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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林大學(xué)珠海學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Itishardtopredictthecompany’sfutureatthis().
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.juncture
B.junction
C.jungle
D.junk
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。atthisjuncture“在此時(shí);值此之際”。句意:在此時(shí)難以預(yù)測(cè)這家公司的未來(lái)。A選項(xiàng)正確。
2.單選題
Itisnotimprobablethatsomescrupulouspeoplemightbeapttocensuresuchapracticeasalittleborderinguponcruelty.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.meticulous
B.contemplative
C.imprudent
D.trifle
【答案】A
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.meticulous一絲不茍的,小心翼翼的B.contemplative沉思的,冥想的
C.imprudent輕率的,魯莽的D.trifle(名詞)少量,瑣事
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】劃線單詞scrupulous在句中表示“細(xì)心的,小心謹(jǐn)慎的”,A選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞含義最為接近,故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。
【句意】有些一絲不茍的人可能會(huì)傾向于譴責(zé)這種做法有點(diǎn)近乎殘忍,這是不大可能的。
3.單選題
Ahundreddollarswillbe(
)tobuyahomecomputer.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.efficient
B.sufficient
C.effective
D.proficient
【答案】B
【解析】句意:100美元足以買一臺(tái)家用電腦。選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)符合句意。
4.單選題
Theboywasverynaughty,hismother()punishmenttomakehimobey.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.tookadvantage
B.madeuse
C.resortedto
D.turnedfor
【答案】C
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。tookadvantage“利用”,與of搭配;madeuse“利用”,與of搭配;resortedto“訴諸……”;turnedfor“逆轉(zhuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)變”。句意:這個(gè)男孩很頑皮,他的媽媽訴諸于懲罰使他聽話。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
5.單選題
Pleasedonotbe(
)byhisoffensiveremarkssinceheismerelytryingtoattractattention.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.distracted
B.disregarded
C.irritated
D.intervened
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。distract“使心煩意亂”;disregard“忽視,不尊重”;irritate“刺激,激怒”;intervene“干涉,調(diào)停”。句意:請(qǐng)不要被他無(wú)禮的評(píng)論所激怒,因?yàn)樗皇窍胍鹱⒁狻_x項(xiàng)C符合題意。
6.單選題
(
)thattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Socleveraretheconstructionrobots
B.Soclevertheconstructionrobotsare
C.Suchconstructionrobotsareclever
D.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒裝。so…that和such…that句型中,so和such放于句首時(shí),句子部分倒裝。故A項(xiàng)正確。句意:建筑機(jī)器人是如此聰明以至于它們最終減少了建筑工地上需要的90%的勞動(dòng)力。
7.單選題
Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilitytospurfurtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.renovate
B.advocate
C.arouse
D.stimulate
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spur意為“鞭策,激勵(lì),刺激”;renovate意為“翻新,修復(fù),整修”;advocate意為“提倡”;arouse意為“引起”;stimulate意為“促進(jìn),激勵(lì),刺激”。
句意:科學(xué)理論的一個(gè)重要特性是它能夠激勵(lì)對(duì)某一特定主題的進(jìn)一步研究和思考。
8.單選題
Aconservativemanalways()hostilitytothechangesthattakeplaceinthecontemporaryworld.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.cherish
B.embrace
C.embody
D.harbour
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:cherish“珍愛(ài)”;B:embrace“包括;擁抱”;C:embody“表現(xiàn),象征”;D:harbour“隱匿;懷著;包含,藏有”。句意:一個(gè)保守的人總是對(duì)當(dāng)今世界發(fā)生的變化懷有敵意。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意可知D為正確答案。
9.單選題
Tuckerisa______eater.Everydayhepolishesoffahalf-dozenhamburgers,apoundofpotatosalad,andagiantbowlofchocolatemousse.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.savory
B.palatable
C.culinary
D.voracious
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)savory“咸味的,好吃的,好聞的”,B項(xiàng)palatable“(食物或飲料)可口的,味美的”,C項(xiàng)culinary“烹飪的,食物的”,D項(xiàng)voracious“飯量大的,貪吃的,狼吞虎咽的”。由后面的句意“吃掉六個(gè)漢堡包、一磅土豆沙拉和一大碗巧克力慕斯”可知,D項(xiàng)符合。句意:塔克食量很大,他每天要吃掉六個(gè)漢堡包、一磅土豆沙拉和一大碗巧克力慕斯。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
10.單選題
FromChristianityandthebarbariankingdomsofthewestemergedthemedievalversionofpolitics_____inturnevolvedthepoliticsofourmodernworld.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.fromwhich
