2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國地質(zhì)大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號1

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國地質(zhì)大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.填空題

A:Ican'tspeakRussian.

B:Ican't（

）.Weobviouslyneedaninterpreter.

【答案】neither

【解析】語義題。Neither表示“兩者都不……”。

2.填空題

Yesterdayafternoon,whileJohnandLindawerebothatwork,thieves（1）intotheirflatand（2）money,jewelryandanexpensivenewcomputer.

【答案】1.broke;

2.took

【解析】1.固定搭配。breakinto闖入。因此此處填break的過去式broke。

2.語義題。第二空也填動詞的過去式,由其賓語money可知填took(帶走了)。

3.填空題

YesterdayIgavemymother（1）orangesweaterfor（2）birthday.

句意:昨天，我送了一件橘色的羊毛衫給我媽媽做生日禮物。

【答案】1.an

2.her

【解析】1.語法題?？疾椴欢ü谠~。這里表示“送了一件橘色的羊毛衫”,此處應填一個不定冠詞。orange的發(fā)音為元音開始，故應該選不定冠詞an。

2.語法題?？疾槿朔Q代詞所有格。這里填her表示“她的”。

4.單選題

Don’tgettheideathatI’veboughtanewcar.SincethemotorofmyoldVolkswagenstartedtomakeanoddnoiselastweek,I’mhavingitrepaired.Idrivethissubstituteforafewdays.

問題1選項

A.gettheideathat

B.I’mhavingitrepaired

C.drive

D.forafewdays

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】C

【解析】時態(tài)錯誤。把drive改成havebeendriving。根據(jù)后面的afewdays跟句意可知C處應該用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。

5.填空題

“Dida”is（1）peopleusuallycallthisuniversity.（

2）itisacomprehensiveuniversity,theearthsciencesarestillitsmainresearchfocus.Thereis（3）universityassociatedwithit,inWuhan.

【答案】1.what

2.Although

3.another

【解析】1.語法題。what在此處引導表語從句,在從句中充當賓語。

2.邏輯分析。由后句的still(仍然)推測前后句為讓步關系。

3.語義題。句意:武漢還有一所與之相關的大學。

6.單選題

Someofbesttestimonyon

statesandsocietiesofmedievalCentralAsiaistobefoundinreportsmadebyTangtravelersanddiplomatsforthebenefitoftheimperialcourtinChang，an.

問題1選項

A.Someofbesttestimony

B.statesandsocietiesofmedievalCentral

C.istobefoundin

D.forthebenefitof

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】A

【解析】冠詞遺漏。最高級best(最好的)為特指,前面應該加冠詞the。

7.填空題

YesterdayIwent（1）adrinkwiththreeCanadiangeologistswhocametohearmypresentation.It（2）outthatwehaveanumberofresearchinterestsin（3）,sowe（4）thepossibilityofworkingtogether,usingnewmaterialfromsitesinCanadaandChina.

【答案】for;turned;common;discussed

【解析】句意:昨天我和三個過來聽我報告的加拿大地質(zhì)學家一起喝酒。發(fā)現(xiàn)我們在研究興趣上有很多相同點，所以我們探討共同工作的可能性，使用來自加拿大和中國地皮上的新材料。

1.固定搭配。goforadrink出去喝點。

2.固定搭配。Itturnsoutthat...結果是…,這里應該用過去式turned。

3.固定搭配。havesth.incommon有相同之處。

4.語義題。句意推測為:所以我們探討共同工作的可能性。

8.填空題

WhenLiSanwenttothehospitalforhis（1）healthcheck-up,thedoctor

onceagainadvisedhimtoquitsmokingand（2）weight.HealsotoldLitogetmore（3）andcutdownonthe（4）ofsaltinhasdiet.Lihasheardthismanytimesbefore,buthewillprobably（5）theadvice,（6）hehasinthepast.I’mafraiditwilltakeaheartattacktomakehim（7）hisattitude.

【答案】1.regular

2.lose

3.exercise

4.amount

5.ignore

6.as

7.change

【解析】1.語義題。regularhealthcheck-up常規(guī)健康體檢

2.固定搭配。Loseweight減肥。

3.語義題。getmoreexercise加強鍛煉

4.語義題。Amount數(shù)量。

5.語義題。Ignoretheadvice忽視意見。

6.語義題。As正如。

7.固定搭配。changeone'sattitude轉變觀念。

9.填空題

Ourinitialfieldworksite（1）outtobecompletelyunsuitable.Ourteam（2）overaweektherebeforewerecognizedthatwe（3）neverfindthequalityoffossilswewere（4）forinthatspot.

