2022年考研考博-考博英語-復(fù)旦大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)26

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-復(fù)旦大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thecandidatehasanimpressively（

）rangeofinterestsandexperience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverse

B.vivid

C.mobile

D.alive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。diverse“不同的，多種多樣的”；vivid“生動(dòng)的，鮮明的”；mobile“機(jī)動(dòng)的，易變的”；alive“活著的，活潑的”。句意：這位候選人有著多樣的興趣和經(jīng)歷。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Thetrainfromthecapitalwasderailedlastnightinthemountainarea,butfortunatelytherewereno（）,policesaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.catastrophes

B.cataracts

C.casualties

D.caprices

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。catastrophe“大災(zāi)難”；cataract“大瀑布，洪水”；casualty“傷亡人員”；caprice“任性，反復(fù)無常；隨想曲”。句意：昨晚，從首都出發(fā)的火車在山區(qū)脫離軌道，慶幸的是沒有人員傷亡。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Wheneveracamerawaspointedather,Marilynwouldinstantly（）herselfintoaradiantstar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transport

B.transfer

C.transform

D.transgress

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。transport“運(yùn)輸”；transfer“使轉(zhuǎn)移”；transform“改變，使轉(zhuǎn)換”；transgress“違法，侵犯”。句意：無論何時(shí)只要攝影機(jī)對(duì)著她，Marilyn會(huì)立刻變成璀璨的明星。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Sheworegloveswhenshewasgardeningtopreventthenettlesfrom_____her.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flicking

B.striking

C.stinging

D.flapping

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。flicking“閃爍”；striking“打擊，罷工”；stinging“刺痛”；flapping“拍打”。句意：當(dāng)她打理花園時(shí)，會(huì)戴手套，以防蕁麻刺痛自己。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Toourgreatdelight,yesterdaywereceiveda（n）（）donationfromabenefactor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.handsome

B.awesome

C.miserly

D.prodigal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。handsome“英俊的，大方的”；awesome“令人敬畏的，可怕的；極好的”；miserly“吝嗇的，貪婪的”；prodigal“揮霍的，十分慷慨的”。句意：令我們高興的是，昨天我們收到了一位捐助者大量的捐助物。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.翻譯題

世界博覽會(huì)是展示人類靈感和思想的長(zhǎng)廊。自從1851年在倫敦舉辦的“萬國工業(yè)博覽會(huì)”，世界博覽會(huì)作為經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技和文化的盛大交流活動(dòng)，取得了日益重大的意義。它是一個(gè)重要的平臺(tái)，在此之上各國展示發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，交流創(chuàng)新理念，發(fā)揚(yáng)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，共同展望未來。

中國有著悠久的文明，一直促進(jìn)國際交流并熱愛世界和平。中國贏得2010年世界博覽會(huì)，靠的是國際社會(huì)對(duì)中國改革開放的支持和信心。本次博覽會(huì)將會(huì)是第一個(gè)在發(fā)展中國家舉辦的世博會(huì)，這也寄予了全球人民對(duì)中國未來發(fā)展的美好期待。

2010年世博會(huì)將著重探討21世紀(jì)城市生活的潛力。預(yù)計(jì)在2010年將有55%的世界人口居住在城市。未來的城市生活，是全球關(guān)注的話題。作為第一個(gè)以城市為主題的博覽會(huì)，2010年博覽會(huì)將會(huì)吸引世界各國政府和人民關(guān)注“更美好的城市，更美好的生活”的主題。

2010年世博會(huì)也將會(huì)成為一次國際盛會(huì)。我們將促使更多國家和人們參與，獲得他們的支持和理解，使2010世博會(huì)成為全世界人民的歡樂聚會(huì)。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【答案】WorldExpositionisgalleriesofhumaninspirationsandthoughts.AftertheGreatExhibitionof1851inLondon,theWorldExpositionhasachievedgreatsignificanceasagrandeventforeconomy,technologyandcultureexchanges.Itservesasanimportantplatformfordisplayinghistoricalexperience,exchanginginnovativeideas,developingteamspiritandlookingintothefuture.

China,withalonghistoryofcivilization,promotesinternationalexchangeandlovesworldpeace.ChinaowesitssuccessfulbidfortheWorldExpositionin2010totheinternationalcommunity’ssupportandconfidenceinitsreformandopening-up.TheExpositionwillbethefirstregisteredWorldExpositioninadevelopingcountry,whichwinsglobalpeople’sexpectationsforChina’sfuture.