B.ofwhich
C.onwhich
D.bywhich
【答案】A
【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。fromwhich引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾medievalversionofpolitics;evolvefrom“由……進(jìn)化,從……產(chǎn)生出”,正常語(yǔ)句為thepoliticsofourmodernworldevolvedfromwhich…
11.單選題
Fertilizer,naturalsubstanceormixtureisusedto()soilsoastopromoteplantgrowth.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.enact
B.enlarge
C.enclose
D.enrich
【答案】D
【解析】句意:肥料、自然物質(zhì)或混合物被用來(lái)使土地肥沃,以促進(jìn)植物生長(zhǎng)。
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Enact通過(guò)(法律),扮演,擔(dān)任…角色;enlarge擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)充,擴(kuò)展;enclose圍繞,放入封套;enrich使充實(shí),使肥沃,使富足。故D符合句意。
12.翻譯題
許多人覺(jué)得跟計(jì)算機(jī)打交道比跟人打交道更自在。計(jì)算機(jī)更有耐心,不會(huì)對(duì)操作的人評(píng)頭論足。許多學(xué)生向教師請(qǐng)教的時(shí)候,總會(huì)感到緊張,他們樂(lè)于向計(jì)算機(jī)提問(wèn)。有些病人更愿意向計(jì)算機(jī)而不是向醫(yī)生說(shuō)明自己的病情,甚至出現(xiàn)了能夠解決心理問(wèn)題的計(jì)算機(jī)程序,因?yàn)樵S多人覺(jué)得與別人討論自己的心理問(wèn)題不太自在。
【答案】答:
Manypeoplefeelthatit’smorecomfortabletodealwithcomputersthanwithpeople.Theywillnotfeeljudgedbecausethecomputerismorepatient.Manystudentsfeelnervouswhentheyaskteachersforadvice,sotheyaremorewillingtoturntocomputers.Somepatientsprefertoexplaintheirillnesstoacomputerratherthanadoctor.Asaresult,thereareevencomputerprogramsthatcandealwithpsychologicalproblems,becausemanyfeeluncomfortablediscussingtheirpsychologicalproblemswithothers.
13.單選題
Thatmanclaimedtobea(n)()ofConfucius.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.descending
B.ascending
C.descendant
D.offspring
【答案】C
【解析】近義詞辨析。Descending“下降”,ascending“上升”,descendant“后裔;子孫”,offspring“后代;產(chǎn)物”,offspring作復(fù)數(shù),句意:那個(gè)人自稱是孔子的后代。所以C符合題意。
14.單選題
Betweenabout1910and1930,newartisticmovementsinEuropeanartweremakingthemselvesfeltintheUnitedStates.AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”(namedafteritsaddressontheFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.
SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.Comparedwiththeworksoftherealistpainters,theworksofAmericanmodernistsweremuchfurtherremovedfromtheactualappearanceofthecity.Theyweremoreinterestedinthe“feel”ofthecity,moreconcernedwiththemeaningbehindappearance.However,boththepaintersofthe"AshCanSchool"andthelaterrealistswerestilltiedtonineteenthcenturyorearlierstyles,whiletheearlymodernistssharedintheinternationalbreakthroughsoftheartofthetwentiethcentury.
ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.InCubismnaturalformswerebrokendownanalyticallyintogeometricshapes.Nolongerwasacleardifferentiationmadebetweenthefigureandthebackgroundofapainting.Theobjectsrepresentedandthesurfaceonwhichtheywerepaintedbecameone.TheCubistsabandonedtheconventionalsinglevantagepointoftheviewer,andobjectsdepictedfrommultipleviewpointswereshownatthesametime.
1.Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?
2.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasameansthroughwhichAmericanartistslearnedaboutnewmovements?
3.WhydoestheauthormentionAlfredStieglitz?
4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasamajornewmovementinthetwentieth-centuryart?
5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingwasafavoritesubjectforAmericanmodernists?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.ThedevelopmentofCubism.
B.ModemartmovementsintheUnitedStates.
C.ContemporaryartistsintheUnitedStates.
D.Theinfluenceofphotographyonlandscapepainters.
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.Lessonsfromsuccessfulartists
B.Theexhibitionsatthegallery"291"
C.TripstoEurope
D.TheArmoryShowof1913
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.Todemonstratethatphotographywasthemajorinfluenceinmodemart.
B.Tocomparehimtootherartistsofthetime.
C.Topointoutthatmanyartistslearnedtheircraftbystudyingwithhim.
D.Togiveanexampleofsomeonewhohadaninfluenceonmodernart.
