近三年2019～2021高考英語真題分類精編專題09語法填空【含答案】

專題09語法填空【2021年】(全國甲卷)話題:游西安長城詞數(shù):186難度:★★★TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It___41___(build)originallytoprotectthecity___42___theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible___43___(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After___44___(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat___45___(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!We___46___(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky___47___didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand___49___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir____50____(day)routines.41.wasbuilt42.in43.towalk44.spending45.better46.hired47.but48.the49.watchtowers50.daily這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者游覽西安長城的活動。41.考查被動語態(tài)。句意：它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。分析句子可知，空格處為謂語，動詞build和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)（bedone），根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語theTangdynasty可知，用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動詞用過去式，主語it為第三人稱單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填wasbuilt。42.考查介詞。句意：它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“在某個(gè)朝代”應(yīng)用介詞in。故填in。43.考查動詞不定式。句意：在觀察了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處為句型“it+be+adj+todosth.”，it為形式主語，動詞walk的不定式短語作真正主語。故填towalk。44.考查動名詞。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處After為介詞，故spend應(yīng)用其動名詞形式作介詞賓語。故填spending。45.考查形容詞比較級。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。根據(jù)后文比較連（介）詞than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞good的比較級。故填better。46.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動詞用過去式。故填hired。47.考查連詞。句意：我的自行車又舊又搖搖晃晃，但還可以騎。后文didthejob和前文Mybikewasoldandshaky之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but連接。故填but。48.考查冠詞。句意：我們繞著西安城墻走了大約3個(gè)小時(shí)。結(jié)合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短語為alltheway，故用定冠詞the限定名詞way。故填the。49.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：據(jù)說你可以在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成，但我們在不同的大門和了望臺停下來拍照，或者只是看當(dāng)?shù)厝诉M(jìn)行他們的日常生活。根據(jù)句意以及前文形容詞different可知，此處可數(shù)名詞watchtower是復(fù)數(shù)概念，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填watchtowers。50.考查形容詞。句意：據(jù)說你可以在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成，但我們在不同的大門和了望臺停下來拍照，或者只是看當(dāng)?shù)厝诉M(jìn)行他們的日常生活。修飾后文名詞routines應(yīng)用day的形容詞daily，作定語，修飾名詞。故填daily。(全國乙卷)話題:生態(tài)旅游詞數(shù):193難度:★★★Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影響)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome___61___(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe___62___(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas___63___(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept___64___thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto___65___growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes___66___tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:·Minimizetheimpactof___67___(visit)theplace.·Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.·Provide___68___(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.·Makesurethatthetourismprovidesexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.biodiversity.___Park,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.___69___(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaim____70____(have)cated62.development63.its64.until65.the66.of67.visiting68.financial69.activities70.tohave這是一篇說明文。主要講述生態(tài)旅游通常被認(rèn)為是到原始地區(qū)的低影響旅游。但是由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。實(shí)際上，生態(tài)旅游必須滿足一些規(guī)定。61.考查形容詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因?yàn)樗茏屄眯姓吡私膺@個(gè)地區(qū)——無論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色，并且經(jīng)常為環(huán)境保護(hù)提供資金，并有利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。分析句子成分可知，此處查固定搭配becomeeducatedabout表示“對……有所了解”。故填educated。62.考查名詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因?yàn)樗茏屄眯姓吡私膺@個(gè)地區(qū)——無論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色，并且經(jīng)常為環(huán)境保護(hù)提供資金，并有利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。根據(jù)空格前的定冠詞the可知，此處填入名詞development來做動詞benefits的賓語。故填development。63.考查代詞。句意：生態(tài)旅游起源于20世紀(jì)70年代的環(huán)境運(yùn)動。根據(jù)空格后名詞origin可知，此處形容詞性物主代詞來修飾名詞origin。故填its。64.考查固定句型。句意：直到20世紀(jì)80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“直到20世紀(jì)80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。65.考查冠詞。句意：由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)填冠詞。再結(jié)合空格后“growingpopularityofenvironmental-relatedandadventuretravel”可知，此處特指與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，所以應(yīng)填定冠詞the。故填the。66.考查介詞。句意：由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。varioustypesof為固定搭配表示“各種各樣的”，所以空格處應(yīng)填of。故填of。67.考查動名詞。句意：最大限度地減少拜訪這個(gè)地方的影響。根據(jù)空格前介詞of可知，空格處應(yīng)填動名詞形式來作介詞of的賓語。故填visiting。68.考查形容詞。句意：為當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裉峁┴?cái)政援助和其他福利。根據(jù)空后名詞aid可知，空格處應(yīng)填形容詞來修飾名詞aid，finance的形容詞形式為financial。故填financial。69.考查名詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。根據(jù)謂語動詞range可知，空格處應(yīng)填用可數(shù)名詞activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語。故填activities。70.考查非謂語動詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。固定短語aimtodo譯為“旨在，目的是”。故填tohave。(新高考Ⅰ卷)話題:黃山的云海、溫泉和臺階詞數(shù):218難度:★★★GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.____56____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill____58____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the____59____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____60____(astonish).Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit____61____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure____62____offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour____63____(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin____64____(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis____65____musttovisit!56.What57.humans58.undoubtedly59.hotter60.astonished61.was62.and63.aching64.mine65.a本文屬于說明文。文章介紹黃山的三種代表性的事物——云海，溫泉以及臺階。56.考查主語從句。句意：這次經(jīng)歷的驚人之處在于這世界之外的景色。此處是主語從句，從句缺乏主語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，指代“經(jīng)歷的事情”。故填What。57.