考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

TheCommitteehasapprovedyourqualificationsandyouwillbe_______totheretiringHeadClerk'spost.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.employed

B.appointed

C.admitted

D.accepted

【答案】B

【解析】employed雇用;appointed任命為……;admitted接納;accepted接受。句意：委員會(huì)已批準(zhǔn)你的資格,你將被任命為退休的文書(shū)主任。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Manynew（）willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.opportunities

B.necessities

C.realities

D.probabilities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析A:opportunities“機(jī)會(huì)”；B:necessities“必要性”；C:realities“現(xiàn)實(shí)”；D:probabilities“可能性”。句意：今后，許多新的機(jī)會(huì)將為受過(guò)大學(xué)教育的人打開(kāi)。根據(jù)句意，A為正確答案。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheCommercialRevolutionwasnotconfined,ofcourse,tothegrowthoftradeandbanking.Includedinitalsowerefundamentalchangesinmethodsofproduction.ThesystemofmanufacturedevelopedbythecraftguildsinthelaterMiddleAgeswasrapidlybecomingdefunct.Theguildsthemselves,dominatedbythemastermen,hadgrownselfishandexclusive.

Membershipinthemwascommonlyrestrictedtoafewprivilegedfamilies.Besides,theyweresocompletelychokedbytraditionthattheywereunabletomakeadjustmentstochangingconditions.Moreover,newindustrieshadsprungupentirelyoutsidetheguildsystem.Characteristicexampleswereminingandsmeltingandthewoolenindustry.Therapiddevelopmentoftheseenterpriseswasstimulatedbytechnicaladvances,suchastheinventionofthespinningwheelandthediscoveryofawinemethodofmakingbrass,whichaskedabouthalfofthefuelpreviouslyused.Intheminingandsmeltingindustriesaformoforganizationwasadoptedsimilartothatwhichhasprevailedeversince.

ButthemosttypicalformofindustrialproductionintheCommercialRevolutionwasthedomesticsystem,developedfirstofallinthewoolenindustry.Thedomesticsystemderivesitsnamefromthefactthattheworkwasdoneinthehomesofindustrialartisansinsteadofintheshopofamastercraftsman.Sincethevariousjobsinthemanufactureofaproductweregivenoutoncontract,thesystemisalsoknownastheputtingoutsystem.Notwithstandingthepettyscaleofproduction,theorganizationwasbasicallycapitalistic.Therawmaterialwaspurchasedbyanentrepreneurandassignedtoindividualworker,eachofwhomwouldcompletehisallottedtaskforastipulatedpayment.Inthecaseofthewoolenindustrytheyarnwouldbegivenoutfirstofalltothespinners,thentotheweavers,fillers,anddyerinsuccession.Whentheclothwasfinallyfinished,itwouldbetakenbytheclothierandsoldintheopenmarketforthehighestpriceitwouldbring.

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatchangesdidtheCommercialRevolutionbringabout?

2.Theword“defunct”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.

3.Accordingtothearticle,inwhichareawasitmoreenergy-effective?

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Accordingtothearticle,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Methodsofproduction.

B.Appearanceofcraftguilds.

C.Increasedtradevolume.

D.Growthoftrade,bankingandmethodsofproduction.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.popular

B.obsolete

C.potential

D.extensive

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Smeltingindustry

B.Miningindustry

C.Banking

D.Weaving

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theguildsystemwasmoreefficient

B.thedomesticsystemwascapitalistic

C.thetechnicaladvancestimulatedtheguildsystem

D.thedomesticsystemwasnotasefficientastheguildsystem

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Technicaladvancesstimulatedthedevelopmentofenterprises.

B.Inthewoolenindustry,weaverswouldpassontheirproductstospinners.

C.Thedomesticsystemisalsoknownastheputtingoutsystem.