【答案】1.turned;

2.worked;

3.would;

4.looking

【解析】1.固定搭配。turnouttobe被發(fā)現(xiàn)是，結果是。而且此處應為過去式turned。

2.語義題。第二空填不及物動詞,因此worked符合句意。

3.語法分析。第三空填would表示過去將來時。

4.固定搭配。wewerefor是定語從句修飾thequalityoffossils,那么第四空可填現(xiàn)在分詞looking,構成lookfor“尋找”。

10.填空題

Who（1）youyourfirstChinesecharacterswhenyouwereachild?Anddidyouuseapencil,apen（2）abrushtowritethem?

【答案】1.taught

2.and

【解析】1.語義題。teachsb.sth.“教授某人”，由題干的表示時間的“whenyouwereachild”可知第一個空應填入teach的過去式taught。

2.邏輯分析。apencil,apen,abrush三者是并列關系,用and連接表示列舉。

11.單選題

ComparingwithotherAsiancountries,Chinasuffersfromthegreatestgapbetweenitsdevelopmentneedsanditsactualwaterresources.

問題1選項

A.Comparingwithother

B.from

C.gapbetweenits

D.itsactualwaterresources

E.沒有問題

【答案】A

【解析】語法錯誤。考查非謂語動詞。Comparingwithother改為Comparedwithother,當表示被動時，非謂語動詞需用過去分詞的形式。

12.填空題

Who（1）youhowtopreparespecimensforanalysis?Youdoitsowell!I

（2）thatIcoulddoitasskillfullyasyou.UnfortunatelyIwasn’tgivenverygoodtraining（3）labtechniqueswhenIwasastudent.AlthoughIknowyou*retoo（4）tobemyteacher,Iwouldappreciateitifyou’d（5）outanymistakesImake.I’malways（6）toimprove.

大意:是誰教你如何去準備這個分析樣本的？你做得這么好！我希望我能和你一樣做得精巧。不幸的是，當我是個學生的時候，我在實驗技術方面沒有受過很好的培訓。盡管，我知道你太忙而不能成為我的老師，但是如果你能指出我犯的錯誤，我會很感激。我總渴望進步。

【答案】1.taught

2.wish

3.in

4.busy

5.point

6.eager

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的howtoprepare推測空格處應表示“告訴,教”,且此處應為一般過去時。

2.詞匯題。句意:我希望我能和你一樣做得精巧。

3.詞匯題。In表示“在…方面”。

4.詞匯題。句意:我知道你太忙而不能成為我的老師。

5.固定搭配。Pointout指出(錯誤等)。

6.固定搭配。Beeagerto渴望。

13.填空題

5.A:Look!Thewindowis（1）.Becareful（2）thepiecesofglassonthefloor.They’re（3）.

B:Johnsayssomeone（4）arockthroughthewindowthismorning.Noonehasany（5）whoitwas.

【答案】1.broken

2.of

3.sharp

4.threw

5.idea

【解析】1.語義題。句意:窗戶壞了。bebroken表示“損壞的狀態(tài)”。

2.固定搭配。Becarefulof小心…。

3.語義題。這部分是形容玻璃碎片，故可以填入表示“鋒利”的sharp。

4.語義題。Throw扔(石頭)。句子說的是thismorning(早上)發(fā)生的事,因此用一般過去時。

5.固定搭配。Hasidea知道。

14.填空題

A:Ittakeshalf（1）hourto（2）tothestation.Ifwedon'tsetoutsoon,I'm（3）we'llmissourtrain.

B:Oh，I’mgladyoutoldme!I（4）itonlytook15minutes.We’d（5）go

rightawaythen.

【答案】1.an

2.get

3.afraid

4.thought

5.better

【解析】1.固定搭配。halfanhour半小時。

2.固定搭配。Getto到達。

3.固定搭配。I’mafraid....恐怕…

4.語義題。句意:我還以為只要15分鐘。前面句子為一般過去時,所以這里也用一般過去時(think的過去式thought)。

5.固定搭配。wouldbetterdosth.最好…。

15.填空題

A:Didyouhaveaniceholiday?

B:No,Itwas（1）!Itrainedalmosteverydayandwe（2）hardlyeatthe

foodatthehotel.

