2020年高等全國卷1英語

162020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）英語注意事項:答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。Wherearethespeakers?Ataswimmingpool.B.Inaclothingshop.C.Ataschoollab.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。WhatwillTomdonext?Turndownthemusic.B.Postponetheshow.C.Stoppracticing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。Whatisthewomanbusydoing?Workingonapaper.Tidyinguptheoffice.Organizingaparty.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。WhenwillHenrystarthisvacation?Thisweekend.B.Nextweek.C.AttheendofAugust.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。WhatdoesDonnaoffertodoforBill?Bookaflightforhim.B.Drivehimtotheairport.C.Helphimparkthecar.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。WhydoesPetecallLucy?Tosaythathe'llbelate.B.Totellherabouthiswork.C.Toinvitehertodinner.WhenisPetegoingtoseeLucy?At6:00pm.B.At6:45pm.C.At8:00pm.【答案】6.A7.B

【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。WhydoesCathywanttoquitherjob？She'lljoinanotherfirm.She'llrunherownbusiness.She'sfedupwithit.WhatisMark'sattitudetowardsCathy'sdecision?C.Supportive.C.RecommendanForgiving.C.Supportive.C.RecommendanWhatmightCathydoforthepresentcompany?Applyforaproject.B.Trainanewperson.engineer.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。Howdidthemanfeelabouthisperformancetoday?Greatlyencouraged.Abitdissatisfied.Terriblydisappointed.Whatdidthemansayhelpedhimovercometheproblem?A.Patience.Luck.Determination.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Conductinganinterview.Holdingapressconference.Hostingaceremony.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。Whatisnexttotheapartmentbuilding？Arestaurant.Alaundry.Agrocerystore.Whichisincludedintherent？A.Electricity.BTheInternet.C.SatelliteTV.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheapartment？A.It'squitelarge.It'swellfurnished.It'sworththemoney.【答案】14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。WhereisJefffrom？A.Liverpool.Coventry.Newcastle.WheredoyoungmengotowatchbiggamesaccordingtoJeff？A.Pubs.Stadiums.Friends'homes.WhydoesJeffhavetopickateamtosupport？A.Toavoidbeingbothered.Toopenaconversation.Toearnrespectfromothers.WhatdoesJeffmainlytalkabout？England'smomentofsuccess.Englishflagasasymbolofhope.England'sall-timefavouritesport.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled，therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty（失物招領(lǐng)）CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（（立于）atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays，i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable，B.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains（outbound）DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22amWhatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?A.CallA.Call131617.Askatthelocalstation.Checkthetrainschedule.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.【答案】21.C22.B23.BBReturningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcomefamiliarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It'strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannuallyThefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspringisEmestHemningway'sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxic令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,herpoe隨筆)97i5)oiutmble(everythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becaupoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksarethonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrerordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?Itevaluatesthew-reiatdeerrrelationship.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.I.t'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeas!?It'sabriefaccountofatrip.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.Whatdoestheunderlinedw＂orcdurrenc＂yinparagraph4referto?DebtReward.CAllowance.D.Facevalue.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?Helovespoetry.He'saneditor.He'sveryambitious.Heteachesreading.【答案】24.D25.B26.B27.ACRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact（接觸）withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?Theymustrunlongdistances.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.It'slesschallengingphysically.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts'opinions.Havingamedicalcheckup.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.Doingregularexercises.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.Tolerant.D.Conservative.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.BDTheconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanothe，remployeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse，evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.＂We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,＂explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight，aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby，isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreeintoself-/r/hefuture，theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonand＂ofsfwitch＂wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoffarremovedfromthepowersd電TO-SUchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighwaylotofenergyislostduringtr8傳輸）ssion（GlowingplantscoUldredUcethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.WhatisthefirstparagraphmainlyaboUt?AnewstUdyofdifferentplants.Abigfallincrimerates.EmployeesfromvarioUsworkplaces.Benefitsfromgreenplants.WhatisthefUnctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?Todetectplants'lackofwaterTochangecompositionsofplantsTomakethelifeofplantslonger.Totestchemicalsinplants.WhatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefUtUre?TheywillspeedUpenergyprodUction.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.TheymighthelpredUceenergyconsUmption.TheycoUldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?Howdowelivewithglowingplants?CoUldglowingplantsreplacelamps?Howareglowingplantsmadepol-lfUrteieo?n【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.C第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AFewTipsforSe-AlcfceptanceWeallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.?37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.?Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate有同情心）response?＂Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.＂?Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39?Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?Feelingupsetagain?Wheredoyoustart?Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.Remember,youareonlyhuman.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?【答案】36.B37.F38.D39.C40.A第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit's45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.1wonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53metaphorical（比匕喻）meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity（機(jī)會）ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,"Whatifitisn'tadoor?"Thatis,"Whatifitisn'ta57opportunity?"Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow."Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon't60toopenthemandwalkthrough.41.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case42.A.admitB.believeC.meanD.realize43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly46.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting47.A.winoutB.giveupC.wakeupD.standout48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers50A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.consequences51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral53.A.traditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditiontoC.regardlessofD.insteadof56.A.getholdofB.stareatC.knockonD.makeuseof57.A.realB.TypicalC.similarD.limited58.A.safetyruleB.comfortzoneC.bottomlineD.topsecret59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.D45.A46.D47.C48.B49.A50.D51.B52.C53.B54.A55.D56.B57.A58.C59.D60.C第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探測器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess61(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPoleAitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山)，moreso65thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-466(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.＂Thisreallyexcitesscientists,＂CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,"becauseit67(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68(construct)"Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow69iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.答案】61.erest65.than66.tofind67.means68.isconstructed69.much70.its第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）71.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（人），并在