ShanghaiWorldExpo2010willfocusonthefullpotentialofurbanlifeinthe21stcentury.Fifty-fivepercentoftheworldpopulationisexpectedtoliveincitiesbytheyearof2010.Theprospectoffutureurbanlifeisatopicofglobalinterest.Beingthefirstoneonthethemeofcity,ShanghaiWorldExpowillattractgovernmentsandpeopleallovertheworldtofocusingonthetheme“BetterCity,BetterLife”.

ShanghaiWorldExpo2010willbeagrandinternationalgathering.WewillputShanghaiExpo2010inaglobalperspectiveanddoourbesttoencouragetheparticipationandgaintheunderstandingandsupportofvariouscountriesandpeople,inordertoturnShanghaiWorldExpointoahappyreunionofpeoplefromallovertheworld.

7.單選題

_______nothingmoretosay,themangottohisfeet,saidgoodbyeandlefttheroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Therewas

B.Astherebeing

C.Being

D.Therebeing

【答案】D

【解析】考查therebe句型。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的獨(dú)立主格的用法。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意：男子沒有多說什么，起身道別，離開了房間。

8.單選題

Itwasverydifficulttofindthepartsneededtodothejobbecauseofthe（）waythestorewasorganized.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.logical

B.haphazard

C.orderly

D.tidy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。logical“有邏輯的”；haphazard“偶然的；隨意的”；orderly“有秩序的”；tidy“整潔的”。句意：找到這個(gè)工作所需要的零件很難，因?yàn)樯痰陻[放的方式很隨意。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

Pioneermenandwomenenduredterriblehardships,and（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.neitherdidthechildren

B.sodotheirchildren

C.alsothechildren

D.sodidtheirchildren

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝句的用法。前面一句是過去式的肯定句，后面用so提前進(jìn)行倒裝，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.填空題

NowwhenIhadmasteredthelanguageofthiswater,andhadcometoknoweverytriflingfeaturesthatborderedthegreatriverasfamiliarlyasIknewthelettersofthealphabet,Ihadmadeavaluableacquisition.ButIhadlostsomethingtoo.Ihadlostsomethingwhichcouldneverbe（1）tomewhileIlived.Allthegrace,thebeauty,thepoetryhadgoneoutofthemajesticriver!Istillkeepin（2）acertainwonderfulsunsetwhichIwitnessedwhensteam-boatingwasnewtome.Abroadexpanseoftheriverwasturnedtoblood;inthemiddledistancetheredhuebrightenedintogold,（3）whichasolitarylogcamefloatingblackandconspicuous,inoneplacealong,slantingmarklaysparkinguponthewater;in（4）thesurfacewasbrokenbyboiling,tumblingrings,thatwereasmany-tintedasanopal;（5）theruddyflushwasfaintest,wasasmoothspotthatwascoveredwithgracefulcirclesandradiatinglines,eversodelicatelytraced;theshore（6）ourleftwasdenselywoodedandthesombershadowthat（7）fromthisforestwasbrokeninoneplacebyalong,ruffledtrailthatshonelikesilver;andhigh（8）theforestwallaclean-stemmeddeadtreewavedasingleleafyboughthatglowedlikeaflameintheunobstructedsplendorthatwasflowingfromthesun.Thereweregracefulcurves,reflectedimages,softdistances;andoverthewholescene,（9）andnear,thedissolvinglightsdriftedsteadilyenriching（10）everypassingmomentwithnewmarvelsofcoloring.

【答案】1.restored

2.mind

3.through

4.another

5.where

6.on

7.fell

8.above

9.far

10.it

【解析】1.考查上下文理解。句意：我失去了一些在有生之年永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再得到的東西。所以空格處應(yīng)該填寫restored。

2.考查前后邏輯和固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知是作者仍然記得落日的美，keepinmind“記住”。

3.考查定語從句，形式為介詞+which，根據(jù)前后文，空格處應(yīng)該填through。

4.考查前后邏輯?？崭裉幩诘那耙痪涑霈F(xiàn)了inoneplace，可知空格處應(yīng)該是提到另一個(gè)地方，所以填another。

5.考查主語從句。空格處需要填寫一個(gè)詞來引導(dǎo)主語從句，where符合題意。

6.考查介詞的用法?？崭裉幩诘木渥诱f的是“我們左邊的河岸”。onourleft“在我們左邊”。

7.考查動(dòng)詞的用法。空格處所在的句子說的是“樹林里投下來的影子”。fall“落下，掉下”符合題意。此處采用的是過去時(shí)態(tài)，所以填fell。