A:I’m（3）tohearthat.Betterlucknexttime!

【答案】1.awful

2.could

3.sorry

【解析】1.語義題。Awful糟糕的,可怕的。

2.語法題。此句已有謂語動詞eat,因此此處填情態(tài)動詞could比較合適。

3.常用語。I’msorrytohearthat很遺憾聽到這個消息。

16.填空題

Johnhasdecidedtogive（

）smoking

【答案】up

【解析】固定搭配。Giveup放棄,戒掉。

17.單選題

Inthepastthreedecadesgreatchanges,especiallythewayyoungeradultsviewmarriage,havetakenplaceinsociety.

問題1選項

A.Inthepastthreedecades

B.especiallythe

C.youngeradults

D.insociety

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】B

【解析】副詞誤用。especially改為particularly。副詞especially一般表示某事物在意義、程度、重要性性超過其他事物。而particularly往往著重說明與同類事物不同的個別事物。

18.填空題

（1）

totheCanadianmedia,thereiswidespread（2）ofthegovernment'splantoreformhighereducation.Angry（3）againstthemeasurehavebeenorganizedinseveralmajorcities.

【答案】1.according;

2.criticism;

3.people

【解析】1.固定搭配。Accordingto根據(jù)。

2.語義題。第二空填名詞，由后面的關鍵信息Angry和against可知填criticism(批評)符合題意。

3.語義題。第三空為主語的一部分,謂語動詞為organized(組織),同時受Angry修飾，結合上下文可以填people。

19.單選題

WegotintoataxiwithJohntosendhimtothetrainstation,butwehadonlygoneabouthalfakilometerwhenwewereinvolvedinanaccident.

問題1選項

A.tosendhimto

B.wehadonlygone

C.when

D.wereinvolvedin

E.沒有問題

【答案】A

【解析】動詞誤用。send改為take。send的意思為“發(fā)送；派遣”。這里指“送他去火車站”。

20.單選題

Hisscheduleisjammedwithmeetingsandothersortsofevents;Iverymuchdoubtthathewillhavetimetoattendtheannualdramafestivalonourcampus.

問題1選項

A.jammedwithmeetings

B.verymuchdoubt

C.havetimetoattend

D.onourcampus

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

21.填空題

（1）hestudiedinAmericaforthreeyears,hecan’twriteEnglishverywell.Heisratherembarrassedbythisnow.He（2）hehadnotspentmoretime（3）hiswrittenEnglishwhilehewasabroad.

句意:盡管在美國學習過三年，但是他的英語書寫能力卻很差。這讓他現(xiàn)在倍感尷尬。他說自己在國外時沒有在書面英語上花較多的時間。

【答案】1.Although

2.said

3.on

【解析】1.邏輯分析?？崭袼诰渥优c其后面句子構成讓步關系。

2.語義題。用said表示“說過”。

3.固定搭配。Spendtimeon花時間在某事上。

22.填空題

Earthquakesarenaturalshakingswithintheearth’scrust.Theyshowthatcrustalmovementsarestilltaking（1）onourplanettoday,（2）ontheMoon,whichappearstohavenosuchactivity.Seismometersenablegeologiststo（3）theintensityofquakes.MuchofChinaisseismicallyactive,withthemost（4）recentearthquakehavingoccurredin2008,inSichuan（5）.

【答案】place;unlike,measure;serious:province

【解析】句意:地震是地球地殼內(nèi)的正常震動。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地殼運動在我們今天的星球上仍在發(fā)生，不像月球上，貌似沒有這樣的運動。測振儀能夠使地質(zhì)學家測量震動的強度。中國大部分地區(qū)地質(zhì)活躍，最近最嚴重（破壞力最大）的一次地震發(fā)生在2008年的四川。

1.固定搭配。takeplace發(fā)生。

2.語義題。句意:不像月球上，貌似沒有這樣的運動。故填unlike。

3.語義題。根據(jù)前面的seismometers(測振儀)推測此處填measure(測量)。

4.語義題。句意:中國大部分地區(qū)地質(zhì)活躍，最近最嚴重的一次地震發(fā)生在2008年的四川。故填serious。

5.語義題。根據(jù)Sichuan推測此處填province。

23.填空題

Peopleareoften（1）whentheyseethatIhavefiveumbrellasintheroom.Thetruthisthattheyaren’tallmine.Severalvisitorshave（2）umbrellasintheoffice.Idon'tknowwhythis（3）

happening.MaybeIshouldputupa（4）bythedoorremindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo.