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.Renaissance
B.Cubism
C.Therationaltradition.
D.Impressionism.
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.Portraitsoffamouspeople
B.Countryscenes
C.Citylandscapes
D.Picturesofbuildings’interiors
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了20世紀(jì)的美國(guó)藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng),因此B選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“立體派的發(fā)展”主要體現(xiàn)在第三段中;文章沒(méi)有講當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家,故C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)代美國(guó)藝術(shù)家”不正確;D選項(xiàng)“攝影對(duì)風(fēng)景畫家的影響”在第二段中稍有提及,過(guò)于片面。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork(美國(guó)藝術(shù)家在巴黎之行和攝影家AlfredStieglitz的著名紐約畫廊291的展覽中熟悉了新的藝術(shù)。但是在美國(guó)現(xiàn)代運(yùn)動(dòng)傳播中最重要的是1913年在紐約舉行的轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的軍械庫(kù)展覽)可知美國(guó)藝術(shù)家通過(guò)巴黎之行、291畫廊展覽和1913年的軍械庫(kù)展覽了解運(yùn)動(dòng),只有A選項(xiàng)“成功藝術(shù)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)”沒(méi)有提及,因此選A。
3.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.(美國(guó)藝術(shù)家在巴黎之行和攝影家AlfredStieglitz的著名紐約畫廊291的展覽中熟悉了新的藝術(shù))可知此處是列舉幾個(gè)隊(duì)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)有影響的例子,因此選D。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.(其中最大的突破是1907年至1914年在法國(guó)發(fā)展充分的立體派,這引發(fā)了文藝復(fù)興以來(lái)的一場(chǎng)重大革命)可知選B。
5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.(幾個(gè)受軍械展影響的美國(guó)現(xiàn)代主義者發(fā)現(xiàn)了城市景觀是一個(gè)非常吸引人的話題,尤其是紐約)可知選C。
15.單選題
16-20
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Whitebloodcellcount.
B.Redbloodcellcount.
C.X-ray.
D.ECG.
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.Toomuchworktodo.
B.Aheavyloadofstudying.
C.Herdaughter’ssickness.
D.Herinsufficientincome.
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.Leukemia.
B.Gastriculcer.
C.Immunedisease.
D.Gastricinfluenza.
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.Takethewhitetabletsthreetimesaday.
B.Takethecharcoaltabletsthreetimesaday.
C.Takeoneortwowhitetabletsatatime.
D.Taketwocharcoaltabletsaday.20.
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.Stayoffwork.
B.Drinkplentyofliquids.
C.Eatalotofvegetablesandfruit.
D.Postponeyourexercisewhensick.
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】P:Hereismyresult,doctor.
D:Haveaseat,andlet’shavealook.Well,yourECGisperfectlynormal,andthereisnoproblemwithyourX-ray,either.(16)Butyourwhitebloodcellcountisratherhigh,whichiswhatIexpected,anditshowsyourbodyisfightingthevirus.
P:IsthereanythinghereIcandosothatIcanfeelbetter,doctor?(17)Iamreallybusyatworkthisweek.AndIhavealotofstufftodo,butIdon'tfeeluptoit.Alsomydaughterisstudyingbedand...
D:Don’tworry.It’sjustagainstthefeel.ButIwillgiveyousomemedicineforittomakeyoufeelbetter.(19)Threetimesadaytakethewhitetabletsasdirectedonthelabelaftermeals.Andforthetablets,takeoneortwodependingonhowsuitableyourbowelsare.
P:IsthereanythingelseIcando,DoctorHunt?
D:Iknowyouarebusy,(20)butyoureallyshouldn’tgotowork.However,that’suptoyou.Restasmuchaspossible,drinkplentyofliquid,andeatplentyofvegetablesandfruits.Remember,anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Ifthereisnoimprovementafterthreedays,comebackandseemeagain.
P:Thankyou,doctor.
16.Accordingtothewomen’stestresults,whichofthefollowingitemisabnormal?
【解析】根據(jù)醫(yī)生的判斷,病人的ECG十分正常(perfectlynormal),X片也沒(méi)有問(wèn)題,但是白血球數(shù)量很高(whitebloodcellcountisratherhigh)。因此本題答案為A。
17.Whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforthewoman’sanxiety?
【解析】病人很焦慮,因?yàn)樗救斯ぷ骱苊?,女兒也生病了,學(xué)習(xí)壓力也很大。只有D(收入不足)不是她焦慮的原因。
18.Whatisthedoctor’sdiagnosisofthewoman?