8.考查介詞的用法?？崭裉幩诘木渥诱f的是“在高高的林墻上面”。above”在……上方”。

9.考查固定搭配。farandnear“到處”。

10.考查代詞的用法?？崭裉幩诘木渥诱f的是“落日的余暉正在慢慢消逝，向大地展現(xiàn)神奇的光芒?！贝颂幪頸t。

11.單選題

MarywasashyWomanandtook______behindaratherforbiddingbluntnessofmanner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuge

B.kindness

C.fright

D.appearance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。refuge“避難”；kindness“好意”；fright“驚嚇”；appearance“外貌”。句意：瑪麗是一個(gè)害羞的女人，遇到令人害怕的直率行為就趕緊躲避。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

He’scolor-blindandcan’t（

）thedifferencebetweenredandgreeneasily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detect

B.discover

C.distinguish

D.determine

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。detect“偵查，發(fā)現(xiàn)”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；distinguish“區(qū)分，辨別”；determine“下決心”。句意：他是個(gè)色盲，他不能輕易區(qū)分紅色與綠色。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

SnowbegantofallataboutthebeginningoftheNewYearandcontinuedonandofffor（）tendays.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appropriately

B.exceedingly

C.approximately

D.apprehensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。appropriately“適當(dāng)?shù)兀线m地”；exceedingly“極其，非?！?；approximately“大約，近似地”；apprehensively“擔(dān)心地”。句意：在新年即將開始的時(shí)候，雪開始下，一直持續(xù)了大約十天。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Allthequestions（

）aroundwhatshehadbeendoingonthenightoftherobbery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dissolved

B.revolved

C.evolved

D.devolved

【答案】B

【解析】考查形似動(dòng)詞辨析。dissolved“使溶解，使溶化”；revolved“旋轉(zhuǎn)；循環(huán)出現(xiàn)；反復(fù)考慮”，revolvearound意為“圍繞……，以……為中心”；evolved“發(fā)展，進(jìn)化”；devolved“轉(zhuǎn)移，移交”。句意：所有的問題都圍繞著搶劫的當(dāng)晚她在做什么。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto（）yourthirst?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quench

B.quell

C.quash

D.quieten

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。quench“壓制，抑制，止（渴）”；quell“鎮(zhèn)壓，平息，壓制”；quash“取消；廢除；鎮(zhèn)壓”；quieten“安靜，撫慰”。句意：用杯橙汁來止渴怎么樣？選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

Youcouldbe（

）manydangersbytravelingaloneinthatarea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subjectto

B.immuneto

C.sensitiveto

D.resistantto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。besubjectto“受支配，從屬于，常遭受……”；beimmuneto“對(duì)……有免疫力”；besensitiveto“對(duì)……感到敏感；靈敏”；beresistantto“抵抗……的，對(duì)……有反抗作用的”。句意：你一個(gè)人去那個(gè)地方旅游將面臨很多危險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

17.單選題

Wehadn’tmetfornearly20years,butIrecognizedhim_____Isawhiminthestreet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theminutethat

B.theminutewhen

C.atatimewhen

D.atatimethat

【答案】A

【解析】考查theminutethat句型。句意：我們將近二十年沒見過面了，但是當(dāng)我在街上遇見他的那一刻我就認(rèn)出了他。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.單選題

Therainlookedasifithad（）forthenight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setoff

B.setup

C.setout

D.setin

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。setoff“出發(fā)，動(dòng)身”；setup“豎立，建造”；setout“出發(fā)，開始”；setin“開始，到來，流行”。句意：這雨好像從晚上就開始了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Inthemovieheplaysalovingand（）fathertryingtobringuptwoteenagechildrenonhisown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitive

B.senseless

C.sensual

D.sensuous

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的”；senseless“愚蠢的，無知的”；sensual“感覺的；肉欲的”；sensuous“感覺上的，感官的”。句意：在電影中他扮演了一個(gè)有愛而又敏感的父親，他要獨(dú)自一人撫養(yǎng)兩個(gè)孩子。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofwork

B.outofstock

C.outofreach

D.outofpractice

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。outofwork“失業(yè)的”；outofstock“無現(xiàn)貨的，無庫存的”；outofreach“夠不著”；outofpractice“久不練習(xí)，荒廢”。句意：很遺憾的告訴你，你預(yù)定的材料沒有現(xiàn)貨了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

21.單選題

Everytimeanoldbuildingistomdowninthiscountry,andanewbuildinggoesup,thegroundfloorbecomesabank.

