考研考博-英語-南方科技大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南方科技大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

ThegovernmentandMicrosoftplantosellaroundtheworldBritain’snewsystemforonlinetransactionsbetweencitizensandgovernmentafteritssuccessfullaunchintheUK.Akeystepinthegovernment’s$1.4billione-governmentprogramhasbeenonlinepaymentfortheInlandRevenuespay-as-you-earnscheme,someCustomsandExcisevalueaddedtaxprocedure,andclaimsforEuropeanUnionsubsidiesforfarmersallgoliveinthepastmonth.AtapresentationinSeattletoday,BillGates,Microsoft’sco-founderandchairman,willdemonstratetheBritishsystemto400governmentofficialsfrom80countriestoshowhowcitizensandbusinessescaninteractwithgovernmentovertheInternet.

“AlthoughsomeUSstatesareusingleadingedgetechnology,Europeingeneral,andtheUKinparticular,iswellaheadinimplementinge-governmentinitiatives.Itshouldputthecitizenatthecenterofthegovernment,”saysDavideVigano,generalmanagerofpublicsectoratthesoftwaregroup,“Theprojectshavebeenimplementedinjust15weeksusingMicrosoft’snettechnology,”saidAndrewPinder,thegovernment’se-envoy.“Thisisakeypieceofinfrastructure,broughtinontimeandonbudget,”hesaid.

Thesecuretransactiontechnologyistoberolledoutthroughabout200centralgovernmentdepartmentsandagenciesand482localgovernmentinstitutionsoverthenextfiveyearsinthedrivetohaveallofthegovernmentonlineby2005.ThesuccessfulimplementationisacoupforMicrosoftwhichistryingtobuildupitsenterprisesoftwarebusinessandhastargetede-government.Ithasabout1,000staffdedicatedtogovernmentbusiness.

“ThisisamilestoneforMicrosoft,”saidBarryGoffe,groupmanager,netenterprisesolutionsattheRedwood,Washingtonstate-basedcompany.“Twoyearsago,whenthetechnologyforsuccessfulintegrationdidnotexist,wewouldhavewalkedaway.”ThehardwarewassuppliedbyDell,andtheserversaremanagedbyCableandWireless.ThetechnologyisbasedonXML,anewlanguageprotocolthatallowsinformationtobelabeledandtheneasilyexchangedbetweencomputersondifferentplatforms.“Peoplewanttohangontotheirlegacysystemswhichhavebeenmassiveinvestments,butintegratingthesehasprovendifficultandexpensiveinthepast.It’sastonishinghowthefrictionhasbeenwipedoutbyXML,whichreducespaperwork,reducescomplexityandslashescosts,”saidMr.Goffe.

1.Thee-governmentsoftwareispartofMicrosoffs______.

2.Twoyearsago,thee-governmentprogramwasstillimpossibleduetothelackof______.

問題1選項

A.enterprisesoftwarebusiness

B.mostprofit-makingproducts

C.securetransactiontechnology

D.mostsophisticatedtechnology

問題2選項

A.advancedhardware

B.efficientseversmanagement

C.thelanguageprotocolXML

D.researchfunding

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章第三段第二句ThesuccessfulimplementationisacoupforMicrosoftwhichistryingtobuildupitsenterprisesoftwarebusinessandhastargetede-government.Ithasabout1,000staffdedicatedtogovernmentbusiness.（這一成功實施對微軟來說是一場政變，微軟正試圖建立自己的企業(yè)軟件業(yè)務(wù)，并將目標(biāo)對準(zhǔn)了電子政府）。A選項“軟件企業(yè)”，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，微軟把電子政府作為軟件企業(yè)，A選項正確。B選項“最賺錢的產(chǎn)品”，文章沒有提到這一點，因此可排除。C選項“安全交易技術(shù)”，文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“最精湛技術(shù)”，不符合題意，可排除。因此正確答案為A選項。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句ThetechnologyisbasedonXML,anewlanguageprotocolthatallowsinformationtobelabeledandtheneasilyexchangedbetweencomputersondifferentplatforms.（該技術(shù)基于XML，這是一種新的語言協(xié)議，允許對信息進(jìn)行標(biāo)記，然后在不同平臺上的計算機(jī)之間輕松交換）。由此可推測，兩年前電子政府不可能是因為缺乏語言協(xié)議XML。C選項“語言協(xié)議XML”符合題意，C選項正確。A選項“硬件強(qiáng)化”，文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容，可排除。B選項“高效的塞維管理”，文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“研究經(jīng)費(fèi)”，文章所說，整合這些系統(tǒng)既困難又昂貴，XML降低了復(fù)雜性，并削減了成本，因此D選項可排除。因此正確答案為C選項。

2.單選題

Thechildrencheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（

）slowlyinto

thesky.

