職稱英語真題綜合類C

2006年職稱英語等級(jí)考試試卷ー綜合類（C級(jí)）（試題）第1部分:詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1?15題,每題1分,共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線,請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近選項(xiàng)。Shewasclosetosuccess.AfastBquickCnearDtightThetwogirlslookalike.AbeautifulBsimilarCprettyDattractiveTheboyisintelligent.AcleverBnaughtyCdifficultDactiveEverybodywasgladtoseeMaryback.AsorryBsadCangryDhappyWhatisyourgoallife?AplanBaimCarrangementDideaJackwasdismissed.AfiredBfinedCexhaustedDcriticizedJohniscrazyaboutpopmusicAsorryBmadCconcernedDworriedItisthemovement,notthecolor,ofobjectsthatexcitesthebullAfrightensBscares

CarousesDconfusesItishighlyunlikelythatshewillarrivetoday.AprobablyBveryChardlyDpossiblyIamfeelingalotmorehealthythanIwasAmanyBnoCmuchDsomeSinceancienttimespeoplehavefoundvariouswaystopreservemeatAeatBcookCfreezeDkeepWepackedupthethingswehadaccumulated（積累）overthelastthreeyearsandleft.AlateBrecentCpastDfinalTheexpeditionreachedthesummitat10:30thatmorningAbottomofthemountainBfootofthemountainCtopofthemountainDstartingpointThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathletebreaksapreviousrecordofperformance.AbeatsBdestroysCmaintainsDdefendsThepresidentDroposedthatweshouldbringthemeetingtoaclose.AstatedBsaidCsuggestedDannounced第2部分:閱讀判斷（第16?22題,每題1分,共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷:如果該句提供的是正確信息,請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息,請(qǐng)選擇B:如果該句的信息文中沒有提及,請(qǐng)選擇C.G8Summit

LeadersoftheGroupofEightMajorIndustrializedNations（G8）willmeetinScotlandinJulythisyear.RepresentativesfromChina,India,Mexico,SouthAfricaandBrazilhavealsobeeninvited.Here'swhattheG8leaderswantfromthemeeting.BritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairwantstheG8tocanceldebttotheworld'spoorestcountries.HewantsthemtodoubleaidtoAfricato50billionpoundsby2010.HehasalsoproposedreducingsubsidiestoWesternfarmersandremovingrestrictionsonAfricanexports.Thishasnotgottheapprovalofallmembersbecauseitwillhurttheiragriculturalinterests.Onclimatechange,Blairwantsconcerted（共同的）actionbyreducingcarbonemissions（排放）。USPresidentGeorgeW.BushagreestogivehelptoAfrica.Buthesayshedoesn'tliketheideaofincreasingaidtocountriesas'itwillincreasecorruption.Bushsaidhewouldnotsignanagreementtocutgreenhousegasemissionsatthesummit,accordingtomedia.TheUSistheonlyG8membernottohavesignedtheKyotoProtocol（京都議定書）〇AlthoughtheUSistheworld'sbiggestpolluter,Bushsofarrefusestobelievethereissufficientscientificdatatoestablishbeyondadoubtthatthereisaproblem.FrenchPresidentJacquesChiracsupportsBlaironAfricaandclimatechange.HeisdeterminedtogettheUStosigntheclimatechangedeal.GermanChancellorGerhardSchroderremainsdoubtfulofBlair'sAfricaproposals.Schroder'sofficialshavedismissedthenotionthatmoneywillsolveAfrica'sproblemsas"oldthinking."BerlinsaysthatAfricanstatesshouldonlyreceiveextramoneyiftheycanprovethey'vesolvedthecorruptionproblem.RussianPresidentVladimirPutinwasdoubtfulaboutthevalueofmoreaidtoAfrica.Buthehasseenawaytomakethisworktohisadvantage.PutinintendstousetheaidtoAfricaasaspringboard（跳板）nextyeartoproposeaidtotheformerSovietrepublicsofGeorgia,Uzbekistan,TajikistanandMoldova.JapanesePrimeMinisterJunichiroKoizumi'sprioritiesareaseatontheUNSecurityCouncil,forwhichhewillbelobbying（あ說）atthesummit.Andhe'sconcernedabouttheDemocraticPeople'sRepublicofKorea'snuclearweaponsprogramme.TheG8countriesincludeChina,India,Mexico,SouthAfricaandBrazil,ARightBWrongCNotmentionedBlairhopesthattheG8countrieswillworktogethertoreducecarbonemissionsARightBWrongCNotmentionedIndiahasacceptedtheinvitationtoattendtheG8meeting.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedBushagreestoincreaseaidtoAfrica.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedChiractakesastandsimilartoBlair'sonAfricaandclimatechange