大意:當他們看見房間里有5把傘的時候，通常會感到困惑。真相是，不是所有的雨傘都是我的。很多來訪者遺留到辦公室的。我不知道為什么一直會這樣。也許，我應該在門口貼張便利貼，以提醒他們走的時候帶上雨傘。

【答案】1.puzzled

2.left

3.keeps

4.note

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)句中“當他們看見房間里有5把傘的時候”推測,主句部分為:人們通常感到困惑。

2.詞匯題。句意:很多來訪者遺留到辦公室的。而且此處應填動詞的過去分詞,即left。

3.詞匯題。句意:為什么這件事總在發(fā)生?？蘸鬄閔appening，因此填keep語義跟語法上都符合。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的remindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo以及前面的putup推測此處應填note(便利貼)。

24.單選題

JustasoneneedsaJ.D.tobecomealawyerinAmerica,onemustobtainaM.D.inordertoqualifyasaphysician,thoughthedegreeisnottheonlyrequirement.

問題1選項

A.JustasoneneedsaJ.D

B.aM.D

C.qualifyasa

D.thoughthedegreeisnottheonly

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

25.填空題

I'm（1）abirthdaypartyonFridayandIhopeyou（2）joinus.

【答案】1.having;

2.will

【解析】固定搭配。第一空需要填一個現(xiàn)在分詞，用進行時態(tài)表示將來，故having合適。haveabirthdayparty舉辦生日派對。

26.填空題

YouandIdon’tneedanyoneelse’sassistance.Wecansolvetheseproblemsby（

）.

句意:我和你都不需要其它任何人的幫助。我們靠我們自己可以解決問題。

【答案】ourselves

【解析】固定搭配。byourselves依靠自己獨立完成。

27.填空題

A:Isn’tthatyourcar?

B:No,it（1）.Mineis（2）redoneoverthere

【答案】1.isn’t

2.the

【解析】1.語法分析。此處是否定回答。

2.語法分析。句意:我的是紅色那輛。此處為特指,所以用定冠詞the。

28.填空題

13.Wearehavingsome（1）withthemachinethatweimported（2）Japanlastyear.Ithas（3）downtwicealready.Eachtimewehave（4）toaskatechniciantocometoBeijingto（5）it.Thegoodnewsisthatourtechnicianshave（6）completedtheirtraininginTokyo.Thenexttimewehavea（7）,wewon’tneedtosendforaJapanesespecialist.

句意:

我們?nèi)ツ陱娜毡具M口的這臺機器正有些故障。它已經(jīng)發(fā)生過兩次故障了。每次故障發(fā)生時，我們都不得不讓日方派技術員來北京修理它。好消息是我們自己的技術員己經(jīng)結束了他們在東京的培訓。下次該機器再有故障時，我們就不需要邀請日本專家了。

【答案】1.trouble

2.from

3.broken

4.had

5.repair

6.already

7.breakdown

【解析】1.固定搭配。Havetroublewith…有故障。

2.固定搭配。importedfrom從…進口。

3.固定搭配。breakdown損壞，分解，發(fā)生故障，分詞為brokendown。

4.固定搭配。Haveto不得不。have后加動詞過去分詞表完成時態(tài)，故這里應填had。

5.語義題。修理用repair。

6.語義題。Havealready已經(jīng)。

7.語義題。haveabreakdown損壞,出故障。

29.填空題

Trynottousetheairconditioningtoomuch.Themorepoweryouuse,the（

）yourelectricalbillwillbe.

【答案】bigger

【解析】語法題?？疾椤皌he+比較級……the+比較級……”的固定句型,，表示“越……就越……”，根據(jù)意思“使用的電越多，電費賬單就會越大”，故需填入bigger。

30.填空題

Ingeneral,I’mgladthatIdon’townacar.（1）IdowishthatI（2）amotorcycle,though.It（3）benicetobeabletoget（4）ofthecityonweekends.Ienjoywanderinginthemountains（5）thenorthandwestofourcampus,buttransportation（6）makeithardformetodothatmorethanthreeorfourtimes（7）year.AmotorbikeisjustwhatIneed.

