考研考博-英語-中國刑事警察學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國刑事警察學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

He______tohisroommateforbeingsorudeyesterday.

問題1選項

A.apologized

B.dissolved

C.worried

D.doubted

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項apologized“道歉”；B選項dissolved“溶解；解散（(組織或機構(gòu))”；C選項worried“擔心”；D選項doubted“懷疑”。句意：他昨天太粗魯了，所以向室友______。根據(jù)語境，因為粗魯而道歉比較合理，A選項apologized“道歉”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

Veterandoctorscanoftenreflectonpastexperiencestodrawlessonsforthepresent;youngresidentdoctors,however,rarelyhavetheadvantagesofsuch（

）.

問題1選項

A.retrospection

B.vagueness

C.hostility

D.misconceptions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。retrospection回顧；反?。蛔窇?；vagueness模糊；含糊；茫然；hostility敵意；misconception誤解。句意：經(jīng)驗豐富的醫(yī)生可以經(jīng)常反思過去的經(jīng)歷來汲取教訓，然而，年輕的住院部醫(yī)師卻很少有這樣反省的優(yōu)勢。由Veterandoctorscanoftenreflectonpastexperiences以及while可知，句子前后形成對比，經(jīng)驗豐富的醫(yī)生有經(jīng)歷可反思和回顧，而年輕的醫(yī)生卻沒有這樣的優(yōu)勢。空格處所填單詞應與reflect意思接近，答案為A。

3.單選題

Asawayof（）themailswhiletheywereaway,theJohnsonsaskedthecleaningladytosendlittleprintedslipsaskingthesenderstowriteagainlater.

問題1選項

A.pickingup

B.copingwith

C.passingout

D.gettingacross

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析。pickup撿起，獲得；copewith處理，應付；passout昏倒，分發(fā)；getacross通過，使被理解。根據(jù)下文，讓清潔女工把打印好的小紙條寄出去讓寄件人稍后再寫。這是處理郵件的一種方式，所以選項B符合句意。

4.單選題

Amanwhobecomesconsciousoftheresponsibilityhebearstowardahumanbeingwhoaffectionatelywaitsforhim,won’tbeabletothrowawayhislife.Heknowsthe“（）’’forhisexistence,andwillbeabletobearany“（

）”.

問題1選項

A.how...why

B.why...how

C.when...Why

D.where...how

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。how表方式，why表原因，when表時間，where表地點，根據(jù)題意，他知道她存在的原因和意義，可知第一空填why。句意：一個人如果意識到他對一個深情地等待著他的人所承擔的責任，他就不能拋棄自己的生命。因為他會意識到自己存在的原因，并且能夠承受未來的一切。選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Alargeportionofthepopulationprefersthenon-medicationorientationofpsychology.Ifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications,manyoftheirpatientsseekingalternativetreatmentmightturntosocialworkersorothernon-medicaltherapists.Thereislittlequestionthatpsychologists’prescriptionprivilegescouldhaveprofoundeffectsonthefuturedirectionoftheirprofession.

Inadditiontoimprovedesteem,psychologistshavearguedthatprescriptionprivilegeswillbringthemgreaterfinancialrewards.DatapresentedbytheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationrevealedthatpsychiatristsengagingsolelyinpsycho-therapeuticinterventionsearnapproximatelyone-thirdofwhatpsychiatristsdowhoevaluateandmedicatepatients.Thetemptationoffinancialrewardsmaylurepsychologiststoabandontraditionalpsychotherapeuticinterventionsinfavorofamedicalmodel.Itshouldbenoted,though,thatpsychologistsareout-producingpsychiatristsbyaboutthreefold,strongevidencethatthegeneralpublicprefersapsycho-therapeuticapproachoveramedicalone.

Somepsychologistsarguethatgainingtherighttoprescribepsychotropicmedicationwouldeliminatetheneedfortwopractitionersandalleviatetheaddedfinancialburdenplaceduponthepatients.Inthecaseofpsychologistswhosecaseloadsarehighgainingprescriptionprivilegesmayraisequestionsastowhethertheyshouldreferpatientstoanon-prescribingmentalhealthprofessionalfortherapybecausethesepsychologistsincreasinglyarefocusingonevaluationsandmedication,thuslimitingtheirtimeforpsycho-therapeuticinterventions.Psychotropicmedicationsarenotpurportedtocurementaldisordersand.inmostcases,suchdrugsareutilizedinconjunctionwiththerapyasthebestapproachtotreatingpatients.

