(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義第1部分 教材知識解讀 選擇性必修第三冊 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle (含答案)

Ⅰ.認(rèn)閱讀單詞1．tobaccon．煙草；煙葉2．cuen．提示；暗示；信號vt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)3．facilitatevt.促進(jìn)；促使；使便利4．escalatorn．自動扶梯；滾梯5．liberationn．解放；擺脫6．beardn．胡須；絡(luò)腮胡子7．flun．流感8．nutn．堅(jiān)果9．skateboardn．滑板vi.滑滑板10．bowlingn．保齡球運(yùn)動Ⅱ.記重點(diǎn)單詞1．a(chǎn)busen．濫用；虐待；辱罵vt.濫用；虐待；辱罵2．dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢3．negativeadj.消極的；有害的；否定的4．disciplinen．自制力；紀(jì)律；學(xué)科vt.自我控制；管教；處罰5．pilln．藥片；藥丸6．deletev．刪去；刪除7．shavevi.，vt.&n．剃(須發(fā))；刮臉8．cigaretten．香煙；卷煙9．drugn．毒品；藥物10．skipvt.跳過；不參加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳繩n．蹦跳11．dizzyadj.頭暈?zāi)垦５?2．stimulatevt.激發(fā)；促進(jìn)；刺激13．dentistn．牙科醫(yī)生14．dynamicadj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的；動態(tài)的15．comedyn．喜?。幌矂∑?；滑稽節(jié)目16．monthlyadv.&adj.每月；每月一次的n．月刊17．enhancevt.提高；增強(qiáng)；增進(jìn)Ⅲ.知拓展單詞1．a(chǎn)lcoholn．酒；酒精→alcoholicadj.(含)酒精的n．酗酒者2．physicaladj.身體的；客觀存在的；物理學(xué)的→physicallyadv.身體上；肉體上3．repeatedlyadv.重復(fù)地→repeatvt.重復(fù)→repeatedadj.重復(fù)的→repetitionn．重復(fù)4．psychologyn．心理學(xué)；心理；心理影響→psychologicaladj.心理(學(xué))的→psychologistn．心理學(xué)家5．rewardn．回報；獎勵；報酬vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬→rewardingadj.有益的；有意義的；報酬高的6．relyvi.依賴；依靠；信賴→reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的7．examinevt.(仔細(xì))檢查；審查；測驗(yàn)→examinationn．考試(＝exam)；檢查；審查8．pessimisticadj.悲觀的；悲觀主義的→pessimismn．悲觀主義9．composevt.&vi.組成；作曲；撰寫→compositionn．組成；作曲；作文→composern．作曲家10．surgeonn．外科醫(yī)生→surgeryn．外科手術(shù)；外科學(xué)11．disturbvt.打擾；攪亂；使煩惱→disturbingadj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的12．specialistn．?？漆t(yī)生；專家→specialadj.特別的；專門的→speciallyadv.特別地；專門→specializevt.專門研究；專門從事13．consultantn．顧問；高級顧問醫(yī)師→consultvt.&vi.請教；咨詢vt.查閱；參考14．sugaryadj.含糖的；甜的→sugarn．糖15．refreshvt.使恢復(fù)精力；使涼爽；刷新→refreshingadj.令人振奮的→refreshmentn．煥發(fā)精神；恢復(fù)活力16．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorbedadj.專心致志的；全神貫注的Ⅳ.背核心短語1．inresponseto回答；答復(fù)2．relyon/upon依賴；依靠；信賴3．straightaway立即；馬上4．decideon/upon決定；選定5．makeupone’smind下定決心6．becomposedof由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的7．shaveoff剃掉；刮去8．stressedout焦慮不安；疲憊不堪9．wornout筋疲力盡的；疲憊的10．a(chǎn)fterall畢竟；終究1．locationn．位置；地方2．logicaladj.邏輯上的；符合邏輯的3．looseadj.松散的；寬松的4．loudspeakern．揚(yáng)聲器，喇叭5．luggagen．(總稱)行李6．magicadj.有魔力的7．maintainvt.維持；保持8．majorityn．大多數(shù)1．Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager’slifeisessential.(不定式作主語)防止這些有害習(xí)慣支配青少年的生活是至關(guān)重要的。2．Foryoungpeople，thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.(Therebe＋n.＋todo)對于年輕人來說，有足夠的時間來改變不良習(xí)慣。3．Youhavethepowertobuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits！(形容詞短語作后置定語)你有能力建立一種充滿良好習(xí)慣的幸福、健康的生活！4．WheneverIwentoutwithfriends，Ibroughtsnacksfromhome，thingsthatdidn’thaveanyaddedsugar:fruit，nuts，driedmeat，etc.(whenever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句)每當(dāng)我和朋友出去時，我都會從家里帶些零食，這些零食沒有添加任何糖分：水果、堅(jiān)果、肉干等。5．Bestofall，inmyopinion，ishowIfeelaboutmyself.(how引導(dǎo)的表語從句)在我看來，最棒的是我對自己的感覺。6．Igetrefreshedthroughclimbing，spendmoretimewithmydad，andgettomeetnewfriends.(get＋過去分詞)通過攀巖，我重新煥發(fā)了活力，花更多的時間和爸爸在一起，并開始結(jié)識新朋友。請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對答案并背誦該短文。eq\x(enhance，refresh，absorb，dizzy，decideon，compose)WhenIsawsomestudentsdominatedbyalcohol，tobaccoordrug，Imadeupmymindtohelpthem“delete”thebadhabits.TofacilitateapositivechangewaswhyIposedofsurgeons，specialistsinpsychology，consultantsanddentists，whowouldregularlydeliverspeechesto2.enhancethesestudents’awarenessofphysicalhealth.Studentswererepeatedlyinformedofsometipsonhowtogetoutofapessimisticornegativestate，howtostaydynamicandhowtoget3.refreshedwhentheywerestressedoutorwornout.Tothesestudents，tobeexaminedonamonthlybasiswasnecessary.Theywerealsoadvisedtoparticipateinbowlingmatches，gotoskateboardingorgotoseeacomedytostimulatetheirenthusiasminlife.Studentsweregivensugarycookiesornutsstraightawayiftheyfelt4.dizzyorgottheflu.Throughtheseactivities，moststudents5.decidedonchangingtheirbadhabitsinrewardforourhelp.Theywouldrelyonself-disciplinetogovernthemselvesandcouldbe6.absorbedinstudyinginsteadofskippingclasses.Theypromisedtobehavethemselvesinresponsetoourpatientguidance.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯rewardn．回報；獎勵；報酬vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬(rewardingadj.有益的；有意義的)?give/offerarewardtosb.for(doing)sth.為(做)某事而給某人報酬inreward(for)作為(對……的)回報、獎賞?rewardsb.withsth.for(doing)sth.為(做)某事用某物獎賞/酬謝某人(1)Ibenefitedalotfromtherewarding(reward)speechdeliveredbyaspecialistinpsychology.(2)Iwillrewardyouwithanelectricbikeforhelpingmegetridoftobaccoabuse.(3)我非常高興向你介紹這個既有意義又重要的成人禮(coming-of-ageceremony)。成人禮過后，我們學(xué)生意識到我們必須更加努力學(xué)習(xí)，以回報老師和父母的耐心教導(dǎo)。(2020·天津，書面表達(dá))Iammorethandelightedtointroducetherewardingandimportantcoming-of-ageceremonytoyou.Afterthat，westudentshaverealizedthatwemuststudyharderinrewardforourteachers’andparents’posevt.&vi.組成；作曲；撰寫(composern．作曲家compositionn．組成；構(gòu)成；創(chuàng)作；作品)becomposedof/bemadeupof/becomprisedof/consistof由……組成(1)Thismandeserveshisfameasoneofthemostpopularcomposers(composer)inWesternmusicalhistory.(2)我強(qiáng)烈建議我們的英語電影欣賞課程由欣賞電影、討論精彩臺詞和給電影配音組成。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)①IstronglysuggestthatourEnglishfilmappreciationcourse(should)becomposedofenjoyingthefilm，talkingaboutwonderfulmovielinesanddubbing.(compose)②IstronglysuggestthatourEnglishfilmappreciationcourse(should)bemadeupofenjoyingthefilm，talkingaboutwonderfulmovielinesanddubbing.(makeup)absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；使專心/全神貫注；吸收(absorbedadj.專心致志的；全神貫注的)absorboneselfin＝beabsorbedin全神貫注于……absorb...from...從……中吸收……(1)Asweallknow，plantscanabsorbnutrientsfromthesoilaroundthem.(2)我的班主任全神貫注于他的教學(xué)，因此他經(jīng)常忘了吃飯睡覺。①M(fèi)yheadteacherabsorbshimselfin/isabsorbedinhisteaching，sohefrequentlyforgetsabouteatingorsleeping.②Absorbedinhisteaching，myheadteacherfrequentlyforgetsabouteatingorsleeping.(用形容詞短語作狀語改寫)③Absorbinghimselfinteaching，myheadteacherfrequentlyforgetsabouteatingorsleeping.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)relyon/upon依賴；依靠；信賴(reliableadj.可信賴的；可依賴的；可靠的)rely/depend/counton/uponsb./sth.指望/依靠某人/某事relyon/uponsb.todosth.指望/相信某人會做某事relyon/uponitthat...相信……；指望……(1)Youcanrelyontheresponsibleconsultanttohelp(help)youout，becauseheisareliable(rely)person.(2)我最尊敬我叔叔，因?yàn)槊慨?dāng)我處于困境中時，我都可以指望他給我一些實(shí)用的建議。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)①IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcanrelyon/uponhimtooffermesomepracticalsuggestionswheneverIamintrouble.(relyon/uponsb.todo)②IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcanrelyon/uponitthathecanoffermesomepracticalsuggestionswheneverIamintrouble.(relyon/uponitthat...)makeupone’smind下定決心changeone’smind改變主意bear/keep...inmind(bear/keepinmindthat...)將……記在心中comeintoone’smind進(jìn)入某人的腦海mindone’sownbusiness別管閑事fixone’smindon/upon...全神貫注于(1)首先，記住你最好按時或者比約定的時間早一些。Firstofall，bear/keepinmindthatyouhadbetterarrivepunctuallyorsometimeearlierthantheappointedtime.(2)一旦他下定決心，什么都不能改變他的主意。他將全神貫注于他正在做的事情直到實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。Oncehehasmadeuphismind，nothingcanchangehismind.Hewillfixhismindon/uponwhatheisdoinguntilheachieveshisgoal.(3)突然，一個可怕的念頭出現(xiàn)在我的腦海里。Suddenly，aterriblethoughtcameintomymind.stressedout疲憊不堪；焦慮不安(stressedadj.焦慮不安的stressn．壓力vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)stressfuladj.壓力重的；緊張的)understress在壓力之下lay/place/putstresson/upon...強(qiáng)調(diào)……(1)Whenwearedepressedorstressedout，homeisalwaysashelterforustohavearest.(2)每次我有壓力時，我都會毫不猶豫地向我的父母求助。EverytimeIamunderstress，Iwillturntomyparentsforhelpwithouthesitation.(3)正如多次強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣，學(xué)好英語對你們將來的職業(yè)發(fā)展非常重要。①IthasbeenstressedseveraltimesthatlearningEnglishwellisofgreatimportancetoyourcareerdevelopmentinthefuture.(it作形式主語)②Ashasbeenstressedseveraltimes，learningEnglishwellisofgreatimportancetoyourcareerdevelopmentinthefuture.(as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)Igetrefreshedthroughclimbing，spendmoretimewithmydad，andgettomeetnewfriends.通過攀巖，我重新煥發(fā)了活力，花更多的時間和爸爸在一起，并開始結(jié)識新朋友。?本句中的getrefreshed是getdone結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被動或變化。?常見的getdone結(jié)構(gòu)：getbroken破了getpunished受到懲罰gethurt受到傷害getadmitted被錄取getmarried結(jié)婚getannoyed生氣getexcited激動getseparated被分開(1)簡一意識到自己在樹林里迷了路，就嚇得哭了起來。(讀后續(xù)寫之恐懼心理描寫)ThemomentJanerealizedthatshegotlostintheforest，shewaspanickedintocrying.(2)他生氣了，雙手顫抖。(讀后續(xù)寫之憤怒心理描寫)Hegotannoyed，hishandstrembling.(3)得知你被北京大學(xué)錄取，我寫信祝賀你。(應(yīng)用文寫作之祝賀信)①LearningthatyougotadmittedtoPekingUniversity，Iamwritingtocongratulateyou.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)②Iamwritingtocongratulateyouonyour/yougettingadmittedtoPekingUniversity.(動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))用法點(diǎn)撥和“be＋過去分詞”一樣，“get＋過去分詞”也能用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)。用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，它強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的發(fā)生；用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)時，它強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)的變化。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．a(chǎn)buseeq\x(A.vt.虐待B.vt.濫用C.n.濫用)(1)Heabusedalcoholandtobacco，sohewasphysicallyunhealthy.B(2)Maryhasadifficultlifeandisoftenabusedbyherstepmother.A(3)Toourshock，thepersonofhighranksufferedalotfromdrugabuse.C2．skipA.vt.不參加；不做B.vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走C.vi.&vt.略過(1)Iskippedoverthelastpartofthebook.C(2)Shewatchedherlittlegranddaughterskipdownthepath.B(3)Shemadeuphermindtoskiptheafternoon’sclass.A3．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的漢語意思(1)Itisaphysicalimpossibilitytobeintwoplacesatonce.符合自然法則的(2)Thecrisishadanegativeeffectontrade.不良的；有害的Ⅱ.核心知識強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識1．Iguaranteeyouthatifyoutakeexerciseonaregularbasis，youcankeepphysically(physical)healthy.2．Wheneversometroublesomeproblemsemerged，Iwouldrelyon/uponhimtogivemeahand.3．IwouldliketoinviteyoutotheexhibitioninrewardforyourtimelyandgeneroushelpduringmystayinBeijing.4．Imadeupmymindtodecline(decline)toacceptthepreciousvasethathepurchasedforme.5．Thesalesrepresentativewasfondofthebookanddecidedon/uponbuyingitstraightaway.6．Themusicalfestivalwasworthyofbeingseenanditwascomposedofmanyappealingprograms.7．Withsomanypeopleofhighrankcriticizingmynewlypublishedbook，Ifeltstressed(stress)out.8．Hungryandworn(wear)out，thesculptorlaydownontheground，wonderingwhattodonext.9．Absorbed(absorb)increatingrealisticpaintings，hehasgainedahighreputationathomeandabroad.10．Thedepressedrepresentativegotrefreshed(refresh)afterheranaroundtheschoolplaygroundforhalfanhour.Ⅰ.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練話題寫作之夢想1．給你們做有關(guān)夢想的演講是我極大的榮幸。(不定式作主語)Togiveyoualectureaboutdreamsismygreathonor.2．我渴望成為一名醫(yī)生，以便很多病人能被治愈。(getdone)Idesiretobecomeadoctorsothatmanypatientscangetcured.3．我完全知道的是我如何能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想。(how引導(dǎo)的表語從句)WhatIcompletelyknowishowIcanrealizemydream.4．首先，每天有許多知識要掌握，因此我不會浪費(fèi)任何時間。(Therebe＋n.＋todo)Firstofall，thereismuchknowledgetomastereveryda