考研考博-英語(yǔ)-晉中學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-晉中學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thepoliticaldissidentsdecidedtotake（）abroad.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.escape

B.refuge

C.life

D.hiding

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。escape逃脫；refuge避難；life生活；hiding躲藏，隱匿。句意：持不同政見(jiàn)者決定去國(guó)外。takerefuge為固定搭配，意為“避難，（以掩飾等手段）逃脫困境”，因此正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

2.單選題

Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.

Asaresult,manypeopleavoidtheveryattemptsthataresourceoftruehappiness.Theyfearthepaininevitablybroughtbysuchthingsasmarriage,raisingchildren,professionalachievement,religiouscommitment,orself-improvement.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,andexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.

Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporthree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowwhyanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfantodescriberaisingchildren.Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.

Understandingandacceptingthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisonemostliberatingrealization.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealreadyhavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

1.Tounderstandwhattruehappinessisonemust（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,abachelorresistsmarriagechieflybecause（

）.

3.Raisingchildren,intheauthor’sopinion,is（

）.

4.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthatenvysometimesstemsfrom（

）.

5.Whatisthemainpointtheauthorisgoingtotellus?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwithpainunderallcircumstances

B.beabletodistinguishhappinessfromfun

C.makeeveryefforttoliberateoneselffrompain

D.haveasmuchfunaspossibleduringone’slifetime

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hefindsmorefunindatingthaninmarriage

B.heisreluctanttotakeonfamilyresponsibilities

C.hebelievesthatlifewillbemorecheerfulifheremainssingle

D.hefearsitwillputanendtoallhisfunadventureandexcitement

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.amoralduty

B.athanklessjob

C.arewardingtask

D.asourceofsuffering

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hatred

B.ignorance

C.prejudice

D.misunderstanding

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Happinessoftengoeshandinhandwithpain

B.Onemustknowhowtoattainhappiness.

C.Itisimportanttomakecommitments

D.Itispainthatleadstohappiness.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段：Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.如果娛樂(lè)和快樂(lè)等同于幸福，那么痛苦就等于不幸。...theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.但事實(shí)上，恰恰相反;導(dǎo)致幸福的事情往往包含一些痛苦。確定B選項(xiàng)’娛樂(lè)與幸福區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’忍受各種環(huán)境下的痛苦‘、C選項(xiàng)’盡一切努力讓自己從痛苦中解脫出來(lái)‘、D選項(xiàng)’—生當(dāng)中，盡可能的娛樂(lè)‘與原文不符，排除。

2.根據(jù)文章第三段：Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.如果他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的他會(huì)告訴你他害怕做出承諾，承諾是非常痛苦的。確定B選項(xiàng)‘他不愿意承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’他發(fā)現(xiàn)約會(huì)比婚姻有更多的樂(lè)趣‘、C選項(xiàng)’他相信，如果他繼續(xù)單身，他的生活會(huì)更加快樂(lè)‘、D選項(xiàng)’他害怕結(jié)束生活中的快樂(lè)、冒險(xiǎn)和刺激‘與原文不符，排除。

3.根據(jù)文章第四段：Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.但是，決定不生孩子的夫妻永遠(yuǎn)體會(huì)不到看著一個(gè)孩子長(zhǎng)大和含飴弄孫所帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)。確定C選項(xiàng)‘是一項(xiàng)有回報(bào)的使命‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘一種道德義務(wù)’、B選項(xiàng)‘一項(xiàng)吃力不討好的工作’、D選項(xiàng)‘是痛苦的來(lái)源’與原文矛盾。

4.根據(jù)文章最后一句：Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealreadyhavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.它把我們從嫉妒中解放出來(lái)：我們現(xiàn)在知道那些總是有那么多樂(lè)趣的人也許根本就不幸福。確定D選項(xiàng)‘誤解’正確。A選項(xiàng)‘憎恨’、B選項(xiàng)‘無(wú)知，愚昧’、C選項(xiàng)‘偏見(jiàn)’不符合原文，排除。

5.根據(jù)文章第一段：Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.我們堅(jiān)信充滿樂(lè)趣，沒(méi)有痛苦的生活就等于幸福，實(shí)際上減少了他們獲得真正幸福的機(jī)會(huì)。Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.如果娛樂(lè)和快樂(lè)等同于幸福，那么痛苦就等于不幸福。但事實(shí)上，但事實(shí)上，恰恰相反;導(dǎo)致幸福的事情往往包含一些痛苦。整個(gè)文章就是圍繞這一主題展開(kāi)論述的，所以A選項(xiàng)‘幸福經(jīng)常與痛苦緊密相連’正確。B選項(xiàng)‘人必須知道怎樣獲得幸福’、C選項(xiàng)‘做出承諾很重要’原文沒(méi)有提到。D選項(xiàng)‘是痛苦引起了幸?！c原文矛盾，排除。

3.單選題

Thewallflower______becauseitsweakstemsoftengrowonwallsandalongstonycliffsforsupport.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.socalledis

B.soiscalled

C.issocalled

D.calledisso

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句子可知這是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，句子中缺少系動(dòng)詞和表語(yǔ)。因此A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；socalled表示“所謂的”，排除D項(xiàng)。句意：墻花之所以叫墻花，是因?yàn)槠浯嗳醯闹Ω山?jīng)常要靠墻壁或順石崖生長(zhǎng)，以便有所依附。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Otherguestsatyesterday'sopeningceremony,whichwasbroadcast（

）bytheradiostationincludedtheGovernorandtheMayor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alive

B.live

C.lively

D.living

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。alive“活著的，活潑的，有生氣的”；live“直播的，活的”；lively“活潑的，生動(dòng)的”；living“現(xiàn)存的，活躍的，逼真的”。句意：昨天，廣播電臺(tái)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的開(kāi)幕式上，其他來(lái)賓包括州長(zhǎng)和市長(zhǎng)。由broadcast可推知是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。故B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(AI)predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbeconversingwithusatworkandrobotswouldbeperformingourhousework.Butasusefulascomputersare,they’renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid.

AgrowinggroupofAIresearchersthinktheyknowwherethefieldwentwrong.Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAIhasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.Manyoftheseresearchersstudyevolutionandnaturaladaptationinsteadofformallogicandconventionalcomputerprograms.Ratherthandigitalcomputersandtransistors,somewanttoworkwithbraincellsandproteins.Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnature-basedAImovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield.

Imitatingthebrain’sneural（祌經(jīng)的）networkisahugestepintherightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicistMichaelConrad,butitstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence.“Peopletendtotreatthebrainasifitweremadeupofcolor-codedtransistors”，heexplains,“butit’snotsimplyaclevernetworkofswitches.Therearelotsofimportantthingsgoingoninsidethebraincellsthemselves.”Specifically,Conradbelievesthatmanyofthebrain’scapabilitiesstemfromthepattern-recognitionproficiencyoftheindividualmoleculesthatmakeupeachbraincell.Thebestwaytobuildanartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills.

Rightnow,thenotionthatconventionalcomputersandsoftwarearefundamentallyincapableofmatchingtheprocessesthattakeplaceinthebrainremainscontroversial.Butifitprovestrue,thentheeffortsofConradandhisfellowAIrebelscouldturnouttobetheonlygameintown.

1.Theauthorsaysthatthepowerfulcomputersoftoday（）.

2.Thenewtrendinartificialintelligenceresearchsteinsfrom（）.

3.ConradandhisgroupofAIresearchershavebeenmakingenormouseffortsto（）.

4.What’stheauthor’sopinionaboutthenewAImovement?

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothephrase“theonlygameintown”（Line3,Para.

4）?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arecapableofreliablyrecognizingtheshapeofanobject

B.areclosetoexhibitinghumanlikebehavior

C.arenotverydifferentintheirperformancefromthoseofthe50’s

D.stillcannotcommunicatewithpeopleinahumanlanguage

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theshiftofthefocusofstudytotherecognitionoftheshapesofobjects

B.thebeliefthathumanintelligencecannotbeduplicatedwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms

C.theaspirationsofscientiststoduplicatetheintelligenceofaten-month-oldchild

D.theeffortsmadebyscientistsinthestudyofthesimilaritiesbetweentransistorsandbraincells

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.findaroundaboutwaytodesignpowerfulcomputers

B.buildacomputerusingaclevernetworkofswitches

C.findouthowintelligencedevelopinnature

D.separatethehighestandmostabstractlevelsofthought

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ithascreatedasensationamongartificialintelligenceresearchersbutwillsoondieout.

B.It’sabreakthroughinduplicatinghumanthoughtprocesses.

C.It’smorelikeapeculiargameratherthanarealscientificeffort

D.Itmayprovetobeintherightdirectionthoughnobodyissureofitsfutureprospects.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theonlyapproachtobuildinganartificiallyintelligentcomputer.

B.Theonlywayforthemtowinaprizeinartificialintelligenceresearch.

C.Theonlyareaworthstudyingincomputerscience.

D.Theonlychoicethatpeopleareofferedwith.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:能可靠地識(shí)別物體的形狀,B:接近展現(xiàn)似人類(lèi)的行為,C:它們?cè)谛阅苌吓c50年代的那些電腦沒(méi)有多大不同,D:仍然不能用人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言與人類(lèi)進(jìn)行交流,第一段指出:Butasusefulascomputersare,they’renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid(但是，如電腦一樣有用的它們，卻遠(yuǎn)不能取得任何絲毫類(lèi)似這些早期對(duì)似人類(lèi)行為的渴望。更談不上復(fù)雜程度如交談一樣的事情：最強(qiáng)大的電腦盡力才能可靠地識(shí)別物體的形狀，而這對(duì)一個(gè)10歲的小孩而言卻是最基本的任務(wù)),由此可知A及B不正確,C項(xiàng)文章并未提及,D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAIhasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence(科學(xué)家們稱(chēng)，問(wèn)題是人工智能一直都試圖去分開(kāi)設(shè)最高級(jí)、最抽象的如語(yǔ)言和數(shù)學(xué)樣的思維，且用有邏輯的一步一步的程序去輔助它們。另一方面，人工智能一個(gè)新發(fā)展卻更關(guān)注自然想出智能的更迂回的方式),因此B項(xiàng)“相信人類(lèi)智能不能用有邏輯的一步一步的程序去被復(fù)制”正確。

3.判斷推理題。第二段指出:AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence(人工智能的——一個(gè)新運(yùn)動(dòng)，不同方向，注重自然產(chǎn)生智力的更迂回的方式),第三段指出:Imitatingthebrain’sneural（神經(jīng)的）networkisahugestepintherightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicistMichaelConrad,butitstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence(仿大腦的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)是邁向正確方向的巨大一步，計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和生物物理學(xué)家邁克爾?康納德說(shuō)，但它仍然漏掉了自然智能的一個(gè)重要方面),以及后面指出:他（康納德）稱(chēng)‘人們傾向于將大腦看成似乎它是由顏色編碼的晶休管，但它不僅是一個(gè)聰明的交換器網(wǎng)絡(luò)。大腦細(xì)胞本身的內(nèi)部進(jìn)行著很多重要的事情’。康拉德特別地認(rèn)為，大腦的很多能力來(lái)源于組成每個(gè)大腦細(xì)胞的單個(gè)分子的樣式識(shí)別能力。由此推測(cè)選C:研究出智力在自然中如何形成。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。第三段指出:Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnature-basedAImovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield(這些早期努力的結(jié)果是獨(dú)特的也是有希望的，雖然這項(xiàng)新的基于自然的人工智能運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展緩慢，但卻將無(wú)疑地走在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的最前沿),由此可見(jiàn)作者對(duì)于人工智能新趨勢(shì)的態(tài)度是:認(rèn)為它在復(fù)制人類(lèi)思維過(guò)程中是一個(gè)突破。

5.語(yǔ)義題?！皌heonlygameintown”出現(xiàn)在最后一段,前面一段指出:Thebestwaytobuildanartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills(他（即康納徳）宣稱(chēng)，制作人工智能設(shè)備的最佳方法將是圍繞這種同樣的分子技能),由此可知“theonlygameintown”指代“制作人工智能電腦的唯一方式”,故選A。

6.單選題

Herhumorousremarksseemed（）,butwereinfactcarefullypreparedbeforehand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intentional

B.spontaneous

C.precise

D.crude

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)intentional“故意的；蓄意的；策劃的”；B選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的；自然的”；C選項(xiàng)precise“精確的；明確的；嚴(yán)格的”；D選項(xiàng)crude“粗糙的；天然的，未加工的；粗魯?shù)摹薄＞湟猓核挠哪脑u(píng)論看起來(lái)好像很自然，但是實(shí)際上是事先認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備好的。but表轉(zhuǎn)折，前后形成對(duì)比。由后一句的“preparedbeforehand事先準(zhǔn)備的”可知“seemedspontaneous看起來(lái)很自然”符合句意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.翻譯題

Leadersknowthatthentherearetwoopinionsonanissue,oneisnotboundtobewrong.Theyrecognizethathustleandrusharethealliesofsuperficiality.Theyareopentonewideas,buttheyexploretheirramificationsthoroughly.

