-將來時的六種表達(dá)法

——將來時的六種表達(dá)法——將來時的六種表達(dá)法——將來時的六種表達(dá)法xxx公司——將來時的六種表達(dá)法文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度將來時的六種表達(dá)法will/shalldo(will可用于第一、二、三人稱，shall只用于第一人稱)(1)這種將來意義常常夾雜著情態(tài)意義，即帶有說話人的主觀態(tài)度和看法。Youwillfailthetestifyoudon’tworkhard.(2)有時既表示將來，也含有“意愿”或“意圖”。.Iwillmeetyouat6o’clock.(3)在疑問句中will/shall還可用來征詢聽話人的“意圖”。.Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening？

.---Willyoumarryme---Yes,Iwill.

特別提示:1).will可表示根據(jù)當(dāng)時的情況，臨時所做的打算。Wangisillinhospital.----Oh,I’llgoandseehim.youtellJuliaabouttheresult-----Oh,no,IhernowbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall2.)表單純將來的will通常不用于時間，條件，讓步狀語從句，而是用一般現(xiàn)在時代替。If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中使用will不表將來，而表意愿。tellhimthetruthifIseehimtomorrow.youwilllistentome,I’lltellyouthetruth.2.Ifyou__foranothertenminutes,MrBrownwillbehere.waitgoingtowaitabouttowaitwaiting3)won’t可表示拒絕做某事，用于物時，好像無生命的物體有了意志力。Thedoorwon’tshut.Thecarwon’tstart.（這輛車開不動。）goingtodo(1)表示“意圖”，即打算在將來做某事。.I’mgoingtoplaybasketballafterschool.

Theyaregoingtomarrynextmonth.I’mgoingtobeadoctor.

(2)表示“預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明要發(fā)生某種情況。.Theskyissodark.It’sgoingtorain.△will/shalldo和begoingtodo(1)兩者都可表示“意圖”，有時兩者可以互換使用。.Iwon’ttellhimaboutit.=I’mnotgoingtotellhimaboutit.

(2)表示“意圖”時，begoingtodo表示的“意圖”通常是事先經(jīng)過考慮的，而will/shalldo所表示的“意圖”則是說話時臨時想到的，因此在某些特定的語境中，兩者不可互換使用。

.---I’mgoingtoplaybasketballafterschool.---ReallyIwillgowithyou.

doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的基本用法：a.表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時)正在發(fā)生的事情。Wearewaitingforyou.我們正在等你。b.表示現(xiàn)階段暫時的情況，說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。WhatareyoudoingrecentlyMr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在寫另一部小說。(說話時并未在寫,只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)c.表示發(fā)展中的或正在改變的情況，如：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。Theleavesareturningred.葉子在變紅。It’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越來越熱了。d.與always,constantly,forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩（贊成、討厭、生氣等情緒）。Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改變主意?！鬟@一結(jié)構(gòu)的主要意義是表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常用于表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，如：go,come,leave,start,arrive等，也可用于其它動態(tài)動詞1)come,go,stay,arrive,leave等詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時經(jīng)常用于表示將來確切的計劃。2)表示交通方式、行程安排的動詞，例如fly,walk,ride,drive,take(abus,ataxi)等的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時也經(jīng)常用于表示將來。注意:英語中一些表“狀態(tài)和感官”的動詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時：用法和單詞例句表存在或位置:be,lie,standJapanliestotheeastofChina.表所屬:have,own,possess,belongto,fit,suitTaiwanbelongstoChina.Whoownsthisland表知覺:see,hear,smell,taste,sound,look,feel,seem,appearIsmellthedinnercooking.Heseemsquitehappy.表認(rèn)識、信仰、意見、懷疑、猜測、希望:know,think,understand,doubt,suppose,hope,wishHedoubtswhetheryouwillfindyourlostpenagain.表喜歡、反對、仇恨、厭惡:love,like,prefer,mind,hate,want,dislike,envyWeloveourmotherlanddeeply.Theyenvyhergoodfortune..Theplaneistakingoffat5:30.Howareyougoingthere------byairorbytrain？

△begoingtodo和bedoing

(1)begoingtodo和bedoing都可表示決定要做某事，兩者在某些語境中可以互換使用。

.Wearehavingfishforsupper.=Wearegoingtohavefishforsupper.