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)你站在黃山山頂看見波濤洶涌般的云海，你會想到我們?nèi)祟愂嵌嗝吹拿煨　uman是we的同位語，we為復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)用human的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填humans。58.考查副詞。句意：它無疑會幫助你恢復(fù)精神！修飾動詞help，應(yīng)用副詞undoubtedly“毫無疑問地”。故填undoubtedly。59.考查形容詞比較級。句意：關(guān)于黃山溫泉讓人驚訝的是，氣溫越低，溫泉越暖和。此處是固定結(jié)構(gòu)“the+比較級，the+比較級”，意為“越……，越……”。故填hotter。60.考查形容詞。句意：但大自然就是這樣——總是讓我們驚訝。此處是“l(fā)eave+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”，補(bǔ)充說明賓語us的感受，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞。故填astonished。61.考查一般過去時(shí)。句意：你不禁會想，對當(dāng)時(shí)的人們來說，把這些石頭都安置好有多難。分析句子可知，“howhardit61(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace”作wonder的賓語，it是從句的形式主語，不定式為真正主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，安置臺階的石頭為陳述過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填was。62.考查連詞。句意：雖然在上山的路上，這是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)，并且提供了一個(gè)你可以坐下來休息你疼痛的雙腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlightsthewholeadventure”與“offersaplace”部分為并列關(guān)系，都是作it的謂語，故用并列連詞and。63.考查形容詞。句意：雖然在上山的路上，這是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)，并且提供了一個(gè)你可以坐下來休息你疼痛的雙腿的地方。分析句子及語境可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞aching“疼痛的”修飾名詞legs，意為“疼痛的雙腿”。故填aching。64.考查代詞。句意：正如歌中所唱，這條漫長而曲折的道路“永遠(yuǎn)不會消失”，它將永遠(yuǎn)留在游客的記憶中。對我來說確實(shí)如此。根據(jù)前一句“itwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory”可知，本句為does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏賓語，應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞mine指代mymemory。故填mine。65.考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)你在中國的時(shí)候，黃山是一個(gè)你一定要去的地方。must作名詞時(shí)，意為“絕對必要的事物”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一個(gè)必須去的地方”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，must是以輔音音素開頭的詞，應(yīng)用a。故填a。(浙江高考卷)話題:林肯老房子的變遷歷史詞數(shù):233難度:★★★Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,___36___（prove）irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.Beautifullyrestored（修復(fù)）toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln'shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit___37___$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___38___（marry）ceremonyin1842.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___39___（small）thanitistoday.Mary'sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome___40___（paint）white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof___41___（she）,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.AlthoughMarylovedflowers,___42___shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagardenforoneyear.Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover___43___（plant）flowersinthefrontyard.___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand____45____（sell）mostoftheirfurniture.36.hasproved/hasproven37.for38.marriage39.smaller40.waspainted41.herself42.neither43.toplant44.The45.sold這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了美國總統(tǒng)林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的老房子的變遷歷史。36.考查動詞。句意：它不像喬治華盛頓在波托馬克河畔的種植園那樣給人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的家，自從向公眾開放以來，就被證明對游客來說是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處作謂語動詞，Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois作主語；結(jié)合句意及設(shè)空處后的時(shí)間狀語從句sinceitopenedtothepublic可知，此處指過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，符合現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)概念，故設(shè)空處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)是has/have+過去分詞；主語Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以助動詞用has，提示詞prove的過去分詞形式是proved或proven。故填hasproved/hasproven。37.考查介詞。句意：1844年，他們以1200美元的價(jià)格從查爾斯·德萊瑟手中買下了這座房子和一些土地，查爾斯·德萊瑟在1842年舉行了他們的婚禮。結(jié)合句意可知，此處考查固定短語buysth.for+價(jià)格，意為“以……價(jià)格買某物”。故填for。38.考查名詞。句意：1844年，他們以1200美元的價(jià)格從查爾斯·德萊瑟手中買下了這座房子和一些土地，查爾斯·德萊瑟在1842年舉行了他們的婚禮。結(jié)合設(shè)空前的形容詞性物主代詞可知，此處要用名詞形式；結(jié)合設(shè)空處后的ceremony，可知此處意為“婚禮”；提示詞marry意為“婚姻”，其名詞形式為marriage，marriageceremony意為“婚禮”。故填marriage。39.考查形容詞。句意：這棟房子建成時(shí)比現(xiàn)在小得多。結(jié)合設(shè)空前的much和設(shè)空后的than可知，此處考查形容詞比較級固定結(jié)構(gòu)much+比較級+than，提示詞small的比較級形式為smaller。故填smaller。40.考查被動語態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作謂語動詞，Thelittlehome作主語。結(jié)合句意及常識可知，房子是“被漆”的，主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)上文的wasbuilt可知，此處為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+過去分詞；主語Thelittlehome是單數(shù)第三人稱，所以要用was，提示詞paint的過去分詞形式是painted。故填waspainted。41.考查代詞。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的寫照，一切都很有品位，井井有條。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“她自己”，可知此處考查反身代詞；提示詞she的反身代詞是herself。故填herself。42.考查連詞。句意：雖然瑪麗喜歡花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的園丁。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查連詞結(jié)構(gòu)“neither…nor…”，意為“既不……也不……”。故填neither。43.考查動詞不定式。句意：瑪麗的妹妹弗朗西絲·托德·華萊士經(jīng)常來前院種花。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作狀語；根據(jù)句意可知，此處是目的狀語；目的狀語用動詞不定式表示；提示詞plant的不定式形式為toplant。故填toplant。44.考查冠詞。句意：林肯夫婦在1856年把房子擴(kuò)大到了整整兩層，以滿足他們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的家庭的需要。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“林肯一家”；根據(jù)設(shè)空后的Lincolns可知，此處考查“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”，表示夫婦倆，或者一家人。設(shè)空處位于句首，所以首字母要大寫。故填The。45.考查動詞。句意：1861年林肯當(dāng)選美國總統(tǒng)后，他們租了房子，賣掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處和前面的動詞rented一起做并列謂語；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語1861可知，此處用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，提示詞sell的過去式形式是sold。故填sold?！?020年】(全國Ⅰ卷)話題:中國嫦娥四號無人探測器月背成功著陸詞數(shù):191難度:★★★moon.Thehasbecomethefirstcountrytolandacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChange-4probe(探測器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—61basin.LandinglastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis62challenging.Becausechallenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63Earth.ThesendsignalstothececraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山),moreso65side.Chinesernearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChange-466(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit67(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68(construct).”Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow69iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