【解析】醫(yī)生說(shuō)病人的白細(xì)胞量高,證明身體正在跟病毒斗爭(zhēng),由此推理可知,病人可能是免疫系統(tǒng)出了點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。故本題選C。
19.Howdoesthedoctorsaythemedicationsareadministeredforthewoman?
【解析】醫(yī)生說(shuō),按照說(shuō)明一天只服三次白色藥片,而charcoal藥片則需要根據(jù)腸胃(bowels)的適應(yīng)度,再?zèng)Q定是服用一片還是兩片,因此本題正確答案為A。
20.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthesuggestionsbythedoctor?
【解析】醫(yī)生對(duì)病人的建議是:不能上班,大量飲水,多吃蔬菜和水果。只有“生病時(shí)延緩健身”未被提及,故本題答案為D。
16.單選題
Allthepeopleinthestadiumcheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons()slowlyintothesky.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.ascending
B.elevating
C.lifting
D.lingering
【答案】A
【解析】ascend上升;elevate提升,舉起;lift提升,舉起;linger徘徊。根據(jù)句意可知這里指氣球慢慢上升到空中,選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。
17.單選題
Worldleadersneedtotakeactionontheenergycrisisthatistakingshapebeforeoureyes.Oilpricesare(1)anditlookslessandlesslikelythatthisisabubble.Thepriceofcoalhasdoubled.CountriesasfarapartasSouthAfricaandTajikistanare(2)bypowercuts.Richstates,nolongerstrangerstoperiodicblackouts(斷電),areworriedabout(3)ofenergysupply.Inthedevelopingworld,1.6billionpeople—aroundaquarterofthehumanrace—haveno(4)toelectricity.
Ibelievethatfundamentalchangesare(5)intheenergyfieldwhosesignificancewehavenotyetfullygrasped.Global(6)forenergyisrisingfastasthepopulationincreasesanddevelopingcountriessuchasChinaandIndia(7)dramaticeconomicgrowth.TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)saystheworld’senergyneedscouldbe50%(8)in2030thantheyaretoday.Yetthefossilfuelsonwhichtheworldstilldependsare(9)andfarfromenvironmentallyfriendly.Seriousthoughtneedstobegivennowtocreatingfeasible(10).Theneedforcoordinatedpoliticalactiononenergyandrelated(11)—climatechangeandalleviatingpoverty,tonamebuttwo—hasneverbeenmore(12).Yetthereisnoglobalenergy(13)inwhichthecountriesoftheworldcanagree(14)jointsolutionstothepotentiallyenormousproblemswesee(15).
Sodoestheworldreallyneedyetanotherinternationalorganization?(16),yes.Aglobalenergyorganizationwould(17),notreplace,bodiesalreadyactiveintheenergyfield.Itwouldbringavitalinter-governmental(18)tobearonissueswhichcannotbeleftto(19)forcesalone,suchasthedevelopmentofnewenergytechnology,theroleofnuclearpowerandinnovativesolutionsforreducingpollutionandgreenhousegas(20).
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.roaring
B.soaring
C.dropping
D.upgrading
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.provoked
B.pleased
C.suffered
D.plagued
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.security
B.severity
C.strictness
D.sickness
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.purchase
B.approach
C.reach
D.access
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.underway
B.undergrown
C.underlying
D.underlined
問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)
A.requirement
B.demand
C.request
D.claim
問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)
A.undervalue
B.undermine
C.undergo
D.undertake
問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)
A.longer
B.less
C.higher
D.lower
問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)
A.indefinite
B.definite
C.infinite
D.finite
問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)
A.alternation
B.authorities
C.alternatives
D.alteration
問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)
A.issues
B.news
C.information
D.materials
問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)
A.acute
B.serious
C.sensitive
D.alert
問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)
A.constitution
B.system
C.institution
D.institute
問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)
A.with
B.to
C.in
D.on
問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)
A.submerging
B.merging
C.emerging
D.immersing
問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)
A.Roughly
B.Frankly
C.Hardly
D.Basically
問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)
A.compliment
B.complement
C.complaint
D.implement
問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)
A.prospect
B.perspective
C.principle
D.position