ARightBWrongCNotmentionedAccordingtomedia,BushwillsigntheKyotoProtocolatthesummit.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedJapanwillrejectBlair'sproposaltoincreaseaidtoAfricaARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分:概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題,每題I分,共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù):（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段1選擇個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。NiceNameButShe'sSoDeadlyMorethanamillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesweretoldtoleavetheirhomesovertheweekendasHurricane（颶風(fēng)）DennisheadedtotheGulfcoast,afterkillingatleast15peopleintheCaribbeanSea.Ifyoureadthenewsoftenenough=,youmaynoticethatallhurricanesaregivennames.Whyisthat?Remember,therecanbemorethanonehurricaneoperatingatonetime.Withoutnamingthem,wecouldgetconfusedaboutwhichstormwe'retalkingabout.Forhundredsofyears,hurricanesintheCaribbeanwerenamedaftertheparticularreligiousdayonwhichtheyoccurred.OneAustralianmeteorologist（氣象學(xué)家）begangivingwomen'snamestotropicalstormsattheendofthe19thcentury.In1953,theUSNationalWeatherService,whichisresponsiblefortrackinghurricanesandissuingwarnings,beganusingfemalenamesforstorms.Byi979,bothwomenandmen'snameswerebeingused.Onenameforeachletterofthealphabet（字母表）isselected,exceptforQ,UandZ.Sowhodecideswhichnamesareused'eachyear?TheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationusessixlistsinrotation,soeachlistisreusedeverysixyears.Here'salistofthe2005Atlantichurricanes,accordingtotheUSNationalHurricaneCentre：Arlene,Bret,Cindy,Dennis,Emily,Franklin,Gert,Harvey,Irene,Jose,Katrina,Lee,Maria,Nate,Ophelia,Philippe,Rita,Stan,Tammy,Vince,Wilma.Paragraph1.Paragraph2.Paragraph3.Paragraph4.AReasonfornaminghurricanesBWarningofanapproachinghurricaneCDeadlywomenDHistoryofnaminghurricanes

EOrganizationresponsiblefornaminghurricanesFWaystotrackhurricanesOveramillionpeoplewerewarnednot()〇TheresponsibilityoftheUSNationalWeatherServiceis()〇29Hurricanesaregivennames()〇30Attheendo[the19thcentury,women'snamesstarted()〇AtotrackhurricanesandissuewarningsBtoavoidconfusionCtostayathomeDtobegiventotropicalstormsEtomakepredictionsFtokillatleast15people第4部分:閱讀理解(第31?45題,每題3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇ASocietyWithoutaFormalAuthorityIntheseventeenthcentury,EuropeansoldierswhocameacrosssomeIndiangroupsinthewesternGreatLakesfoundthatseveralnativetribes(部落)werelivingintheareawithoutaformalleadershipsystem.Theyappearedtobe"quitefriendlywitheachotherwithoutaformalauthority!”NotonlydidtheIndiansappeartolackaformalsystemofauthority,buttheyalsodeeplyhatedanyeffortstocontroltheiractions.Allmembersofthetribesknewwhatwasrequiredofthembylifelong(一生的)familiaritywiththetasksofthearea.Thesetaskstendedtobesimple,sincetheIndians'rateofsocialchangewasslow.Thus,althoughsubgroupssuchassoldiershadrecognizedleaders,norealauthoritywasrequired.Ratherthangivingdirectorders(whichwereconsideredrough),membersofthetribeswouldarouseotherstoactionbyexamples.Itwouldbedifficult,ifnotimpossible,tocarryoutsuchasysteminourownsociety.Mostofushavegrownupunderoneauthorityoranotherforaslongaswecanremember.Ourparents,ourteachers,ourbosses,ourgovernmentallhavetherecognizedrightundercertainconditionstotelluswhattodo.Theauthorityissomuchapartofourculturethatitishardforustoimagineaworkablesocietywithoutit.WehavebeenusedtorelyingonauthoritytogetthingsdoneandwouldprobablybeuncomfortablewiththeIndianmethodsofexamplesonalargescale.Ofcourse,themajorreasonwhytheIndiansystemwouldnotbesuitableforusisthatoursociety

istoolarge.ThenumberoftasksthatvariousmembersofoursocietyhavetoperformoftenundertighttimeandresourcelimitationscouldnotbetreatedbytheIndiansystem,inmodemsocieties,theformalauthoritysystemisnecessarytoachieveanysocialobjectives.31WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheEuropeansoldiersiscorrect?ATheyhadnoleaders.BTheytreatedtheIndiangroupswell.CTheycameacrosssomeIndiangroups.DTheyfoundtheIndiangroupsfriendlytothem.MembersofthetribesgototherstodothingsAwithresolution.Bbyexamples.Cbyforce.Dwitheffort.Accordingtotheauthor,itishardforasocietytoworkwithoutAarecognizedauthority.Benoughmoney.Cexamples.Dchanges.Afterreadingthepassage,youmayconcludethatAtheIndiansystemisalsosuitableforsomesmalltowns.BtheIndianstendedtofolloworders.CoursystemismuchbetterthantheIndians'.DtheIndiansystemwouldbeverydifficulttoimplementinoursocietyItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmanytasksinoursocietyhavetobecarriedoutAundersevereweatherconditionsBwithoutanyeffort.Cwithoutanydelay.Dwithease.第二篇SchoolingandEducation

ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.Thedistinctionbetweenschoolingandeducationimpliedbythisremarkisimportant.Educationismuchmoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanschooling.Educationknowsnolimits.Itcantakeplaceanywhere,whetherintheshowerorinthejob,whetherinakitchenorinatheatre.Itincludesboththeformallearningthattakesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseofinformallearning.Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromarespectedgrandparenttothepeopledebatingpoliticsontheradio,fromachildtoadistinguishedscientist.Whereasschoolinghasacertainpredictability,educationquiteoftenproducessurprises.Achanceconversationwithastrangermayleadapersontodiscoverhowlittleisknownofotherreligions.Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancy（嬰丿し期）on.Education,then,isaverybroad,inclusiveterm.Itisalifelong（一生的）process,aprocessthatstartslongbeforethestartofschool,andonethatshouldbeanintegral（基本的）partofone'sentirelife.Schooling,ontheotherhand,isaspecific,formalizedprocess,whosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromonesettingtothenext.Throughoutacountry,childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythesametime,takeassigned（指定的）seats,aretaughtbyanadult,usesimilartextbooks,dohomework,takeexams,andsoon.Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearned,whethertheyarewordsoranunderstandingoftheworkingofgovernment,haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught.Forexample,highschoolstudentsknowthattheyarenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.Therearedefiniteconditionssurroundingtheformalizedprocessofschooling.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?ASchoolistheplacewherepeoplegetinformaleducation.BEducationmeansschooling.CEducationcanbebothformalandinformal.DGoingtoschoolistheonlywaytoreceiveeducation.EducationisdifferentfromschoolinginthatAtheformerispredictablewhilethelatterisnot.Btheformerisspecificwhilethelatterisnot.Ctheformerisaformalizedprocesswhilethelatterisnot.Dtheformerismoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanthelatter.Whendoeseducationbegin?ABeforeoneentersschool.