【答案解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了我國的嫦娥四號探月器在月背成功著陸并展開探索的壯舉。61.touched。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),“thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess”部分是對探月器名稱的解釋,可以看作是插入成分。故可判斷出空格處是謂語動詞。再根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語lastweek可知此處用一般過去時(shí)。toucheddown降落,著陸。62.extremely?？疾楦痹~。修飾形容詞challenging要用副詞。故填extremely。63.where?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格后面是一個(gè)句子,而空格前是一個(gè)名詞。結(jié)合句意可知,空格后的句子是定語從句。利用定語從句的知識,可判斷出用關(guān)系副詞erest。考查名詞?？茖W(xué)家對月球背面尤其感興趣。sth.beofinteresttosb.某物讓某人感興趣。more...than...連詞。根據(jù)前面的more可知,此處考查連詞than。more...than...比……多?！霸虑虮趁嬗泻芏嗌钌畹沫h(huán)形山,比我們熟悉的近側(cè)更多?！?6.tofind?？疾閯釉~不定式。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此空處是非謂語動詞。結(jié)合句意可知,此處用不定式表示目的。67.means?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此空處是謂語動詞。本句引用了CarlePieters的話,結(jié)合句意可知空格處要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語為it,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。68.isconstructed?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:月球是如何形成的。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。69.much?？疾樾稳菰~。ice是不可數(shù)名詞,故表達(dá)詢問“多少冰”時(shí)用howmuchice。70.its。考查代詞。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處的詞應(yīng)是plans的定語,故需填形容詞性物主代詞its。(2020?全國Ⅱ卷)話題:中國春節(jié)習(xí)俗詞數(shù):204W難度:★★★DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYearChineseNewYearisa61.spring.This)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62.significance.Theysignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth63.(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:Oranges:Orangetreesaremore64.wealth.They;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes65.(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.66.must.Bambooduringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated67.home.Theyabundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy68.(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