Thereasonforthisisthatbanksaretheonlyoneswhocanaffordtherentforthegroundfloorofthenewbuildingsgoingup.Besides,whenbankloanssomeonemoneytobuildanewbuilding,itusuallytakesanoptionforthestreet-floorfacilities.

Mostpeopledon’tthinkthereisanythingwrongwiththisandtheyacceptitaspartoftheAmericanfree-enterprisesystem.ButthereisasmallgroupofpeopleinthiscountrywhoarefightingforBankBirthControl.

ThisishowHuddlestoneHubbard,theBBC’schairman,explainedit.

“Wheneveryouseeanoldbuildingtomdown，”Hubbardsaid,“youusuallyseeacandystore,adrycleaner,adelicatessen,andpossiblyafloristtomdownwithit.Theseshopsareallreplacedinthenewbuildingswithabeautifulglass,aluminum,wall-towall-carpetedmoneyfactor.”

“Nowfromanaestheticviewpoint,abanklooksbetterthanafrycleaner,acandystore,adelicatessenandaflorist.Butfromapracticalpointofview,it’sasheerdisaster.Ifyouwantanewspaper,acandybarorachocolatemilkshake,youcan’tgetitabank.NorcanyourunouttoabankforapoundofSwisscheeseandasix-packofbeerwhenhaveguestscomingover.

“Abankisgreatifyouwanttobuyacar,butit’suselessifyouwanttohaveyourdresscleaned.”

“Andwhileabankmightbuyflowerstogiveitselfahumanimage,itdoesn’tsellanywhenyouwanttomakeupwithyourwife.”

“Whatyou’resayingthen,Mr.Hubbard,isthateverytimeabankgoesup,somethinginallofusdies.”

“Exactly.Oneofthereasonskidsaregettinginsomuchtroublethesedaysisthattherearecandystorestohangaroundanymore.Whenteardownadelicatessen,thetangysmellofpotatosalad,cornedbeefanddillpicklesarelostforever.Unlessyou’retryingtomakealoan,nooneeversalivatesinabank.”

“Itistrue,”Isaid.

“Thesituationismorecrucialthananyonethinks,”Hubbardsaid,“attheratethey’retearingdownconsumerstoresandreplacingthemwithbanks,weestimatethatintenyearsitwillbeimpossibletobuyaloafofbreadinthecountry.Whatgoodisittoget7percentonyourmoneyifyoustarvetodeath?”

“Thenwhatyou’resayingisthatitisn’taquestionofnottakingitwithyou.It’squestionofstayingalivewhileyouhaveit，”Isaid.

“Somethinglikethat，”Hubbardagreed.“We’retryingtogetthepublictowakeuptoafactthatit’sbettertohaveastorethatsellsscrewdriversthanabankthatgivesawayalarmclocks.”

“What’sthesolution?”

“Agovernmentdecreethatabankhastosupplythesameservicesofthestoresittoredownonthesameproperty.Ifit’sabakery,theyhavetosellcake,ifit’saphotographyshop,theyhavetodevelopfilms,andifit’sadry-goodsstore,theyhavetosellwarmunderwear.Iftheyprovidetheservicesofthestorestheytoredown,thenwe’llletthemdoalittlemoneylendingontheside.”

1.Thecentralthemeoftheessayis（）

2.Thisessayiswritteninatoneof（）.

3.Theauthortalksaboutthe“BankBirthControl”groupbecause（）.

4.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardsmallneighborhoodstoresisthatthey（）.

5.Theauthormakeshispointbyusing（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Practicallyeverynewcommercialbuildingerectedtodayisownedbyabank.

B.Banksareattemptingtodrivesmallmerchantsoutofservice.

C.Newbanksarenotassetstoaneighborhoodinspiteoftheirattractiveappearance.