【答案】1.sometimes

2.owned

3.would

4.out

5.to

6.Problems

7.a

【解析】1.語義題。由空格前句意“我通常高興自己沒有車”中“ingeneral通?！奔翱崭窈箨P鍵詞“though但是”的對應可推知這里表示“有時也希望自己擁有一輛摩托車”。

2.語義題。句意:有時也希望自己擁有一輛摩托車。此處為wish引導虛擬語氣表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望（其構成為主語+wishthat+從句主語+動詞過去式（be—律用were）。

3.這里用表將來的委婉語氣詞“would”表示“將會”。

4.固定搭配。getoutof離開。

5.語法題?？疾榻樵~。tothenorthandwestofsth.在…的北面和西面

6.語義題。句意:交通問題讓我為難。

7.語義題。這里表示“每年三次或四次”。

31.單選題

toacclaimAasX:topraiseApubliclyandenthusiasticallyasX.

ananatomist:amedicalscientistwhocutsopendeadbodiestostudythemtocommissionX:toorderX(tobemadeorobtained)acorpse:adeadbodytodisinter:tounburygynecology:themedicalfielddealingwithwomen’sdiseasesahenchman:asupporterorassistantwillingtouseviolenceorcriminalmeansleukemia:bloodcancerlucrativeprofitableamidwife:apersontrainedtohelpwomengivebirth

obese:veryfatobstetrics:themedicalfieldthatdealswithpregnancyandthedeliveryofbabiespajamas:lightclothesforsleepinginapar:alevelapoorhouse:(historical)apublicshelterinwhichjoblesspoorpeoplewerefedinexchangeforworkapractitioner:someoneworksactivelyin(aprofession)proximity:nearnessaserialkiller:someonewhomurderanumberofpeopleinseparateincidentsSherlockHolmes:themostfamousdetectiveinEnglishliteratureaspree:aperiodofwildactivityunsavoury:dishonest,untrustworthyandprobablyinvolvedincrime

1.WilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliecommissionedaregularsupplyofcorpsessotheycouldstudythephysicaleffectsofpregnancy,arguesrespectedhistorianDonShelton.Thesemenaregiantsofmedicine,pioneersofthecarethatwomenreceiveduringchildbirthandwerethefoundingfathersofobstetrics.ThenamesofWilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliestillinspirerespectamongtoday’sdoctors,morethan250yearsaftertheymadetheircontributionstohealthcare,Suchweretheduo’sreputationsasoutstandingphysicianstheclientelesoftheirprivatepracticesincludedtherichandfamousofmid-18th-centruyLondon.

2.Butweretheyalsoserialkillers?NewresearchpublishedintheJOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(JRSM)claimsthattheywere.Adetailedhistoricalstudyaccusesthedoctorsofarrangingforthekillingofdozensofwomen,manyinthelaterstagesofpregnancy,todissecttheircorpses.“SmellieandHunterwereresponsibleforaseriesof18th^-century‘burking’murdersofpregnantwomen,withadeathtotalgreaterthanthecombinedmurderscommittedbyBurkeandHareandJacktheRipper”writesShelton.(“Burking”involvedmurderingpeopletoorder,usuallyformedicalresearch;toavoidtroublewiththelaw,itwasimportanttokillthevictimsinsuchawaythattheyseemedtohavediedofnaturalcauses.Theverb“toburke”isderivedfromthenameofWilliamBurke,anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments.)

3.AccordingtoShelton,HunterandSmelliewerebetweenthemresponsibleforthemurdersof-40pregnantwomenandtheirunbornchildren.Actingseparately,andusinghenchmentodeliver.Theirsupply,theyorganizedakillingspreeinLondonbetween1749and1755and,afteraperiodofinactivityenforcedbymountingsuspicionaboutthesourceofheircorpses,resumedbetween1764and1774.Motivatedbyego,personalrivalryandashareddesiretobenefitfrombeingacclaimedastheforemostchildbirthdoctorsoftheirtime,HunterandSmelliesacrificedlifeafterlifeintheirqueststostudypregnancy’sphysicaleffectsandtodevelopnewtechniques,theauthorsays.“Althoughitsoundsabsolutelyincredible,thecircumstantialliteraryevidencesuggeststheyweremostlikelycompetingwitheachotherinexperimentingwithsecretcaesareansectionsonconscious,orfreshlymurdered,victims,withaviewtoextractingandrevivingthebabies,”SheltontoldtheObserver.”

