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一.句子成分二.五種基本句型

提綱

2013-03-2911/7/20221提綱11/3/20221Sentenceelements謂語(v)定語(Attr)主語(s)賓語(IO,O)狀語(Ad)補語(Cs,Co)主語謂語Vtlink-VVi賓語賓語賓補表語賓語(間)賓語(直)Revision表語(P)11/7/20222Sentenceelements謂語定語主語賓語

一、句法基礎知識

201303-2911/7/20223一、句法基礎知識11/3/20223一、句法基礎知識一、定義:構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。二、成分分析1、主語:主語是一個句子所敘述的主題,一般位于句首。但在therebe結構、疑問句(當主語不是疑問詞時)和倒裝句,主語謂語謂語、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可以由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:11/7/20224一、句法基礎知識一、定義:構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句Chinesehasbecomemoreandmorepopular.

TheyoftenspeakEnglishinclass.

Two-thirdsofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.名詞代詞數(shù)詞不定式動名詞名詞化的形容詞主語從句形式主語11/7/20225Chinesehasbecomemoreandmo2、謂語:謂語說明主語所作的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構成如下:1)簡單謂語:有一個動詞或動詞短語構成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2)復合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系動詞加表語構成。如:Youarestudents.11/7/202262、謂語:謂語說明主語所作的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句3.表語:表示主語的身分、狀態(tài)或特征,它一般位于系動詞(如:be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.()Isityours?Theweatherhasturnedcold.ThreetimessevenistwentyoneHisjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.名詞(代詞形容詞數(shù)詞不定式動名詞介詞短語11/7/202273.表語:表示主語的身分、狀態(tài)或特征,它一般位于系動詞(如Timeisup.Theclassisover.

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.4、賓語:表示動作的對象或承受者,一般謂語及物動詞和介詞的后面。例如:Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.(名詞)Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)副詞)表語從句11/7/20228Timeisup.Theclassisover.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)

Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動名詞短語)

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)賓語的種類:(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語)如:Lendme

yourdictionary,please.(2)復合賓語(賓語+賓補)如:Theyelectedhim

theirmonitor.11/7/20229Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeir5.賓語補足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還要有一個賓語補足語,才能使句子意義完整。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為:某些及物動詞(如make等+賓語+賓補)。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當。HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.名詞形容詞副詞動詞不定式11/7/2022105.賓語補足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還Wesawherenteringtheroom.

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.6.定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞或短語或從句稱為定語。定于可以有下列成分表示:Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.現(xiàn)在分詞介詞短語從句形容詞分詞名詞11/7/202211Wesawherenteringtheroom.

HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(動詞不定式)Theteachingplanforthenexttermhasbeenworkedout.Heisreading

anarticleabouthowtolearn

English.7.

狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示:Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)動名詞介詞短語11/7/202212HisrapidprogressinEnglishHeisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)Waitaminute.(名詞)Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)狀語種類如下:11/7/202213HeisproudtohavepassedtheHowaboutmeetingagainatsix?Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.ShecameinwithadictionaryinherhandInordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.時間狀語原因狀語條件狀語地點狀語方式狀語伴隨狀語目的狀語結果狀語11/7/202214HowaboutmeetingagainatsiSheworksveryhardthoughsheisveryold.Iamtallerthanheis.讓步狀語比較狀語11/7/202215Sheworksveryhardthoughshe二.高中英語五種基本句型及鞏固練習課件

2013--03-2911/7/202216二.高中英語五種基本句型及鞏固練習課件11/3/2Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolwasover.MichaelandJackfromGrade1weregoinghomebybike.Theyweretalkingandlaughinghappily.Whentheysawacarpassingby,theystartedtorunafterit.Itwasveryinteresting.Thebusstoppedwhenthetrafficlightturnedred.Thetwostudentscouldn’tstoptheirbikesintime.Michael

brokehisleftarmandJackhurthisleg.Ittaughtusalessonthatweshouldbecarefulinthestreet.語篇引入:11/7/202217Therewasanaccidentwhic

Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolwasover.MichaelandJackfromGrade1wenthomebybike.Theyweretalkingandlaughinghappily.Whentheysawacarpassingby,theystartedtorunafterit.Itwasveryinteresting.Thebusstoppedwhenthetrafficlightturnedred.Thetwostudentscouldn’tstoptheirbikesintime.MichaelbrokehisleftarmandJackhurthisleg.Ittaughtusalessonthatweshouldbecarefulinthestreet.語篇引入:11/7/202218Therewasanaccidentwhic