問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)
A.military
B.administrative
C.market
D.international
問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)
A.emissions
B.supply
C.radiation
D.outputs
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:A
第4題:D
第5題:A
第6題:B
第7題:C
第8題:C
第9題:D
第10題:C
第11題:A
第12題:D
第13題:C
第14題:D
第15題:C
第16題:B
第17題:B
第18題:B
第19題:C
第20題:A
【解析】1.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“(常指車輛)呼嘯疾馳”,B項(xiàng)表示“猛增”,C項(xiàng)表示“減少,落下”,D項(xiàng)表示“(機(jī)器、計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)等)升級(jí),提高(某事物的)地位”。第一句提到energycrisis(能源危機(jī)),并且第三句提到“煤的價(jià)格翻了一番”,所以oilprice是“猛增”,B項(xiàng)正確。句意:油價(jià)正在飆升,這看起來(lái)越來(lái)越不可能是一個(gè)泡沫。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
2.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“激起,挑釁”,B項(xiàng)表示“滿意,愿意”,C項(xiàng)表示“遭受,經(jīng)歷”,D項(xiàng)表示“困擾,折磨”。前面提到因?yàn)槟茉次C(jī),油價(jià)和煤價(jià)都上漲了,說(shuō)的是一些負(fù)面的影響,而這句提到powercut,所以也是負(fù)面的,排除B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句子意思“國(guó)家受到停電______”可知,D項(xiàng)符合。句意:像南非和塔吉克斯坦這樣相隔甚遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)家也受到停電的困擾。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
3.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查句子語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“保證,安全”,B項(xiàng)表示“嚴(yán)重,嚴(yán)格”,C項(xiàng)表示“嚴(yán)密”,D項(xiàng)表示“疾病,嘔吐”。根據(jù)句子意思“富裕國(guó)家擔(dān)心能源供應(yīng)的______”,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)符合。句意:富裕國(guó)家對(duì)定期停電已不再陌生,它們擔(dān)心能源供應(yīng)的保障。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
4.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“購(gòu)買”,B項(xiàng)表示“處理,臨近”,C項(xiàng)表示“達(dá)到,延伸”,D項(xiàng)表示“接近,使用”。這一段都在講能源危機(jī)給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)電力供應(yīng)的問(wèn)題,該處講到了“發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)于電是______”,結(jié)合情景可知,應(yīng)該是“沒(méi)有電可以用”,access正確。句意:在發(fā)展中國(guó)家,約占人類總數(shù)的四分之一的16億人,沒(méi)有電可用。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
5.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查主表關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)表示“在進(jìn)行中的”,B項(xiàng)表示“發(fā)育不全的”,C項(xiàng)表示“潛在的,根本的”,D項(xiàng)表示“在……下面劃線,強(qiáng)調(diào)”。Whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是修飾fundamentalchanges,意思是“根本性變化的重要性我們還沒(méi)有完全把握”,空格處要填入一個(gè)形容詞作表語(yǔ),C項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)義,D選項(xiàng)表被動(dòng),均排除。B選項(xiàng)一般指人,所以A項(xiàng)正確。句意:我認(rèn)為,能源領(lǐng)域正在發(fā)生根本性的變化,其重要性我們還沒(méi)有完全把握。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
6.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“必要條件,必需品”,B項(xiàng)表示“需求,需要”,C項(xiàng)表示“請(qǐng)求”,D項(xiàng)表示“聲稱,(財(cái)產(chǎn)等)所有權(quán)”??崭裉幪钊胍粋€(gè)名詞,對(duì)象是energy,而之前提到energy是短缺的,所以這里應(yīng)該填“需求”。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
7.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查句子邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“低估……的價(jià)值,看輕”,B項(xiàng)表示“破壞,漸漸破壞”,C項(xiàng)表示“經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受”,D項(xiàng)表示“承擔(dān),保證”。根據(jù)as可知,前后是類比的,前面提到“全球?qū)δ茉吹男枨笳谘杆僭鲩L(zhǎng)”,后面提到“發(fā)展中國(guó)家也______經(jīng)濟(jì)迅猛增長(zhǎng)”,可知是“經(jīng)歷”,undergo正確。句意:隨著人口的增加和中國(guó)、印度等發(fā)展中國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛增長(zhǎng),全球?qū)δ茉吹男枨笳谘杆僭鲩L(zhǎng)。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
8.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“更長(zhǎng)”,B項(xiàng)表示“更少”,C項(xiàng)表示“更高”,D項(xiàng)表示“更低”。上一句提到“隨著人口的增加和發(fā)展中國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),全球能源需求迅速增長(zhǎng)”,所以這里的“世界能源需求比現(xiàn)在______50%”可知,應(yīng)該填入higher。句意:國(guó)際能源機(jī)構(gòu)表示,到2030年,世界能源需求可能會(huì)比現(xiàn)在高出50%。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
9.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)表示“不確定的,無(wú)限的”,B項(xiàng)表示“一定的,確切的”,C項(xiàng)表示“無(wú)限的,無(wú)窮的”,D項(xiàng)表示“有限的,限定的”。由yet可知,該句為轉(zhuǎn)折,前一句提到“世界能源需求會(huì)更高”,這里接著講到“化石燃料是______”,結(jié)合yet可知,空格填入finite符合。句意:然而,世界仍然依賴的化石燃料是有限的,而且遠(yuǎn)不環(huán)保。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
10.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“交替,輪流”,B項(xiàng)表示“當(dāng)局,官方”,C項(xiàng)表示“替代選擇”,D項(xiàng)表示“修改,改變”。上一句提到了“化石燃料有限,且遠(yuǎn)不環(huán)?!?,由這里的feasible可知,“可行性方案、計(jì)劃”符合,C項(xiàng)正確。句意:現(xiàn)在需要認(rèn)真考慮創(chuàng)造可行的替代方案。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
11.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查解釋性關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)表示“議題,問(wèn)題”,B項(xiàng)表示“新聞”,C項(xiàng)表示“信息”,D項(xiàng)表示“材料”。破折號(hào)表示解釋性關(guān)系,根據(jù)破折號(hào)的內(nèi)容“氣候變化、緩解貧困等”可知,這些都是“問(wèn)題”,所以填入issues正確。句意:在能源和有關(guān)問(wèn)題上采取協(xié)調(diào)一致的政治行動(dòng)的必要性,如氣候變化和減輕貧困等問(wèn)題。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
12.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查句間邏輯的主表關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)表示“嚴(yán)重的,敏銳的”,B項(xiàng)表示“嚴(yán)肅的”,C項(xiàng)表示“敏感的,感覺(jué)的”,D項(xiàng)表示“充分意識(shí)到的,警惕的”。主語(yǔ)是Theneedforcoordinatedpoliticalactiononenergyandrelatedissues(在能源和有關(guān)問(wèn)題上采取協(xié)調(diào)一致的政治行動(dòng)的必要性),空格處需要填入一個(gè)表語(yǔ),而上一句提到“現(xiàn)在需要認(rèn)真考慮創(chuàng)造可行的替代方案”,所以“采取協(xié)調(diào)一致的政治行動(dòng)的必要性”應(yīng)該是要“充分意識(shí)到的”,所以D項(xiàng)正確。句意:在能源和有關(guān)問(wèn)題上,如在氣候變化和減輕貧困等問(wèn)題上,采取協(xié)調(diào)一致的政治行動(dòng)的必要性從未如此這樣被充分意識(shí)到。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
13.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查修飾語(yǔ)與被修飾語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)表示“憲法,章程”,B項(xiàng)表示“系統(tǒng)”,C項(xiàng)表示“制度,公共機(jī)構(gòu)”,D項(xiàng)表示“(尤指科學(xué)、教育的)機(jī)構(gòu)”??崭裉幪钊胍粋€(gè)名詞,由inwhich引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾,意思是“世界各國(guó)可以就潛在的巨大問(wèn)題達(dá)成共同解決方案”,結(jié)合介詞in,可推測(cè)空格處是一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的,A、B項(xiàng)排除,D項(xiàng)側(cè)重學(xué)術(shù)研究之類的學(xué)院、團(tuán)隊(duì)等,所以institution正確。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
14.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。A項(xiàng)agreewith表示“贊同”,指同意某人或某人的意見(jiàn)、想法、分析、解釋等,賓語(yǔ)多為人;B項(xiàng)agreeto表示“贊同”,同意一方提出建議、安排、計(jì)劃等,后面跟do;C項(xiàng)表示“在……方面一致”,后面跟doing;D項(xiàng)agreeon表示“相符,相一致”,指對(duì)某事有同樣的看法或商定某事。jointsolutions是名詞,表示物,所以只有agreeon正確。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
15.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查修飾語(yǔ)與被修飾語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)表示“淹沒(méi)”,B項(xiàng)表示“合并,融入”,C項(xiàng)表示“浮現(xiàn),變得顯眼(或重要、突出)”,D項(xiàng)表示“浸泡”??崭癫糠肿龆ㄕZ(yǔ)修飾problems,而根據(jù)potentially可知,“正在浮現(xiàn)的”符合語(yǔ)義。句意:然而,目前還沒(méi)有一個(gè)全球性的能源機(jī)構(gòu),讓世界各國(guó)能夠就正在涌現(xiàn)的、可能為數(shù)眾多的問(wèn)題達(dá)成共同解決方案。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
16.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查句間邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“粗糙地,概略地”,B項(xiàng)表示“坦率地,老實(shí)說(shuō)”,C項(xiàng)表示“幾乎不,簡(jiǎn)直不”,D項(xiàng)表示“主要地,基本上”。第三段第一句提到一個(gè)問(wèn)題“那么,世界真的需要另一個(gè)國(guó)際組織嗎?”,后面的回答是yes,所以應(yīng)該填frankly才符合語(yǔ)義。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
17.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查句子邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“恭維,稱贊”,B項(xiàng)表示“補(bǔ)充”,C項(xiàng)表示“抱怨,訴苦”,D項(xiàng)表示“實(shí)施,執(zhí)行”。由not可知,replace和空格處是對(duì)立的,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有complement符合。句意:一個(gè)全球性能源組織將補(bǔ)充而不是取代已經(jīng)在能源領(lǐng)域活躍的機(jī)構(gòu)。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
18.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查句子邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“前途,預(yù)期”,B項(xiàng)表示“觀點(diǎn),思考方法”,C項(xiàng)表示“原則”,D項(xiàng)表示“位置,地位”。由onissues可知,關(guān)于“問(wèn)題”的肯定是“觀點(diǎn)”,所以perspective符合。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
19.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)表示“軍事的,軍人的”,B項(xiàng)表示“管理的,行政的”,C項(xiàng)表示“市場(chǎng),行情”,D項(xiàng)表示“國(guó)際的”。前兩段提到能源短缺導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)能源價(jià)格飆升,為了解決這一問(wèn)題,提議由一個(gè)全球性的能源組織來(lái)聯(lián)合解決,根據(jù)句子中的alone可知“市場(chǎng)力量”正確。句意:它將使政府間的重要觀點(diǎn)適用于不能只由市場(chǎng)力量解決的問(wèn)題。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