4.Sheltonexaminedthemen’sanatomicalatlases,containingdetailedimagesof

pregnantwomenwhohadbeenopenedup,andmedicalliteratureandthecausesofdeathinLondonatthetime.Glasgow’sHunterianmuseumandgalleryisnamedafterScottish-bornHunter,whoin1762becamephysiciantoQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIII,HehelpedhertodeliverthefuturekingGeorgeIV,Smellie,afellowScot,isnolessdistinguished,FromWitchcrafttoWisdom,atextbookonthehistoryofobstetricandgynaecologicalmedicine,hailshimas“thegreatestobstetricianinthehistoryofBritishobstetrics”.Hehasalsobeencalled“thefatherofBritishmidwifery”.

5.Shelton,though,regardstheduoasonaparwithBurkeandHare,whomurdered17citizensofEdinburghin1827and1828,sellingtheirremainstoalocalanatomist,TheLondonofHunterandSmellie’stimewasunhealthyandsemi-anarchic,andearlydeathfromdiseasewaswidespread,aswasgraverobbing.InhisJRSMpaper,Sheltonclaimstoprovethattherivaldoctorscouldnothaveobtainedtheirsupplyofcorpsesbyanyothermeansthanmurder.ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren,Thusthegraverobbersofthetimecouldnothavefulfilledtheobstetricians’needforsuchaspecifictypeoffemale,ConcludesShelton.

6.Eachusedanassistanttocommissionkillers,hesays,namingDrColinMackenzieasSmellie’saccompliceandJohnHunter-William’sbrother,whowasacelebratedanatomist—ashishelper.Youngwomenfromthecountrysidewereapparentlyfavouritetargetsinacitywhereplentyofpeople“disappeared”.“Thereisgreatsuspicionabouttheabundanceofundeliveredninth—monthcorpsesprocured,dissectedanddepictedintheanatomicalatlasesofSmellieandHunter,”writesShelton.“Theimpossibilityofsupplyfromrandomresurrections,takenwithacarefulanalysisofevents,andof18dl-centurymedicalliterature,showscompellingevidenceforburking,”By1755rumourswerecirculatingthatthewomeninSmellie’sjournalhadbeenmurdered,andassociatesbeganpressinghimontheirorigins.“AsaresultSmellieandHunterbothhaltedtheirresearch,bothpresumablyfearingtrialandexecution,”althoughHunter—whousedhislinkstopowerfulfamiliestoensurenoinvestigationwaseverundertaken—resumedorderingmurders,aboutonceayear,in1764,Sheltonadds.

7.AnthonyKenny,agynaecologistinLondonfor40yearsuntilhisretirementin2007,said:“Thesetwoguysaremyheroes.Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering.”KennyisnowthecuratorofthemuseumoftheRoyalCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists.“Theywerethefirstproperobstetriciansinthecountrybecauseoftheirpioneeringworkpracticingwhatwasthenstillanewbranchofmedicine.”WhileKennydescribesShelton’spaperas“extremelyimpressive”initsresearch,hecannotbelievethathisheroeswereguiltyofsuchterriblecrimes.Thetradeincorpseswasverylucrativeandprobablyattractedunsavoury,unscrupulouscharacters,hepointedout.”Anditcouldbethattheydidn’tmakeproperinquiriesastotheoriginsofthebodies,andsomaynothaveknownthatthewomenweremurdered.

8.LudmillaJordanova,aprofessorofmodemhistoryatKing’sCollegeLondonwhospecializesinthehistoryofmedicine,saysShelton’sassertionthatHunterandSmelliecouldnothavecomeacrosssomanydeadpregnantwomenfromanyothersourceas“astrikingclaim,importantresearch...isrevealingthecomplexitiesofanatomicalactivitiesin18th—centuryLondon.Thisisanexcitingandcontroversialareaofhistoricalinvestigation.”WhileSheltonacknowledgesthattheideaofpioneeringmedicalresearchersresortingtoburkingisshocking.HelikestoquoteSherlockHolmes,“Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossible,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,isthetruth.”

1.Accordingtotheinformationinparagraph2,WilliamBurke（

）

2.AccordingtoDonShelton,pregnantwomenin18thcenturyLondon（

）,

3.ThestrongestsupportforShelton’sthesiscomesfrom（

）.

4.Inparagraph6,thewordapparentlymeans（

）.

5.WhatSheltonwritesaboutthepioneeringgynecologistsHunterand

Smellie（

）.

