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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
Americawillneveragainhaveasanationthespiritofadventureasit(
)beforetheWestwassettled.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.could
B.did
C.would
D.was
【答案】B
【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知空白處是指代前面的動(dòng)詞have,并且是過去時(shí)態(tài),所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
2.單選題
Bythetimethetourends,thefootballteam()twentymatchesinfourcountries.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.willplay
B.willbeplaying
C.willhaveplayed
D.willhavebeenplaying
【答案】C
【解析】考查語法時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前一句Bythetimethetourends“到巡回賽結(jié)束時(shí)”,表示巡回賽還在進(jìn)行,By接的是將來的時(shí)間,那么主句也需要用將來完成時(shí)。將來完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成willhavedone。句意:到巡回賽結(jié)束時(shí),足球隊(duì)將在4個(gè)國家踢20次比賽。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
3.單選題
Whenthemembersofthecommitteeareatodds,()ofofferingtheirresignations,problemsbecomeindissoluble.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.andalsowhentheyareintheprocess
B.whentheyareintheprocess
C.theyareintheprocess
D.andwhenthemembersofthecommitteeareintheprocess
【答案】A
【解析】考查連詞以及從句。由題干我們可以判斷出,Whenthemembersofthecommitteeareatodds是時(shí)間狀語從句,problemsbecomeindissoluble之前沒有連詞,也沒有引導(dǎo)詞,并且是個(gè)完整的句子,則為整個(gè)題干的主句。在沒有連詞的情況下一個(gè)句子只能有一個(gè)主語,所以排除C選項(xiàng);并列兩個(gè)相同成分的從句最好用and連接,排除B選項(xiàng);themembersofthecommittee前文出現(xiàn)過,為了避免重復(fù),會(huì)使用代詞,排除D,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
4.多選題
多選題測(cè)試,請(qǐng)勿組卷到其他試卷當(dāng)中,題干內(nèi)容展示測(cè)試0.0
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.E
B.D
C.C
D.B
E.A
【答案】第1題:A、B、C
第2題:B、C、D、E
【解析】第1題:試題解析測(cè)試
第2題:JIEXI
5.單選題
Everyhumanbeing,nomatterwhatheisdoing,givesoffbodyheat.Theusualproblemishowtodisposeofit.ButthedesignersoftheJohnstowncampusoftheUniversityofPittsburghsetthemselvestheoppositeproblemofhowtocollectbodyheat.Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichutilizesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell.Thesystemworkssowellthatnoconventionalfuelisneededtomakethecampus’ssixbuildingscomfortable.Somepartsofmostmodernbuildings-theatresandofficesaswellasclassrooms-aremorethanamplyheatedbypeopleandlightsandsometimesmustbeair-conditioneveninwinter.Thetechniqueofsavingheatandredistributingitiscalled“heatrecovery”.AfewmodernbuildingrecoverheatbuttheUniversity’ssystemisthefirsttorecoverheatfromsomebuildingsandre-useitinothers.
Alongtheway,Pitthaslearnedagreatdealaboutsomeofitsheatproducers.Theharderastudentstudies,themoreheathisbodygivesoff.Malestudentsemitmoreheatthanfemalestudents,andthelargerastudent,themoreheatheproduces.ItistemptingtoconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohnstowncampuswouldbeahard-working,overweightmalegenius.
1.Untilrecently,bodyheathascausedproblemsbecauseit(
)
2.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheheatingsystemoftheJohnstowncampus?
3.AtJohnstowncampus,howmanyofthebuildingsareheatedentirelybytheheatcollectionsystem?
4.Inline6,“conventional”mostnearlymeans(
).
5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldproducetheLEASTamountofheat?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.wasdifficulttocollect
B.cameinavarietyofforms
C.wasdifficulttogetridof
D.tendedtobeabsorbedbyphysicalobjects
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Theheatissuppliedbyhumanbodiesonly
B.Thebestissuppliedbybothhumanbodiesandotherheat-emittingobjects
C.Theheatissuppliedbybothhumanbodiesandconventionalfuel.