Successfulleadersareemotionallyandintellectuallyorientedtothefuture—notweddedtothepast.Theyhaveahungertotakeresponsibility,toinnovate,andtoinitiate.Theyarenotcontentwithmerelytakingcareofwhat’salreadythere.Theywanttomoveforwardtocreatesomethingnew.

Leadersprovideanswersaswellasdirection,offerstrengthaswellasdedication,andspeakfromexperienceaswellasunderstandingoftheproblemstheyfaceandthepeopletheyworkwith.

【答案】領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者知道，在一個(gè)問(wèn)題上有兩種觀點(diǎn)，其中一種不一定是錯(cuò)的。他們認(rèn)識(shí)到，忙亂和匆忙是膚淺的盟友。他們樂(lè)于接受新思想，但也會(huì)徹底探討其后果。

成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在情感和智力上都是面向未來(lái)的，而不是拘泥于過(guò)去。他們渴望承擔(dān)責(zé)任，渴望創(chuàng)新，渴望開(kāi)拓進(jìn)取。他們不滿足于只關(guān)心已經(jīng)存在的東西。他們希望向前邁進(jìn)，創(chuàng)造新的東西。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者既能提供答案，也能指明方向，既能提供力量，也能付出奉獻(xiàn)精神，既能根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō)話，也能理解他們所面臨的問(wèn)題和與他們一起工作的人。

8.單選題

Researchcanhavenoeconomicimpactifthenewscientificdiscoveriesarenot（

）intomarketablegoodandservice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.launched

B.translated

C.dissected

D.conveyed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。launch“發(fā)射，發(fā)行”；translate“翻譯，轉(zhuǎn)化”；dissect“仔細(xì)分析”；convey“傳達(dá)，運(yùn)輸”。根據(jù)句意“如果新的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)化為市場(chǎng)商品和服務(wù)，科學(xué)研究沒(méi)有經(jīng)濟(jì)影響”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

ThedoctorgavemeachestX-rayand______somemedicineforme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.drugged

B.drifted

C.prescribed

D.floated

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)drugged“用藥麻醉”，drugsb.“麻醉某人”；B選項(xiàng)drifted“漂流；移向”；C選項(xiàng)prescribed“給……開(kāi)（藥）；規(guī)定”，prescribed(sb.)sth.(forsth.)“給……開(kāi)（藥）治療……”；D選項(xiàng)floated“漂浮”。句意：醫(yī)生給我做了x光胸透，還給我______了藥。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指醫(yī)生給我開(kāi)藥，C選項(xiàng)prescribed“給……開(kāi)（藥）”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Duringhistwo-monthstayinChina,Tomnever（）achancetopracticehisChinese.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.passedon

B.passedup

C.passedby

D.passedout

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。passon傳遞，繼續(xù)，去世；passup拒絕，錯(cuò)過(guò)；passby走過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)；passout分發(fā)，昏倒。這里指沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)一次練習(xí)中文的機(jī)會(huì)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Advertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunication（）theadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inwhich

B.inthisway

C.inthat

D.inorderthat

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配?？崭窈竺媸且粋€(gè)完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。inwhich引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，可以排除；inthisway“以······的方式”，不符合題意。inthat在句中引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，符合句意：廣告與其他的交流方式不同，因?yàn)閺V告人需要為要發(fā)表的信息付費(fèi)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasremainedbasicallythesame.

B.Ithasbecomebetterunderstood.

C.Ithasbeenexaggerated.

D.Ithasdecreased.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisnowthesecondleadingcauseofdeathforcentenarians.

B.Itdevelopsmoreeasilyincentenarianswhoarenotactive.

C.Itcallsformoreintensiveresearch.

D.Ithashadnoeffectivecuresofar.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theycherishtheirlifemorethanever.

B.Theirmindsfailbeforetheirbodiesdo.

C.Theirqualityoflifedeterioratesrapidly.

D.Theycaremoreabouttheirphysicalhealth.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】PassageTwo

[13]Inrecentyears,thedeathrateamongAmericancentenarians—peoplewhohavelivedtoage100orolder—hasdecreased,dropping14percentforwomenand20percentformenfrom2008to2014.Theleadingcausesofdeathinthisagegrouparealsochanging.

In2000,thetopfivecausesofdeathforcentenarianswereheartdisease,stroke,flu,cancerandAlzheimer’sdisease.Butby2014,thedeathratefromAlzheimer’sdiseaseforthisagegrouphadmorethandoubled—increasingfrom3.8percentto8.5percent—[14]makingtheprogressivebraindiseasethesecondleadingcauseofdeathforcentenarians.

OnereasonfortheriseindeathsfromAlzheimer’sdiseaseinthisgroupmaybethatdevelopingthisconditionremainspossibleevenafterpeoplebeattheoddsofdyingfromotherdiseasessuchascancer.Peoplewhoarephysicallyfitenoughtosurviveover100yearsultimatelygiveintodiseases,suchasAlzheimer’s,whichaffectsthemindandcognitivefunction.Inotherwords,[15]itappearstheirmindsgiveoutbeforetheirbodiesdo.

Ontheotherhand,thedeathratefromfludroppedfrom7.4percentin2000to4.1percentin2014.Thatpushedflufromthethirdleadingcauseofdeathtothefifth.

Overall,thetotalnumberofcentenariansisgoingup.In2014,therewere72,197centenarians,comparedto50,281in2000.Butbecausethispopulationisgettinglarger,thenumberofdeathsinthisgroupisalsoincreasing—18,434centenariansdiedin2000,whereas25,914diedin2014.

13.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheriskofdyingforAmericancentenariansinrecentyears?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于近年來(lái)美國(guó)百歲老人死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，說(shuō)話人說(shuō)了什么？錄音第一句話便講到，近年來(lái)，美國(guó)百歲老人的死亡率有所下降。D選項(xiàng)“它有所降低”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它基本上保持不變”；B選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)它有了更好的認(rèn)識(shí)”和C選項(xiàng)“它被夸大了”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

14.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutAlzheimer’sdisease?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于阿爾茨海默氏癥，說(shuō)話者說(shuō)了什么？錄音提到，在2000年，百歲老人五大死亡原因其中之一就包括了阿爾茨海默病。到2014年，這種漸進(jìn)的、慢性的大腦疾病已成為百歲老人的第二大死亡原因。A選項(xiàng)“它現(xiàn)在是百歲老人的第二大死亡原因”與原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“它在不活躍的百歲老人中更容易發(fā)生”；C選項(xiàng)“它需要更加深入的研究”和D選項(xiàng)“迄今為止沒(méi)有有效的治療方法”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

15.Whatischaracteristicofpeoplewholiveupto100yearsandbeyond?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)活到100歲以上的人有什么特點(diǎn)?錄音中提到，身體足夠健康、能活到一百歲以上的老人最終也會(huì)屈服于像阿爾茨海默氏癥這類(lèi)影響心理和認(rèn)知功能的疾病，換句話說(shuō)，這些老人的大腦會(huì)比他們的身體更脆弱。B選項(xiàng)中的fail是對(duì)錄音原文中g(shù)iveout的同義替換，因此B選項(xiàng)“他們的大腦比他們的身體要先衰退”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們比以往更珍惜生活”；C選項(xiàng)“他們的生活質(zhì)量迅速惡化”和D選項(xiàng)“他們更關(guān)心身體健康”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

13.單選題

Mypurposeistoconsiderif,inpoliticalsociety,therecanbeanylegitimateandsureprincipleofgovernment,takingmenastheyareandlawsastheymightbe.InthisinquiryIshalltryalwaystobringtogether（

）with（

）sothatjusticeandutilityareinonewaydivided.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichrightpermitted...whichinterestprescribed

B.whatrightpermits...whichinterestprescribed

C.whatrightpermits...whatinterestprescribes

D.whichrightpermitted...whatinterestprescribes

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。由選項(xiàng)和空格前動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)bringtogether“使結(jié)合”可知此題考點(diǎn)，with連接的兩個(gè)部分作賓語(yǔ)。which和what都可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但what指代的對(duì)象沒(méi)有限定范圍，而which受限制。由句意判斷此處應(yīng)表示“權(quán)利允許的一切以及利益要求的一切”，因此都應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Yourexaminationresultswerequitesatisfactory,but（

）ifyouhadspentlesstimeinplayingfootball?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldn’ttheyhavebeenbetter

B.wouldn’ttheybebetter

C.won’ttheyhavebeenbetter

D.won’ttheybebetter

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句用wouldhavedone（been）形式，因此選A。句意：你的考試成績(jī)很令人滿意，但是，如果你少花點(diǎn)時(shí)間踢球的話，成績(jī)不更好嗎？

15.單選題

Ofallthingsintheworld,Imostdislikefillingupforms;infact,Ihavea（1）horrorofit.Applyingforadrivinglicense,

（2）

foraneveningcourse,bookingaholidayabroad—everythingnowadaysseemstoinvolve

（3）informationaboutone’spersonallifeandhabitsthathaslittleornothingtodowiththematter

（4）hand.Whenapplyingforajob,itmaybe

（5）someobscureinteresttoa

（6）employertolearnthatIcollectstampsorhadmeaslesasachild,butwhy

（7）heconceivablywanttoknowthatmyfatherwasatobacconistwhodiedin1988?

Theauthoritieswho（8）onetofillupforms,frequentlydemandanswerstoquestionsthatonewouldhesitatetoput

（9）one’sintimatefriends.Theworstofitisthat,when（10）

withsuchquestions,mymindgoesblank.HaveIeversufferedfromaseriousillness?Mymotheralways

（11）

meIwas“delicate”.DoIsufferfromanypersonaldefects?Well,Iwear（12）lensesandmyupperteetharenotmyown,butperhapstheword“defects”

（13）

tomycharacter.AmIsupposedto

（14）thatIlikegamblingandfinditdifficulttogetupinthemorning?

（15）ofthemaretrue.

Ofall,Ithinkjobapplicationsarethe

（16）.“Education’’--previousexperience-postheld——give

（17）.Terrifiedbytheawfulwarningaboutfalse

（18）whichappearsatthebottomoftheform,IstruggletorememberwhatexamsIpassedandhowlongIworkedforwhatfirms.（19）hardItry,therealwaysseemstobeayearortwoforwhichIcannotsatisfactorilyaccountandwhichIamcertain,ifleft（20）,willgivetheimpressionthatIwasinprisonorengagedinsomeoccupationtoodubioustomention.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.mild

D.slight

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.attending

B.registering

C.inviting

D.working

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.given

B.togive

C.giving

D.havinggiven

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.in

C.at

D.to

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.with

C.about

D.of

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.coming

C.existing

D.on-going

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.need

B.may

C.should

D.did

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.bid

B.invite

C.request

D.require

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.for

C.upwith

D.with

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.toconfront

B.confronted

C.confronting

D.beingconfronted

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.ensured

B.insured

C.assured

D.reassured

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.contact

B.sightless

C.contacting

D.nearsighted

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.agrees

B.connects

C.relates

D.applies

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.deny

C.admit

D.reject

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.Neither

B.Both

C.None

D.Either

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.best

B.easiest

C.poorest

D.worst

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.days

B.dates

C.offers

D.suggestions

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.declarations

B.witness

C.publications

D.announcements

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.But

B.Therefore

C.Though

D.However

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.vacant

B.empty

C.blank

D.unwritten

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:A

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】（1）考查形容詞詞義辨析。positive“積極的；真實(shí)的”；negative“消極的”；mild“溫和的”；slight“輕微的”?？崭裉幥懊鎯?nèi)容提到“世界上所有事物中，我最不喜歡的就是填表”，并且提到了原因，對(duì)填表有恐懼（horror），四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)Apositive有“真實(shí)的”意思，“真實(shí)的恐懼”符合前后文情境，因此符合題意。

（2）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。attend“參加”；register“注冊(cè)”；invite“邀請(qǐng)”；work“工作”。根據(jù)空格處后面的關(guān)鍵詞eveningcourse“晚間課程”可以知道是“注冊(cè)課程”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（3）考查固定搭配。involvedoingsth.“涉及做某事”，因此可以排除選項(xiàng)A與B；由前面的“applying”,”booking”等可知此處不需要用完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（4）考查詞組辨析?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵含F(xiàn)在幾乎每處都需要提供關(guān)于個(gè)人生活和習(xí)慣的信息，而這些信息跟手頭上的事情沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。inhand“手頭上的”，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（5）考查固定搭配。beofinterestto“對(duì)……是有意義的，對(duì)……有趣的”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（6）考查同義詞詞義辨析。prospective“未來(lái)的，預(yù)期的”；coming“即將發(fā)生的”；existing“目前的,現(xiàn)存的”；on-going“正在進(jìn)行的,繼續(xù)的”。從whenapplyingforajob可知是在“申請(qǐng)工作”，那么面對(duì)的是“將來(lái)的雇主”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（7）考查should的用法。should常用在以why,how開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句中，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（8）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。bid“投標(biāo)，出價(jià)”；invite“邀請(qǐng)，招待”；request“要求，請(qǐng)求”；require“要求，命令”。request是有禮貌的要求，而require有種強(qiáng)迫的意味，從后文的demand處可以看出require符合題意。

（9）考查固定搭配。putsth.tosb.“把（觀點(diǎn)、建議）等告訴某人”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（10）考查分詞短語(yǔ)的用法。分詞短語(yǔ)可以相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示在做某事的過(guò)程中，發(fā)生某事或做某事?！懊鎸?duì)問(wèn)題”在文中是被動(dòng)含義，表示作者是被迫來(lái)面對(duì)這樣一些不愿意回答的問(wèn)題，因此，應(yīng)該用when+過(guò)去分詞，選項(xiàng)B符合題意，如果是主動(dòng)含義，則用現(xiàn)在分詞。

（11）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。ensure“確保”，ensuresth,/that；insure“投?！保籥ssure“保證；擔(dān)保”，assuresb.ofsth.或者assuresb.（that）；reassure“使安心”。根據(jù)后文Iwas“delicate”可知，此處省略了that，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（12）考查固定搭配。contactlenses“隱形眼鏡”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。agree“同意”；connect“聯(lián)系”；relate“相關(guān)”；apply“申請(qǐng)；使用”,applyto“適用于”。空格處所在句子的大意是：我戴著隱形眼鏡，補(bǔ)著牙齒，但是也許“缺陷”這個(gè)詞適用于我的性格。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（14）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。decline“下降；婉拒”；deny“否認(rèn)”；admit“承認(rèn)”；reject“拒絕”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵何沂遣皇菚?huì)被猜測(cè)應(yīng)該承認(rèn)自己愛(ài)賭博，早上起不來(lái)呢？選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（15）考查主謂一致。根據(jù)be動(dòng)詞are可以判斷空格處應(yīng)該填B，其他選項(xiàng)后面應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)形式。

（16）考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)后面的“terrified”這個(gè)單詞，可以推斷出在作者眼里，找工作是件糟糕的事情，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（17）考查名詞詞義辨析。day“一天”；date“日期”；offer“提議；出價(jià)；錄取通知書(shū)”。該句講述作者在填寫(xiě)表格里“教育”這一欄，需要提供具體日期，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（18）考查名詞詞義辨析。declaration“宣布，公告，聲明”;witness“證人，目擊者”；publication“出版物，發(fā)表”：announcement“公告，宣告”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵罕槐砀竦撞磕切┤绻顚?xiě)錯(cuò)誤聲明嚇到了的我，拼命去回想我之前通過(guò)了哪些考試，在哪些公司上過(guò)班。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（19）考查邏輯連詞。前面提到拼命回想以前的經(jīng)歷，空格處后提到還是有一年或者兩年的經(jīng)歷不太確定，兩者是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（20）考查固定搭配。leaveblank“留空格”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Thedictatorreliedonabuseofitsopponents（

）onsoundingreasoning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.betterthan

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。morethan不僅僅；ratherthan而不是；otherthan除了...不同于...；betterthan超過(guò)，好于...。句意：這個(gè)獨(dú)裁者依靠的是辱罵反對(duì)者，而不是有力的說(shuō)服。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

17.單選題

Formanyyears,artistshaveflockedtoParis,France,topaintortolearntopaint.Perhapsartistsfirstwenttherebecauseofthecity’sbeauty.Theywenttopaintpicturesofthebroadtree-linedstreets,thegreatchurches,andthegracefulriverbridges.TheartistsfeltcomfortableinParisbecausethepeopleofthecityhadalwaysenjoyedart.Parishadgreatartmuseums,filledwithfamouspaintingsandstatuesfrommanycountries.AndthepeopleofParishadalwayswelcomednewideas.Inthiscityartistsfeltfreetoexperimentwithnewwaysofpainting.AssoonasfamousartistspaintedinParis,studentscametolearnthem.Peoplecametobuypaintings.Mencalledartdealerssetupgallerieswherepaintingscouldbeboughtandsold.Otherskeptshopsthatsoldartists’paintsandsupplies.StudentsandtheartistswhowerenotyetfamouscouldliveinParisforverylittlemoney.Theylearnedbystudyinggreatartinthemuseums,andtheylearnedfromoneanother.Theyheldartfairs,hangingtheirpaintingsoutdoorsalongthestreets.

Today,NewYorkCityandFlorence,Italy,arealsofamousartcenters.Buttheworld’sprincipalartexhibitsarestillheldinParis.Importantjudgesofartlivethere.MostofthenewwaysofpaintingthathavestartedinthelasthundredyearsbeganinParis.SoartistsandartdealersstillgotoParisbecauseitistheworld’sleadingartcenter.

1.ArtistsfirstwenttoParisbecause

.

2.ArtistsstillgotoParisnowbecause

.

3.Themainideaofthestoryisabout

.

4.Thestoryleadsustobelieve

.

5.Thestorydoesnotsayso,butitmakesusthink

.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itwasverybeautiful

B.itwascheaptolivethere

C.therewerealotofstreets,bridgesandchurches

D.therewerealotofartmuseums

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisstillverybeautiful

B.itisstillcheaptolivethere

C.therearemoreartmuseums

D.itistheleadingartcenteroftheworld

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theworld’smostfamousartcenter

B.howtobuyapaintinginParis

C.thefamousartcentersofNewYorkandFlorence

D.artmuseumsandartdealers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.allartistswhogotoPariswillbecomefamous

B.thepeopleofParishaveneverlikednewideas

C.peoplecanbuyfinepaintingsinParis

D.Parisisthemostbeautifulcityintheworld

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thatParisisfamousforitsartists’paints

B.thatthereismorethanonewaytopaint

C.thatartfairsareheldingalleries

D.thatfewartistswillgotoParisinthefuture

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第二句話提到也許藝術(shù)家第一次去巴黎是因?yàn)樗拿溃≒erhapsartistsfirstwenttherebecauseofthecity’sbeauty）,，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段最后一句話提到藝術(shù)家和藝術(shù)交易商仍然去巴黎，因?yàn)樗鞘澜珙I(lǐng)先的藝術(shù)中心（SoartistsandartdealersstillgotoParisbecauseitistheworld’sleadingartcenter），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章講述的信息都是關(guān)于巴黎，而巴黎是世界著名的藝術(shù)中心，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段提到很多著名的畫(huà)家在巴黎作畫(huà)，人們可以買(mǎi)這些畫(huà)（AssoonasfamousartistspaintedinParis,studentscametolearnthem.Peoplecametobuypaintings），由此可知人們?cè)诎屠杩梢再I(mǎi)到好畫(huà)，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句話提到在過(guò)去一百年里，很多新的繪畫(huà)方式都始于巴黎（MostofthenewwaysofpaintingthathavestartedinthelasthundredyearsbeganinParis），由此可知不止一種繪畫(huà)方式，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

18.單選題

The

exchangeofgoodwillmissiongreatlythetwocountries（）abetterunderstandingbetween.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.carriesout

B.bringsaround

C.breaksout

D.contributesto

【答案】D

【解析】carryout指實(shí)施；bringaround指勸說(shuō)；breakout指爆發(fā)；contributeto指促進(jìn),對(duì)…做出貢獻(xiàn)。句意：兩國(guó)友好使團(tuán)的交流大