問題1選項

A.wasahenchmanofHunterandSmellie

B.gavehisnametothepracticeofkillingpeoplewithoutleavinganysignsofmurder

C.isbelievedtohavekilledpeopleforhisownmedicalresearch

D.mademoneybykillingpeopletoprovidebodiesformedicalresearch

問題2選項

A.Generallywerenotverylikelytodieinthelastmonthofpregnancy

B.Seldomdiedsoonaftergivingbirth

C.wereaverysmallpartoftheoverallurbanpopulation

D.werequitenumerousinitsmanypoorhouses

問題3選項

A.thetestimonyofcontemporaryeyewitnesses

B.statisticsandprobability

C.policerecordsofthetime

D.literaryreportsoftheabundantviolenceandcrimein18thcenturyLondon

問題4選項

A.itisobviousthat

B.thereisnodoubtthat

C.itappearsthat

D.somepeopleassertthat

問題5選項

A.seemsquitepersuasivetoAnthonyKenny

B.appallsandhorrifiesAnthonyKenny

C.clearsthem,inAnthonyKenny’sopinion,ofanyguiltorblame.

D.SeemscompletelygroundlesstoAnthonyKenny

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第二段對WilliamBurke進行了解釋:anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments(愛爾蘭人,1829年在恩丁堡被判殺人罪--出售尸體進行醫(yī)學實驗)。故選D。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第五段指出:ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren(這位歷史學家說，母親在臨產(chǎn)前不久死亡或被謀殺是很罕見的，來自貧民區(qū)的人通常都是老人、不舒服或孩子)。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。文章多出提到Shelton’s的理論來源。第二段提到JOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(皇家醫(yī)學會雜志),后面又提到medicalliterature(醫(yī)學文獻)。故選D:18世紀倫敦大量暴力和犯罪的文學報道。

4.詞義題。此處句意為:在一個很多人都“消失”了的城市里，來自農(nóng)村的年輕婦女顯然是最受歡迎的目標。

5.推理判斷題。第七段:Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering(他們可能參與了謀殺目標的說法絕對令人震驚),后面也表達了他們難以置信的態(tài)度。故選B。

32.單選題

Torontoissome475kminthenorthwestofNewYork,whileVancouver,only200kmfromSeattle,isevenclosertoamajorAmericancity.

問題1選項

A.issome475

B.inthenorthwestof

C.whileVancouver,only200

D.evenclosertoamajorAmericancity

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】B

【解析】介詞誤用。去掉in,此處表示位于西北方向（一般用tothenorthwestofsomewhere）,shi大致方向,并非指具體位置。

33.填空題

Inmyoffice（1）deskisbythewindowandthereis（2）largebookshelfalongthewall.Twoyearsagoanair（3）wasinstalledintheoffice,sonowIcanworktherecomfortablyevenonsummerafternoons.Ihaveadesktop（4）intheoffice,butlatelyithasn’tbeenveryreliable;asa（5）,Iusuallybringmylaptopwithme.

大意:在我辦公室，靠窗邊有把椅子，沿墻靠著一個大書架。兩年前，辦公室裝了一臺空調(diào)，所以，現(xiàn)在即使是夏天的午后，我也可以舒服地工作。辦公室有臺臺式電腦，但是，后來它并不可靠。結果，我經(jīng)常帶手提電腦來辦公室。

【答案】1.the

2.a

3.conditioner

4.computer

5.result

【解析】1.語法題——定冠詞。這里的desk特指辦公室靠窗的椅子,因此填定冠詞the。

2.語法題——不定冠詞。此處為thereis,而且空格處修飾名詞的單數(shù)bookshelf，因此空格處填不定冠詞a。

3.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的sonowIcanworktherecomfortablyevenonsummerafternoons以及空前的air推測此處填conditioner。Airconditioner空調(diào)。

4.語義題。后文中出現(xiàn)了laptop(手提電腦),據(jù)此推測空格處填computer。Desktopcomputer桌面電腦。

5.固定搭配。Asaresult因此/結果。

34.填空題

Onourcyclingtourwemanagedtocoveranaverage（1）ofabout25kilometers（2）day.

【答案】1.distance;

2.a/per

【解析】1.語義題。由后面的about25kilometers推測此處填distance。

2.語法分析。第二空填冠詞a或介詞per合適。

35.單選題

9.Ifthereisanyendeavourwhosefruitsshouldbefreelyavailable,thatendeavourissurelypubliclyfinancedscience.Morally,taxpayerswhowishtoshouldbeabletoreadaboutitwithoutfurtherexpense.Andscienceadvancesthroughcross-fertilizationbetweenprojects.Barrierstothatexchangeslowitdown.