20.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查句子邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“排放”,B項(xiàng)表示“供給,補(bǔ)給”,C項(xiàng)表示“輻射,放射物”,D項(xiàng)表示“輸出”。空格部分和pollution是并列對(duì)等關(guān)系,由greenhousegas可知,“溫室氣體排放”符合語(yǔ)境。句意:它將使政府間的重要觀點(diǎn)適用于不能只由市場(chǎng)力量解決的問(wèn)題,例如新能源技術(shù)的發(fā)展、核能的作用和減少污染和溫室氣體排放的創(chuàng)新解決辦法。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
18.單選題
Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.
First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.
Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomakethearea,whichhasbeenpruned,smoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.
1.Pruningshouldbedoneto().
2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener().
3.Whyisaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetree?
4.Agoodgardenerprunesatree().
5.Whatwastheauthor’spurposewhenwritingthispassage?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.makethetreegrowtaller
B.improvetheshapeofthetree
C.getridofthesmallbranches
D.makethesmallbranchesthicker
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle
B.doesnotprotectthemfromwind
C.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly
D.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.Tomakeawoundsmooth.
B.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.
C.Tocoveraroughsurface.
D.Tohelpawoundtodry.
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.atintervalsthroughouttheyear
B.asquicklyaspossible
C.occasionallywhennecessary
D.regulareverywinter
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.
B.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.
C.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdiseases.
D.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Pruningshouldbedone”定位至第二段:pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize(修枝是為了確保樹木按照所需要的形狀或大小生長(zhǎng))。因此,B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
2.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Treesbecomeunhealthy”定位至第二段:Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentre…(剪去堵塞中心的樹枝可以促進(jìn)樹木的健康)。因此推測(cè),樹木中心的樹枝太多不利于樹木的生長(zhǎng),A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“specialsubstancepaintedonthetree”定位至第三段:Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease...andthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.由此可知,在樹木切口表面漆上特殊的材料就是為了防止病害從樹木切口進(jìn)入,B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
4.第一段指出:moredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway(不必要的剪枝會(huì)給樹木帶來(lái)更多的傷害)。由此推測(cè),好的園丁只是在必要的時(shí)候才修剪樹木,C項(xiàng)為正確答案。
5.通篇作者在闡述什么情況下修剪樹木并且詳細(xì)介紹了原因和方法。因此,作者的目的是在修剪樹木方面給予實(shí)踐指導(dǎo),A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
19.翻譯題
中國(guó)政府承諾將通過(guò)引進(jìn)區(qū)域氣候改善項(xiàng)目,關(guān)閉小煤窯和發(fā)電廠以及繼續(xù)對(duì)商業(yè)排放進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的舉措,來(lái)進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色環(huán)保的目標(biāo)。在中央及各地方政府的努力下,2008年中國(guó)在節(jié)能減排方面取得一定成效。2月份國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的年度報(bào)告顯示,2008年中國(guó)的能耗下降了4.59%,略高于統(tǒng)計(jì)局之前降幅約4.21%的估計(jì)。但是數(shù)據(jù)顯示兩大污染物SO2和COD同2005年的水平相比,分別下降了7%和5%。根據(jù)十一五計(jì)劃,到2010年,工業(yè)用水的需求量將比2005年下降20%,而森林覆蓋率將占到全國(guó)面積的20%,比2005年上漲18.2%。
【答案】【參考譯文】TheChinesegovernmentpromisestofurtherachievethegoalofgreenandenvironmentalprotectionthroughintroducingprojectsforimprovingregionalclimate,shuttingdownsmallcoalminesandpowerplantsandalsocontinuingtoexperimentwithcommercialemissions.Undertheeffortsofthecentralandlocalgovernments,Chinahasmadecertainachievementsintheaspectofenergyconservationandemissionsreductionin2008.TheannualreportmadebytheNationalBureauofStatisticsinFebruaryshowedthatChina’senergyconsumptiondroppedby4.59%in2008,slightlyhigherthanthedeclineofabout4.21%previouslyestimatedbytheNationalBureauofStatistics.ButthedataindicatedthattheemissionamountofthetwomajorpollutantsSO2andCODfellby7%and5%respectivelycomparedwiththosein2005.Accordingtothe11thfive-yearplan,by2010,thedemandforindustrialwaterwillbe20%lowerthanthatin2005,buttherateofforestcoveragewillaccountfor20%ofthenationalterritoryarea,rising18.2%thanthatin2005.