D.Theheatissuppliedbyhumanbodies,otherheat-emittingobjects,andconventionalfuel
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.none
B.two
C.four
D.six
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.ordinary
B.powerful
C.electrical
D.extra
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Afatfemalewhostudieshard
B.afatmalewhodoesnotstudy
C.Athinfemalewhodoesnotstudy
D.Athinmalewhostudieshard
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:A
第5題:C
【解析】1.文章第一段第二句Theusualproblemishowtodisposeofit提到關(guān)于熱量的問題是如何處理它,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
2.文章第一段Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichutilizesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell提到熱量主要來源于人體熱量,和像電燈泡、冰箱這類物體,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
3.文章第一段thesystemworkssowellthatnoconventionalfuelisneededtomakethecampus’ssixbuildingscomfortable提到學(xué)校的六棟建筑物,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
4.題干中conventional的意思是“常見的”;所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
5.文章最后一句話ItistemptingtoconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohunstowncampuswouldbeahard-working,overweightmalegenius提到根據(jù)推測(cè)可得知一個(gè)超重的、勤奮的男性產(chǎn)生的熱量是最多的。因此可以推測(cè)一個(gè)瘦小的、不勤奮的女性產(chǎn)生的熱量是最少的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
6.單選題
Thereareonlytenapplesleftinthebaskets,()thespoiltones.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.notcounting
B.nottocount
C.don'tcount
D.havingnotcounted
【答案】A
【解析】句意:不算上壞了的蘋果,這個(gè)籃子里只剩下10個(gè)蘋果了。
語法題??疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語。句子前半句已經(jīng)完整,所以后半句用了count的現(xiàn)在分詞形式做伴隨狀語。
7.單選題
TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.
Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.
Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.
"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.
OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'
Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.
However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.
KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.
1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby(
).
2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression
(
).
3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith
(
).
4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean
(
).
5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.67percent
B.51percent
C.35percent
D.16percent
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.wasregardedasquitenormal
B.usedtobeverylow
C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment
D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.theinefficientstyleofwork
B.oftenwrongjudgments
C.therisingrateoftaxes
D.theCongress
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.thefutureofthewholenation
B.people'swell-beinginthefuture
C.apositionofhigherrank
D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies
B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged
C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession
D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:C
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對(duì)美國政府的信心下降了多少?”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年,說明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認(rèn)為大政府對(duì)國家未來的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認(rèn)為大政府有威脅(A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices),由此可知國民對(duì)政府的信心下降了51%。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“在大蕭條時(shí)期前美國政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的?”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時(shí)期美國人對(duì)華盛頓本能的謹(jǐn)慎”(We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression),說明在大蕭條時(shí)期政府在民眾心中的地位就低,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認(rèn)為國會(huì)會(huì)把事情搞砸(Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer),選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中,62%的美國人認(rèn)為政客的道德和誠實(shí)度已經(jīng)下降(OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen),以及比起通過好的法規(guī),議員們花更多的時(shí)間在他們的政治前途上嗎?(Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?)可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定,他們往往更滿意(sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied),選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
8.單選題
Theearthquakeof26thDecember,2004resultedinoneoftheworstnaturaldisastersinlivingmemory.Itwasa(1)underwaterquakeandoccurredintheIndianOcean.It(2)coastlines,communitiesandbroughtdeathtoomanypeople.
Whydoearthquakeshappen?
Thesurfaceoftheearthhasnotalwayslookedasitdoestoday;itismoving(3)(althoughveryslowly)andhasdonesoforbillionsofyears.Thisisone
(4)
ofearthquakes,whenonesectionoftheearth(tectonicplate)
(5)
another.Scientistscanpredictwherebutnot
(6)thismighthappenandtheareabetweenplatesiscalledafaultline.OnonefaultlineinKobe,Japanin1923over200,000peoplewerekilled.
(7)
,earthquakesdonotalwayshappenonfaultlines,
(8)iswhytheyaresodangerousand
(9)
.
Wheredovolcanoeshappen?
Volcanoeshappenwheretheearth’s
(10)
isthin:lava,dustandgases(11)frombeneaththeearth.Theycanriseintoahugeconeshapelikeamountainanderupt,
(12)theycanbesoviolent
(13)
theyjustexplodedirectlyfromtheearthwithnowarning.Thereare1,511(14)volcanoesintheworld.Thismeansthattheymay
(15)BEDANGEROUS.In1985theColombianvolcanoNevadoDelRuizerupted.Thelavameltedaglacierandsenttonesofmud
(16)thetownbelow.Twentythousandpeopledied.