D.Byoccupyinggroundfloorspaceinnewbuildings,banksarereplacingneighborhoodshoppingconveniences.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.humorousexaggeration

B.humorousunderstatement

C.seriousanger

D.seriousfearofthefuture

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisthenameofarealgroup

B.hehopestobecomeitspresident

C.heisbeinghumoroustomakehispoint

D.heisinfavorofallkindsofbirthcontrol

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aredirty

B.areconvenientandcolorful

C.shouldbereplacedbybanks

D.shouldbecomesupermarkets

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.satire

B.drama

C.romance

D.poetry

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:文章第一段是本文的中心段落，當(dāng)舊的建筑物被拆除，新的建筑物新建后，一樓都變成了銀行，很多商店比如糖果店、干洗店、熟食店、花店等都被新建筑取代了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第2題:文章主要提到了HuddlestoneHubbard的觀點(diǎn)，多處以幽默的方式陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)，但是并沒有夸張的成分，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:文章第三段ButthereisasmallgroupofpeopleinthiscountrywhoarefightingforBankBirthControl提到但仍有一小部分人為了控制銀行的產(chǎn)生而奮斗。這里作者用group來形容這一群人，實(shí)際上是以一種幽默的方式來表明這一部分人的人數(shù)之少。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第4題:文章從第8段到第10段主要講述其他商店能夠給人們帶來的便利而銀行不可以。作者在第11段給了自己的觀點(diǎn):“It’strue”。說明作者認(rèn)同上一段的觀點(diǎn)，即小社區(qū)商店方便又豐富多彩。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第5題:作者采用幽默諷刺的手法表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。比如第12段提到attheratethey’retearingdownconsumerstoresandreplacingthemwithbanks,weestimatethatintenyearsitwillbeimpossibletobuyaloafofbreadinthecountry“以他們現(xiàn)在拆商店然后用銀行代替的速度來看，估計(jì)十年后在這個(gè)國家很難找到一片面包”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

22.單選題

Theworkerschoseto（

）theirdissatisfactioninaseriesofstrikes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliver

B.offer

C.manifest

D.indicate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。deliver“交付；發(fā)表”；offer“提供；出價(jià)”；manifest“證明，表明”；indicate”預(yù)示，象征”。句意：工人們選擇用罷工來表明他們的不滿。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

23.單選題

We’reinanerawhencomputerhackersarestealingcredit-cardnumbersandothertechnologicallyadeptcriminalsare（）nationalborders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transplanting

B.transgressing

C.transforming

D.transmitting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。transplanting“移植”；transgressing“違反，違法，越界”；transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitting“傳遞，傳送”。句意：我們處在電腦黑客盜取信用卡密碼，其他技術(shù)犯罪不斷侵犯國界的一個(gè)時(shí)代。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

24.單選題

Inherbrightyellowcoat,shewaseasily（

）inthecrowed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accessible

B.identifiable

C.negligible

D.incredible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。accessible“易接近的，可進(jìn)入的”；identifiable“可辨認(rèn)的，可認(rèn)明的”；negligible“微不足道的，可以忽略的”；incredible“難以置信的，驚人的”。句意：她穿著亮黃色的外套，在人群中很容易被認(rèn)出來。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

25.單選題

Mrs.Brownissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toleave

B.tobeleaving

C.tohaveleft

D.tohavebeenleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查suppose的用法。時(shí)間狀語是lastweek，說明是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的時(shí)間，所以應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)，Brown女士是主動(dòng)離開，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

26.翻譯題

隨著中世紀(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的崩潰和現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)方式的興起，勞動(dòng)的意義和作用發(fā)生了根本性的變化，這在新教國家表現(xiàn)的尤為突出。因?yàn)槿藢?duì)剛剛獲得的自由感到不知所措，心里老是想著如何以一種狂熱的活動(dòng)來消除自己的疑慮和恐懼。這種活動(dòng)無論成功或是失敗都將決定他的靈魂能否獲救，表明他是靈魂得救者。勞動(dòng)本身不再能給人帶來滿足感和快樂，而是變成了一種責(zé)任和強(qiáng)迫性的活動(dòng)。勞動(dòng)致富的可能性越大，勞動(dòng)就越會(huì)成為純粹獲得財(cái)富和成功的一種手段。用麥克斯?韋伯的話來說，在“內(nèi)心深處追名逐利的苦行主義”的體系中，勞動(dòng)變成了主要的因素，成了解決人的孤單和封閉感的一種辦法。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【答案】WiththecollapsingofthestructureofMiddleAgesandtherisingofthemodernproductionmodel,thefundamentalchangeshavetakenplaceinthesignificanceandfunctionoflabor,whichisparticularlyoutstandingintheProtestantcountries,becausepeoplefeeloverwhelmedbythefreedomtheyhavejustobtained,andkeepwonderinghowtoeliminatetheirowndoubtsandfearsinacrazyactivity.Whetheritissuccessfulornot,thisactivitywilldeterminewhetherhissoulcanberescuedanddemonstratethatheorsheistheonewhosesoulhasbeensavedortheonelost.Laboritselfcannotbringsatisfactionandhappinesstopeopleanylonger,butithasbecomeakindofresponsibilityandcompulsiveactivity.Thegreaterthechanceofmakingfortunebyworkingis,themorechanceoflaborbecomingawayofpurelyobtainingwealthandsuccess.JustasMaxWebersays,inthesystemof“autoeroticismofseekingfameandgaininginthedepthofone’sheart”,thelaborhasbecomethemainfactorandthesolutiontothelonelinessandself-closingofpeople.