D.Theword“clothier”issynonymousto“entrepreneur”inthiscontext.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，商業(yè)革命帶來(lái)了哪些變化？選項(xiàng)A“生產(chǎn)方式”；選項(xiàng)B“手工業(yè)工會(huì)的出現(xiàn)”；選項(xiàng)C“貿(mào)易量的增加”；選項(xiàng)D“貿(mào)易，銀行和生產(chǎn)方式的進(jìn)步”，根據(jù)第一段第一句的內(nèi)容“TheCommercialRevolutionwasnotconfined,ofcourse,tothegrowthoftradeandbanking.Includedinitalsowerefundamentalchangesinmethodsofproduction.當(dāng)然，商業(yè)革命沒(méi)有限制貿(mào)易和銀行業(yè)的發(fā)展。它還帶來(lái)了生產(chǎn)方式的根本性變化”，所以商業(yè)革命的影響包括兩方面的內(nèi)容，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B表達(dá)的都正確，但是只是一部分的影響，不全面，所以可以排除；選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

第2題:詞義辨析題。第一段中“defunct”這個(gè)單詞大概的意思是，popular“流行的”；obsolete“廢棄的，已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)的”；potential“潛在的；有潛力的”；extensive“廣泛的”，我們可以根據(jù)下文來(lái)猜測(cè)這個(gè)單詞的含義，根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Theguildsthemselves,dominatedbythemastermen,hadgrownselfishandexclusive.工會(huì)本身被精通技術(shù)的人主導(dǎo)，變得自私和排他”，這句話是對(duì)“defunct”所在句“ThesystemofmanufacturedevelopedbythecraftguildsinthelaterMiddleAgeswasrapidlybecomingdefunct”中世紀(jì)晚期，由手工工會(huì)發(fā)展而來(lái)的制造業(yè)迅速地變得“defunct”的進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明，所以由selfish和exclusive可知defunct的意思應(yīng)該是obsolete，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第3題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，哪個(gè)地方的能源利用最高效？選項(xiàng)A“冶煉行業(yè)”；選項(xiàng)B“煤礦業(yè)”；選項(xiàng)C“銀行業(yè)”；選項(xiàng)D“紡織業(yè)”；根據(jù)文章第二段中“suchastheinventionofthespinningwheelandthediscoveryofawinemethodofmakingbrass,whichaskedabouthalfofthefuelpreviouslyused.如轉(zhuǎn)輪的發(fā)明和葡萄酒生產(chǎn)銅的方法，它們只需要以前大約一半的燃料使用”，可知由于技術(shù)的改進(jìn)，在冶煉行業(yè)能源的使用變得十分的高效,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。作者暗示什么，選項(xiàng)A“工會(huì)制度更加高效”；選項(xiàng)B“家庭手工制是資本主義”；選項(xiàng)C“技術(shù)進(jìn)步刺激了工會(huì)制度”；選項(xiàng)D“家庭手工制不如工會(huì)制度那么有效率”，根據(jù)文章第三段中“Notwithstandingthepettyscaleofproduction,theorganizationwasbasicallycapitalistic盡管生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小，組織基本上是資本主義”，可知家庭手工制是資本主義，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，以下哪個(gè)陳述是不對(duì)的？選項(xiàng)A“技術(shù)進(jìn)步刺激了企業(yè)的發(fā)展”；選項(xiàng)B“在羊毛工業(yè)中，織布工可以把產(chǎn)品傳遞給紡紗工”；選項(xiàng)C“家庭手工業(yè)也稱為散工制”；選項(xiàng)D在這篇文章中，“呢絨商”是“企業(yè)家”的代名詞，根據(jù)文章第三段中“Inthecaseofthewoolenindustrytheyarnwouldbegivenoutfirstofalltothespinners,thentotheweavers…羊毛產(chǎn)業(yè)的紗線會(huì)首先給紡紗工，然后傳遞給織布工”，可知并非織布工把產(chǎn)品傳遞給紡紗工，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

4.單選題

ThefirstancientOlympicswereheldin776B.C.ThegamesgottheirnamefromOlympia,theGreekcitywheretheytookplace.LikethesummerOlympicsoftoday,theancientOlympicswereheldeveryfouryears.

ThousandsofpeoplefromallovertheGreekworldcametowatch.Themainstadiumheldabout45,000people.“Wehaveaccountsofvisitorsandpilgrimssettinguptentsallaroundthesite.”LisaCerratoofTuftsUniversitysaid.

DuringthefirstOlympics,therewasonlyonecompetition-a200-meterrace.Butovertimethegamesgrewtoincludewrestling,racing,boxing,andothersports.Womenwerenotallowedtocompete,buttheyhadtheirownseparategames.