Naturaldisasterslikevolcaniceruptionsarcoftenunpredictable.Weregularlydonotknowwhenthey
(17)happen,or
(18)wheretheywillhappen.Inthefuture,scientistsmaybeabletowatchandpredict
(19)beforetheyhappen.Thiscould(20)manylives.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.massive
B.significant
C.great
D.grand
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.changed
B.converted
C.destroyed
D.transformed
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.frequently
B.periodically
C.regularly
D.continuously
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.source
B.cause
C.movement
D.reason
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.collideswith
B.confrontswith
C.meetswith
D.faceswith
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.how
B.why
C.when
D.what
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.Generally
B.However
C.Similarly
D.Anyway
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.which
B.it
C.this
D.that
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.irresistible
B.inevitable
C.unaccountable
D.unpredictable
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.surface
B.appearance
C.crust
D.cover
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.burstout
B.flowedout
C.leakedout
D.trickledout
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.and
B.or
C.nor
D.but
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.like
B.for
C.as
D.that
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.living
B.alive
C.active
D.live
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.relatively
B.still
C.hardly
D.gradually
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.beyond
B.on
C.across
D.down
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.might
B.should
C.must
D.areto
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.though
B.whether
C.even
D.else
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.accidents
B.incidents
C.occasions
D.events
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.rescue
B.save
C.preserve
D.shelter
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:A
第6題:C
第7題:B
第8題:A
第9題:D
第10題:C
第11題:A
第12題:B
第13題:D
第14題:C
第15題:B
第16題:D
第17題:A
第18題:C
第19題:D
第20題:B
【解析】(1)形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)massive“大而重的,巨大的”;B選項(xiàng)significant“重要的,暗示的,有含義的”;C選項(xiàng)great“大的,巨大的,非常的,很多的”;D選項(xiàng)grand“壯觀的,神氣活現(xiàn)的,顯赫的”,根據(jù)句意可知這里是指“嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)難”,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(2)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)change“改變”;B選項(xiàng)convert“改變(某事物)的形式或用途”;C選項(xiàng)destroy“摧毀,毀壞”;D選項(xiàng)transform“完全改變某物外觀或特性”,本句句意為‘地震毀壞了海岸線、社區(qū),給太多人帶來了死亡’。根據(jù)句意可知這里強(qiáng)調(diào)“摧毀,毀壞”,C選項(xiàng)正確。
(3)副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)frequently“頻繁地,屢次,時(shí)?!保籅選項(xiàng)periodically“周期性地,偶爾,定期地”,C選項(xiàng)regularly“有規(guī)律地,經(jīng)常地,習(xí)慣性地,定期地,整齊地,均勻地”;D選項(xiàng)continuously“連續(xù)不斷地,接連地”,句意‘地球表面一直以來都在“持續(xù)”運(yùn)動(dòng),’D選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(4)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)source“來源,根源”;B選項(xiàng)cause“原因,導(dǎo)致某事物發(fā)生的事物、人等”;C選項(xiàng)movement“運(yùn)動(dòng)”;D選項(xiàng)reason“理由,動(dòng)機(jī)”,根據(jù)句意“地球表面的持續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)是導(dǎo)致地震的原因”,表示發(fā)生的客觀起因應(yīng)該用cause,B選項(xiàng)正確。