BranchesofPlumBlossom(梅花):The69.decorations.Theranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesare70.firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

【答案解析】本文介紹了中國許多地區(qū)在春節(jié)期間用橘樹、竹子和梅花枝條裝飾家居的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗以及它們的寓意。61.celebration。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前面的不定冠詞a可知此處需要名詞,空后面的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語修飾名詞celebration。62.carries?？疾橹髦^一致和時(shí)態(tài)。此處why引導(dǎo)表語從句,表語從句中主語是decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers,填空處作謂語。因?yàn)槲恼陆榻B的是中國現(xiàn)在仍然流行的一些習(xí)俗,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。單個(gè)動詞的-ing形式作主語,謂語用單數(shù)形式,所以填ing。考查非謂語動詞。represent表示“代表”,后面接動詞的-ing形式作賓語,此處指它們代表大地復(fù)蘇以及對新的開始的美好祝愿。64.than。考查固定搭配。morethan在此處表示“不僅僅”。句意:橘樹不僅僅是裝飾;它們是好運(yùn)和財(cái)富的象征。65.decorated?？疾榉侵^語動詞。此處是“see+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。them作see的賓語,指代橘樹,和decorate之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞decorated作賓語補(bǔ)足語。66.Certainly。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處副詞位于句首修飾整個(gè)句子。67.with?？疾榻樵~。beassociatedwith是固定搭配,表示“和……有聯(lián)系”。68.tocare?？疾榉侵^語動詞?！爸髡Z(具體的人或物)+be+形容詞+動詞不定式”是一個(gè)固定句型,表示主語的特征,其中動詞不定式只能用主動形式。此句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成it(形式主語)+be+形容詞+動詞不定式。69.beautiful?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處需要形容詞和long并列修飾后面的名詞branches。70.the?？疾楣谠~。thefirst第一個(gè)人或事物。此處指梅花是第一個(gè)開花的。(2020?全國Ⅲ卷)話題:自然詞數(shù):234W難度:★★★InancientChinalivedanartist61lifelike.Theproud.Onetlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62best.Thework,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould63laughed.Thebutwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver—perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.