Weareleavingsoon.=Wearegoingtoleavesoon.I’mtakingmystudentstotheparkonnextSunday.=I’mgoingtotakemystudentstotheparkonnextSunday.

(2)如果動詞為come或go，在表示將來時，常用bedoing結(jié)構(gòu)。.We’regoingtoShanghainextweek.(to是介詞)

4.betodo(常用于通知，規(guī)定，正式的命令或指示)

(1)表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常見于報紙和廣播，用以宣布官方的計劃或決定。

.TheQueenistovisitVietnamnextmonth.

(2)表示命令、禁止（否定式）,吩咐，約定,必然等。.Sinceyou’vedonesomethingwrong,youaretostandhere.Ifyouarelate,youaretostandoutsidethedoor.Tellherthatsheisnottobebacklate.Thesepillsarenottobetakenwithanyotherformofmedicine.特別提示:此結(jié)構(gòu)常用于if從句中，表示只有主句的行為發(fā)生后，if條件句中的情況才能成為可能。Ifamanistosucceed,hemustworkveryhard.IfBritishtennisistoreachworldstandardagain,bothmoremoneyandmorecommitmentwillbenecessary.△bedoing和betodo都可以表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的事態(tài)，兩者常?？苫Q，但betodo較常用于正式語體。abouttodo

剛要做某事，正要做某事。表示非常近的將來，不與表將來的時間副詞連用。.Heisabouttoleave.

注意：不可以說Heisabouttoleavetomorrow.

△beabouttodo…when…：正要做……，這時…….Hewasabouttostartwhenitrained.

Iwasabouttolockthedoorwhenthetelephonerang.

6.一般現(xiàn)在時

(1)用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時間，常見于條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中。.I’lltellheraboutitifshecomes.

I’llgiveittoyouafterIreturn.I’llcallyouassoonasIarrive.

(2)在主句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時間通常指按照時間表或既定日程一定會發(fā)生的將來事態(tài),常出現(xiàn)在時間表，日程表，或節(jié)目單中，go,come,leave,start,stay,return,begin,takeoff等。Thetrainleavesat8o’clock.

.TomorrowisSunday.Sheretiresnextyear.Whendoyoutakeyournextexam？

△一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時間所暗示的計劃比較客觀，因而更具有不可變易性，而且一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時間在口氣上也比較正式

練習(xí)：1.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane_____.