(5)動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)collidewith“(指運(yùn)動(dòng)中的物體或人)猛撞某物或互撞”;B選項(xiàng)confrontwith“使某人面對(duì)或正視令人不快、令人頭疼等的人/事物”;C選項(xiàng)meetwith“碰見(某人),相逢;D選項(xiàng)"facewith“面對(duì)或面向某人/某事物”,由常識(shí)和句意‘地震是地殼的不同板塊“碰撞”所造成的,’A選項(xiàng)正確。
(6)疑問詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)how“如何,多少,怎樣”;B選項(xiàng)why“為什么”;C選項(xiàng)when“何時(shí),什么時(shí)候”;D選項(xiàng)what“什么”,由句意和語境‘科學(xué)家已經(jīng)能分析出地震的原因和預(yù)測(cè)其發(fā)生的地點(diǎn),只有時(shí)間無法確認(rèn)?!疌選項(xiàng)正確。
(7)副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)generally“普遍地,一般來說”;B選項(xiàng)however“然而,不過,可是”;C選項(xiàng)similarly“同樣地,類似于”;D選項(xiàng)anyway“總之,無論如何”,此處與前一句形成轉(zhuǎn)折,說明地震不一定都發(fā)生在斷裂帶,因此地震很危險(xiǎn)且難以預(yù)測(cè)。所以填表示轉(zhuǎn)折意思的副詞,B選項(xiàng)However更符合語境。
(8)非限制性定語從句的用法。句意為“然而,地震并不總發(fā)生在斷層線上,這就是為什么它們非常危險(xiǎn)而且不可預(yù)測(cè)?!狈治鼍渥涌芍@是個(gè)為非限制性定語從句,先行詞指代前面的整句話,用which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(9)形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)irresistible“不可抵抗的”;B選項(xiàng)inevitable“不可避免的”;C選項(xiàng)unaccountable“無法解釋的,難以說明的”;D選項(xiàng)unpredictable“無法預(yù)料的,不可預(yù)知的”,句意‘地震的不可預(yù)測(cè)大大増加它的危險(xiǎn)性’,下文中也提到了這個(gè)詞。D選項(xiàng)正確。
(10)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)surface“表面,表層”;B選項(xiàng)appearance“外貌,外觀”;C選項(xiàng)crust“地殼,外殼”;D選項(xiàng)cover“封面,遮掩物”,句意為“火山發(fā)生在地殼很薄弱的地方”。這里earth’scrust指的是“地殼”,C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
(11)動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)burstout“爆炸,脹破,爆破”;B選項(xiàng)flowout“外流”;C選項(xiàng)leakout“(指情報(bào))泄露,透露”;D選項(xiàng)trickleout“(使某物)成小股流動(dòng)”,句意為“巖漿、灰塵和氣體從地底下噴發(fā)出來”,A選項(xiàng)表示爆發(fā)出來,正確。
(12)連詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)and表示并列和順承關(guān)系;B選項(xiàng)or表示選擇或“否則”的意思;C選項(xiàng)nor不是;D選項(xiàng)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞,本句句意為“它們可以上升到像一座山一樣的一個(gè)巨大的錐形形狀并噴出,或者它們可以非常猛烈以至于毫無預(yù)警地直接在地球上爆炸”。分析句子可知,這里是描述火山噴發(fā)的兩種不同的狀態(tài)和表現(xiàn),B選項(xiàng)正確。
(13)so...that...句型的用法。根據(jù)句意“它們可以上升到像一座山一樣的一個(gè)巨大的錐形形狀并噴出,或者它們可以非常猛烈以至于毫無預(yù)警地直接在地球上爆炸?!笨芍揪淇疾镾0+形容詞+that從句表示“如此……以至于……”,D選項(xiàng)正確。
(14)形容詞詞義和用法辨析。A選項(xiàng)living當(dāng)形容詞講意為“活的,現(xiàn)存的,活躍的,逼真的”;B選項(xiàng)alive作形容詞意為“活著的,活潑的,有生氣的”;C選項(xiàng)active意為“積極的,活躍的,主動(dòng)的,有效的”;D選項(xiàng)live作形容詞意為“活的,生動(dòng)的,實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的,精力充沛的”,句意為“現(xiàn)在世界上有1511座活火山”。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)活火山activevolcano,C選項(xiàng)正確。
(15)副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)relatively“相對(duì)地,比較而言,相當(dāng)?shù)亍?;B選項(xiàng)still“還,更,仍”;C選項(xiàng)hardly“幾乎不”;D選項(xiàng)gradually“逐步地,漸漸地”,句意為“這就意味著這些火山仍然有噴發(fā)的危險(xiǎn)?!盉選項(xiàng)表示“仍然,還是”正確。
(16)介詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)beyond意為“超過,越過,那一邊,在……較遠(yuǎn)的一邊”;B選項(xiàng)on意為“在……上面,指表面接觸”;C選項(xiàng)across表示“從表面穿過”;D選項(xiàng)down表示“沿著”,本句句意為“火山噴發(fā)的巖漿使冰川融化,將數(shù)噸泥土沖到山下的城鎮(zhèn)”。根據(jù)句意可知這里強(qiáng)調(diào)“沿著”,D選項(xiàng)正確。
(17)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)might“可能,也許”,表示推測(cè)時(shí)語氣較委婉;B選項(xiàng)should表示“應(yīng)該”;C選項(xiàng)must語氣較為強(qiáng)烈,表示“必須”;D選項(xiàng)areto表示“打算做”,句意為“自然災(zāi)害有可能發(fā)生,只是人們并不知道什么時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生”。A選項(xiàng)表示語氣委婉正確。
(18)even的用法辨析。根據(jù)語境可知句意為“我們通常不知道這些自然災(zāi)害什么時(shí)候可能會(huì)發(fā)生,甚至不知道它們會(huì)在哪里發(fā)生。后半句的or部分加深程度;A選項(xiàng)though為引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從局的連詞;B選項(xiàng)whether表示“是否”;C選項(xiàng)even強(qiáng)調(diào)程度上的更進(jìn)一步;D選項(xiàng)else表示“其他的”。根據(jù)句意可知C選項(xiàng)正確。
(19)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)accidents“事故”;B選項(xiàng)incidents“事情,發(fā)生的事”;C選項(xiàng)occasions“場(chǎng)合,時(shí)機(jī)”;D選項(xiàng)events“活動(dòng),事情”,句意為“科學(xué)家們或許能夠在事件發(fā)生之前觀察和預(yù)測(cè)到”,events此處可泛指所有自然災(zāi)害活動(dòng),D選項(xiàng)正確。
(20)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)rescue“援救”;B選項(xiàng)save“挽救”;C選項(xiàng)preserve“保護(hù),維護(hù)(某事物)”;D選項(xiàng)shelter“遮蔽,庇護(hù)”,句意為“在將來,科學(xué)們也許能夠在自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生之前觀察和預(yù)測(cè)它們的活動(dòng)。這將會(huì)拯救很多生命”,B選項(xiàng)“挽救”正確。
9.單選題
Itisa(
)thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.debate
B.dispute
C.dilemma
D.paradox
【答案】D
【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)debate“辯論,討論”;B選項(xiàng)dispute“辯論,爭(zhēng)吵”;C選項(xiàng)dilemma“困境,進(jìn)退兩難”;D選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論,自相矛盾的人或事”。句意:在如此富裕的國家竟然有那么多窮人,這是一個(gè)多么矛盾的事情。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
10.單選題
Animportantpropertyofscientifictheoryisitsabilityto()furtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.stimulate
B.renovate
C.arouse
D.advocate
【答案】A
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。stimulate刺激,鼓舞;renovate革新,修復(fù);arouse引起,喚醒;advocate主張,擁護(hù)。句意:科學(xué)理論的一個(gè)重要特性是它能夠激發(fā)對(duì)特定主題的進(jìn)一步研究和思考。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。
11.單選題
Thesoftwareanalysesvoicepatterns,anddetects______changeswhichcanpointtothesuspect’slying.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.gentle
B.feeble
C.subtle
D.humble
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)gentle“溫和的”,B項(xiàng)feeble“微弱的,虛弱的”,C項(xiàng)subtle“微妙的,精細(xì)的”,D項(xiàng)humble“謙虛的,簡(jiǎn)陋的”。前半部分的句子意思是“該軟件分析語音模式,并檢測(cè)變化”,可知空格部分應(yīng)該表示“細(xì)微的變化”;故C項(xiàng)符合句意。句意:該軟件可以分析語音模式,并檢測(cè)出細(xì)微的變化,從而指出嫌疑人在撒謊。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。
12.單選題
Tosurvive,psychologicallyaswellasphysically,humanbeingmustinhabitaworldthatisrelativelyfreeofambiguityandreasonablypredictable.Somesortofstructuremustbeplacedupontheendlessprofusionofincomingsignals.Theinfant,bornintoaworldofflashing,hissing,movingimages,soonlearnstoadaptbyresolvingthischaosintotoysandtables,dogsandparents.Evenadultswhohavehadtheirvisionorhearingrestoredthroughsurgerydescribetheworldasafrighteningandsometimesunbearableexperience;onlyafterdaysofeffortaretheyabletotransformblurandnoiseintomeaningfulandthereforemanageableexperiences.
Itiscommonplacetotalkasiftheworld"has"meaning,toaskwhat"is"themeaningofaphrase,agesture,apainting,acontract.Yetwhenthoughtabout,itisclearthateventsaredevoidofmeaninguntilsomeoneassignsittothem.Thereisnoappropriateresponsetoaboworahandshake,ashoutorawhisper,untilitisinterpreted.Adropofwaterandthecolorredhavenomeaning,theysimplyexist.Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.
Peopleareneverpassivereceivers,merelyabsorbingeventsofobvioussignificance,butareactiveinassigningmeaningtosensation.Whatanyeventacquiredinthewayofmeaningappearstoreflectatransactionbetweenwhatistheretobeseenorheard,andwhattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.