Filledwith64(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.65heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand66river.Thedowntheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67(find)thepainter.Aspainter.Asthesmallboatmoved68water.He)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69tears.Thed)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartist70earth,MotherNature.

【答案解析】在古老的中國,有一個(gè)自認(rèn)為畫技超群的畫家,認(rèn)為自己的作品一定會被皇帝看中,最后他才發(fā)現(xiàn),還有比自己技藝更高的存在——大自然。從中我們也應(yīng)該知道,做人應(yīng)該謙虛,虛心向他人學(xué)習(xí)。61.whose?？疾槎ㄕZ從句?？崭袂昂笫莾蓚€(gè)獨(dú)立的句子,缺少連接詞,根據(jù)后面的paintings可知,我們需要填進(jìn)去的詞應(yīng)該和paintings構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系,填whose。62.finest?？疾樾稳菰~最高級?？崭裰械脑~修飾的是work,根據(jù)后文中thebest可知應(yīng)填fine的最高級finest。63.bechosen?？疾檎Z態(tài)。根據(jù)文章意思,此處應(yīng)該是被動語態(tài),而且前面有情態(tài)動詞would其后應(yīng)用動詞原形,填bechosen。64.curiosity。考查名詞。空格處是with的賓語,要用名詞形式,curious的名詞形式是curiosity。65.When/As。考查狀語從句。這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,逗號前面是時(shí)間狀語從句,句子大概意思是:當(dāng)他問村民的時(shí)候,他們指向江邊,應(yīng)該用When或As引導(dǎo)。66.pointed?？疾閺?fù)合句。and連接兩個(gè)謂語動詞,空格處的動詞形式應(yīng)和前文中的smiled一致,填pointed。67.tofind?？疾榉侵^語動詞。setout開始,著手,出發(fā)。表達(dá)的是主語的目的和行為,應(yīng)填todo不定式,即tofind。68.gently?？疾楦痹~,空格處修飾的是前面的動詞moved,應(yīng)用副詞gently。69.surrounding?？疾閺?fù)合句,同66題,根據(jù)and可知前后為兩個(gè)非謂語動詞并列,與rising一致,即surrounding。70.on。考查介詞,根據(jù)后文earth及語義搭配,填on。(新高考Ⅰ卷)話題:博物館說明文詞數(shù):237難度:★★★e.g.stampsantiques.Inehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,36(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsart.Theysofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37museum.Theydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,38(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum39openedin1759.

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic40rooms.Oftenriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection41display.Mostdisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.

Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine42(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor43(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity’sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical44(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete45people’sretimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.