A.takesoffB.istakingoffC.hastakenoffD.tookoff2.—Areyoustillbusy—Yes,I______mywork,anditwon’ttakelong.A.justfinishB.amjustfinishingC.havejustfinishedD.amjustgoingtofinish3.－Whatwouldyoudoifit_____tomorrow－Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining4.---DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult---Oh,no,Iforgot.Ihernow.A.willbecallingB.willcall C.call D.amtocall5.IwillvisityouifFather______me.A.let B.lets C.isletting D.willlet6.Lookout!Thattree_____falldown.A.isgoingto B.willbe C.shall D.would7.Myuncle_____toseeme.He'llbeheresoon.A.comes B.iscoming C.hadcome D.came8."When______schoolbegin" "NextMonday."A.has B.does C.did D.isgoingto9.EverytimeI_____there,Iwillbuyhimsomethingnice.A.went B.willgo C.go D.havegone10.Wewon'tgounlessyou______soon.A.hadcome B.came C.willcome D.come11.TheairlinerfromBeijing_____at3:00A.isabouttoarriveB.hasarrived C.arrives D.isgoingtoarrive12.Idon'tknowwhenhe______,butwhenhe______,I'llletyouknow.A.willcome/comesB.comes/willcome C.comes/comes D.willcome/willcome13.---I’mgoingtotheStates---Howlong___you___intheStatesA.are;stayedB.are;stayingC.have;stayedD.did;stay14.I’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I____mymum.amtakingB.havetakenC.takeD.willhavetake15.Ithinkitisnecessaryformy19-year-oldsontohavehisownmobilephone,forIsometimeswanttomakesureifhe____homeforeB.hascomeC.willcomeD.comes16.---You’veleftthelighton.---Oh,Ihave.___andturnitoff.IgoB.I’vegoneC.I’llgoD.I’mgoing17.---Isthisraincoatyours.---No,mine____therebehindthedoor.A.ishangingB.hashungC.hangsD.hung18.---What’sthatterriblenoise---Theneighbours____foraparty.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepareD.willprepare19.Becausetheshop____,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprices.hascloseddownB.closeddownC.isclosingdownD.hadcloseddown20.---CanIjointheclub,Dad---Youcanwhenyou___abitold.getB.willgetC.aregettingD.willhavegot21.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho___forthespoiledchild.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblame22.---Areyoustillbusy---Yes,I____mywork,anditwon’ttakelong.justfinishB.amjustfinishingC.havejustfinishedD.amjustgoingtofinish23.---Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon---I’mgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm___quiteearly,sowe___tothebookstoreafterthat.;aregoingB.finished;goC.finishes;aregoingD.finishes;go24.Sheopenedhereyesandwasabouttocryout______sheheardherfatherurgentlytellinghertokeepquiet.headache_____me.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butnowit’sgettingworseandworse.A.iskillingB.killsC.killedD.haskilled26.MymoneymustgotothebanktodrawsomeofmysavingsoutbeforeI’venoneinhand.runoutrunningoutbeenrunoutD.isbeingrunoutup!Thetrain___________.Youknowit_______at8:30am.;leavesB,isleaving;leavesC.Leaves;isleavingD,isleaving;isleaving28.-----Anny,you_____booksabout.Look,whatamessinyourstudy!----Sorry,won’tdothatagain.alwaysthrownthrowC.arealwaysthrowingD.alwaysthrewisofftoHongKongtomorrow.----Who_____himoffseeingseenD.hadseen30.Iamsorry.Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.----Nevermind.I_____itmyselfthisafternoon.postinggoingtopostC.willpostD.amabouttopost31.IwillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimeI___-fromtheuniversitynextyear.graduateB.willhavegraduatedC.graduateD.istograduatedoor_____lockedwhenyougoout.toB.betotobe33.Oilandwater______mix.A.won’t’tC.don’tD.are’tcanIapplyforanonlinecourse------Justfilloutthisformandwe____whatwecandoforyou.A.seeB.areseeingseenD.willsee35.Atthistimetomorrow____overtheAtlantic.(2003北京)

A.we’regoingtoflyB.we’llbeflyingC.we’llflyD.we’retoflyI’mgoingtotheStates--Howlong___you___intheStatesA.are;stayedB.are;stayingC.have;stayedD.did;stay37.4.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology____sorapidly.willchangeB.haschangeC.willhavechangedD.ischanging38.Atthistimetomorrow,____overtheAtlantic.A.we’regoingtoflyB.we’llbeflyingC.we’llflyD.we’retofly39.----Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse----Notyet.Therooms___.A.arebeingpaintingB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainteddon’treallyworkhere;I___untilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpouteffortstoincreasewheatproductionmustbemadeifbreadshortage_____avoided.A.willbeB.canbeC.weretobeD.istobe______anEnglisheveningnextSaturday.A.willhavetohaveC.isgoingtohaveD.isgoingtobeyearmylittlesister_____tenyearsold.tobegoingtobeC.isabouttobeD.willbeatthe’scarryingtoomuch.He_____allthoseplates.havedroppedB.willbedroppingC.isdroppingD.isgoingtodropisthefirsttimetha