10.Thereisawidespreadfeelingthatthejournalpublisherswhohavemediatedthisexchangeforthepastcenturyormorearebecominganimpedimenttoit.OneofthelatestconvertsistheBritishgovernment.OnJuly16itannouncedthat,from2013,theresultsoftaxpayer-financedresearchwouldbeavailable,freeandonline,foranyonetoreadandredistribute.

11.Britain’sgovernmentisnotalone.OnJuly17theEuropeanUnionfollowedsuit.Itproposesmakingresearchpaidforbyitsnextscientific-spendinground-whichrunsfrom2014to2020,andwillhandoutabout€80billion,or$100billion,ingrants-similarlyeasytogetholdof.InAmerica,theNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH,thesinglebiggestsourceofcivilianresearchfundsintheworld)hasrequiredopen-accesspublishingsince2008.AndtheWellcomeTrust,aBritishfoundationthatistheworld'ssecond-biggestcharitablesourceofscientificmoney,aftertheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,alsoinsiststhatthosewhoreceiveitssupportmaketheirworkavailablefree.

12.Criticismofjournalpublishersusuallyboilsdowntotwothings,Oneisthattheirprocessestakemonths,whentheinternetcouldallowthemtotakedays,Theotheristhatbecauseeachpaperislikeamini-monopoly,whichworkersinthefieldhavetoreadiftheyaretoadvancetheirownresearch,thereisnoincentivetokeepthepricedown.Thepublishersthushavescientists?or,moreaccurately,theiruniversities,whichpaythesubscriptions-inanarmlock.That,combinedwiththefactthattherawmaterial(manuscriptsofpapers)isfree,leadstogenerousreturns.In2011Elsevier,alargeDutchpublisher,madeaprofitof￡768monrevenuesof￡2.06billion-amarginof37%.Indeed,Elsevier'sprofitsarethoughtsoegregiousbymanypeoplethat12,000researchershavesigneduptoboycottthecompany’sjournals.

13.Publishersdoprovideaservice.Theyorganizepeerreview,inwhichpapersarecriticizedanonymouslybyexperts(thoughthoseexperts,liketheauthorsofpapers,areseldompaidforwhattheydo).Theyalsosortthescientificsheepfromthegoats,bydecidingwhatgetspublished,andwhere.Thatgivesthepublishershugepower.Sinceresearchers,administratorsandgrant-awardingbodiesalltakenoteofwhichworkhasgotthroughthisfilteringmechanism,thecompetitiontopublishinthebestjournalsisintense,andthesystembecomesself-reinforcing,increasingthevalueofthosejournalsstillfurther.

14.Butnot,perhaps,formuchlonger.Supporthasbeenswellingforopen-accessscientificpublishing:doingitonline,inawaythatallowsanyonetoreadpapersfreeofcharge.Themovementstartedamongscientiststhemselves,butgovernmentsarenow,asBritain'sannouncementmakesclear,payingattentionandaskingwhethertheytoomightbenefitfromthechange.

15.TheBritishannouncementfollowedthepublicationofareportbyDameJanetFinch,asociologistattheUniversityofManchester,whichrecommendsencouragingabusinessmodeladoptedbyoneofthepioneersofopen-accesspublishing,thePublicLibraryofScience.Thisorganization,acharitybasedinSanFrancisco,chargesauthorsafee(between$1,350and$2,900,thoughitiswaivedincasesofhardship)andthenmakestheirpapersavailableovertheinternetfornothing.ForPLoS,asthecharityiswidelyknown,thisworkswell.Ithaslaunchedsevenwidelyrespectedelectronicjournalssinceitsfoundationin2000.Forreasonslostinhistory,thisisknownasthegoldmodel.

16.TheNIH’sapproachisdifferent.Itletsresearcherspublishintraditionaljournals,butonconditionthat,withinayear,theyposttheirpapersonafree"repository"websitecalledPubMed.Journalshavetoagreetothis,orbeexcludedfromtheprocess.Thisisknownasthegreenmodel.

17.Bothgoldandgreenmodelsinvolvepre-publicationpeerreview.Butathirddoesawaywitheventhat.Many