“Theancientathletebecamecelebrities,justliketoday.Theyoftenlivedtherestoftheirlivesbeingtreatedtofreedinners.”Cerratosaid,“City-stateseventriedtostealawayeachother’sathletesbyofferingthemvariousawards.”

TheancientOlympicsexisteduntilA.D.393.ButthemodemOlympicsarestillgoingstrong.

1.WheredidtheancientGreeksholdtheirfirstOlympics?

2.HowdidresearchersknowthatancientGreeksrushedtowatchtheOlympics?

3.WhatdidwomendosincetheywerenotallowedtoparticipateintheOlympics?

4.Theancientathletesmusthavefelthonoredwhenthey（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.InAthens.

B.InOlympics.

C.Inatown.

D.Inastate.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thousandsofpeoplecametowatch.

B.Themainstadiumwasnotbigenough.

C.Manyofthemwerevisitorsandpilgrims.

D.Theyhavefoundtherelatedrecordofevents.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theystayedathomedoingnothing.

B.Theyorganizedprotestsinthecity.

C.Theyhadtheirowngames.

D.Theysetuptentsaroundthesite.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.completedina200-meterrace

B.wrestledwitheachother

C.readtheaccountsofthegames

D.receivedthetreatmentoffreedinners

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.city-statescompetedwitheachothertowintheOlympics

B.theancientathleteslikedtocelebratetheirvictories

C.freedinnerswereofferedduringthecompetition

D.awardswereoftenstolentohonortheathletes

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段：ThegamegottheirnamefromOlympia,theGreekcitywheretheytookplace.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)得名于它的舉辦地一奧林匹亞，它是希臘的一個(gè)城市。確定C選項(xiàng)正確

2.根據(jù)第二段：…“wehaveaccountsofvisitorsandpilgrims...”確定C選項(xiàng)’他們中許多是參觀者和朝圣者‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’數(shù)以千計(jì)的人來(lái)參觀‘與題意不符。B選項(xiàng)’主體育場(chǎng)不夠大‘，文中提到體育場(chǎng)可容納45,000人，與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)’他們己經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了有關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的記錄‘文中未提及。

3.根據(jù)文章第三段：Womenwerenotallowedtocompete,buttheyhadtheirownseparategames.女性不允許參加比賽，但是她們可以有自己?jiǎn)为?dú)的比賽，確定C選項(xiàng)’她們有她們自己的比賽‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’她們呆在家里，什么也不做‘和B選項(xiàng)’她們?cè)诔抢锝M織抗議‘文中沒(méi)有提及。D選項(xiàng)’她們?cè)诒荣悎?chǎng)地周圍搭建帳篷‘與’參觀者與朝圣者搭建帳篷‘不符合，排除。

4.根據(jù)第四段：Theancientathletesbecamecelebrities,justliketoday.Theyoftenlivedtheirrestoftheirlivesbeingtreatedtofreedinners.古時(shí)候的運(yùn)動(dòng)員就如同當(dāng)今的大腕一樣。他們經(jīng)常終生可以享受免費(fèi)就餐的待遇，確定D選項(xiàng)’享受免費(fèi)就餐的待遇‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’參加200米競(jìng)賽‘是比賽項(xiàng)目，不符合題意。B選項(xiàng)’彼此較勁‘和C選項(xiàng)’閱讀比賽記錄‘文中未提及。

5.根據(jù)第四段：City-stateseventriedtostealawayeachother'sathletesbyofferingthemvariousawards.”各城邦試圖通過(guò)提供各種優(yōu)厚福利來(lái)按對(duì)手的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，確定A選項(xiàng)’各城邦為了在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中獲勝，彼此互想競(jìng)爭(zhēng)‘正確。B選項(xiàng)’古時(shí)候的運(yùn)動(dòng)員喜歡慶祝勝利‘文中未提及。C選項(xiàng)’比賽中提供免費(fèi)就餐‘與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)’經(jīng)常盜取獎(jiǎng)賞以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員‘與原文不符。

5.寫(xiě)作題

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“LoveandBeingLoved"accordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.