Thediversityofreactionsthatcanbetriggeredbyasingleexperience-meetingastranger,negotiatingacontract,attendingatextileconferenceisimmense.Eachobserverisforcedtoseeitthroughhisowneyes,interpretitinthelightofhisownvalues,fitittotherequirementsofhisowncircumstances.Asaconsequence,everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.EachwillacceptsonicrelationsamongthefactsanddenyothersEachwillarriveatsomeconclusion,tentativeorcertain,asthesoundsandformsresolveintoa"temple"or"barn",a"compliment"or"insult".
1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat(
).
2.Inordertoassignmeaningtoanythingintheworld,oneneedsto
(
).
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.theworldisbewilderingtotheinfantandtotheadultalike.
B.surgerywillrestoreameaningfulworldtothosewhoundertakeit
C.anyresponsetotheworldwouldbeimpossibleifmeaningwerenotfirstassignedtoit
D.theworldwillbedevoidofmeaningifpeoplefailtounderstandthespecialincomingsignals
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.haveafullknowledgeofthestructureoftheworld
B.transformtheincomingsignals,withthehelpofpreviousexperiences,sothattheycanserveone'sownpurpose
C.differentiateincomingsignalsthatareofsignificanceandthosethatarenot
D.beendowedwithcreativeness
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Onlyvisualimagescanbeassignedmeaning
B.Incomingsignalsexistforthepurposeofconveyingmeaningtopeople
C.Anindividualmighthavetoadapthimselftothediversifiedexperienceinthisworld
D.Peoplemayhavedifferentresponsestothesameincomingsignal.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.illustratethedifferentperspectivespeoplemaytakeininterpretinganexperience
B.showthatmeaningisbutasubjectivematter
C.demonstratehowwecanassignmeaningtotheworld
D.arguethatoneneedstohavesomeinsighttounderstandtheworld
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:B
【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由第二段最后一句“Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.人類感知的目的是使世界變得可理解,以便成功地管理世界;意義的歸屬是行動(dòng)的前提和準(zhǔn)備?!笨芍狢項(xiàng)“如果世界沒有提前被賦予具體意義,那么對(duì)于世界的任何反應(yīng)都是不可能的”正確。
第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段可知“whattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.這是解釋者根據(jù)過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和普遍的動(dòng)機(jī)而得出的結(jié)論。因此,意義的歸屬始終是一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性的過程,通過這個(gè)過程,原始的感覺被轉(zhuǎn)化為符合觀察者的目標(biāo)?!贝鸢窧
第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.每個(gè)觀察者從不同的角度來看待每一個(gè)對(duì)象和信息。每個(gè)人都會(huì)注意到一些特征而忽略其他的?!笨芍狣項(xiàng)正確,答案D
第4題:主旨大意題。文章第一段就提到,世界必須被賦予具體的意義。以及第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.人們看待事物的視角和觀點(diǎn)不同,那么賦予事物的含義也會(huì)不同。”可知整篇文章作者的寫作目的是表明事物的含義都是人賦予的,是主觀的東西。答案B
13.單選題
Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin___tohisincome.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.comparison
B.proportion
C.association
D.calculation
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)comparison“比較;對(duì)照;比喻;比較關(guān)系”;B選項(xiàng)proportion“比例,占比;部分;面積;均衡”;C選項(xiàng)association“協(xié)會(huì),聯(lián)盟,社團(tuán);聯(lián)合;聯(lián)想”;D選項(xiàng)calculation“計(jì)算;估計(jì);計(jì)算的結(jié)果;深思熟慮”。句意:他在假日和奢侈品上的支出與他的收入___相當(dāng)高。本句表達(dá)“在奢侈品上的支出和收入的比例”,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
14.單選題
Asautomationbecamepopularinmostfactories,laborwasmade().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.disincentive
B.redundant
C.diverse
D.discontent
【答案】B
【解析】形容詞辨析。disincentive妨礙活動(dòng)的;redundant因人員過剩而被解雇的,多余的;diverse不同的,多種多樣的;discontent不滿的。句意:隨著自動(dòng)化在大多數(shù)工廠的普及,勞動(dòng)力被了。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。
15.單選題
Hegavehislistenersavivid()ofhisjourneythroughPeru.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.account
B.tale
C.communication
D.plot
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。giveanaccountof意為“講述…說明…匯報(bào)…”。根據(jù)句意“他向聽眾生動(dòng)地講述了他的秘魯之旅?!边x項(xiàng)A符合句意。
16.單選題
(
)amongyoungpeopleisdifficulttoexp
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