【答案解析】文章介紹了博物館的藏品的來源、功能以及為吸引游客所做的努力。36.wealthy。考查形容詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知修飾名詞主語people,要用形容詞。37.or。考查并列連詞。根據(jù)句意“他們把收藏品保存在家中直到收藏?cái)?shù)量過大或者直到他們?nèi)ナ馈笨芍钊氡硎具x擇關(guān)系的并列連詞。38.formed?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“SirHansSloane收藏的8萬件物品形成了大英博物館的核心館藏”和定語從句中的時(shí)間狀語in1759可知要用一般過去時(shí)。39.which/that?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處應(yīng)填入定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,結(jié)合句意“于1759年開放”可知修飾前面的theBritishMuseum,且在定語從句中作主語,故用關(guān)系代詞which/that。40.arecalled?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。結(jié)合句意“博物館對外開放的部分被稱為展覽館或陳列室”和下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知主語theparts和謂語動詞call之間為被動語態(tài),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。41.is。考查主謂一致。句子主語中心詞為asmallpart,結(jié)合上下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的單數(shù)形式。42.themselves?？疾榇~。根據(jù)句意“參觀者們利用計(jì)算機(jī)模擬,想象著他們生活在歷史上的不同時(shí)期或者行走在熱帶雨林”可知考查imaginesb.doingsth.的結(jié)構(gòu),故填入賓格的人稱代詞。43.walking?？疾榉侵^語動詞。結(jié)合句意和并列連詞or可知此處的walking和前文的living是并列的結(jié)構(gòu)。44.accuracy?？疾槊~。根據(jù)前面的形容詞和后文的謂語動詞is可知此處填入名詞主語。45.for。考查介詞。根據(jù)句意“為得到人們的空閑時(shí)間和錢,博物館要和其他娛樂活動競爭”可知表示目的,故填入介詞for。(2020?浙江高考)話題:農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展詞數(shù):204W難度:★★★Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived56,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson57couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson58huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood59(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology60(change)lives.

Byabout6000BC,people61(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe62(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,63(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.

Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with64riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods65(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.

【答案解析】本文主要介紹了農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展。56.in?？疾榻樵~。theylivedin是定語從句修飾theworld。定語從句中省略了指代theworld的關(guān)系代詞that/which,live是不及物動詞,表示“生活在這個(gè)世界上”,用liveintheworld。57.what?？疾槊~性從句。whatcouldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild是what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作dependon的賓語。what是連接代詞,表示“……東西”,在賓語從句中作主語。58.than?？疾楸容^級。此處指農(nóng)業(yè)比狩獵和采集的人均生產(chǎn)的糧食多。59.wasneeded?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句asmorechildrenwereborn可知此處用一般過去時(shí),主語morefood和need之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。60.tochange。考查非謂語動詞。此處動詞不定式作定語修飾technology。句意:農(nóng)業(yè)讓人們第一次體會到改變生活的科技的力量。61.haddiscovered。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)Byabout6000BC可知,此處用過去完成時(shí)。62.seasons?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。此處指人們知道了隨著季節(jié)的變化進(jìn)行工作。一年有多個(gè)季節(jié),所以用season的復(fù)數(shù)。63.making?？疾榉侵^語動詞。此處making和前面的planting是并列關(guān)系,作方式狀語。64.the。考查冠詞。此處定冠詞特指科學(xué)的振興。65.meant?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知此處用一般過去時(shí)?！?019年】(全國卷Ⅰ)話題:動物保護(hù)詞數(shù):275難度:★★★ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

Modernmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺)thatpopulationsare68(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

【答案解析】本文為科普類說明文,介紹了北極熊的生存現(xiàn)狀。61.that?？疾橥徽Z從句的連接詞。分析句子可知,同位語從句結(jié)構(gòu)意義完整,解釋說明evidence的內(nèi)容,只缺少連接詞,故填that。62.poorly?？疾楦痹~。修飾謂語動詞hasbeenstudied作狀語,應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填poorly。63.of/for?？疾榻樵~。此處表示跟蹤北極熊數(shù)量的現(xiàn)代方法,故填介詞of/for。64.toperform?？疾閯釉~不定式。本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu),后常跟不定式作狀語。65.havereported?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語Inrecentyears可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。66.belief?？疾槊~。空格前為不定冠詞a,空格后為同位語從句,故應(yīng)填名詞belief。67.noting?？疾榉侵^語動詞。根據(jù)空格前的介詞by可知,此處用動名詞形式,故此處填noting。68.higher。考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)空格后thantheyactuallyare可知,應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級,故填higher。69.the?？疾槎ü谠~。此處特指“在已知的19個(gè)北極熊子群種中”,故填定冠詞the。70.are?？疾橹髦^一致。主語為six,表示六個(gè)子群,結(jié)合前一句threearedeclining可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填are。(全國卷Ⅱ)話題:老嫗獲得“年度最佳女性”獎(jiǎng)詞數(shù):229難度:★★閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for61.(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee―stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,62.sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave63.(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.

Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64.(declare)shehadnoplans65.(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66.(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67.becauseIwantto.”

GranddaughterGayleParks,31―whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness―saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon’thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas69.joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s(wonder).”

【答案解析】本文記敘了一位九十歲的老太太獲得“年度最佳女性”獎(jiǎng)的故事。61.being?？疾榻樵~的用法。for為介詞,故其后的動詞應(yīng)用v.-ing形式。62.which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句,且關(guān)系詞在句中替代先行詞thepetshop在從句中作賓語,故用關(guān)系代詞which。63.finally?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)空格出現(xiàn)的位置是助動詞之后實(shí)義動詞之前,可知使用副詞。64.declared?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)從句的謂語動詞had以及上下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知要用一般過去時(shí)。65.toretire。考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意“她沒有退休的計(jì)劃”可知需要用不定式作后置定語修飾plans。66.havemade。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語overtheyears可知本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。67.but?？疾楣潭ù钆?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)句意“我工作不是因?yàn)槲也坏貌还ぷ?而是因?yàn)槲蚁牍ぷ鳌笨芍褂昧斯潭ù钆洹皀ot...but...不是……而是……”。68.saying。考查非謂語動詞。結(jié)合句意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知(say)shewasshort-listed作定語修飾前面的名詞call,且與call之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故使用v.-ing形式。

69.a。考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意“我們以為這是一個(gè)玩笑”,再因?yàn)閖oke為可數(shù)名詞,故用不定冠詞。70.wonderful?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)句意“這真是太好了”可知此處要填入形容詞wonderful。(全國卷Ⅲ)話題:個(gè)人經(jīng)歷詞數(shù):207難度:★★★Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61.hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62.(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.

Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack63.dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64.hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65.(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.

Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting66.(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany67.(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere68.(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we69.(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,70.(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.

【答案解析】本文為記敘文。本文主要講述了“我們”在回家路上遇到大雨,以及后面的經(jīng)歷。61.so?？疾楣潭ù钆洹８鶕?jù)空格后的hard以及其后的that從句可知此處為so+adj./adv.+that從句結(jié)構(gòu),故填so。62.toget?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知howlongitwouldtake...為賓語從句,其中包含著itwouldtakesb.+時(shí)間+todo不定式結(jié)構(gòu),表示做某事花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間,故填toget。63.of?？疾榻樵~。apackof為固定搭配,表示“一群”,故填of。64.who?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals為定語從句,修飾先行詞masters,masters為人,故填who。65.recommended?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)and可知所填詞語與前面的shared構(gòu)成并列謂語結(jié)構(gòu),故填petition?？疾槊~。根據(jù)空格前的interesting可知此處填名詞形式,故填competition。67.traditional?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)空格后的stories可知此處填形容詞形式,故填traditional。68.hugely。考查副詞。根據(jù)空格后的popular可知此處填副詞形式,故填hugely。69.wereinvited?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。本文通篇以一般過去時(shí)為主,故此處填過去時(shí)形式;且根據(jù)空格后的toattend可知此處主語we與invite之間為被動關(guān)系,構(gòu)成sb.beinvitedtodosth.結(jié)構(gòu),故填wereinvited。70.listening?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知句子中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了謂語動詞,且句子中沒有連詞,故所填詞語為非謂語動詞形式,且與其邏輯主語we之間為主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語,故填listening。此題也可根據(jù)后面meeting可知此處所填詞語與meeting之間構(gòu)成并列的伴隨狀語。(浙江6月卷)話題:校服詞數(shù):205難度:★★Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody56.(have)toworryaboutfashion(時(shí)尚).Everybodywears57.samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth58.givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor59.(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan60.(easy)seethem.

Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer61.thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents’grades(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn’twant63.(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno64.(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperfor