考研考博-英語-中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Lindawas（

）theexperimentamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tostart

B.tohavestarted

C.tobestarting

D.tohavebeenstarting

【答案】B

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。wasto表示將來過去時(shí)，havedone表示本來要做而沒有做，根據(jù)句意選B。

句意：Linda本來在一個(gè)月前要做實(shí)驗(yàn)的，但她最后改變了主意。

2.單選題

Congressdelegateswaited___forthecongratulatorytelegramfromMoscowwhenthenewpartywasformed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interms

B.inthelongrun

C.inview

D.invain

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)interms“明確地；毫不含糊地；焦急地”；B選項(xiàng)inthelongrun“長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)；終究”；C選項(xiàng)inview“在視野范圍內(nèi)；在考慮中的；作為目標(biāo)”；D選項(xiàng)invain“徒然；無效”。句意：當(dāng)新政黨成立時(shí)，國(guó)會(huì)代表們焦急地等待來自莫斯科的賀電。結(jié)合句意，判斷出選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。

3.單選題

AsGermansocialtheoristHabermas’LegitimationCrisisexplained,onceaprocessgovernedinformallyisregulatedbythestate,itthrowsintoquestionallotherinformalprocessesconnectedwiththeoriginalprocess.Regulationsbegetregulations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bringabout

B.resultfrom

C.endupin

D.takeover

【答案】A

【解析】句意：正如德國(guó)社會(huì)理論家Habermas的《合法化危機(jī)》所解釋的那樣，一旦一個(gè)非正式治理的過程受到國(guó)家的監(jiān)管，它就會(huì)對(duì)所有其他與原始過程相關(guān)的非正式過程提出質(zhì)疑。規(guī)則……規(guī)則。由“國(guó)家對(duì)一項(xiàng)監(jiān)管”引向“對(duì)其他項(xiàng)的質(zhì)疑”，說明后者是由前者引起的。A選項(xiàng)bringabout“引起；導(dǎo)致”；B選項(xiàng)resultfrom“起因于；由于”；C選項(xiàng)endupin“結(jié)束”；D選項(xiàng)takeover“接管；接收”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

toacclaimAasX:topraiseApubliclyandenthusiasticallyasX.

ananatomist:amedicalscientistwhocutsopendeadbodiestostudythemtocommissionX:toorderX(tobemadeorobtained)acorpse:adeadbodytodisinter:tounburygynecology:themedicalfielddealingwithwomen’sdiseasesahenchman:asupporterorassistantwillingtouseviolenceorcriminalmeansleukemia:bloodcancerlucrativeprofitableamidwife:apersontrainedtohelpwomengivebirth

obese:veryfatobstetrics:themedicalfieldthatdealswithpregnancyandthedeliveryofbabiespajamas:lightclothesforsleepinginapar:alevelapoorhouse:(historical)apublicshelterinwhichjoblesspoorpeoplewerefedinexchangeforworkapractitioner:someoneworksactivelyin(aprofession)proximity:nearnessaserialkiller:someonewhomurderanumberofpeopleinseparateincidentsSherlockHolmes:themostfamousdetectiveinEnglishliteratureaspree:aperiodofwildactivityunsavoury:dishonest,untrustworthyandprobablyinvolvedincrime

1.WilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliecommissionedaregularsupplyofcorpsessotheycouldstudythephysicaleffectsofpregnancy,arguesrespectedhistorianDonShelton.Thesemenaregiantsofmedicine,pioneersofthecarethatwomenreceiveduringchildbirthandwerethefoundingfathersofobstetrics.ThenamesofWilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliestillinspirerespectamongtoday’sdoctors,morethan250yearsaftertheymadetheircontributionstohealthcare,Suchweretheduo’sreputationsasoutstandingphysicianstheclientelesoftheirprivatepracticesincludedtherichandfamousofmid-18th-centruyLondon.

2.Butweretheyalsoserialkillers?NewresearchpublishedintheJOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(JRSM)claimsthattheywere.Adetailedhistoricalstudyaccusesthedoctorsofarrangingforthekillingofdozensofwomen,manyinthelaterstagesofpregnancy,todissecttheircorpses.“SmellieandHunterwereresponsibleforaseriesof18th^-century‘burking’murdersofpregnantwomen,withadeathtotalgreaterthanthecombinedmurderscommittedbyBurkeandHareandJacktheRipper”writesShelton.(“Burking”involvedmurderingpeopletoorder,usuallyformedicalresearch;toavoidtroublewiththelaw,itwasimportanttokillthevictimsinsuchawaythattheyseemedtohavediedofnaturalcauses.Theverb“toburke”isderivedfromthenameofWilliamBurke,anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments.)

3.AccordingtoShelton,HunterandSmelliewerebetweenthemresponsibleforthemurdersof-40pregnantwomenandtheirunbornchildren.Actingseparately,andusinghenchmentodeliver.Theirsupply,theyorganizedakillingspreeinLondonbetween1749and1755and,afteraperiodofinactivityenforcedbymountingsuspicionaboutthesourceofheircorpses,resumedbetween1764and1774.Motivatedbyego,personalrivalryandashareddesiretobenefitfrombeingacclaimedastheforemostchildbirthdoctorsoftheirtime,HunterandSmelliesacrificedlifeafterlifeintheirqueststostudypregnancy’sphysicaleffectsandtodevelopnewtechniques,theauthorsays.“Althoughitsoundsabsolutelyincredible,thecircumstantialliteraryevidencesuggeststheyweremostlikelycompetingwitheachotherinexperimentingwithsecretcaesareansectionsonconscious,orfreshlymurdered,victims,withaviewtoextractingandrevivingthebabies,”SheltontoldtheObserver.”

4.Sheltonexaminedthemen’sanatomicalatlases,containingdetailedimagesof

pregnantwomenwhohadbeenopenedup,andmedicalliteratureandthecausesofdeathinLondonatthetime.Glasgow’sHunterianmuseumandgalleryisnamedafterScottish-bornHunter,whoin1762becamephysiciantoQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIII,HehelpedhertodeliverthefuturekingGeorgeIV,Smellie,afellowScot,isnolessdistinguished,FromWitchcrafttoWisdom,atextbookonthehistoryofobstetricandgynaecologicalmedicine,hailshimas“thegreatestobstetricianinthehistoryofBritishobstetrics”.Hehasalsobeencalled“thefatherofBritishmidwifery”.

5.Shelton,though,regardstheduoasonaparwithBurkeandHare,whomurdered17citizensofEdinburghin1827and1828,sellingtheirremainstoalocalanatomist,TheLondonofHunterandSmellie’stimewasunhealthyandsemi-anarchic,andearlydeathfromdiseasewaswidespread,aswasgraverobbing.InhisJRSMpaper,Sheltonclaimstoprovethattherivaldoctorscouldnothaveobtainedtheirsupplyofcorpsesbyanyothermeansthanmurder.ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren,Thusthegraverobbersofthetimecouldnothavefulfilledtheobstetricians’needforsuchaspecifictypeoffemale,ConcludesShelton.

6.Eachusedanassistanttocommissionkillers,hesays,namingDrColinMackenzieasSmellie’saccompliceandJohnHunter-William’sbrother,whowasacelebratedanatomist—ashishelper.Youngwomenfromthecountrysidewereapparentlyfavouritetargetsinacitywhereplentyofpeople“disappeared”.“Thereisgreatsuspicionabouttheabundanceofundeliveredninth—monthcorpsesprocured,dissectedanddepictedintheanatomicalatlasesofSmellieandHunter,”writesShelton.“Theimpossibilityofsupplyfromrandomresurrections,takenwithacarefulanalysisofevents,andof18dl-centurymedicalliterature,showscompellingevidenceforburking,”By1755rumourswerecirculatingthatthewomeninSmellie’sjournalhadbeenmurdered,andassociatesbeganpressinghimontheirorigins.“AsaresultSmellieandHunterbothhaltedtheirresearch,bothpresumablyfearingtrialandexecution,”althoughHunter—whousedhislinkstopowerfulfamiliestoensurenoinvestigationwaseverundertaken—resumedorderingmurders,aboutonceayear,in1764,Sheltonadds.

7.AnthonyKenny,agynaecologistinLondonfor40yearsuntilhisretirementin2007,said:“Thesetwoguysaremyheroes.Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering.”KennyisnowthecuratorofthemuseumoftheRoyalCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists.“Theywerethefirstproperobstetriciansinthecountrybecauseoftheirpioneeringworkpracticingwhatwasthenstillanewbranchofmedicine.”WhileKennydescribesShelton’spaperas“extremelyimpressive”initsresearch,hecannotbelievethathisheroeswereguiltyofsuchterriblecrimes.Thetradeincorpseswasverylucrativeandprobablyattractedunsavoury,unscrupulouscharacters,hepointedout.”Anditcouldbethattheydidn’tmakeproperinquiriesastotheoriginsofthebodies,andsomaynothaveknownthatthewomenweremurdered.

8.LudmillaJordanova,aprofessorofmodemhistoryatKing’sCollegeLondonwhospecializesinthehistoryofmedicine,saysShelton’sassertionthatHunterandSmelliecouldnothavecomeacrosssomanydeadpregnantwomenfromanyothersourceas“astrikingclaim,importantresearch...isrevealingthecomplexitiesofanatomicalactivitiesin18th—centuryLondon.Thisisanexcitingandcontroversialareaofhistoricalinvestigation.”WhileSheltonacknowledgesthattheideaofpioneeringmedicalresearchersresortingtoburkingisshocking.HelikestoquoteSherlockHolmes,“Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossible,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,isthetruth.”

1.Accordingtotheinformationinparagraph2,WilliamBurke（

）

2.AccordingtoDonShelton,pregnantwomenin18thcenturyLondon（

）,

3.ThestrongestsupportforShelton’sthesiscomesfrom（

）.

4.Inparagraph6,thewordapparentlymeans（

）.

5.WhatSheltonwritesaboutthepioneeringgynecologistsHunterand

Smellie（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasahenchmanofHunterandSmellie

B.gavehisnametothepracticeofkillingpeoplewithoutleavinganysignsofmurder

C.isbelievedtohavekilledpeopleforhisownmedicalresearch

D.mademoneybykillingpeopletoprovidebodiesformedicalresearch

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Generallywerenotverylikelytodieinthelastmonthofpregnancy

B.Seldomdiedsoonaftergivingbirth

C.wereaverysmallpartoftheoverallurbanpopulation

D.werequitenumerousinitsmanypoorhouses

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thetestimonyofcontemporaryeyewitnesses

B.statisticsandprobability

C.policerecordsofthetime

D.literaryreportsoftheabundantviolenceandcrimein18thcenturyLondon

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itisobviousthat

B.thereisnodoubtthat

C.itappearsthat

D.somepeopleassertthat

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.seemsquitepersuasivetoAnthonyKenny

B.appallsandhorrifiesAnthonyKenny

C.clearsthem,inAnthonyKenny’sopinion,ofanyguiltorblame.

D.SeemscompletelygroundlesstoAnthonyKenny

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段對(duì)WilliamBurke進(jìn)行了解釋:anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments(愛爾蘭人,1829年在恩丁堡被判殺人罪--出售尸體進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn))。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出:ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren(這位歷史學(xué)家說，母親在臨產(chǎn)前不久死亡或被謀殺是很罕見的，來自貧民區(qū)的人通常都是老人、不舒服或孩子)。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。文章多出提到Shelton’s的理論來源。第二段提到JOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(皇家醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志),后面又提到medicalliterature(醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn))。故選D:18世紀(jì)倫敦大量暴力和犯罪的文學(xué)報(bào)道。

4.詞義題。此處句意為:在一個(gè)很多人都“消失”了的城市里，來自農(nóng)村的年輕婦女顯然是最受歡迎的目標(biāo)。

5.推理判斷題。第七段:Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering(他們可能參與了謀殺目標(biāo)的說法絕對(duì)令人震驚),后面也表達(dá)了他們難以置信的態(tài)度。故選B。

5.單選題

Althoughhehadbeengivenseveraltraffictickets,thedriver（）thathehadnotbeenresponsibleforasingleaccident.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defended

B.acknowledged

C.inferred

D.contended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。defend辯護(hù)；acknowledged承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)；inferred推測(cè)；contended主張，為…競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。句意：盡管他收到了幾張交通罰單，但司機(jī)辯護(hù)稱他對(duì)這幾起交通事故都沒有責(zé)任。由Although可知前后兩句是讓步關(guān)系。雖然該司機(jī)收到幾張罰單，但他辯護(hù)….故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Althoughsports（

）thehousehold,Joedrewthelinewhentheyinterferedwithfamilytraditionsaroutine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overwhelmed

B.affected

C.dominated

D.influenced

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。overwhelm淹沒，壓垮；affected影響；dominate控制，在…中占主要地位；influenced影響。句意：盡管運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)家庭有決定性影響，Joe認(rèn)為當(dāng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)擾亂了家庭傳統(tǒng)與日常生活時(shí)，應(yīng)該拒絕運(yùn)動(dòng)。由although可推知前后性質(zhì)相反，后半句提到了“interferedwith…干擾…”是屬于不利的一面，故前半句應(yīng)為好的一面。故C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Glaeser________hisinterestinurbanareasdirectlytohisyouthinNewYorkCity,whereheliveduntilhewenttocollegeatage17.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attributed

B.conducted

C.devoted

D.contributed

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.attributed歸因于，歸功于B.conducted實(shí)施，執(zhí)行

C.devoted獻(xiàn)身，致力D.contributed貢獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“hisinterestinurbanareas（他對(duì)城市地區(qū)的興趣）”構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓邏輯，表示格萊澤怎么樣這份興趣，空格處還需要能夠和下文的to進(jìn)行搭配。由后半句句意“他在那里一直生活到（liveduntil）17歲上大學(xué)”可知，因?yàn)樗那嗄陼r(shí)代一直都生活在紐約這樣的大城市，所以他會(huì)對(duì)城市地區(qū)感興趣，換言之，他對(duì)城市地區(qū)有興趣的原因是在紐約生活的經(jīng)歷。attributesth.tosth.是固定搭配，意為“把……歸因于……”，指認(rèn)為某事物是另一事物的結(jié)果，因此A選項(xiàng)attributed“歸因于，歸功于”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)conducted“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”指組織或進(jìn)行特定的活動(dòng)，不能和“interest（興趣）”進(jìn)行搭配；

C選項(xiàng)devoted“獻(xiàn)身，致力”，devoteoneselftosb./sth.指把大部分時(shí)間、精力等投入到某人或某物中，不符合題干的語義邏輯；

D選項(xiàng)contributed“貢獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)”，contributesth.tosth.指贈(zèng)予錢或物品以幫助某人，不符合題干的語義邏輯。

【句意】格萊澤將他對(duì)城市地區(qū)的興趣直接歸功于他在紐約的青年時(shí)代，他在那里一直生活到17歲上大學(xué)。

8.單選題

Herheartwasfilledwithcompassionforthemotherlesschildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sympathy

B.regret

C.wistfulness

D.sorrow

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sympathy“同情，憐憫，同情心”；B選項(xiàng)regret“后悔，歉意”；C選項(xiàng)wistfulness“渴望，傷感，沉思”；D選項(xiàng)sorrow“悲傷，哀傷，痛苦”。句意：她對(duì)那些沒有母親的孩子充滿同情。Compassion“憐憫，同情，同情心”，A選項(xiàng)的意思與該單詞最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thelawyeradvisedhimtodropthe（

）,sincehestandslittlechancetowin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.event

B.incident

C.case

D.affair

【答案】C

【解析】同義詞辨析題。和上一題一樣，四個(gè)詞是近義詞，根據(jù)句意：律師勸他放棄這個(gè)案子，因?yàn)樗A的機(jī)會(huì)很小。由此可知，這里指的是案件，所以選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。

10.單選題

______wassheinLondonthansherangupheroldfriendJane.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosooner

B.Assoon

C.Onlywhen

D.Rarelywhen

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。Nosooner…than…為固定用法，表示“一……就……”，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。B項(xiàng)assoon和as搭配，表示“一……就……”；C項(xiàng)后面接句子，表示“只有當(dāng)……”；D選項(xiàng)沒有這個(gè)用法。句意：她一到倫敦就給她的好朋友簡(jiǎn)打電話。故正確答案為A。

11.單選題

Thebuildingcollapsedbecauseitsfoundationwasnotstrongenoughto（）theweightofthebuilding.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.idealize

B.subside

C.initiate

D.sustain

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。idealize“理想化”;subside“平息,減弱”;initiate“開始,創(chuàng)始,發(fā)起”;sustain“維持,支撐,承擔(dān)”。句意:大樓倒塌了,因?yàn)榈鼗粔驁?jiān)固,承受不了大樓的重量。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

12.單選題

Corporationsasagroupofferavarietyofjobs.Mostlargecompaniessendpeopletocollegestocollegestointerviewgraduatingstudentswiththerequiredacademictraining.Alargeuniversitymayhavemorethan500companiesayearknockingonitsdoors.Bigfirmsareyourbestplaceforajobbecausetheirnormalgrowth,employeeretirements,andturnovercreatethousandsofjobsnationwideeachyear.

Corporations,however,illustratetherulethatthebiggestisn’talwaysthebest.Manysmallfirmswithjustafewhundredemployeeshavepositionsthatmaycorrespondwithyourprofessiongoals,too.Suchfirmsmaynothavethetime,money,orneedtosendpeoplearoundtoyourcollege;you’llprobablyhavetocontactthemyourselfeitherdirectlyorthroughanemploymentagency.Don’tignoretheselittlecompanies.Theirsalariesareusuallycompetitiveandthechancesforadvancementandrecognitionevenstrongerthanthoseofabigfirm.Youcouldbecomeabigfishinasmallpond,reachingahigh-levelpositionmorequicklythanyouwouldifyouhadclimbedthemostcompetitiveladderofacorporategiant.

Forexample,asmallcompanymayneedabrightengineering,accountingormanagementgraduatewhowouldreportdirectlytotheseniorvice-presidentofengineering,thecompanycontroller,orthegeneralmanager.Inlargerfirmsitmaytakeyearstoreachlevelandaccumulatesimilarin-depthexperience.Inaddition,responsibilitiesmaycomefasterinasmallfirmwithlessspecializationandfewerlower-levelemployeestoreceivedelegatedauthority.

1.Thepurposeofthepassageis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoflargecorporations?

3.Theword“Their”(paragraph2,line6)refersto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofsmallfirm?

5.Withwhomisthepassagemostprobablyconcerned?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.todefinecorporationsandfirms

B.toshowtherelationbetweenfirmsandcolleges

C.toinformthejob-seekeroftheemploymentrequirements

D.togiveadescriptionofcorporationsforcollegestudents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyonlyemploycollegegraduates.

B.Theycanoffermanyjobopportunities.

C.Theyhavemanysub-companiesnationwide.

D.Theirrequirementsareverycompetitive.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.corporations’

B.graduatingstudents’

C.smallfirms’

D.employers’

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmaybeunnecessaryforthemtosendpeopletocolleges.

B.Theiremployeesmaybepromotedmorequickly.

C.Theymayofferpositionswhichyoudemand.

D.Theycannotaffordtosendpeopletocollege.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Students

B.Employers

C.Employees

D.Engineers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文開篇為我們介紹corporations的一些特點(diǎn)：corporations提供各種類型的工作；平均每年有超過500家corporations會(huì)派面試人員去高校找尋合適的高校畢業(yè)人才；大公司有相對(duì)完善的職工培訓(xùn)和退休機(jī)制，每年的年產(chǎn)值能創(chuàng)造出上千個(gè)工作崗位。接下來說明大企業(yè)也有一些缺陷，這些缺陷正是小公司的優(yōu)勢(shì)所在，為此作者還詳細(xì)說明了這些優(yōu)勢(shì)的具體表現(xiàn)。文章最后舉例說明與大企業(yè)相比較，小公司對(duì)畢業(yè)生而言的優(yōu)勢(shì)。本文通過比較論證讓我們更加清楚什么是corporation。A選項(xiàng)“定義corporations和firms”；B選項(xiàng)“展示公司和大學(xué)之間的關(guān)系”；C選項(xiàng)“告知求職者有關(guān)的就業(yè)要求”都不符合題意，D選項(xiàng)“為大學(xué)生描述公司”正確，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段“Bigfirmsareyourbestplaceforajobbecausetheirnormalgrowth,employeeretirements,andturnovercreatethousandsofjobsnationwideeachyear.（大公司是最適合工作的地方，因?yàn)樗鼈兊恼Ｔ鲩L(zhǎng)、員工退休和人員流動(dòng)每年在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)創(chuàng)造了成千上萬的工作機(jī)會(huì)。）”可知大企業(yè)工作機(jī)會(huì)很多。A選項(xiàng)“他們只雇傭大學(xué)畢業(yè)生”說法錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“他們可以提供很多工作機(jī)會(huì)”正確；C選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)谌珖?guó)有很多子公司”和D選項(xiàng)“他們的職位需求很有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”文中沒有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段第五句話“Theirsalariesareusuallycompetitiveandthechancesforadvancementandrecognitionevenstrongerthanthoseofabigfirm.（他們的薪水通常很有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，晉升和認(rèn)可的機(jī)會(huì)甚至比大公司還要大。）”。由此可知這里是拿大公司的薪水與小公司的薪水相比。A選項(xiàng)“公司的”；B選項(xiàng)“畢業(yè)生的”；D選項(xiàng)“老板的”都不符合題意，C選項(xiàng)“小公司的”符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可定位到文章第二段最后一句“Youcouldbecomeabigfishinasmallpond,reachingahigh-levelpositionmorequicklythanyouwouldifyouhadclimbedthemostcompetitiveladderofacorporategiant.（你可以成為一個(gè)小池塘里的大魚，比你爬上一個(gè)公司巨頭競(jìng)爭(zhēng)最激烈的階梯更快地到達(dá)另一個(gè)高層位置。）”可知小公司提供的職位比你想要的還高。A選項(xiàng)“他們可能沒有必要送人上大學(xué)”；B選項(xiàng)“他們的員工可能會(huì)升職更快”；D選項(xiàng)“他們供不起員工上大學(xué)”文章都有提到，C選項(xiàng)“他們可能提供你需要的職位”說法錯(cuò)誤，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。從文中第一段說很多大企業(yè)去校園進(jìn)行招聘并述說了你在大或者小企業(yè)里各自所獲他們各自的工作優(yōu)勢(shì)，可知本文是想給那些學(xué)生尤其是即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生介紹一些有關(guān)大企業(yè)和小公司的特點(diǎn)，為他們就業(yè)提供更多參考。A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生”；B選項(xiàng)“雇主”；C選項(xiàng)“員工”；D選項(xiàng)“工程師”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Censorship,awordthatseemstobe（）quitecontroversyovercertainpeople,maynotbesuchabadidea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arguing

B.attacking

C.causing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知這里指引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

14.單選題

Academicrecordsfromotherinstitutionsoftenbecomepartofauniversityofficialfileandcanneitherbereturnedtoastudentnor______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explicated

B.complicated

C.duplicated

D.implicated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)explicated“說明，解釋”；B選項(xiàng)complicated“使復(fù)雜化；使惡化；使卷入”；C選項(xiàng)duplicated“復(fù)制；使加倍”；D選項(xiàng)implicated“使卷入；涉及；暗指；影響”。句意：來自其他機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)術(shù)記錄通常會(huì)成為一所大學(xué)的官方所有文件，并且不會(huì)被返還給學(xué)生或者被復(fù)制。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Yearsofresearchhadeducatedmeabouthowsugar,fat,andsaltchangethebrain.Iunderstoodsomeoftheparallelsbetweenhyperpalatablefoodsanddrugsofabuse,andaboutthelinksamongsensorystimulation,cues,andmemory.I’dmetenoughpeoplelikeClaudiaandMariatounderstandhoweventhethoughtoffoodcouldcausethemtolosecontrol.

ButIwasn’tfullypreparedforthediscoveriesImadeaboutirresistibilityandwhoosh,theMonsterThickburgerandBaked!CheetosFlamin’Hot,aboutindulgenceandpurplecows.Withoutnecessarilyunderstandingtheunderlyingscience,thefoodindustryhasdiscoveredwhatsells.

IwassittingatChili’sGrill&BarinChicago’sO’HareAirportwaitingforalate-nightflight.Atanearbytableacoupleintheirearlyfortieswasdeepintoameal.Thewomanwasoverweight,withabout180poundsonherfive-foot-four-inchframe.TheSouthwesternEggrollsshehadorderedwerelistedasastartercourse,buttheenormousplatterinfrontofherhadbeenheapedwithfood.Thedishwasdescribedonthemenuas"smokedchicken,blackbeans,com,Jackcheese,redpeppers,andspinachwrappedinsideacrispyflourtortilla,"anditwasservedwithacreamyavocado-ranchdippingsauce.Despiteitsname,thedishlookedmorelikeaburritothananeggroll,anonly-in-Americafusionapproach.

Iwatchedasthewomanattackedherfoodwithvigorandspeed.Sheheldtheeggrollinonehand,dunkeditintothesauce,andbroughtittohermouthwhileusingtheforkinherotherhandtoscoopupmoresauce.Occasionallyshereachedoverandspearedsomeofhercompanion’sFrenchfries.Thewomanatesteadily,workingherwayaroundtheplatewithscantpauseforconversationorrest.Whenshefinallypaused,onlyalittlelettucewasleft.

Hadsheknownsomeonewaswatchingher,I’msureshewouldhaveeatendifferently.Hadshebeenaskedtodescribewhatshehadjusteaten,sheprobablywouldhavesubstantiallyunderestimatedherconsumption.Andshewouldprobablyhavebeensurprisedtolearnwhattheingredientsinhermealreallywere.

Thewomanmighthavebeeninterestedinhowmyindustrysource,whohadcalledsugar,fat,andsaltthethreepointsofthecompass,describedherentree.Deep-fryingthetortilladrivesdownitswatercontentfrom40percenttoabout5percentandreplacestherestwithfat.“Thetortillaisreallygoingtoabsorbalotoffat,”hesaid.“Itlookslikeaneggrollissupposedtolook,whichiscrispyandbrownontheoutside.”

Thefoodconsultantreadthroughotheringredientsonthelabel,keepinguparunningcommentaryashedid.“Cookedwhitemeatchicken,binderadded,smokeflavor.Peoplelikesmokyflavor—it’sthecavemaninthem.”

“There’sgreenstuffinthere,”hesaid,notingthespinach.“ThatmakesmefeellikeI’meatingsomethinghealthy.”

“ShreddedMontereyJackcheese...Theincreaseinper-capitaconsumptionofcheeseisoffthechart.”

Thehotpeppers,hesaid,“addalittlespice,butnottoomuchtokilleverythingelseoff.”Hebelievedthechickenhadbeenchoppedandformedmuchlikeameatloaf,withbindersadded,whichmakesthosecalorieseasytoswallow.Ingredientsthatholdmoisture,includingautolyzedyeastextract,sodiumphosphate,andsoyproteinconcentrate,furthersoftenthefood.Inoticedthatsaltappearedeighttimesonthelabelandthatsweetenersweretherefivetimes,intheformofcom-syrupsolids,molasses,honey,brownsugar,andsugar.

“Thisishighlyprocessed?”Iasked.

“Absolutely,yes.Allofthishasbeenprocessedsuchthatyoucanwolfitdownfast...choppedupandmadeultrapalatable...Veryappealinglooking,veryhighpleasureinthefood,veryhighcaloricdensity.Rulesoutallthatstuffyouhavetochew.”

Byeliminatingtheneedtochew,modernfoodprocessingtechniquesallowustoeatfaster.“Whenyou’reeatingthesethings,you’vehad500,600,800,900caloriesbeforeyouknowit,”saidtheconsultant.“Literallybeforeyouknowit.”Refinedfoodsimplymeltsinthemouth.

36.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’sdescriptionofthewomaneatinginparagraphfour?

37.Accordingtothepassage,themainreasonwhypeopleovereatisthat（）.

38.ThefollowingareallingredientsintheeggrollsEXCEPT（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

40.InthefirstsentenceofParagraphfour,theword“vigor”mostnearlymeans（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThewomanpreferstoeatatChili’svs.otherrestaurants.

B.Thewomantrulyenjoysthefoodsthatshechoosestoeat.

C.Thewoman’sefficiencyatcleaningherplateaddstoherdiningexperience.

D.Theauthorisdisgustedbythewoman’sconsumption.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.saltandsweeteners,likecorn-syrupsolidsandbrownsugar,areaddedtothefood

B.wedon’thavetochewourfoodverymuch

C.peoplelikesmokyflavor

D.sugar,fatandsaltchangethebrain

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.darkmeatchicken

B.salt

C.binders

D.honey

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ifyoueattoomuchfoodtooquickly,you’llgainweightandbecomeunhealthy.

B.Becauserefinedfoodisirresistibleandeasytoeat,itmaskshowunhealthyitis,leavingpeopleunawareofthepoorfoodchoicesthey’remaking.

C.Chili’sisoneoftherestaurantsintheU.S.servingunhealthyfoodtoconsumerstoday.

D.FoodconsultantsandauthorsaremakingAmericansawareoftheirunhealthyeatinghabits,thus,creatinghealthiergenerationsforyearstocome.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.pleasure

B.flamboyance

C.lethargy

D.energy

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】36.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。本題采用排除法。將信息點(diǎn)定位為文章第四段。即可排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。又根據(jù)第五段首句Hadsheknownsomeonewaswatchingher,I’msureshewouldhaveeatendifferently.（如果她知道有人在看著她，我肯定她會(huì)吃得不一樣）得出本題答案。

37.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干中的overeat，將信息點(diǎn)定位到文章最后一段，從而得出本題答案。選項(xiàng)A、C和D文中都有提及，但這些并不是引起暴飲暴食的原因。

38.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞eggrolls，將信息點(diǎn)定位為原文第七段。選項(xiàng)A中的darkmeatchicken與原文第七段第二句Cookedwhitemeatchicken,binderadded,smokeflavor.Peoplelikesmokyflavor—it’sthecavemaninthem.中的whitemeatchicken表達(dá)意思相反，從而得出本題答案。

39.

文章主旨題。原文的第一段第一句為本文的主題句，指出sugar、fat和salt改變了人們的大腦，然后列舉了一些例子，并且在文章最后一段對(duì)這些例子進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，指出這種情況產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。從而得出本題答案。

40.語義題。根據(jù)題干，將信息定位為文章第四段。結(jié)合上下文語意，原句中attacked（攻擊）這個(gè)詞不能與pleasure（快樂）同時(shí)發(fā)生，排除；因?yàn)閣oman并沒有意識(shí)到誰在關(guān)注她，排除flamboyance（華麗）；lethargy“昏睡”意味著懶惰，與主題無關(guān)，排除。D項(xiàng)符合句意，與后文提到的calories（卡路里，熱量單位）對(duì)應(yīng)。從而得出本題答案。

16.翻譯題

1.根據(jù)牛頓的發(fā)現(xiàn),白光是所有可見光疊加而成的。這就是加色概念的典型例子。例如去掉藍(lán)色色調(diào),白光就會(huì)變?yōu)辄S色,還有其他例子等等。然而當(dāng)把顏料的所有顏色混合,我們會(huì)得到黑色,這就是典型的減色理論,黑色代表所有顏色都存在。加色是透射光的領(lǐng)域的概念,減色是色素、染料和化學(xué)品的領(lǐng)域的概念。

2.但是我們對(duì)創(chuàng)新的追求究竟是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)什么呢?創(chuàng)新就是一種重要的新產(chǎn)品或者新程序,或者是一項(xiàng)制度,能夠在實(shí)際生活中大范圍的應(yīng)用,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)有著革命性的意義,就是以更低成本實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的工作效益。遺憾的是我們現(xiàn)在幾乎把一切事情都用創(chuàng)新來形容,因?yàn)椴皇撬袆?chuàng)新都能給社會(huì)財(cái)富的増長(zhǎng)和生活的改善提供一個(gè)長(zhǎng)久的平臺(tái)。

3.睡眠問題研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),總的來說,大多數(shù)人都是隨著年齡的增加,睡眠問題卻越來越少,上了年紀(jì)的人反而對(duì)失眠有更好的承受力。睡眠模式的大多改變都發(fā)生在20歲到60歲之間。那些經(jīng)歷著睡眠問題的人,應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生才好。因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)歷的問題也許是某種生病的跡象,也許是一些藥物的副作用。

ChooseONLYONEtextformthefollowingandtranslateitintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovidedifmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】1.AccordingtoNewton,whitelightissuperimposedbyallthepartsofthevisiblespectrum.Thisisatypicalexampleofadditivecolorconcept.Forexample,takeawaythebluehues,andawhitelightwillbecomeyellow,andsoon.However,whenwecombineeverycolorofpaints,wewillgetblack.Thatissubtractivecolortheory,inwhichblackrepresentsthepresenceofallcolors.Addictivecoloristherealmoftransmittedlight,whilesubtractivecoloristherealmofpigments,dyesandchemicals.

2.Butwhatshouldourpursuitofinnovationactuallyaccomplish?Innovationisanimportantnewproduct,newprocess,orperhapsaregulation.Itcanbeappliedonalargescaleinreallife,whichhasasignificantimpactoneconomyandsociety,andthatmeanslowercostforhigherbenefit.Regrettably,wenowuse“innovation”todescribealmostanything,becausenotallinnovationscancreatealong-lastingplatformfortherisingofsocialwealthandtheimprovingoflife.

3.Sleepingproblemresearchersfoundthat,tosumup,mostpeoplehadfewersleepingproblemsastheygrewolder,andolderpeoplehadabettertoleranceforsleepdeprivation.Mostchangesinsleeppatternsoccurredbetweentheagesof20and60.Thosepeoplewhoexperiencesleepingproblemsthatmaybesignsofillnessorsideeffectsofmedicationshouldseeadoctor.

17.單選題

Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,theterm“icebox”hadenteredtheAmericanlanguage,butice