愛(ài)和被愛(ài)是人際社會(huì)關(guān)系最重要的一對(duì)因子。愛(ài)是付出，它是奉獻(xiàn)；被愛(ài)是接受，它是幸福；但它們又是相互置換。請(qǐng)你圍繞這一命題，結(jié)合事例談?wù)勀銓?duì)它們的認(rèn)識(shí)和看法。

【答案】略

6.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

預(yù)言未來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)是困難的事情。美國(guó)人逐漸意識(shí)到他們自己是在一種全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而且他們將不斷經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)的好轉(zhuǎn)和低迷。不過(guò)有一件事情可以確定的是，美國(guó)關(guān)于財(cái)富的傳統(tǒng)觀念已經(jīng)對(duì)人民的生活水平和價(jià)值觀產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。而因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人對(duì)于財(cái)富持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的觀念已經(jīng)深深扎根于他們的信仰系統(tǒng)，所以財(cái)富的衰退的現(xiàn)狀會(huì)對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的挫傷。不過(guò)即便是經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰退，很難說(shuō)對(duì)他們所持的理念帶來(lái)太多的作用，相反也許會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和促進(jìn)作用。

【答案】Itisdifficulttopredictthefutureeconomy.Americanshavecometorealizedthattheyarecompetinginaglobaleconomyandthattheywillcontinuetoexperienceeconomicupturnsanddownturns.Onethingiscertain,however,thatAmerica’straditionalviewofwealthhavehadaprofoundeffectonitspeople’slivingstandardsandvalues.American’sbeliefthatwealthwillcontinuetorisehavedeeplyrootedintheirbeliefsystem,hencethecurrentdeclineinwealthcanbeaserioussetbackforthem.Butevenarecessionwouldhardlydomuchontheirideas;instead,itmayproducepositivecompetitionandfacilitation.

7.單選題

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rid“得到解脫的”；B選項(xiàng)ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C選項(xiàng)soup“使振作;打扮”；D選項(xiàng)dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光線太昏暗我沒(méi)法看書(shū)。我再也受不了了。根據(jù)后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合題意。

8.單選題

26-30

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Helplessnessandworthlessness.

B.Feelinglikealoser.

C.Suicidalfeeling.

D.Alloftheabove.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itencouragesthepatienttobeatopstudentatschool.

B.Itmotivatesthepatienttoworkbetterthanothers.

C.Itmakesiteasyforthepatienttomakefriends.

D.Ithelpsthepatientholdapositiveattitude.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Byencouragingthepatienttodotheoppositeatschool.

B.Byurgingthepatienttofaceanychallengeinreality.

C.Bymakingthepatientawareofhisorherexistence.

D.Bychangingthepatient’sperspective.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewhostoptakingantidepressants.

B.Thosewhoaskformoremedications.

C.Thosewhoareonthemedications.

D.Thosewhoabusethemedications.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anxiousness.

B.Nausea.

C.Fever.

D.Insomnia.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】“Mostpeoplethinkwhentheyaredepressed,itjustmeansyoufeelsad”,saysDoctorR,apsychiatristwithCornelluniversitymedicalcollege.Infact,theso-callcommonestsymptomsofdepressionareprobablythemostpainfulforalotofpeoplewhichareafeelingthatyouareuseless,worthless,unlovable,nogoodorloser.(26)Acommonestsymptomandamostextremesymptom,ofcourse,isasuicidalfeelingwhereyoufeelsohopelessthatyoudon’tbelieveanythingwillgetbetterandyouarebetteroff.

Combinedtherapychallengesthatkindofthinking.Forexample,say,youareadepressedteen,someoneatschoolsayssomethingcredible,typicallythatmightleadyoutothinkyouareacompletelyloser.(27)(28)Doctor

Fsaysthe

Combinedtherapyhelppatientsseeallthetimetheyhavebeensuccessful,bothatschoolandwithfriends.Itiscompletelytheoppositeofhowyoufeel.Soyouchallengethemwithreality.Andthenyoucorrecttheirdysfunctionalreleaseandthatwillactuallychangethewaytheyfeel,Fsays.It’sasortofpersonalrealitycheckthatwillconnectexperienceincontext.(29)Oncethecombinationofmedicationandtherapywork,patientmaydecidetostoptakinganti-depressants.Buttheyshoulddosowithcautionbecausetheymayexperiencesideeffect.Theycangetreboundkindofsymptoms.(30)Itcangrowthingslikefeelinganxious,orhavinginsomnia,verydizzyandhavingNausea.

26.Whatisthemostseriousfeelingforpeoplewhoaredepressed?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音可知，很多抑郁癥的人會(huì)覺(jué)得自己無(wú)用、沒(méi)有價(jià)值、爰無(wú)能或者有失敗的感覺(jué)。但是，最嚴(yán)重的一種感覺(jué)是想自殺的感覺(jué)。故C為正確選項(xiàng)。

27.Fromwhichanglecanthecombinedtherapyhelp?

【解析】通過(guò)錄音可知，這個(gè)療法能使得抑郁癥患者覺(jué)得自己很成功，由此推理可知，該療法是通過(guò)讓病人持有積極的態(tài)度來(lái)進(jìn)行治療的。故本題選D。

28.Howcanpeopleindepressionbechangedafterthetreatment?

【解析】通過(guò)上文的解析可知，D為正確答案。

29.Whoaremorelikelytosufferfromsomesideeffects?

【解析】通過(guò)錄音可知，一旦藥物治療和心理治療起作用了，病人就可以停止服用鎮(zhèn)靜藥物，但極有可能遭受一些副作用（sideeffect）。因此本題答案為A。

30.Whichofthefollowingisnottheside-effectsofstoppingmedicine?

【解析】從錄音中可知，停藥后的副作用可以是焦慮（anxiousness）、嘔吐（nausea）、失眠（insomnia），但并未提及發(fā)燒（fever），因此本題答案為C。

9.單選題

HurricaneHugowill_____intherecordbooksasthecostlieststormeverfacedbyinsurers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.godown

B.goup

C.goby

D.gothrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。godown“下降，傳下去”；goup“增長(zhǎng)，上升”；goby“經(jīng)過(guò)，順便拜訪”；gothrough“經(jīng)受，通過(guò)，仔細(xì)檢查”。句意：颶風(fēng)雨果將作為有史以來(lái)遭遇損失最嚴(yán)重的暴風(fēng)雨被載入史冊(cè)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefighters.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATpreparatorycoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.Weseeourkids’collegebackgroundasaprizedemonstratinghowwellwe’veraisedthem.Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughprizestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducatinganddevelopbettercontacts.Allthatisplausible—andmostlywrong.Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools.Ontwomeasures—professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams―selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2-4%forevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke.Awell-knownstudyexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn’tlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarketandgraduateschool―theresultsmaychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.PrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn’t.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

1.Whydoestheauthorsaythatparentsarethetruefightersinthecollege-admissionswars?

2.Whydoparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolthanever?

3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Kidscountmorethantheircolleges”(Line5，Para.3)?

4.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?

5.Onepossibleresultofpushingchildrenintoeliteuniversitiesisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavethefinalsayinwhichuniversitytheirchildrenaretoattend

B.Theyknowbestwhichuniversitiesaremostsuitablefortheirchildren

C.Theyhavetocarryoutintensivesurveysofcollegesbeforechildrenmakeanapplication

D.Theycaremoreaboutwhichcollegetheirchildrengotothanthechildrenthemselves

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywanttoincreasetheirchildren’schancesofenteringaprestigiouscollege

B.Theyhopetheirchildrencanenterauniversitythatoffersattractivescholarships

C.Theirchildrenwillhaveawiderchoiceofwhichcollegetogoto

D.Eliteuniversitiesnowenrollfewerstudentsthantheyusedto

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Continuingeducationismoreimportanttoaperson’ssuccess

B.Aperson’shappinessshouldbevaluedmorethanhiseducation

C.Kids’actualabilitiesaremoreimportantthantheircollegebackground

D.Whatkidslearnatcollegecannotkeepupwithjobmarketrequirements

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.GettingintoPh.D.programsmaybelesscompetitivethangettingintocollege

B.Degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdonotguaranteeentrytograduateprograms

C.GraduatesfromprestigiousuniversitiesdonotcaremuchabouttheirGRE

D.Connectionsbuiltinprestigiousuniversitiesmaybesustainedlongaftergraduation

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyearnlessthantheirpeersfromotherinstitutions