27.單選題

Theaimofmakingself-criticismforthemistakeistohelpus______sothatweshallnotrepeatthemlater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.showoff

B.holdout

C.measureup

D.soberup

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。showoff“炫耀”；holdout“主張”；measureup“合格”；soberup“（使）清醒”。句意：對(duì)錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行自我批評(píng)是為了讓我們更加清醒，不再重蹈覆轍。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

28.單選題

Hesawuniversityasacommunityofscholars,wherestudentswere（

）byteachersintoanappreciationofdifferentphilosophicalapproaches.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extracted

B.deducted

C.inducted

D.conducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。extracted“提取”；deducted“扣除，減去；演繹”；inducted“引導(dǎo)；感應(yīng)”；conducted“管理，引導(dǎo)；表現(xiàn)”。induct和conduct都有“引導(dǎo)”的意思，但是前者有教授知識(shí)的意味，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

29.單選題

Suddenlythedailyfearanduncertainty（）intofull-scaleterror,andtheshipechoedwithscreams.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evaporated

B.escalated

C.evacuated

D.exaggerated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。evaporate“蒸發(fā)，使脫水”；escalate“升級(jí)”；evacuate”疏散，撤出”；exaggerate“夸張，夸大”。句意：突然，平時(shí)的恐懼和不確定性升級(jí)為徹底的恐懼，船上回響著尖叫聲。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

30.單選題

Herremarkablesuccessasarockstarispartlyduetoherabilityto（）themedia.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mandate

B.meditate

C.manifest

D.manipulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。mandate“授權(quán)，托管”；meditate“考慮，計(jì)劃，企圖”；manifest“證明，表示”；manipulate“操作，巧妙處理”。句意：她作為一個(gè)搖滾明星取得的杰出成就在于她有能力巧妙處理媒體。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

31.單選題

Analystshavehadtheirgoathumor,andIhavereadsomeofthisinterpretativeliterature,butwithoutbeinggreatlyinstructed.Humorcanbedissected,asafrogcan,butthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsarediscouragingtoanybutthepurescientificmind.

InanewsreeltheatretheotherdayIsawapictureofamanwhohaddevelopedthesoapbubbletoahigherpointthanithadeverbeforereached.HehadbecametheacesoapbubbleblowerofAmerica,hadperfectedthebusinessofblowingbubbles,refinedit,doubledit,squaredit,andhadevenworkedhimselfupintoaconvenientlather.Theeffectwasnotpretty.Someofthebubblesweretoobigtobebeautiful,andtheblowerwasalwaysjumpingintothemoroutofthem,orplayingsomesortofunattractivetrickwiththem.Itwas,ifanything,aratherrepulsivesight.Humorisalittlelikethat:itwon’tstandmuchblowingup,anditwon’tstandmuchpoking.Ithasacertainfragility,anevasiveness,whichonehadbestrespect.Essentially,itisacompletemystery.Ahumanframeconvulsedwithlaughter,andthelaughterbecominghystericalanduncontrollable,isasfaroutofbalanceasoneshakenwiththehiccoughsorinthethroesofasneezingfit.

Oneofthethingscommonlysaidabouthumoristsisthattheyarereallyverysadpeople—clownwithabreakingheart.Thereissometruthinit,butitisbadlystated.Itwouldbemoreaccurate,Ithink,tosaythatthereisadeepveinofmelancholyrunningthrougheveryone’slifeandthatthehumorist,perhapsmoresensibleofitthansomeothers,compensatesforitactivelyandpositively.Humoristsfattenontrouble.Theyhavealwaysmadetroublepay.Theystrugglealongwithagoodwillandendurepaincheerfully,knowinghowwellitwillservetheminthesweetbyandby.Youfindthemwrestlingwithforeignlanguages,fightingfoldingironingboardsandswollendrainpipes,sufferingtheterriblediscomfortoftightboots(orasJoshBillingwittilycalledthem,“tite”boots).Theypourouttheirsorrowsprofitably，inaformthatisnotquitefictionnorquitefacteither.Beneaththesparklingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrongtideofhumanwoe.

1.Thecentralthemeofthisessayis:（）

2.ThemainideaofParagraph2is:（）

3.Whydoestheauthorfeelthatwhenhumorisdissected,itdiesintheprocess?（）

4.Theword“melancholy”inParagraph3probablymeans（）.

5.Inhisfinalsentence,theauthorisevokinganimageof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereislittlehumorinoldnewsreel.

B.Humorcanbedissectedlikeafrog.

C.Humorisessentiallyamystery,andbecausehumoristsaremoreawareofmelancholy,theyseemsadderthanmostpeople.

D.Humoristsneedtocompensateforthepaintheyhavesuffered.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthoroncesawapictureofthelargestsoapbubbleevermade.

B.Thebubbleblowingperformancewasarepulsivesight.

C.Humorisfragile.

D.Laughterisnotameasureofhumor.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thefuninhumorliesinexaminingitscontents.

B.Humormusttantalizethesensesonimpact—ifithastobeexplained,itlosesitseffect.

C.Humorisbestenjoyedbypeoplewithscientificminds.

D.Agoodhumoristshouldexplainhisorherjoketomakesureeveryoneunderstandsit.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.joy

B.sadness

C.hysteria

D.exhilaration

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theocean

B.sparklinggerms

C.hightide

D.flowingwater

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:作者認(rèn)為幽默是生活中的一部分。文章第一段提到了分析師分析幽默的行為。第二段舉了吹肥皂泡的例子，引出幽默的本質(zhì)。最后一段作者提到幽默家并不是真正的快樂。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:文章第二段以吹肥皂泡表演開始，接下來提到humorisalittlelikethat,幽默與吹肥皂泡相似：脆弱而又飄忽不定。作者還認(rèn)為幽默就是一個(gè)謎（Essentially,itisacompletemystery）。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第3題:文章第一段最后一句話提到Humorcanbedissected,asafrogcan,butthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsarediscouragingtoanybutthepurescientificmind，意思就是經(jīng)過剖析后的幽默除了純科學(xué)頭腦，其他人只會(huì)變得沮喪。也就是說經(jīng)過剖析后的幽默斷然無存。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第4題:題干出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第三句話，后面提到幽默家是靠煩惱致富的，他們能夠從煩惱中獲得補(bǔ)償（Humoristsfattenontrouble.Theyhavealwaysmadetroublepay）。因此melancholy這個(gè)詞應(yīng)該是表示消極意思的詞。選項(xiàng)B與trouble意思相近，所以符合題意。

第5題:文章最后一句Beneaththesparklingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrongtideofhumanwoe“在光鮮亮麗的外表下，背后遭罪”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

32.單選題

AstoutoldladywaswalkingwithherbasketdownthemiddleofastreetinPetrogradtothegreatconfusionofthetrafficandwithnosmallperiltoherself.Itwaspointedouttoherthatthepavementwastheplaceforpedestrians,butshereplied,“I’mgoingtowalkwhereIlike.We’vegotlibertynow.”Itdidnotoccurtothedearoldladythatiflibertyentitledthepedestriantowalkdownthemiddleoftheroad,thentheendofsuchlibertywouldbeuniversalchaos.Everybodywouldbegettingineverybodyelse’swayandnobodywouldgetanywhere.Individuallibertywouldhavebecomesocialanarchy.

Thereisadangeroftheworldgettingliberty—drunkinthesedaysliketheoldladywiththebasket,anditisjustaswelltoremindourselvesofwhattheruleoftheroadmeans.Itmeansthatinorderthatthelibertiesofallmaybepreserved,thelibertiesofeverybodymustbecurtailed.Whenthepoliceman,say,atPiccadillyCircusstepsintothemiddleoftheroadandputsouthishand,heisthesymbolnotoftyranny,butofliberty.Youmaynotthinkso.Youmay,beinginahurry,andseeingyourcarpulledupbythisinsolenceofoffice,feelthatyourlibertyhasbeenoutraged.Howdarethisfellowinterferewithyourfreeuseofthepublichighway?Then,ifyouareareasonableperson,youwillreflectthatifhedidnotinterferewithyou,hewouldinterferewithnoone,andtheresultwouldbethatPiccadillyCircuswouldbeamaelstromthatyouwouldnevercrossatall.Youhavesubmittedtoacurtailmentofprivatelibertyinorderthatyoumayenjoyasocialorderwhichmakesyourlibertyareality.

Libertyisnotapersonalaffaironly,butasocialcontract.Itisanaccommodationofinterests.Inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike.IfIchoosetogodowntheroadinadressing-gownwhoshallsaymenay?Youhavelibertytolaughatme,butIhavelibertytobeindifferenttoyou.AndifIhaveafancyfordyeingmyhair,orwaxingmymoustache(whichheavenforbid),orwearinganovercoatandsandals,orgoingtobedlateorgettingupearly,Ishallfollowmyfancyandasknoman’spermission.IshallnotinquireofyouwhetherImayeatmustardwithmymutton.Andyouwillnotaskmewhetheryoumayfollowthisreligionorthat,whetheryoumaypreferEllaWheelerWilcoxtoWordsworth,orchampagnetoshandy.

InalltheseandathousandotherdetailsyouandIpleaseourselvesandasknoone’sleave.Wehaveawholekingdominwhichwerulealone,candowhatwechoose,bewiseorridiculous,harshoreasy,conventionalorodd.Butdirectlywestepoutofthatkingdom,ourpersonallibertyofactionbecomesqualifiedbyotherpeople’sliberty.Imightliketopracticeonthetrombonefrommidnighttillthreeinthemorning.IfIwentontothetopofEveresttodoit,Icouldpleasemyself,butifIdoitinmybedroommyfamilywillobject,andifIdoitoutinthestreetstheneighborswillremindmethatmylibertytoblowthetrombonemustnotinterferewiththeirlibertytosleepinquiet.Therearealotofpeopleintheworld,andIhavetoaccommodatemylibertytotheirliberties.

Weareallliabletoforgetthis,andunfortunatelywearemuchmoreconsciousoftheimperfectionsofothersinthisrespectthanofourown.Areasonableconsiderationfortherightsorfeelingsofothersisthefoundationofsocialconduct.Itisinthesmallmattersofconduct,intheobservanceoftheruleoftheroad,thatwepassjudgmentuponourselves,anddeclarethatwearecivilizedoruncivilized.Thegreatmomentsofheroismandsacrificearerare.Itisthelittlehabitsofcommonplaceintercoursethatmakeupthegreatsumoflifeandsweetenormakebitterthejourney.

1.Theauthormighthavestatedhis“ruleoftheroad”as（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetotheoldladyinParagraph1is（）.

3.Asituationanalogoustothe“insolenceofoffice”describedinParagraph2wouldbe（）.

4.Theauthorassumesthathemaybeasfreeashelikesin（）.

5.Inthesentence“Weareallliable...”theauthoris（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.donotwalkinthemiddleoftheroad

B.followtheordersofpolicemen

C.donotbehaveinconsideratelyinpublic

D.dowhatyoulikeinprivate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.condescending

B.intolerant

C.objective

D.supportive

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ateachercorrectinggrammarerrors

B.aneditorshorteningthetextofanarticle

C.ataxinspectordemandingtoseesomeone’saccounts

D.anarmyofficegivingorderstoasoldier

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.allmattersofdressandfood

B.anysituationwhichdoesnotinterferewiththelibertyofothers

C.anythingthatisnotagainstthelaw

D.hisownhome

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.pointingoutageneralweakness

B.emphasizinghismainpoint

C.counteringageneralmisconception

D.suggestingaremedy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:ruleoftheroad出現(xiàn)在文章的第二段第一句話的后半句，作者在第一段中舉了老太太不走人行道過馬路這個(gè)例子來說明當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣。作者的觀點(diǎn)是要懂得在公共場(chǎng)合體諒他人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:作者對(duì)老太太過馬路不遵守交通規(guī)則持反對(duì)態(tài)度，認(rèn)為她只顧自己的絕對(duì)自由而不管他人，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:insolenceofoffice指的是前面提到的警察指揮交通，這種行為看似侵害到了個(gè)人自由，選項(xiàng)C“稅務(wù)檢察院檢查某人的賬目”與之相似，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第4題:文章第三段第二句話inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcours