考研考博-英語-廣西外國語學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西外國語學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOSandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”

Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends—nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat’smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnoguruspromisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourInternetnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-and-time-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommodifiedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime—oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Theauthorsuggeststhatthemostvaluableresourceintoday’ssocietyis____.

2.Welearnfromthispassagethatmanyexecutivesfeelthat____.

3.Thephrase“thecolonizationoftime”(Para.5)refersto____.

4.Intheseventhparagraphtheauthorsuggeststhat____.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagecouldbe____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Technology

B.Economicassets

C.Accesstoinformation

D.Time

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.technologicaladvancesareessentialtotoday’seconomicsystem

B.technologyhasactuallyledtodeclineintheirqualityoflife

C.longerhoursaremakingtheirworkersmoreimpatientanduncivil

D.technologycanbeblamedformanyoftoday’ssocialproblems

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefillingofeverymomentoftimewithcommercialtransactions

B.thequestforefficiencyintheworkplace

C.thegrowinguseofelectronicmailandothertime-savingservices

D.theimpactoftechnologyonoursenseoftime

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.newtechnologiesmaymakepeoplemoreimpatient

B.socialconservativesdonotunderstandtheimportanceoftechnology

C.thespeedofmodernculturemayimpactourmoralandreligiousvalues

D.peopleinthetechnologysectorarelesscivilthanthoseinotherfields

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThefutureofthetechnologicalRenaissance

B.EvenCorporateExecutivesGettheBlues

C.TheNewInternetEconomy

D.TheDisadvantagesofToomuchAccess

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthorsuggeststhatthemostvaluableresourceintoday’ssocietyis____.作者認(rèn)為，當(dāng)今社會(huì)最有價(jià)值的資源是____。

A.TechnologyA.技術(shù)

B.EconomicassetsB.經(jīng)濟(jì)資產(chǎn)

C.AccesstoinformationC.獲取信息

D.TimeD.時(shí)間

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第五段“我們的每一個(gè)空閑時(shí)間都被某種形式的商業(yè)聯(lián)系所填滿，使時(shí)間本身成為所有資源中最稀缺的（makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources）?！币虼诉xD。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、B、C選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Welearnfromthispassagethatmanyexecutivesfeelthat____.我們從這篇文章中了解到，許多高管認(rèn)為____。

A.technologicaladvancesareessentialtotoday’seconomicsystemA.技術(shù)進(jìn)步對當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系至關(guān)重要

B.technologyhasactuallyledtodeclineintheirqualityoflifeB.科技實(shí)際上導(dǎo)致了他們生活質(zhì)量的下降

C.longerhoursaremakingtheirworkersmoreimpatientanduncivilC.更長時(shí)間的工作讓他們的員工更加不耐煩和無禮

D.technologycanbeblamedformanyoftoday’ssocialproblemsD.今天的許多社會(huì)問題都?xì)w咎于技術(shù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段“我們在工作、家庭和社區(qū)中的生活質(zhì)量提高是否與所有的這些新型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以及企業(yè)對企業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)的引入成正比？我曾向歐洲和美國的數(shù)百位首席執(zhí)行官和企業(yè)高管提出過這個(gè)問題。令人驚訝的是，幾乎每個(gè)人都說：‘不，恰恰相反?！币簿褪钦f，他們認(rèn)為，事實(shí)上，科技已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了生活質(zhì)量的下降。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)進(jìn)步對當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系至關(guān)重要”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“更長時(shí)間的工作讓他們的員工更加不耐煩和無禮”，文中提到“那些引領(lǐng)所謂‘技術(shù)復(fù)興’的人說，他們工作的時(shí)間更長了，壓力更大了，更沒耐心了”，這些引領(lǐng)技術(shù)復(fù)興的人指的是公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)而不是員工，因此該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

D選項(xiàng)“今天的許多社會(huì)問題都?xì)w咎于技術(shù)”，社會(huì)問題太過廣泛，該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thephrase“thecolonizationoftime”(Para.5)refersto____.“時(shí)間的殖民化”（第5段）指的是____。

A.thefillingofeverymomentoftimewithcommercialtransactionsA.每時(shí)每刻都充斥著商業(yè)交易

B.thequestforefficiencyintheworkplaceB.工作場所對效率的追求

C.thegrowinguseofelectronicmailandothertime-savingservicesC.越來越多地使用電子郵件和其他省時(shí)服務(wù)

D.theimpactoftechnologyonoursenseoftimeD.科技對我們時(shí)間觀念的影響

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph5與題干信息詞thecolonizationoftime可定位到第五段thecolonizationoftime之后“我們的每一個(gè)空閑時(shí)間都被某種形式的商業(yè)聯(lián)系所填滿（Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection）”由此可推斷“時(shí)間的殖民化”指的就是每時(shí)每刻充滿商業(yè)交易。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“工作場所對效率的追求”，曲解原文，該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“越來越多地使用電子郵件和其他省時(shí)服務(wù)”，曲解原文，該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“科技對我們時(shí)間觀念的影響”，曲解原文，該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Intheseventhparagraphtheauthorsuggeststhat____.在第七段中，作者表示____。

A.newtechnologiesmaymakepeoplemoreimpatientA.新技術(shù)可能會(huì)讓人們更沒有耐心

B.socialconservativesdonotunderstandtheimportanceoftechnologyB.社會(huì)保守派不理解技術(shù)的重要性

C.thespeedofmodernculturemayimpactourmoralandreligiousvaluesC.現(xiàn)代文化的發(fā)展速度可能會(huì)影響我們的道德和宗教價(jià)值觀

D.peopleinthetechnologysectorarelesscivilthanthoseinotherfieldsD.技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的人比其他領(lǐng)域的人更不文明

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph7與題干信息可定位到第七段“有沒有人問過，高速文化是否讓我們所有人變得更沒有耐心，更不愿意傾聽、推遲、考慮和反思？（lesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect）”由此可知，作者認(rèn)為新技術(shù)可能會(huì)讓人們沒有耐心。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)保守派不理解技術(shù)的重要性”，文中沒有體現(xiàn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代文化的發(fā)展速度可能會(huì)影響我們的道德和宗教價(jià)值觀”，由第七段可知，這是社會(huì)保守派的觀點(diǎn)，并不是作者的觀點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

D選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的人比其他領(lǐng)域的人更不文明”，文中沒有體現(xiàn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thebesttitleforthepassagecouldbe____.這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是____。

A.ThefutureofthetechnologicalRenaissanceA.技術(shù)復(fù)興的未來

B.EvenCorporateExecutivesGettheBluesB.即使是企業(yè)高管也會(huì)感到沮喪

C.TheNewInternetEconomyC.新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)

D.TheDisadvantagesofToomuchAccessD.過多訪問的缺點(diǎn)

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】作者在第一段提出了“新型經(jīng)濟(jì)體系”，接下來的段落主要討論的是新技術(shù)帶來的負(fù)面影響，最后一段提出“也許我們需要問問，在電子經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代，什么樣的連接才是真正重要的，什么樣的訪問才是真正重要的。如果這場新技術(shù)革命僅僅是關(guān)于超高效率，那么我們可能會(huì)失去一些比時(shí)間更寶貴的東西?！本C合全文，文章主要講了過多訪問的缺點(diǎn)，因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)復(fù)興的未來”，文中主要講新技術(shù)帶來的負(fù)面影響，并沒有涉及技術(shù)復(fù)興的未來，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“即使是企業(yè)高管也會(huì)感到沮喪”，是對文章的片面概括，屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)”，文中主要講互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的缺點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)范圍太廣，屬于過度推斷。

2.單選題

Thereisno（）whateverforthemannerinwhichyoubehavedfoolishlyattheEnglishparty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jurisdiction

B.justification

C.judgment

D.junction

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)jurisdiction“司法權(quán)，審判權(quán)，管轄權(quán)；權(quán)限”；B選項(xiàng)justification“理由；辯護(hù)；認(rèn)為有理”；C選項(xiàng)judgment“判斷；裁判；判決書”；D選項(xiàng)junction“連接；交叉點(diǎn)；接合點(diǎn)”。句意：你在英語晚會(huì)上的愚蠢行為根本就沒有……。此處表示“愚蠢行為”是無理的，B選項(xiàng)符合句意要求。

3.填空題

Atheoryofteninvolvesanimaginarymodelthathelpsscientistspicturethewayanobservedeventcouldbeproduced.Agoodexampleofthisisfoundinthekineticmoleculartheory,inwhichgasesarepicturedlikebeingmadeupofmany

A

B

C

D

smallparticlesthatareinconstantmotion.

【答案】Dlike改為as

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】picturesth.assth.意思為“把……設(shè)想成……”，此題用的是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，即gasesarepicturedas。

【句意】理論通常包含假設(shè)的模型，以幫助科學(xué)家描繪觀察到的事件產(chǎn)生的方式。分子運(yùn)動(dòng)理論就是一個(gè)很好的例子。在這個(gè)理論中，氣體被設(shè)想成由許多不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)的小顆粒組成。

4.單選題

Thesurgicalinstrumentshavetobe（

）beforeusetopreventinfection.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heated

B.scalded

C.sterilized

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。heat意為“加熱，變熱”；scald意為“燙傷”；sterilize意為“消毒，滅菌”；burn意為“燃燒”。由句中后面的目的狀語topreventinfection（為了預(yù)防感染）可知Thesurgicalinstruments（手術(shù)器械）應(yīng)該消毒，因此選C。

句意：手術(shù)器械使用前必須消毒，以防感染。

5.單選題

Thehistoryofmodernpollutionproblemsshowsthatmosthaveresultedfromnegligenceandignorance.Wehaveashockingtendencytointerferewithnaturebeforeallofthepossibleconsequencesofouractionshavebeenstudiedindepth.Weproduceanddistributeradioactivesubstances,syntheticchemicals,andmanyofotherpowerfulcompoundsbeforefullycomprehendingtheireffectsonlivingorganisms.Oureducationisdangerouslyincomplete.

Itwillbearguedthatthepurposeofscienceistomoveintounknownterritory,toexplore,andtodiscover.Itcanbesaidthatsimilarriskshavebeentakenbefore,andthoserisksarenecessarytotechnologicalprogress.

Theseargumentsoverlookanimportantelement.Inthepast,riskstakeninthenameofscientificprogresswererestrictedtoasmallplaceandabriefperiodoftime.TheeffectsoftheprocesseswenowstrivetomasterareneitherIdealizednorbrief.Airpollutioncoversvasturbanareas.Oceanpollutantshavebeendiscoveredinnearlyeverypartoftheworld.Syntheticchemicalsspreadoverhugestretchesofforestandfarmlandmayremaininthesoilfordecades.Radioactivepollutantswillbefoundinthebiosphereforgenerations.Thesizeandpersistenceoftheseproblemshavegrownwiththeexpandingpowerofmodernscience.

Onemightalsoarguethatthehazardsofmodernpollutantsaresmallcomparedwiththedangersassociatedwithotherhumanactivity.Noestimateoftheactualharmdonebysmog,fallout,orchemicalresiduescanobscuretherealitythattherisksarebeingtakenbeforebeingfullyunderstood.

Theimportanceoftheseissuesliesinthefailureofsciencetopredictandcontrolhumaninterventionintonaturalprocesses.Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,themajorcauseofpollutionistheresultof（

）

.

2.Accordingtothepassage,therisksbroughtaboutbymodernsciencearegreaterthanthosebyearlierscientificeffortsbecause（

）.

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,thekeytothesettlementofthemodernpollutionliesin（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredthattheattitudeofscientiststowardspollutionhasbeen（

）

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.astrongdesiretomoveintounknownterritory

B.alackofunderstandingthehistoryoftechnology

C.designingsyntheticchemicalstokilllivingorganisms

D.changingourenvironmentwithoutfullyconsideringrisks

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theeffectsmaybefeltbymorepeopleforalongertime

B.technologyhasproducedmoredangerouschemicals

C.scienceisprogressingfasterthaneverbefore

D.themodernpollutantshavebeenlocalized

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theexpansionofmodernscience

B.thedisposalofpotentialpollutants

C.theawarenessofourresponsibility

D.thehumaninterferencewithnature

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.naive

B.concerned

C.worried

D.nonchalant

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的一二句可知,現(xiàn)代污染問題的歷史表明,大多數(shù)是由于疏忽和無知造成的。我們有一種令人震驚的傾向,即在深入研究我們的行為可能產(chǎn)生的后果之前就干預(yù)自然。也就是說,在沒有充分考慮風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的情況下就改變環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三的內(nèi)容可知,在過去,以科學(xué)進(jìn)步的名義所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)被限制在一個(gè)小地方和處于短期時(shí)間內(nèi)。我們現(xiàn)在努力掌握的工序的效果既不理想,也不會(huì)是短暫的。隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)力量的不斷擴(kuò)大,這些（污染）問題的規(guī)模和持久性也在不斷擴(kuò)大。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.”如果我們進(jìn)入技術(shù)的新時(shí)代而不首先評估我們對環(huán)境的責(zé)任,我們將遇到真正的危險(xiǎn)。所以說,解決現(xiàn)代污染的關(guān)鍵在于我們的責(zé)任感。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.雖然文中并沒有提及科學(xué)家們,但文章在第三段和第五段提及,現(xiàn)代科學(xué)進(jìn)步,污染問題卻越來越嚴(yán)重,說明科學(xué)家們沒有引起足夠的重視,所以他們的態(tài)度是冷漠的,漠不關(guān)心的。選項(xiàng)D正確。

6.單選題

Dr.Goebbelswrotethat“wedonotbelongtothosedreamersandillusionistswhoprophesythecollapseoftheBritishEmpiretomorrow”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swear

B.condemn

C.predict

D.crave

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.swear咒罵，詛咒B.condemn譴責(zé)，指責(zé)

C.predict預(yù)言D.crave渴望，熱望

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】prophesy的意思為“預(yù)告，預(yù)言”，指的是我們不是空想家和魔術(shù)師，對大英帝國的未來進(jìn)行預(yù)言，predict與之詞義相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】戈培爾博士寫道，我們不是那種預(yù)言大英帝國明天就要瓦解的空想家和魔術(shù)師。

7.單選題

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

）,thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverting

B.whimsical

C.didactic

D.deceitful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。diverting有趣的，令人快樂的；whimsical古怪的，異想天開的；didactic說教的，教誨的；deceitful欺詐的。句意：盡管趨勢是明顯的說教，但是中世紀(jì)的詩歌經(jīng)常激發(fā)人們想象力，提供生動(dòng)的樂趣以及虔誠的感情。由despite及下文可知空格處所填的單詞與后文意思相反。

8.單選題

Therealfriendistheonewhocomestothe（

）inyourhourofneed;whoistherewithcomfortinadversityandwhoshareswithyouhisownsuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attention

B.stage

C.point

D.rescue

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。attention意為“注意”；stage意為“階段”；point意為“論點(diǎn)，觀點(diǎn)”；rescue意為“救援，營救”。

句意：真正的朋友是在你需要的時(shí)候來幫助你，在逆境中給你安慰，與你分享他成功的人。

9.單選題

Thechangesinthiscityhaveoccurred（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withswiftness

B.fastly

C.rapidly

D.inrapidways

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。swift、fast和rapid都是快的意思。swift，含有平穩(wěn)、馬上、優(yōu)美的意思；fast作副詞時(shí)，可指物體或人的速度快，主要用來修飾人或物體的動(dòng)作，fast本身就有副詞的作用。英語中，幾乎不見fastly這個(gè)詞，所以B選項(xiàng)排除；rapid是正式用語，多指運(yùn)動(dòng)本身，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的高速度，所指的速度有時(shí)有“對人有益”的含義，常?？膳cfast互換使用，但語氣比fast強(qiáng)。例如：Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathisparentswereveryglad.（他取得了如此快的進(jìn)步，以至于他的父母都很高興。），副詞形式是rapidly，修飾動(dòng)詞occur應(yīng)該用副詞，所以C選項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：這個(gè)城市的變化發(fā)生得很快。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

JanewasfairlygoodatEnglish,butinmathematicsshecouldnot______therestofthestudentsinherclass.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.keepupwith

C.doawaywith

D.runawaywith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”，B項(xiàng)keepupwith“趕得上，保持聯(lián)系”，C項(xiàng)doawaywith“廢除，去掉”，D項(xiàng)runawaywith“輕易獲得，偷走”。根據(jù)句子JanewasfairlygoodatEnglish,butinmathematicsshecouldnot“簡的英語相當(dāng)好，但數(shù)學(xué)不能”可知，B項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：簡的英語相當(dāng)好，但在數(shù)學(xué)方面她跟不上班上的其他同學(xué)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

EuropeisfollowingtheDutchleadandtakingthegreenmovementtothemanufacturersofwhitegoodsandelectronics.AspateoflegislationemergingfromBrusselsaimsultimatelytoholdmanufacturersresponsibleforthefateoftheirproductsalongafterthey’veleftstoreshelvesorcarshowrooms.They’rebeingtoldtheymustensurethatasmuchas85percentoftheirproductsberecycledorreused,andtheremainderdisposedofinenvironmentallysoundways.

Somethingsurelyneedstobedone.Inrecentdecadesconsumershavegrownusedtoanever-speedierturnoverofhardware.Acomputerbuiltinthe1960slasted10yearsonaverage;nowtheyarescrappedinjustfour.Inthepastmorethan90percentofthisdetritushadbeenburiedinlandfills.Europe'sjunkheapofelectronicgoodsnowweighs6milliontonsandwilldoublein12years.Allthiswasteistakinganobvioustollontheplanet.

EvenatthisearlystageinEurope'srecyclingexperiment,thoughthenewlawshavealreadycausedunintendedproblems.SomeEuropeancountrieshavebeencaughtwhollyunprepared.Becauseofthenewregulations,wastesitesandincinerators（焚化爐）throughoutEuropearebeinginundatedwithhardware.Recyclingfacilitiesnowcomingonlinefaceabacklogofsixmonths.Anotherproblem:replacingbadbutessentialmaterials.TheEUwillsoonbantheuseofthelead,ahazardoussubstancethat’sbeenusedfordecadestosoldercircuitboards.Electronicscompaniesarestrugglingtofindalternatives.“Thiscouldbeamuchbiggerchallengeforusthanthewaste-disposalregulation,”saysMichelleONeill,aHewlett-PackardlobbyistinBrussels.

Businessleadersalsowarnofexcessivecosts.“Societyandthepoliticianshaveanotherobjectivehere;tomovecostsontoindustry,”saysViktorSundberg,EuropeanaffairsdirectorofSwedishmanufacturerElectrolux.Inevitablysomeofthosecostswilltrickledowntotheconsumer.Andthere'sthestickyproblemofassigningresponsibility.Isonemanufacturerliableforrecyclingtheproductsofaformerrivalthathasgoneoutofbusiness?Shouldcarmakerspayfordismemberingvehiclesbuiltyearsbeforethedirectivetookeffect?Europehasn'tworkedouttheseissues.

Thenewrecyclinglawsmaynotcostasmuchasonemightthink.Manyofthenewtargetsareonlyincrementallytougherthanexistingones.Carmakers,forinstance,willinfiveyearshavetorecycleorreuse80percent,byweight,oftheiroldcars.Butinthemoreeco-consciousnorthernstates,theyalreadyvoluntarilyrecycle60percent.Thatmaybewhymanufacturershavegreetedthenewrulesmeekly.FordclaimsthatitslatestFiestahatchback,newlybuiltfortheEuropeanmarket,isalready85percentrecyclable;that'sapowerfulimagefortheneweco-friendlymanufacturing,providedEurope’smedicineworkswithouttoomanysideEffects.

1.Theauthorsays“somethingsurelyneedstobedone”because（

）.

2.Theword“inundate”(underlinedinparagraph3)probablymeans

（

）.

3.WhatdisturbselectronicscompaniesmostaccordingtoMichelleONeill?

4.Welearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theenvironmenthasalreadybeenseriouslypolluted.

B.someproductsarereplacedatafasterratethanbefore

C.Europedoesn'thaveenoughplacestoburythediscardedgoods

D.someelectronicgoodswillnotdecayiftheyareburied

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.overwhelm

B.destroy

C.flood

D.pollute

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theproductionofrecyclingfacilitiesfallsfarshortofdemand.

B.Thedestructionofelectronicproductswillcostalotofmoney.

C.Thewaste-disposalprocessinvolvesadvancedtechnology.

D.Someessentialmaterialshavetobereplaced.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Manufacturersarereluctanttospendalargesumofmoneyonrecyclingtheirproducts.

B.Manufacturerswillshoulderalargerproportionofthecostsofrecycling.

C.InnovativeEuropeanlawsdon’tdefineclearlyhowtoassigntheresponsibility.

D.InnovativeEuropeanlawsarenotapplicableinmanydevelopingcountries.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Somethingsurelyneedstobedone.Inrecentdecadesconsumershavegrownusedtoanever-speedierturnoverofhardware.（一定要做點(diǎn)什么。近幾十年來，消費(fèi)者已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了越來越快的硬件周轉(zhuǎn)）可知B選項(xiàng)“某些產(chǎn)品的更換速度比以前快”符合題意。

2.詞義題。由文章第三段中的Becauseofthenewregulations,wastesitesandincineratorsthroughoutEuropearebeinginundatedwithhardware.Recyclingfacilitiesnowcomingonlinefaceabacklogofsixmonths.（由于新的法規(guī)，整個(gè)歐洲的廢物場和焚燒爐都被硬件……現(xiàn)在即將上線的回收設(shè)施面臨六個(gè)月的積壓）可知“inundate”為動(dòng)詞，由后面的回收設(shè)備積壓時(shí)間長，可推測前面的廢物長和焚燒爐應(yīng)該是被硬件覆蓋、堆積淹沒。flood側(cè)重于被水淹沒，而overwhelm則側(cè)重于情感方面，指被強(qiáng)烈的感情淹沒而不知所措，因此選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Anotherproblem:replacingbadbutessentialmaterials...“Thiscouldbeamuchbiggerchallengeforusthanthewaste-disposalregulation,”saysMichelleONeill,aHewlett-PackardlobbyistinBrussels.（另一個(gè)問題是：更換壞的但必要的材料……“這對我們來說可能是一個(gè)比廢物處理?xiàng)l例更大的挑戰(zhàn)，”位于布魯塞爾的惠普說客MichelleONeill說）可知D選項(xiàng)“必須更換一些基本材料”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Andthere'sthestickyproblemofassigningresponsibility...Europehasn'tworkedouttheseissues.（還有一個(gè)棘手的問題就是分配責(zé)任……歐洲還沒有解決這些問題）可知C選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)新的歐洲法律沒有明確規(guī)定如何分配責(zé)任”符合題意。

12.單選題

Wecan’tunderstandUncleGeorge,forhealways（

）whateverhesays.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.masters

B.mumbles

C.molests

D.muzzles

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。master“控制；精通；征服”；mumble“含糊地說”；molest“騷擾，調(diào)戲；干擾”；muzzle“使······緘默”。句意：我們不能理解喬治叔叔說了什么，因?yàn)樗偸呛卣f。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Long-termwateravailabilityislargelydeterminedbytheaverageconditionsinariverbasin,butitisoftenextremeeventsthatcauseacutewaterinsecurity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occasional

B.constant

C.urgent

D.serious

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.occasional偶爾的，偶然的B.constant連續(xù)發(fā)生的，不斷的

C.urgent緊急的，緊迫的D.serious嚴(yán)重的，有危險(xiǎn)的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】acute的意思為“十分嚴(yán)重的”，這里指極端事件讓水變得非常不安全，有嚴(yán)重的安全問題，serious與之詞義相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】長期來說，水資源的可用性在很大程度上取決于流域的平均條件，但往往是極端事件導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的在水安全方面的問題。

14.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當(dāng)人們問這個(gè)問題時(shí)，他們通常指的是計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)部一個(gè)微小時(shí)鐘的頻率，它是一個(gè)晶體振蕩器，設(shè)定了整個(gè)機(jī)器使用的基本節(jié)奏?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計(jì)算機(jī)的微處理器芯片中，一個(gè)時(shí)鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時(shí)信號(hào)傳送到各個(gè)電路中，就像鼓聲通過空氣傳播給士兵，以此來確定他們行進(jìn)的步伐一樣?！庇纱丝赏茢?，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說明定時(shí)信號(hào)的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時(shí)信號(hào)的分配變得越來越困難?！边x項(xiàng)A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個(gè)大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設(shè)計(jì)和大量的電力。”選項(xiàng)C和D符合原文。選項(xiàng)B是由于速度過快導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是缺點(diǎn)，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們在太陽微系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個(gè)組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個(gè)國際性問題，選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A，B，C均是事實(shí)，不是推導(dǎo)出來的，所以不符合題意。

15.單選題

Mr.Jonesholdsstrongviewsagainstvideogamesand（

）theclosingofallrecreationfacilitiesforsuchgames.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assists

B.acknowledges

C.advocates

D.admits

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)assist表示“幫助，協(xié)助”；B項(xiàng)acknowledge表示“致謝，承認(rèn)”；C項(xiàng)advocate表示“提倡，擁護(hù)”；D項(xiàng)admit表示“承認(rèn)，容許”。根據(jù)句中against可知作者反對電子游戲，所以應(yīng)該支持closingtherecreationfacilities。句意：瓊斯先生強(qiáng)烈反對電子游戲，提倡關(guān)閉所有的電子游戲娛樂設(shè)施。故本題正確答案為C。

16.單選題

TomJones,who（）aroundtheworld,willcometoAsianextmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willbetouring

B.havetoured

C.hadbeentouring

D.hasbeentouring

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，這里是已經(jīng)開始并持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。選項(xiàng)D正確。

17.單選題

Toeverybody’ssurprise,therefereetooka______viewofthefoulanddidnotpunishtheplayeratall.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lenient

B.divergent

C.dim

D.cautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lenient“寬大的；仁慈的”；B選項(xiàng)divergent“相異的，分歧的；求異的，發(fā)散的；散開的”；C選項(xiàng)dim“暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的，看不清的；悲觀的，懷疑的”；D選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的；十分小心的”。句意：令大家吃驚的是，裁判對這次犯規(guī)很寬容，根本沒有處罰球員。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Howmanythingscanyouseeinthenightsky?Alot!OnaclearnightyoumightseetheMoon,someplanets,andthousandsofsparklingstars,

Youcanseeevenmorewithatelescope.Youmightseestarswherebeforeyouonlysawdarkspace.Youmightseethatmanystarslooklargerthanothers.Youmightseethatsomestarsthatlookwhitearereallyredorblue.Withbiggerandbiggertelescopesyoucanseemoreandmoreobjectsin