20.單選題
Hespokeso(
)thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.bluntly
B.convincingly
C.emphatically
D.determinedly
【答案】B
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)bluntly“坦率地,率直地”;B選項(xiàng)convincingly“使人信服地,有說(shuō)服力地”;C選項(xiàng)emphatically“堅(jiān)決地,斷然地”;D選項(xiàng)determinedly“決然地,斷然地”。句意:他講得如此有說(shuō)服力,以至于他的對(duì)手都被他的辯論所折服。結(jié)合此處句意,B選項(xiàng)正確。
21.單選題
Fredtriedtogettothedoorbutthetablewas(
).
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.inaway
B.ontheway
C.intheway
D.bytheway
【答案】C
【解析】句意:Fred打算到門口去,但桌子擋住了路。
考查短語(yǔ)辨析。inaway在某種程度上;ontheway在…途中;intheway妨礙,擋道;bytheway附帶說(shuō)一句。故C符合句意。
22.單選題
Idon’tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot()todothattypeofwork.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.compatible
B.convenient
C.consistent
D.competent
【答案】C
【解析】形近詞辨析。compatible兼容的;convenient方便的;consistent始終如一的,堅(jiān)持的;competent勝任的;有能力的。句意:我認(rèn)為約翰遜不能勝任他的新工作,因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有一直堅(jiān)持做那種類型的工作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
試題答案C
23.單選題
Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst(1),theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis(2)tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture(3)andculturalgrowthincreased.
Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis(4)forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They(5)thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswitha(n)(6)languageabilitynotfoundinlowerorganisms.Supportersofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour(7)forlanguageisinborn,butthat
languageitselfdevelopsgradually,asafunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical(8)timesforlanguagedevelopment.
Current(9)ofinnatenesstheoryaremixed;however,evidence(10)theexistenceofsome
innateabilitiesisundeniable.Indeed,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin(11)grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing(12)to
them,whileadultshaveamuch(13)timelearninganotherlanguageoncetherulesoftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.
(14)someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyin
avacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen(15)fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.This
demonstratesthat(16)withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage(17)thananyinnatecapacities.
Thesetheoristsviewlanguage(18)imitative,learnedbehavior.(19),childrenlearnlanguage
fromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsby(20)reinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.generated
B.evolved
C.born
D.originated
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.valuable
B.appropriate
C.convenient
D.favorite
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.attainments
B.feasibility
C.entertainments
D.evolution
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.essential
B.available
C.reliable
D.responsible
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.confirm
B.inform
C.claim
D.convince
問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)
A.innate
B.basic
C.inspiring
D.outgoing
問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)
A.potential
B.performance
C.preference
D.passion
問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)
A.ideological
B.biological
C.social
D.psychological
問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)
A.reviews
B.reference
C.reaction
D.recommendation
問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)
A.opposing
B.supporting
C.encouraging
D.discouraging
問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)
A.various
B.different
C.thehigher
D.thelower
問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)
A.revealed
B.exposed
C.engaged
D.involved
問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)
A.hard
B.easy
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