Legalandethicalissuesassociatedwithpsychologists'prescribingprivilegeswilldependuponthelevelofpracticetheypursue.Inthepast,psychologistshadbeenrelativelyimmunefrommalpracticeliability.Allegationsthatimpropercarecausedinjuryaremoredifficulttoprovewhenpsychotherapyisthetreatmentofchoicebecausethestandardsoftenareambiguousandmentalinjuryisdifficulttoascertain.Whenpsychopharmacologyisthetreatmentofchoice,thestandardofcareisclearerandthelikelihoodofphysicalharmisgreater,therebymakingiieasierforplaintiffstoprovetheirallegations.Psychiatricmalpracticeratescurrentlyareupto24timeshigherthanpsychologicalmalpracticecoverage,dependinguponthestate.

1.TheauthormentioneddatapresentedbytheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationI(Paragraph2)inorderto（

）.

2.Itseemsthatifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications

（

）.

3.Malpracticeallegationswouldincreaseoncepsychologistsgainedtherighttoprescribebecause（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.pointoutthemeritofthepsychologists'prescriptionprivileges

B.citeauthoritativeevidencetogainsupportformedicaltreatment

C.showwhysomepsychologistsareinfavorofgainingtherighttoprescribe

D.indicatethedifferentsituationfortwopractitioners

問題2選項

A.theywouldhavemorepatientsandgetmorefinancialrewards

B.theywouldfindoutthebestapproachtocuringmentaldisorders

C.manyoftheirpatientswouldshouldermorefinancialburden

D.manyoftheirpatientswouldprefertraditionalpsycho-therapeuticinterventions.

問題3選項

A.medicaldrugsmightcausegreatermentalinjury

B.patientswouldbemorelikelytogetphysicalharm

C.clientswouldfinditeasiertoproveinjurycausedbyimpropercare

D.psychologistswouldnolongerbeimmunefromprosecution

問題4選項

A.thegeneralpublicshowsmorerespectforthosepsychologistswhoseldommedicatepatients

B.psychologists'prescriptionprivilegesremainadisputableissue

C.mostpsychiatristsaresatisfiedwiththeirearnings

D.psychotherapyshouldbethefirstchoicetotreatmentaldiseases

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由“Inadditiontoimprovedesteem,psychologistshavearguedthatprescriptionprivilegeswillbringthemgreaterfinancialrewards.除了提高自尊，心理學家認為，處方特權(quán)會給他們帶來更大的經(jīng)濟回報?！笨芍恍┬睦磲t(yī)生更希望獲得處方權(quán)是因為這能給他們帶來更多的錢財報酬。之后作者用數(shù)據(jù)論證該論點。答案C

第2題:細節(jié)事實題?！癐fpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications,manyoftheirpatientsseekingalternativetreatmentmightturntosocialworkersorothernon-medicaltherapists.如果心理學家開始開藥，許多尋求替代治療的患者可能會轉(zhuǎn)向社會工作者或其他非醫(yī)療治療師?！笨芍狣項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。從第四段“Whenpsychopharmacologyisthetreatmentofchoice,thestandardofcareisclearerandthelikelihoodofphysicalharmisgreater,therebymakingiteasierforplaintiffstoprovetheirallegations.Psychiatricmalpracticeratescurrentlyareupto24timeshigherthanpsychologicalmalpracticecoverage,dependinguponthestate.當人們選擇精神藥物學治療時，護理標準更清晰，身體傷害的可能性更大，從而使原告更容易證明他們的指控。根據(jù)各州的情況，精神科醫(yī)療事故的發(fā)生率比精神科醫(yī)療事故的覆蓋率高24倍。”可知當心理學家獲得處方權(quán)，即成為精神藥物學家時，醫(yī)療事故的指控會增多，因為人們更容易找到由于護理不當對身體造成的傷害的控訴證據(jù)。故C項正確。

第4題:主旨大意題?？v觀全文，第一段提到了如果心理醫(yī)生獲得開處方的權(quán)利，那么將會對這種職業(yè)產(chǎn)生深遠影響，并且指出大部分人喜歡傳統(tǒng)的心理療法，而非藥物治療。第三段提到了藥物治療的好處，最后一段提到了藥物治療的弊端即造成醫(yī)療事故的控訴不斷增多。故作者認為藥物治療是存在爭議的。B項正確。ACD三項在文中都未提及。

6.單選題

Chinawill___smokinginmostpublicplaceslaterthisyear.

問題1選項

A.ban

B.fight

C.against

D.object

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ban禁止；取締B.fight與……斗爭

C.against反對，違反（介詞）D.object提出……作為反對的理由；反對；拒絕

【考查點】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】A、B、C、D四個選項都有“反對”的意思。由空格處可知，空格前是助動詞will，因此空格處填一個動詞?？崭窈蠼觿釉~的ing形式。只有A選項ban“禁止”滿足這兩個條件。因此選項A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B選項fight加介詞加doingsth；

C選項against是介詞；

D選項object的用法是objectsth或objecttodoingsth。

以上選項均不搭配。

【句意】今年晚些時候，中國將在大部分公共場所禁煙。

7.單選題

Whereanyonereachingtheageof60wasconsideredtobeneardeath’sdoorattheturnofthe20thcentury,itisbarelyoldenoughforretirementattheturnofthe2lstcentury.Andscientistsarestillnotholdingback.Theysaythatasnewanti-ageingtreatmentsbecomeavailable,ourspecieswillgetevenolder.Whilefewwouldarguethatlivinglongerisanattractiveidea,therapidincreaseinthenumberofyearsbegsaquestion:Canourhealthexpectancybeascloseaspossibletoourlifeexpectancy?

Predictionsforfuturehealthexpectancyhavechangedoverthepastfewdecades.Inthe1980s,lifeexpectancywasincreasing,butthebestdatasuggestedthatforeveryincreasedyearoflifeexpectancy,agreaterfractionwasdisabledlifeexpectancy.Whatwewouldseewasapilingupofchronicillnessandrelateddisabilitywhichmedicalsciencecouldn’tprevent.

Butthatworldviewchangedsuddenlyintheearly1990swiththepublicationofastudybyresearchersatDukeUniversity,whohadbeenfollowingthehealthof20,000peopleforalmostadecade.Theyshowedthatdisabilityamongtheelderlywasnotonlydropping,butitwasdoingsoatanever-increasingrate.

ArianRichardson,directoroftheBarshopInstituteforAgeingandLongevityresearch,predictsthatunderstandingthemechanismsbehindcalorierestrictionandothergeneticreasonsbehindageingcouldbeusedwithinthenexttwodecadestogivepeopleseveralextrahealthyyearsoflife.Restricthowmuchananimaleats,forexample,anditwilllivelonger.Inlabexperiments,ratsoncalorie-restricteddietswerefoundtobephysiologicallyyounger,gotdiseaseslaterinlifeand,atanyrate,hadlessseverecases.“Fromthemodelsthathavebeenlookedat,theincreaseinlifespanisusuallyintherangeof15%-30%maximum,”saysRichardson.Cuttingcaloriesisthoughttotriggeraswitchinananimal’'sbehaviorfromnormaltoastateofstasisinwhichgrowthandageingaretemporarilyputonhold.Whenfoodbecomesavailableagain,theanimal’sbehaviorswitchesback.

Richardsonsaysthatthinkingaboutstoppingageingisa“l(fā)ittlebitsilly”atthemomentbutdoesn’tdismissitaltogether,arguingthatnoneoftheillnessesrelatedtoageingshouldbeinevitable.Startwithahigh-qualitybody(andthatmeanseatingyourgreens,notsmokinganddoinglotsofexerciseinyouryoungerdays)andyoucankeepitgoingforlongerwithhighqualitymaintenance.“It’llbelikethedifferencebetweenaRolls-Royceandacheapcar.”

1.Itcanbeseenfromthefirstparagraphthatpeoplehavedoubtsonwhether（）.

2.Inthe1980s,thedataonpeople’shealthexpectancy（）.

3.Inthelabexperimentonrats,（）.

4.Richardsonbelievesthat（）.

5.Rolls-Royceisusedtoconveytheideathat（）.

問題1選項

A.ispossibletolivealongerhealthyandlifet

B.humanscanliveaslongasscientistspredictt

C.livinglongerisstillconsideredagoodideat

D.newanti-ageingtreatmentsaresafeforhumanst

問題2選項

A.gaveanoptimisticpredictiont

B.showedanunclearfuturet

C.ledtoapessimisticperceptiont

D.turnedouttobeamixedblessingt

問題3選項

A.foodrestrictionisnottheonlyfactorprovedtohaveworkedt

B.responsestofoodrestrictionvaryfromanimaltoanimalt

C.theanimals’lifespanincreaseswiththeamountoffoodeatent

D.differentamountsoffoodcauseachangeintheanimals’behaviort

問題4選項

A.itisimpossibleforhumanstostopageingt

B.itisworthlesstotalkaboutstoppingageingt

C.stoppingageingisadreamthatmaycometruet

D.illnessisthebiggestobstacletostoppingageingt

問題5選項

A.qualitylifeisoutofreachformostpeoplet

B.qualitylifecanslowdowntheprocessofagingt

C.howlongonecanlivedependsonthegenesonecarriest

D.themoremoneyoneinvestsinhealth,thehealthieronewillbe

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“從第一段可以看出，人們對是否……持懷疑態(tài)度”。第一段最后一句提到Canourhealthexpectancybeascloseaspossibletoourlifeexpectancy?（我們的健康預期能達到我們的預期壽命嗎？），由此可推斷，人們對自身能活得健康長壽持懷疑態(tài)度，故A項“有可能活得更健康和長壽”符合題意。B項“人類可以活得和科學家預測的一樣長”和C項“活得更長仍然被認為是一個好主意”是肯定的細節(jié)描述，與題干不符；D項“新的抗衰老療法對人類是安全的”，內(nèi)容與文章無關(guān)。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“20世紀80年代，人們的健康預期數(shù)據(jù)……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段Inthe1980s,lifeexpectancywasincreasing,butthebestdatasuggestedthatforeveryincreasedyearoflifeexpectancy,agreaterfractionwasdisabledlifeexpectancy.Whatwewouldseewasapilingupofchronicillnessandrelateddisabilitywhichmedicalsciencecouldn’tprevent.（在20世紀80年代，預期壽命在增加，但最好的數(shù)據(jù)表明，預期壽命每增加一年，殘疾預期壽命的比例就更大；我們將看到的是醫(yī)學無法預防的慢性疾病和相關(guān)殘疾的堆積），由此可知，人們的健康預期數(shù)據(jù)并不樂觀，故C項“導致悲觀的看法”正確。A項“給出一個樂觀的預測”和D項“說明情況好壞參半”內(nèi)容與原文不符；B項“前途不明”，第二段未提及。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“在對老鼠的實驗室實驗中，……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第三句的例子Inlabexperiments,ratsoncalorie-restricteddietswerefoundtobephysiologicallyyounger,gotdiseaseslaterinlifeand,atanyrate,hadlessseverecases.（在實驗室實驗中，食用限制熱量飲食的老鼠在生理上更年輕，患疾病的年齡更晚，而且無論如何，病情不那么嚴重），結(jié)合第四段倒數(shù)第二句Cuttingcaloriesisthoughttotriggeraswitchinananimal’sbehaviorfromnormaltoastateofstasisinwhichgrowthandageingaretemporarilyputonhold.（減少熱量攝入會使動物的行為從正常狀態(tài)切換到一種停滯狀態(tài)，在這種狀態(tài)下，生長和衰老暫時被擱置），由此可推斷，不同的熱量攝入對動物行為會有影響，故D項“不同的食物量導致動物行為的改變”符合題意。A項“食物限制并不是被證明有效的唯一因素”與原文不符；B項“對食物限制的反應因動物而異”，文中只提到了老鼠的實驗，沒有參照對比物；C項“動物的壽命隨著食物攝入量的增加而增加”，內(nèi)容與原文相反。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第4題:細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“理查森認為……”。最后一段第一句話提到Richardsonsaysthatthinkingaboutstoppingageingisa“l(fā)ittlebitsilly”atthemomentbutdoesn’tdismissitaltogether,arguingthatnoneoftheillnessesrelatedtoageingshouldbeinevitable.（理查森說，現(xiàn)在考慮停止衰老“有點傻”，但并沒有完全否定它，他認為，與衰老相關(guān)的疾病都不應該是不可避免的），由此可知，與衰老相關(guān)的疾病是可以避免的，所以C項“停止衰老是一個可能實現(xiàn)的夢想”正確。A項“人類不可能停止衰老”與原文相反；B項“談論停止衰老是沒有價值的”與原文不符；D項“疾病是阻止衰老的最大障礙”，原文沒有明確說明疾病是阻止衰老的最大障礙，該項太絕對。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第5題:細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“勞斯萊斯被用來傳達一種……的理念”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章最后兩句Startwithahigh-qualitybody(andthatmeanseatingyourgreens,notsmokinganddoinglotsofexerciseinyouryoungerdays)andyoucankeepitgoingforlongerwithhighqualitymaintenance.“It’llbelikethedifferencebetweenaRolls-Royceandacheapcar.”（從一個高質(zhì)量的身體開始，這意味著年輕的時候吃綠色蔬菜，不吸煙，做大量的運動，你可以通過高質(zhì)量的保養(yǎng)保持更長的時間；“這就像是勞斯萊斯和廉價汽車保養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別”），由此可知，文章通過提到勞斯萊斯與普通汽車的對比舉例，用來說明有質(zhì)量的生活可以減緩衰老的進程，故B項“高質(zhì)量生活可以減緩老化的進程”正確。A項“高質(zhì)量的生活對大多數(shù)人來說是遙不可及的”和C項“一個人能活多久取決于他攜帶的基因”文章未提及；D項“一個人在健康上投資的錢越多，他就會越健康”，該項太絕對。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

8.單選題

TheSantaAnaappealscourtupheldanearlierjuryverdictawarding$3.2millionindamagestoAlexisSartiwhosufferedseriousnervedamageafterafoodpoisoningepisodeatarestaurant.（1）

InApril2005,SartiaterawtunaattheSaltCreekGrillerestaurant.Afterwards,shesufferedfromsuddenparalysisanddoublevision.Shespentthenext49daysinthehospital,andhadtodropoutofcollegeformorethanayearandahalfafterthefoodpoisoningincident,formedicalcareandtherapy.

（2）Musclesandspasmsbotherheronadailybasis,althoughshesaysshe’susedtothesenow.Shehasrecoveredsomewhatsincethen.Butstrenuousactivityisoutofthequestion,andwhat’sworse,sheexpectshersituationtodeteriorateasshegetsolder.

Sartifiledalawsuitagainsttherestaurant,andclaimedcrosscontaminationofthetunawithaformofbacteriathatexistsinrawpoultry.

（3）

TheverdictwassetasidebySuperiorCourtJudgeDerekW.Hunt.The4thDistrictCourtofAppealinSantaAnahasnowoverturnedJudgeHunt’sruling.

Indeliveringhisdecision,JudgeHuntsaidhewasconstrainedbya35-year-oldappellatedecisionthatprohibitsjuriesfromassumingthatcrosscontaminationintherestaurantswastheresultoffaultypracticesofhandling.

TheSantaAnaappealscourtseemstohavedisregardedthatolderappellatedecision.

（4）

Ithasbeencitedforinroperfoodstorage,crosscontaminationandincorrecthandlingonthreeseparateinstances.

ItwasclearthatthenegligentfoodhandlingpracticesatthisrestaurantwereresponsibleforadeadlycrosscontaminationthatresultedinSard’sfoodpoisoning.

（5）

Still,shehasincurredmorethanamilliondollarsworthofmedicalbills,andexpectstoneedmoremedicalcareinthefuture.

問題1選項

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

問題2選項

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

問題3選項

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

問題4選項

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

問題5選項

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

【答案】第1題:E

第2題:D

第3題:F

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.聯(lián)系上下文。本文第一段第一句概述了SantaAna案件的審判結(jié)果。而選項中只有E是總結(jié)這一審判結(jié)果的歷史意義。

2.聯(lián)系上下文。本文第二段主要介紹了Sarti在食品中毒后所受到的身體機能方面的損傷。選項中只有D是關(guān)于她身體所受的傷害。

3.聯(lián)系上下文。此空格下文的中心詞“verdict”前面的定冠詞the使用，提示讀者該詞不是第一次出現(xiàn)在此處，而選項中只有F選項里出現(xiàn)了“averdict”。

4.聯(lián)系上下文。本空格下文中用到指代詞“it”，而且是做“cite”的賓語，所以該代詞可能指“供詞”、“記錄”等文件。

5.聯(lián)系上下文。本題空白后的句子大意為：不包括今后的治療，受害者Sarti目前已經(jīng)承受了100多萬美元的醫(yī)療費用。這句話暗指她這次勝訴與其說是金錢方面的勝訴，不如說是道義上的勝訴。

9.單選題

Aftersuchaconfrontationbetweenthetwoparties,anyreconciliationwouldbe（

）.

問題1選項

A.outofquestion

B.withinquestion

C.withoutquestion

D.outofthequestion

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。A選項“毫無疑問，沒問題”；C選項“毫無疑問”；D選項“不可能，根本談不上”；B選項不是一個短語；根據(jù)句意‘在兩黨之間有了這樣的沖突后，和解是不可能的了’確定D選項正確。

10.單選題

Withawidevarietyoffreshfruit（）available,cannedfruitisnolongersopopularasbefore.

問題1選項

A.personally

B.readily

C.rarely

D.properly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項personally“親自地；當面；個別”；B選項readily“容易地；樂意地”；C選項rarely“很少地”；D選項properly“恰當?shù)亍薄＞湟猓弘S著各種各樣的新鮮水果可（）獲得，罐頭水果不再像以前那樣受歡迎。根據(jù)語境，因為新鮮水果容易購買，于是水果罐頭不那么受歡迎了，readily“容易地”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

11.單選題

WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?Basicresearchistheveryheartofscience,anditscumulativeproductisthecapitalofscientificprogress,acapitalthatmustbeconstantlyincreasedasthedemandsuponitrise.Thegoalofbasicresearchisunderstandingforitsownsake.Understandingofthestructureoftheatomorthenervecell,theexplosionofaspiralnebulaorthedistributionofcosmicdust,thecausesofearthquakesanddroughts,orofmanasabehavingcreatureandofthesocialforcesthatarecreatedwhenevertwoormorehumanbeingscomeintocontactwithoneanother—thescopeisstaggering,butthecommitmenttotruthisthesame.Ifthecommitmentweretoaparticularresult,conflictingevidencemightbeoverlookedor,withthebestwillintheworld,simplynotappreciated.Moreover,thepracticalapplicationsofbasicresearchfrequentlycannotbeanticipated.WhenRoentgen,thephysicist,discoveredX-rays,hehadnoideaoftheirusefulnesstomedicine.

Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.Forpracticalreasons,thesumsspentonappliedresearchinanycountryalwaysfarexceedthoseforbasicresearch,andtheproportionsaremoreunequalinthelessdevelopedcountries.Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly―thefundstheU.S.Governmentallotstobasicresearchcurrentlyamounttoabout7percentofitsoverallresearchanddevelopmentfunds.Unlessadequatesafeguardsareprovided,appliedresearchinvariablytendstodriveoutbasicresearch.Then,asDr.Watermanhaspointedout,“Developmentswillinevitablybeundertakenprematurely,careerincentiveswillgravitatestronglytowardappliedscience,andtheopportunitiesformakingmajorscientificdiscoverieswillbelost.Unfortunately,pressurestoemphasizenewdevelopments,withoutcorrespondingemphasisuponpurescience,tendtodegradethequalityofthenation’stechnologyinthelongrunratherthantoimproveit.”

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Industryisprimarilyinterestedinappliedresearchbecauseit

（

）.

3.Thefederalgovernment

（

）.

4.Lessdevelopedcountries（

）.

問題1選項

A.Roentgen'sIgnoranceofX-rays

B.TheAttractivenessofAppliedResearch

C.TheImportanceofBasicResearch

D.BasicResearchvs.AppliedResearch

問題2選項

A.providesbetterunderstanding

B.isfrowneduponbytheFoundation

C.offersimmediateprofit

D.solvespracticalproblems

問題3選項

A.devotesmorethan90%ofitsresearchanddevelopmentfundstoappliedresearch

B.spendsfarmoreonappliedresearchthanmilitaryproblems

C.opposestheFoundation’sgrantstobasicsearch

D.isnotconcernedaboutthenatureofthesearchbeingdonebythescientistsitemploys

問題4選項

A.devotealargeportionoftheirbudgettoappliedresearch

B.realizethatprogressdependsonbasicresearch

C.encouragetheircareerscientiststoexperiment

D.devotelessthan7%oftheirscientificbudgettobasicresearch

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由文章首句WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?為什么基金會把它的支持集中在基礎(chǔ)研究而不是應用研究?以及第二段Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.為解決具體的實際問題而進行的應用研究具有直接的吸引力，因為其結(jié)果是可以看到和享受的?？芍疚闹饕v基礎(chǔ)研究和應用研究的對比。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段中“Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly...撇開工業(yè)研究的經(jīng)費不談——工業(yè)研究自然更關(guān)心應用方面，因為這些能迅速增加利潤······可知C項正確。

3.判斷推理題。由第二段中“...thefundstheU.S.Governmentallotstobasicresearch

currentlyamounttoabout