BAfteroneentersschool.CAfteronegraduatesfromcollege.DAfteroneretiresfromwork.ThefactthatchildrenarriveatschoolataboutthesametimeshowsthatAschoolingimposesalotofstrainonthestudents.Bschoolinghasaclearboundary.Cschoolingfollowsmoreorlessthesamepattern.Dschoolingincludesdifferentaspectsoflearning.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardschooling?APositive.BNegative.CNeutral（中立的）0DSupportive.第三篇 TooLatetoRegretItWhenIwasajunior,Imetasecond-yearstudentinmydepartment.Hewasn'ttallorgood-looking,buthewasverynice,attractiveandathletic.HehadsomethingthatIadmiredverymuch.Hewasnatural,warm,andsincere.Idisregarded（不顧）myparents'disapproval.Wewereveryhappytogether.Hepickedmeupfrommydormeverymorning,andafterclasswewouldsitalongsidethestreamthatranthroughcampus,orsunbathe（曬太陽）onthelawn.Atnighthewouldwalkmebacktomydorm.Hecamefromapoorfamily,butinordertomakemehappy,heborrowedmoneyfromhisfriendtobuypresentsandmealsforme.Ourfellowstudentslookeduptohimasarolemodel,andthegirlsenvied（妒忘）me.Hewasn'talocal,butwantedtostayhereaftergraduation.Ithoughtwehadafuturetogether.However,whenIgotapart-timejobduringthesummervacation,peoplebegangivingmealotofpressure,sayingthatapretty,intelligentgirllikemeshouldfindabetterguytospendtimewith.Thiswasalsowhatmyfamilythought.Hespentthesummerinhishometown,soIwasallbymyself.Whenhegotback,Ibeganfindingfaultwithhim.Buthisbigheartandwarmthsoondroveallunpleasantthoughtsaway.However,IhadnoideahowbadlyIhadhurthimandthatthingswouldgetworse.Ihadagoodpart-timejoboffcampusthatpaidprettywell.Withmygoodperformanceatschool,IalsogotadmissiontograduateschoolatoneofChina'sbestuniversities.He,ontheotherhand,didnotdosowellatschooloratwork.Ihadtoworryabouthislivingexpenses,jobandscores.

Almostallmycolleaguesandfriendsadvisedmetobreakupwithhim.ThenwehadaquarrellastJune.Hewasingreatpain,andmycoldwordsandbadmoodsstartedturninghimaway.Graduationtimewasdrawingnear,andhometown.Hesaidthathecouldn'tputupwithathimindespair.Hesaidhewantedtogobacktohismeanymore.Iwasshockedandlooked.Truelovehappensonlyonce,butIfounditouttoolate.Whendidtheauthorfallinlovewiththeboy?AAftershehadaquarrelwithhim.BWhenshewasajunior.CWhenshewasasecond-yearstudent.DAftershefoundapart-timejob.Whatdidhedotomakeherhappy?AHestudiedmuchharder.BHeoftentookherforaride.CHealwaysenduredherinsults.DHeoftenboughtherpresentsandmeals.Whoadvisedhertobreakupwithhim?AHisparents.BHerteachers.CHercolleaguesandfriends.DTheirfellowstudents.Whydidheleaveher?ABecausehecouldnolongerbearher.BBecausehehatedher.CBecausehisparentsneededtakingcareof.DBecausehewasn'talocal."Uponlearningthathewouldleaveher,shewasAveryhappy.Bextremelyjoyful.Cquiterelieved.Dingreatpain.

第5部分:補(bǔ)全短文（第46?50題,每題2分,共10分）下面的短文有5處空白,短文后有6個(gè)句子,其中5個(gè)取自短文,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置,以恢復(fù)文章原貌。MindThoseMannersontheSubway,thereyouare,justsittingthereinthesubwaycar,enjoyingthatbookyoujustbought（46）Or,thepersonsittingnexttoyoutakesoutanailclipper（指甲刀）andbeginscuttinghisorhernails.Annoying?Manyofushavetospendsometimeeverydayonpublictransportation（47）So,tomakethetripmorepleasant,wesuggestthefollowing：Letpassengersgetoffthebusorsubwaycarbeforeyoucangeton（48）StandawayfromthedoorswhentheyareclosingDon'ttalkloudlyonabusorsubway.Chattingloudlywithyourfriendscanbeannoyingtoothers. （49）Don'tthinkyourbagsandsuitcases（手提箱）deserveaseatoftheirown.Useatissuewheneveryoucoughorsneeze（打噴嚏）〇Anuncoveredsneezecanspreadgerms（細(xì)菌）,especiallyincrowdedplaces.Don'tcutyournailsorpickyournoseonpublictransportation.Don'treadoverotherpeople'sshoulder（50）Itcanmakepeopleuncomfortable.Theymightthinkyou'retoostingy（小氣的）eventobuyanewspaper.Ortheymightthinkyou'rejudgingtheirbehaviorADon'teatfoodinyourcar.BDon'tshoutintoyourmobilephoneonabusorsubway.CWeallknowthatsomebehaviorsaresimplyunacceptable.DManypeopledothisonsubways,butit'sreallyannoyingEGettingoffandoninanorderlymannercansavetimeforall.FSuddenly,youfeelsomeoneleaningoveryourshoulderreadingalongwithyou第6部分:完形填空（第51?65題,每題1分,共15分）下面的短文有15處空白,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。ACountry'sStandardofLivingThe"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'sshareofthegoodsandservicesthecountryproduces.Acountry'sstandardofliving,（51）,dependsonitscapacityto

producewealth."WealthM(52)thissenseisnotmoney,forwedoriotliveonmoney(53)onthingsthatmoneycanbuy："goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchastransportandentertainment.Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostof(54)haveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdepends(55)agreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhavefertile(月巴沃的)soilandafavorableclimate；otherregionspossessnoneofthem.Nexttonaturalresources(56)theabilitytoturnthemtouse.Chinaisperhapsaswell-off(57)theUSAinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,and(58)thisandotherreasonswas(59)todevelopherresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,and(60)fromforeigninvasions,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellfavouredbynaturebutlesswellordered.Acountry'sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumed (61)itsownborders,butalsouponwhatisdirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade(62),Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifshehadtodependonlyon(63)grownathome.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplus(過剩的)manufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwould(64)belacking.Acountry'swealthis,therefore,much(65)byitsmanufacturingcapacityprovided(如果)thatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures.AhoweverBfurthermoreCsimilarlyDthereforeAbyBonCinDwithAorBbutCeitherDbesidesAtheseBthatCwhatDwhichAatBtoCbyDwithAcameBcomingCcomesDcomeAtoBlikeCbyDasAbecauseBforCofDbyAuneasyBincapableCimpossibleDunableAresolutionBfreedomCaggressionDdestructionAatBbyCwithinDon62AInshortBForexampleCAsaresultDOntheotherhand63AwhichBwhatCthatDthose

64AotherwiseBcertainlyChoweverDtherefore65AmadeBdoneCproducedDinfluenced2006年職稱英語等級(jí)考試試卷ー綜合類（C級(jí)）（答案）1C2B3A4D5B6A7B8C9B10C11D12C13C14A15C16B17A18c19B20A21B22C23B24A25D26E27C28A29B30D31C32B33A34D35C36C37D38A39C40C-41B42D43C44A45D46F47C48E49B50D51D52c53B54D55B56C57D58B59D60B61C62B63L)64A651)07年全國職稱英語等級(jí)考試試卷及答案（綜合類C級(jí)）（試題）第1部分:詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1~15題,每題1分,共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線,請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。tmidnight,wewerearousedbyaknockatthedoor.A.irritated B.awakened C.arisen D.annoyedhewasawardedaprizeforthefilm.A.given B.rewarded C.sent D.remindedmokingwillbebannedinallpublicplaceshere.A.forbidden B.allowed C.permitted D.promoted4.Thatguyisintelligengbutabitdull.A.strange B.special C.quietD.boring5.Sheisahighlysuccessfulteacher.A.fairlyB.ratherC.very D.moderately.Weshouldnotsacrificeenvironmentalprotectionstofostereconomicgrowth.A.reduce B.promote C.realizeD.give.Thereisagrowinggagbetweentherichandthepoor.A.conflictB.tensionC.gulfD.confrontationamverygratefultoyouforyourassistance.A.helpfulB.hopefulC.pitifulD.thankful9.Youwillbemeetingherpresently.A.shortly B.currentlyC.latelyD.probably10.Attitudestomentalillnesshaveshiftedinrecentyears.A.displayed B.shown C.changedD.demonstrated11.1havebeentryingtoguitsmoking.A.giveupB.pickupC.buildupD.takeup12.Reliefworkerswereshockedbywhattheysaw.A.movedB.touched C.surprised D.worried