英語句子有長在短,有簡有繁,從現(xiàn)象看,似乎千變?nèi)f化,難以捉摸,但從實質(zhì)看,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,找出其共同規(guī)律。英語句子的基本結構可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴大、組合、省略或倒裝。掌握這五種基本句型,是掌握各種英語句子結構的基礎。英語五種基本句型列式如下:

基本句型一:S+V(主+謂)

基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)

基本句型三:S+V+O(主+謂+賓)

基本句型四:S+V+IO+O(主+謂+間賓+直賓)

基本句型五:S+V+O+C(主+謂+賓+賓補)演繹語法:11/7/202219英語句子有長在短,有簡有繁,從現(xiàn)象看,似乎千五種基本句型與Therebe..(1)主+謂

Theyareworkinghard.(2)主+謂+賓

Iforgot

tomailtheletteryesterday.(3)主+謂+賓+賓He

gave

meanewbicycle.(4)主+系+表

He

isauniversitystudent.(5)主+謂+賓+賓補

KarlMarx

made

Londonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.(6)Therebe+主語

Thereis

aholeinthewall.11/7/202220五種基本句型與Therebe..(1)主+謂T各種詞類及其在句子中的作用:

1.Nouns(n.)名詞:-----主語(S),賓語(O),表語(P)等

2.Verbs(v.)動詞----謂語(V)

(vt.及物動詞/vi.不及物動詞)3.Pronouns(pron.)代詞:----主語,賓語,表語等e.g.Katehasapiano.Shelikesitverymuch.

____S___V_______O___S___V

__O

11/7/202221各種詞類及其在句子中的作用:________________4.Adjectives(adj.)形容詞:----定語(At.)表語(P)e.g.Theovercoatisverybeautiful.Thisisaverybeautifulovercoat.5.Adverbs(adv.)副詞:------狀語(Ad.)6.Numerals(num.)數(shù)詞:------定語,表語,主語等e.g.25(desks)______(be)enough.7.Articles(art.)冠詞:一般不單獨構成句子成分

(At.)(P)is11/7/2022224.Adjectives(adj.)形容詞:(At8.Prepositions(prep.)介詞(in,at,on,…)

prep.+n.介詞短語-----狀語(Ad.),表語等e.g.Wecanseethebikeunderthetree.9.Conjunctions(conj.)連詞(and,or,but,so…)一般不構成成分,僅起連接作用10.Interjections(interj.)感嘆詞(ah,oh,yeah…)一般不構成成分,起加強語氣作用11/7/2022238.Prepositions(prep.)介詞(in英語基本句型-------1主謂結構11/7/202224英語基本句型11/3/202224基本句型1--主謂結構

此句型的句子有一個共同特點,即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞,后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。11/7/202225基本句型1--主謂結構11/3/2022251主謂結構

本結構是由主語加不及物的謂語動詞構成,常用來表示主語的動作。如:Thesunrises.Tomhasalreadyleft.主語可有修飾語-定語,謂語可有修飾語-狀語。如:

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirst

bus.4.Shesatthere

alone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weak

buildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.11/7/2022261主謂結構如:1.TheredsunrisesiSV(不及物動詞)

1.Time

2.Themoon

3.She4.They

5.He6.I

7.They8.He9.He10.Theyflies.rose.

singsbeautifully.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterdaywoke.

talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterday.isplaying.havegone.11/7/202227SV(不及物動詞)1練習11鳥在飛翔。2她的寶寶在哭。3太陽正在落山。4誰也沒笑。Birdsareflying.Herbabyiscrying.Thesunissetting.Noonelaughed.11/7/202228練習11鳥在飛翔。Birdsareflying.He練習25你唱得很美。6我咳了一夜。7我們很少在外邊吃飯。8昨天發(fā)生了事故。Yousingbeautifully.Icoughedallnight.

Weseldomdineout.Theaccidentoccurredyesterday.

11/7/202229練習25你唱得很美。Yousingbeautifull主語可有修飾語-定語,謂語可有修飾語-狀語。如:

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesatthere

alone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.11/7/202230如:1.Theredsunrisesinthe(主語+不及物動詞)擴展和修飾Theboyspoketohisteacher.Thelittleboyspokeloudlytohisteacher.TheboynamedTomspoketohismathteacherinalowvoice.ThelittleboycalledTomspoketohisChineseteacher.11/7/202231(主語+不及物動詞)擴展和修飾Theboyspoketyesterdayevening.

hepasttenyears.in1919.1.她昨天回家很晚。2.會議將持續(xù)兩個小時。3.在過去的十年里,(在)我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。4.1919年,(在)北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運動。ShewenthomeverylateThemeetingwilllast

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownTheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijing

鞏固練習:11/7/202232yesterdayevening.twohours.iinthemorning.

toborrowbooks.tothesouth.

fiveyearsago.fivekilos.

everyday.

5.每天八時開始上課。6.這個盒子重五公斤。7.五年前我住在北京。8.秋天有些鳥飛到南方去。9.我的爺爺早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有許多學生到圖書館來借書。ClassesbeginateightThisboxweighsIlivedinBeijingsomebirdsflyInautumn,MygrandfathergetsupearlyalotofstudentscomeEveryafternoon

tothelibrary11/7/202233inthemorning.toborrowbook11.會議有可能開兩個半小時.12.我所就讀的學校坐落在那個美麗的湖邊.13.她盼望已久的機會終于到來了.14.正在睡覺的嬰兒笑了.Themeetingwilllasttwoandahalfhours.TheschoollieswhereIstudybythebeautifullake.Thechancecamewhichshewantedtogetforalongtimeatlast.Thebaby

smiles.sleeping11/7/20223411.會議有可能開兩個半小時.Themeetingwil英語基本句型-----2主系表結構11/7/202235英語基本句型11/3/202235

基本句型2

S+V+P(主+系+表)

此句型的句子謂語動詞不能表達一個完整的意思,必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構成復合謂語,才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。11/7/202236基本句型211/3/20英語基本句型-2主系表結構

本結構是由主語+系動詞+表語組成,主要用以說明主語的特征,類屬,狀態(tài),身份等。系動詞有:1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的

be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示狀態(tài)變化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;

11/7/202237英語基本句型-2主系表結構11/3/202237OurEnglishteacheristhirtyyearsold.Thecaketastesdelicious.

Wefeelusedtolivinginbigcities.Thepotatoeswentbadinthefields.Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework.

Deepwaterstaysstill.11/7/202238OurEnglishteacheristhirty練習11今天我感覺不太舒服。2他看上去很累。3你的湯味道很好。4她似乎對計劃不感興趣。Idon’tfeelverywelltoday.Helooksverytired.Yoursouptastesverygood.Shedoesn’tseemveryinterestedintheplan.

11/7/202239練習11今天我感覺不太舒服。Idon’tfeelve

5天越來越冷了。6孩子不久就睡著了。7他長得相當高了。8聽到這消息她臉色變得蒼白。It’sgettingcold.

Soonthechildfellasleep.Shewentpaleatthenews.Hehasgrownquitetall.11/7/2022405天越來越冷了。It’sgett(主語+連系動詞+表語)擴展和修飾Thesouptastesgood.Tooursurprise,Thesouptastesgood.Thesouptastesgood,whichisbeyondourexpectation.Franklyspeaking,Thesouptastesgood.Tobehonest,Thesouptastessogoodastosurpriseeveryone.11/7/202241(主語+連系動詞+表語)擴展和修飾Thesouptast鞏固練習:1.冬季白天短,夜晚長。2.十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。3.孩子們很少保持安靜。4.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.Attheageoffifteen,hebecameafamouspianist.Childrenseldomkeepquiet.

Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.11/7/202242鞏固練習:Inwinter,thedaysares5.他失業(yè)了。6.樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了7.這個報告聽起來很有意思Heisoutofwork.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.Thereportsoundsinteresting11/7/2022435.他失業(yè)了。Heisoutofwork.The1.AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.主系表句型的幾個特例:2.Wearegreatlysurprisedtomeethimthere.3.Itisnotagoodideatospendyourvacationwithstrangers.4.Itiskindofyoutosayso.5.Itisnoteasyforthemtogotherebybike.6.IsitTomwhoisplayingthepiano?7.Itisafactthattheycan’tpasstheexam.11/7/2022441.AsinChina,theweatheris英語基本句型----3主謂賓結構11/7/202245英語基本句型11/3/202245

基本句型3

S+V+O(主+謂+賓)

此句型句子的共同特點是謂語動詞都具有實義,都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作,但不能表達完整的意思,必須跟有一個賓語,即動作的承受者,才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。11/7/202246基本句型311/3/20224英語基本句型-3主謂賓結構

本結構是由主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語構成。賓語成分的多樣化使得這一結構異常復雜。如:1.Tommadeaholeinthewall.2.Idon’tknowifhecancometomorrow.3.Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretogonext.4.ShestoppedteachingEnglishtwoyearsago.5.Ittookthemtenyearstobuildthedam.7.Motherpromisestogivemeapresent.11/7/202247英語基本句型-3主謂賓結構本結構是由主語+及物的謂語SV(實義動詞)O(賓語)1.Who2.She3.He8.He5.They6.I7.Hetheanswer?her.

English.

cakes.

someapples.tohaveacupoftea.

Goodmorning.

knowslaughsat

understandsmadeatewant

said11/7/202248SV(實義動詞)O(賓語)1.Whotheans(主語+及物動詞+賓語)擴展和修飾Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday,whichdisappointedmymumsomuch.11/7/202249(主語+及物動詞+賓語)擴展和修飾Iforgottom1.昨晚我寫了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談談。3.這本書他讀過多次了4.他們成功地完成了計劃。5.那位先生能流利地說三種語言。

Iwrotealetterlastnight.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.Thatgentlemancanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.鞏固練習:11/7/2022501.昨晚我寫了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談談。3.這本書他6.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。7.Jim還不會自己穿衣服。8.我們大家都相信Jack是一個誠實男孩。9.他不知道說什麼好。10.我開窗戶你在意嗎?

Ireceived

aletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.Jimcannotdresshimself.Allofusbelieve

thatJackisanhonestboy.

Hedidnotknowwhattosay.Doyoumind

myopeningthewindow?

11/7/2022516.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。Ireceived英語基本句型----4雙賓語結構11/7/202252英語基本句型11/3/202252英語基本句型4雙賓語結構

說明:此結構由“主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(事物)”組成。如:Hebringsmecookieseveryday.但若要先說出直接賓語(事物),后說間接賓語(人),則要借助于介詞to或for。如:Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to側重指動作的方向,表示朝著,向著,對著某人。用for側重指動作的受益者,表示為了某人,替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有:(需借助to的)bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等;(需借助for的)buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。11/7/202253英語基本句型4雙賓語結構11/3/202253(主語+及物動詞+間接賓語

+直接賓語)擴展和修飾Grandmatoldmeastory.Asexpected,Grandmatoldmeastory.Grandmatoldmeastoryforthepurposeofcheeringmeup.Grandmatoldmeonestoryafter

another

inthehopeofcheeringmeup.11/7/202254(主語+及物動詞+間接賓語

SV(及物)(多指人)O(多指物)1.She2.She3.He8.He5.I6.I7.I4.Hepassed

cookedbrought

boughtshowed

gavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.11/7/202255SV(及物)(多指人)O(多指物)1.Shepassedh1.Johnson先生去年教我們德語。2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個有趣的故事。3.請把那本字典遞給我好嗎?4.他把車票給列車員看。

MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.Grandma

told

meaninterestingstorylastnight.Wouldyoupleasepass

methedictionary?Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.11/7/2022561.Johnson先生去年教我們德語。MrJohnso5.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?6.新式機器將會為你節(jié)省許多勞動。7.他用他的第一個月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣Shall

Icallyouataxi?Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabour.He

bought

anewcoatforhismotherwithhisfirstmonth’ssalary.11/7/2022575.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?ShallIcallyou英語基本句型---5復合賓語結構11/7/202258英語基本句型11/3/202258英語基本句型5復合賓語結構說明:此結構由“主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”構成。賓語與賓語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關系或主表關系,若無賓語補足語,則句意不夠完整??梢杂米鲑e補的有:名詞,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語,動詞不定式,分詞等。如:Thesunkeepsuswarm.

Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut.

TheymadeTommonitor.Heusedtodohishomeworkwithhisradioon.用it做形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的后面,以使句子結構平衡,是英語常用的句型結構方式。即:主語+謂語+it+賓補+真正賓語。如:Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.11/7/202259英語基本句型5復合賓語結構11/3/202259SV(及物)O(賓語)OC(賓補)1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ithetablethedoor

supperthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomeback.gettingonthebus.keeppaintedcallfound

makessawaskedsaw11/7/202260SV(及物)O(賓語)OC(賓補)1.Wethetab1.我們叫她Alice.2.我們大家都認為他是誠實的。

3.他們把小偷釋放了。4.我要你把真相告訴我。5.衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開。WecallherAlice.

Allofusconsideredhimhonest.Theyhavesetthethieffree.

Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.

Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.

鞏固練習11/7/2022611.我們叫她Alice.WecallherAlice6.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。

7.他每個月理一次發(fā)8.我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.

Hehashishaircutonceamonth.

Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.

9.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了10.她正在聽人家講故事。Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.

Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.

11/7/2022626.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。Everymo11.我從來沒看見這個字這樣用過。12.他感到很難跟你交談。

13.我認為有可能用另一種方法解題。14.學校定了一條規(guī)則,開始上課時學生要起立。

Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.

Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.

Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.

Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclassbegins.

11/7/20226311.我從來沒看見這個字這樣用過。Ihavenever英語基本句型----6

Therebe句型11/7/202264英語基本句型11/3/202264英語基本句型6Therebe句型

說明:此句型是由“there+be+主語+狀語”構成,用以表達存在關系可以稱“……有……”。它其實是倒裝的一種情況,主語位于謂語動詞be之后,there僅為引導詞,并無實際語意。此句型有時不用be動詞,而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如:Therestandsahillinthemiddleofthepark.Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldkinginthetown.11/7/202265英語基本句型6Therebe句型11/3Be與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致,有時態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如:現(xiàn)在有thereis/are…過去有therewas/were…將來有therewillbe…;thereis/aregoingtobe...現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有therehas/havebeen…可能有theremightbe...肯定有theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...過去曾經(jīng)有thereusedtobe…似乎有thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有therehappen/happens/happenedtobe…11/7/202266Be與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致,有時態(tài)和Therebe+主語(例句)TherewasabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.ThereseemedtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherewassaidtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherehappenedtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.Therecouldn’thavebeenabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.11/7/202267Therebe+主語(例句)Therewasa鞏固練習:1.這個村子過去只有一口井。

2.客人當中有兩名美國人和兩名法國人。

3.天氣預報說下午有大風。

4.燈亮著,辦公室里肯定有人。

5.戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的.AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.

Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneintheoffice.

Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.11/7/202268鞏固練習:Amongthegueststherewe6.恰好那時房里沒人。7.從前,在海邊的一個村子里住著一位老漁夫。8.公共汽車來了。9.就只剩下二十八美元了。10.鈴響了。

Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroomatthattime.

Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.Therecomesthebus.Thereremainedonlytwenty–eightdollars.Theregoesthebell.11/7/2022696.恰好那時房里沒人。T廣州培英中學簡介地理位置位于廣州荔灣區(qū)西部,占地面積近20多萬平方米。歷史1879年由美國那夏禮博士(DoctorRev.Henry)創(chuàng)辦組成大約有學生近8000人,教職員工500多人。特色環(huán)境舒適安靜,教學設備先進,是廣州地區(qū)規(guī)模最大的寄宿制學校(boardingschool)之一。培英正在為祖國的教育事業(yè)做出奉獻。主題習作:11/7/202270廣州培英中學簡介地理位置位于廣州荔灣區(qū)西部,占地面積近20多Onepossibleversion:

LocatedinthewesternpartofLiwanDistrict,PeiyingMiddleSchoolisoneofthelargestboardingschoolsinGZ.Itwasfounded

byDoctorRev.Henryin1879withahistoryofmorethan128years.Peiying,whichcoversatotalareaofnearly200,000squaremeters,has

approximately8000studentsaswellas500teachersandstaff.11/7/202271Onepossibleversion:LocOnepossibleversion:Withitsadvancedteachingfacilities,Peiyingoffersthestudentsacomfortableandquietenvironment.Nowitismakinggreateffortstocontributetotheeducationofourhomeland.11/7/202272Onepossibleversion:Wit一.句子成分二.五種基本句型

提綱

2013-03-2911/7/202273提綱11/3/20221Sentenceelements謂語(v)定語(Attr)主語(s)賓語(IO,O)狀語(Ad)補語(Cs,Co)主語謂語Vtlink-VVi賓語賓語賓補表語賓語(間)賓語(直)Revision表語(P)11/7/202274Sentenceelements謂語定語主語賓語

一、句法基礎知識

201303-2911/7/202275一、句法基礎知識11/3/20223一、句法基礎知識一、定義:構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。二、成分分析1、主語:主語是一個句子所敘述的主題,一般位于句首。但在therebe結構、疑問句(當主語不是疑問詞時)和倒裝句,主語謂語謂語、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可以由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:11/7/202276一、句法基礎知識一、定義:構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句Chinesehasbecomemoreandmorepopular.

TheyoftenspeakEnglishinclass.

Two-thirdsofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.名詞代詞數(shù)詞不定式動名詞名詞化的形容詞主語從句形式主語11/7/202277Chinesehasbecomemoreandmo2、謂語:謂語說明主語所作的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構成如下:1)簡單謂語:有一個動詞或動詞短語構成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2)復合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系動詞加表語構成。如:Youarestudents.11/7/2022782、謂語:謂語說明主語所作的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句3.表語:表示主語的身分、狀態(tài)或特征,它一般位于系動詞(如:be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.()Isityours?Theweatherhasturnedcold.ThreetimessevenistwentyoneHisjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.名詞(代詞形容詞數(shù)詞不定式動名詞介詞短語11/7/2022793.表語:表示主語的身分、狀態(tài)或特征,它一般位于系動詞(如Timeisup.Theclassisover.

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.4、賓語:表示動作的對象或承受者,一般謂語及物動詞和介詞的后面。例如:Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.(名詞)Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)副詞)表語從句11/7/202280Timeisup.Theclassisover.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)

Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動名詞短語)

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)賓語的種類:(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語)如:Lendme

yourdictionary,please.(2)復合賓語(賓語+賓補)如:Theyelectedhim

theirmonitor.11/7/202281Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeir5.賓語補足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還要有一個賓語補足語,才能使句子意義完整。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為:某些及物動詞(如make等+賓語+賓補)。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當。HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.名詞形容詞副詞動詞不定式11/7/2022825.賓語補足語:英語中有些及物動詞,除有一個直接賓語以外,還Wesawherenteringtheroom.

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.6.定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞或短語或從句稱為定語。定于可以有下列成分表示:Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.現(xiàn)在分詞介詞短語從句形容詞分詞名詞11/7/202283Wesawherenteringtheroom.

HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(動詞不定式)Theteachingplanforthenexttermhasbeenworkedout.Heisreading

anarticleabouthowtolearn

English.7.

狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示:Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)動名詞介詞短語11/7/202284HisrapidprogressinEnglishHeisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)Waitaminute.(名詞)Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)狀語種類如下:11/7/202285HeisproudtohavepassedtheHowaboutmeetingagainatsix?Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.ShecameinwithadictionaryinherhandInordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.時間狀語原因狀語條件狀語地點狀語方式狀語伴隨狀語目的狀語結果狀語11/7/202286HowaboutmeetingagainatsiSheworksveryhardthoughsheisveryold.Iamtallerthanheis.讓步狀語比較狀語11/7/202287Sheworksveryhardthoughshe二.高中英語五種基本句型及鞏固練習課件

2013--03-2911/7/202288二.高中英語五種基本句型及鞏固練習課件11/3/2Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolwasover.MichaelandJackfromGrade1weregoinghomebybike.Theyweretalkingandlaughinghappily.Whentheysawacarpassingby,theystartedtorunafterit.Itwasveryinteresting.Thebusstoppedwhenthetrafficlightturnedred.Thetwostudentscouldn’tstoptheirbikesintime.Michael

brokehisleftarmandJackhurthisleg.Ittaughtusalessonthatweshouldbecarefulinthestreet.語篇引入:11/7/202289Therewasanaccidentwhic

Therewasanaccidentwhichhappenedtotwostudentsinourschoolyesterdayafternoon.Schoolw

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