B.theyturnouttobelesscompetitiveinthejobmarket

C.theyexperiencemorejobdissatisfactionaftergraduation

D.theyoveremphasizetheirqualificationsinjobapplication

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.”，中文翻譯為：但我們卻不承認(rèn)我們的癡迷（對(duì)上首選大學(xué)）更多是關(guān)于我們自己而非他們（指自己的小孩）?？梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)“相比小孩自己，他們更關(guān)心自己的小孩去哪所大學(xué)上學(xué)”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段“Weseeourkids’collegebackgroundasaprizedemonstratinghowwellwe’veraisedthem.”，中文翻譯為：我們將自己小孩的大學(xué)背景當(dāng)成展示我們?cè)鯓雍芎玫仞B(yǎng)育他們的一種獎(jiǎng)賞。以及原文第二段“Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughprizetogoaround.”，中文翻譯為：我們有完全成熟的名譽(yù)恐慌，我們擔(dān)心沒(méi)有充足的獎(jiǎng)賞?？芍狝選項(xiàng)“他們想增加自己小孩進(jìn)入著名大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)”為正確答案。

3.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段“PrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn’t.”，中文翻譯為：普林斯頓大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家AlanKrueger對(duì)入學(xué)一個(gè)頂級(jí)博士項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國(guó)研究生入學(xué)考試的高分?jǐn)?shù)有助于解釋誰(shuí)考上了大學(xué)，而名牌大學(xué)的學(xué)位卻沒(méi)有?？梢缘弥狢選項(xiàng)“小孩的實(shí)際能力比他們的大學(xué)背景更重要”符合題意。

4.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由B項(xiàng)“著名大學(xué)的學(xué)位不保證學(xué)生進(jìn)入研究生項(xiàng)目”可以定位到文章第三段中“PrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn’t.”，中文翻譯為：普林斯頓大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家AlanKrueger對(duì)入學(xué)一個(gè)頂級(jí)博士項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國(guó)研究生入學(xué)考試的高分?jǐn)?shù)有助于解釋誰(shuí)考上了大學(xué)，而名牌大學(xué)的學(xué)位卻沒(méi)有。故選B。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第四段“Onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.”，中文翻譯為：一個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在其他事情一樣的情況下，精英學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生經(jīng)歷更多的工作不如意。判斷出答案為C項(xiàng)“他們?cè)诋厴I(yè)后經(jīng)歷更多的工作不如意”。

11.單選題

Despiterepeated（

）byeducationalauthoritiesforconcretemeasurestoreducestudents’burdens，littlehaschanged.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.directions

B.recommendations

C.advice

D.calls

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管教務(wù)部再三呼吁減輕學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)，但是幾乎沒(méi)有改變。direction“指示”；recommendation“推薦；建議”；advice“建議”；calls“呼吁”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Beforehestartedthework,Iaskedthebuildertogivemean______ofthecostofrepairingtheroof.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assessment

B.estimate

C.announcement

D.evaluation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)assessment“估計(jì)、評(píng)定”；B項(xiàng)estimate“估價(jià)、判斷”；C項(xiàng)announcement“公告、宣告”；D項(xiàng)evaluation“評(píng)價(jià)”；句意：在他開(kāi)始工作之前，我請(qǐng)建筑工人給我估計(jì)一下修理屋頂?shù)馁M(fèi)用。因此該題B項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Topicsforcompositionshouldbe（）totheexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerned

B.dependent

C.connecting

D.relevant

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。選項(xiàng)A一般與with搭配；選項(xiàng)B一般與on/upon搭配；選項(xiàng)C可與with和to搭配，意為“與…相連”；berelevantto意為“與…有關(guān)的”。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

14.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationwanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajobeither.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitistheincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

6.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspaperclassifiedcolumns______.

7.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.

8.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

9.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.

10.Thejobhistoryhasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B.promisesusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersthatpeopleareavailableforwork

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytopleveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.Thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingthatwouldattractattentiontoone’sapplication

B.apersonalopinionabouttheorganizationonewastryingtojoin

C.somethingthatwouldoffendthepersonreadingit

D.aliethatonecouldeasilygetawaywithtelling

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.otherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】6.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“newtypeofadvertisement”可以定位到第一段，第一段最后一句說(shuō)到Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.（它的作用是在申請(qǐng)工作時(shí)提供幫助。），說(shuō)明這類在報(bào)紙分類欄中出現(xiàn)的新型廣告會(huì)幫助求職者申請(qǐng)工作。因此B選項(xiàng)“承諾為求職者提供有用的建議”正確。A選項(xiàng)“告知求職者可以獲得的機(jī)會(huì)”，C選項(xiàng)“將現(xiàn)有的工作崗位劃分為不同類型”，D選項(xiàng)“通知用人單位有人可以工作”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

7.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“specializedtypeofservice”可以定位到文章第二段第二句Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.（當(dāng)然，這種專業(yè)化服務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)和明顯的成功反映了當(dāng)前的高失業(yè)率。），說(shuō)明人們需要這種專業(yè)化服務(wù)類型是因?yàn)槭I(yè)率很高。因此C選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)的人太多了”正確。A選項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)類人才的工作崗位匱乏”，B選項(xiàng)“有很多的高層工作可做”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“工作履歷被認(rèn)為是一件藝術(shù)品”表述的因果關(guān)系顛倒，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

8.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“firstjobhunters”可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.（“只要寫(xiě)上你的姓名、地址、年齡和是否通過(guò)任何考試就可以了”，這是我離開(kāi)學(xué)校時(shí)，給應(yīng)聘第一份工作的年輕人的平均建議水平。這封信其實(shí)只是用來(lái)作為開(kāi)場(chǎng)白的，其他的一切都可以也應(yīng)該留到面試的時(shí)候再說(shuō)。），說(shuō)明過(guò)去人們希望第一次的求職者在面試之前只需要寫(xiě)一封求職信，其他的詳細(xì)信息可以保留到面試時(shí)再說(shuō)。因此D選項(xiàng)“在獲得面試機(jī)會(huì)之前，保留所有詳細(xì)信息”正確。A選項(xiàng)“初步寫(xiě)一封信說(shuō)明自己的人生經(jīng)歷”，B選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)聘前要通過(guò)一些考試”，C選項(xiàng)“除了會(huì)讀會(huì)寫(xiě)之外，沒(méi)有其他任職資格”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

9.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第一、二句Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.（后來(lái)，當(dāng)你一步步往上爬的時(shí)候，就需要一些稍微復(fù)雜的東西。當(dāng)時(shí)的建議是，在信里寫(xiě)下一些可以讓你和別人區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)的東西。），說(shuō)明去應(yīng)聘更重要的工作時(shí)，求職信應(yīng)該寫(xiě)得與眾不同，吸引雇主的注意。因此A選項(xiàng)“能讓人們對(duì)求職信產(chǎn)生注意的東西”正確。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)所要加入的組織的個(gè)人看法”，C選項(xiàng)“會(huì)讓閱讀者感到不快的東西”，D選項(xiàng)“可以輕易逃脫的謊言”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

10.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitistheincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.（但毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的是，正因?yàn)榍舐氝^(guò)程中有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人越來(lái)越多，所以簡(jiǎn)歷才變得更加重要。），說(shuō)明簡(jiǎn)歷變得重要的原因是有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的求職者越來(lái)越多。因此B選項(xiàng)“擁有學(xué)位的申請(qǐng)者人數(shù)增加”正確。A選項(xiàng)“公布的工作崗位數(shù)量增加”，C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在的工作越來(lái)越復(fù)雜”，D選項(xiàng)“申請(qǐng)工作的其他流程更加復(fù)雜”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

15.單選題

An（）ofthemoonhasrevealednoevidenceoflife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exploration

B.explanation

C.interview

D.invasion

【答案】A

【解析】句意:月球勘探已經(jīng)表明月球無(wú)生命跡象。

考查名詞辨析。exploration探索，勘探，探測(cè)；explanation解釋；interview面試；invasion侵入。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.單選題

Everybabybornadecadefromnowwillhaveitsgeneticcodemappedatbirth,agenomesequencingcompanyhaspredicted.

AcompleteDNAread-outforeverynewbornwillbetechnicallyfeasibleandaffordableinlessthanfiveyears,promisingarevolutioninhealthcare,saysthechiefexecutiveofIllumina.

Thiswillopenanewapproachtomedicine,bywhichconditionssuchasdiabetesandheartdiseasecanbepredictedanddrugsprescribedmoresafelyandeffectively.

Thedevelopment,however,willraisedifficultquestionsaboutprivacyandaccesstoindividuals’geneticrecords.Manypeoplemaybereluctanttohavetheirgenomeread,forfearthattheresultscouldbeusedagainstthembyanem