A.moved.TheweatherisaconstantsubjectofconversationinBritain.A.question B.problem C.titleD.topic.ThisisnottypicalofEnglish,butisafeatureoftheChineselanguage.A.particular B.characteristic C.remarkableD.idiomatic.Itisvirtuallyimpossibletopersuadehimtoapplyforthejob.A.simply B.almost C.totally D.completely第2部分:閱讀判斷（第16?22題,第題1分,共7分）下面的短文后列出了フ個(gè)句子,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷:如果該句提供的是正確信息,請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息,請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及,請(qǐng)選擇C.Scotland:ALandofWisdomInthe1740s,thefamousFrenchphilosopherVoltairesaid"WelooktoScotlandforallourideasofcivilization.'That'snotabadadvertisementforanycountrywhenitcomestoattractingpeopletosearchforafirst-classeducation.AccordingtotheAmericanauthorArthurHerman,theScotsinventedthemodemworlditself.HearguesthatScottishthinkersandintellectualsworkedoutmanyofthemostimportantideasonwhichmodernlifedepends-everythingfromthescientificmethodtomarketeconomics.Theirideasdidnotjustspreadamongintellectuals,buttothosepeopleinbusiness,governmentandthescienceswhoactuallyshapedtheWesternworld.ItallstartedduringtheperiodthathistorianscalltheScottishEnlightenment（啟冢足動(dòng)）,whichisusuallyseenastakingplacebetweentheyears1740and1800.Beforethat,philosophywasmainlyconcernedwithreligion.ForthethinkersoftheScottishEnlightenment,theproperstudyofhumanitywasmankinditself.Theirreasoningwaspractical.ForthephilosopherDavidHume,humanitywastherightsubjectforphilosophybecausewecanexaminehumanbehaviorandsofindrealevidenceofhowpeoplethinkandfeel.Andfromthatwecanmakejudgmentsaboutthesocietiesweliveinandmakeconcretesuggestionsabouthowtheycanbeimproved,foruniversalbenefit.Hume'senquiryintothenatureofknowledgelaidthefoundationsforthescientificmethod-thepursuitoftruththroughexperiment.HisfriendandfellowresidentofEdinburgh,AdamSmith,famouslyappliedthestudyofmankindtothewaysinwhichmankinddoesbusiness.Trade,heargued,wasaformofinfrmation.Inpursuingourownintereststhroughtradinginmarkets,weallcometobenefiteachother.

Smith'sideahasdominatedmodernviewsofeconomics.ltalsohaswideapplications.Hewasoneofthephilosopherstopointoutthatnationscanbecomerich,freeandpowerfulthroughpeace,tradeandinvention.AlthoughtheScottishEnlightenmentendedalongtimeago,theideaswhichevolvedatthattimestillunderpin（構(gòu)成 的基礎(chǔ)）ourtheoriesofhumanexchangeandenquiry.ltalsoexistsinScotlanditselfinaneducationaltraditionthatcombinesacademicexcellencewithorientation（方向）..Scotlandistherightplacetoreceiveafirst-classeducation.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.AccordingtoArthurHerman,theScotsdevelopedmanyimportantideaswhichmodernlifedependson.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.PhilosophershadcometoknowtheimportanceofstudyinghumanityevenbeforetheScottishEnlightenmenttookplace.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned.DavidHumewasthefirstphilosophertostudymankind.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned.Smith'sideahasextensiveapplications.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned.OurcurrenttheoriesofhumanexchangeandenquiryhavenothingtodowiththeideasdevelopedduringtheScottishEnlightenment.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned.Smithdiedin1800.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned第3部分:概括大意與完成句子（第23~30題,每題1分,共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù):（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2~5段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。CeasingtoWearTiesllt'suseless.It'sdirty.ltspreadsdisease.That'swhytheBritishMedicalAssociationintheUKrecentlycalledforhospitaldoctorstostopwearingties.

2Thatleadstoanotherquestion.Whydoesanyonewearatie?Tiesservenopurpose.Theydonotcoveranypartofyourbodyandkeepyouwarm.Theyalwaysseemtogetcoveredinfoodstains.Perhapsthatisthepurposeofthetie.Itletseveryoneknowwhatyoujustate.3Tieshaveanoddhistory.SoldiersfromCroatia,inEasternEurope,servedasmercenaries（雇傭軍）invariousconflictsinthe17thcentury.Theywereidentifiedbybrightlycoloredpiecesofsilkwornaroundtheneck.Knownascravats（隹|巾）,thesebecameapopularfashioniteminFranceandevertuallyevolvedintothetie.4It*saninterestingstory,butitdoesn*ttelluswhymenwanttoputuselesspiecesofclothorsilkaroundtheirnecks.Theanswerseemstobeaboutidentification（身份證明）.Inthe19th-centuryBritain,tieswereusedbyuniversities,militaryregiments（團(tuán)）,sportsclubs,schoolsandgentleman'sclubs.Eachtiewasinaparticularsetofcolorswhichidentifiedthewearerasamemberofthatorganization.WearingtieswasalsothemarkofBritain'smostpowerfulclasses.Thatmadethetieitselfasymbolofpowerandrespect.Andthatledittobeadoptedbyamuchlargerclass-thebusinessclass.5Youcannotwearatieifyouworkwithmachinery.Sowearingatiebecameasignthatyouwereamanwhousedhisbraintomakealiving,ratherthanhishands.ltshowedyouwereserious.ltshowedyouwereaprofessional.ltmeantthateveryonewhowantedajobinbusinesshadtowearone.Itwasjustimpossibletotakeseriouslyamanwhodidnotwearapieceofcoloredsilkaroundhisneck.Thisishowmillionsofpeoplecametoweartiesacrosstheworld.61sthereafutureforties?Thesignsarenotpromising.Manypoliticalleaders,includingBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlair,nowgowithoutties..Paragraph2..Paragraph3..Paragraph4..Paragraph6.AOriginofthetieBBritishtiesCUselessnessofthetieDOld-fashionedtiesERoleofthetieFSignsofatielessera.TheBritishMedicalAssociationsuggestedthat..TieswerefirstwornbytheCroatiansoldiers..PeopleworedifferenttiesinBritaininthe19thcenturytoshowthat..BritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairisaman.AtheywereworkmenBtheywreremembersofdifferentorganizations

ChospitaldoctorsstopwearingtiesDwhodoesnotalwayswearatieEwhoservedasmercenariesinmanyconflictsinthe17thcenturyFwhodoesnotwanttolivelikeaking第4部分:閱讀理解（第31~45題,每題3分,共45分）下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇HisOwnWaytoExpressLoveYesterdaywasourthree-yearanniversary.Wedidn'tdoanythingromantic;wejustwalkedhandinhandandtalkedaboutourpastandthefuture.ThiswasprettymuchwhatIhadexpected.Andyisanunromanticguy:nosweetwordsorroses.Smartasheis,heisalittlebitshyexpressinghislove.Incontrast,!amanoutspoken（直舌不諱）girlwholikestoshowherfeelingsdirectly.Soneedlesstosay,Ioftenfeelthatheisinsensitive.!envyothergirlswhoares