問題1選項

A.floating

B.raising

C.heaving

D.ascending

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。float“漂浮，浮動”；raise“提升，增加”；heave“舉起”；ascend“攀登，上升”。句意：看到數(shù)百只彩色的氣球緩緩升入天空，孩子們歡呼起來。選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

（）withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountainsdonotseemhighatall.

問題1選項

A.Whencompared

B.Comparethem

C.Ifyoucompare

D.Acomparison

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語從句的省略。在when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，當(dāng)主句與從句的主語一致時，可以省略相同的主語和be動詞。此題從句中的邏輯主語為thehighestmountains，thehighestmountains與compare之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞，因此A選項正確。

4.單選題

Shedidherwork（

）hermanagerhadinstructed.

問題1選項

A.until

B.when

C.as

D.though

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她照經(jīng)理說的做自己的工作。

連詞辨析。As按照，如同,引導(dǎo)方式狀語,符合句意。until直到,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;when當(dāng)…時候,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;though即使,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

5.單選題

ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyou（）,youwillsucceedintheend.

問題1選項

A.hangup

B.hangabout

C.hangon

D.hangonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。選項A：hangup“掛斷電話，擱置”;選項B：hangabout“徘徊，閑蕩”;選項C:hangon“堅持下去，不掛斷，握住不放”;選項C：hangonto“依附，繼續(xù)保留，緊緊抓住”。句意：學(xué)好英語并不容易，但如果你堅持下去，你最終會成功的。根據(jù)句意可知，選項C更符合題意，正確。

6.單選題

Itwasascenethatwouldstayforeverinhismind:thefatherholdinghissonabovethewater,himselfslowly（）inthelake,desperatelyawaitingrescue.

問題1選項

A.overstepped

B.overflowed

C.subjected

D.submerged

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項overstepped“逾越；超越”；B選項overflowed“溢出”；C選項subjected“使遭受；使從屬”；D選項submerged“淹沒；沉浸”。句意：這一幕將永遠(yuǎn)停留在他心中：父親托舉兒子露出水面，自己卻慢慢……于湖水中，絕望地等待救援。由關(guān)鍵信息abovethewater“在水面上”可以知道父親的身體正淹沒在水中。因此D選項符合題意。

7.單選題

ThemosteffectivewayIknowtoimproveyourwritingistodofreewritingexercisesregularly.Atleastthreetimesaweek.Theyaresometimescalled“automaticwriting”，“babbling”,or“jabbering”exercises.Theideaissimplytowritefortenminutes(lateron,perhapsfifteenortwenty).Don’tstopforanything.Goquicklywithoutrushing.Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething,towonderwhatwordorthoughttouse,ortothinkaboutwhatyouaredoing.Ifyoucan’tthinkofawordorspelling,justuseasquiggleorelsewrite,“Ican’tthinkofit.”Justputdownsomething.Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind.Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant;orrepeatthelastwordyouwroteoverandoveragain;oranythingelse.Theonlyrequirementisthatyouneverstop.

Whathappenstoafreewritingexerciseisimportant.Itmustbeapieceofwritingwhich,evenifsomeonereadsit,doesn’tsendanyripplesbacktoyou.Itislikewritingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.Theteacherlessclasshelpsyourwritingbyprovidingmaximumfeedback.Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall.WhenIassignone,Iinvitethewritertoletmereadit.Butalsotellhimtokeepitifheprefers.IreaditquicklyandmakenocommentsatallandIdonotspeakwithhimaboutit.Themainthingisthatafreewritingmustneverbeevaluatedinanyway;infacttheremustbenodiscussionorcommentatall.

Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense.Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting.Butthat’sitsdownfalltoo.Almosteverybodyinterposesamassiveandcomplicatedseriesofeditingsbetweenthetimethewordsstarttobebornintoconsciousnessandwhentheyfinallycomeoftheendofthepencilortypewriterontothepage.Thisispartlybecauseschoolingmakesusobsessedwiththe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingisencouragedaboutfreewriting?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thephrase“getstuck”isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

4.Theauthorbelievesthatcomparedwithspeaking,writing（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTageneralpracticeinfreewriting,accordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項

A.Topointouttheonlyeffectivewayofimprovingwriting.

B.Torevealthecrazyfeatureof“automaticwriting”.

C.Tourgereaderstotrytodofreewritingexercisesregularly.

D.Todescribetheprocessoffreewriting

問題2選項

A.Thinkingaboutspellingandgrammaraswetrytowrite.

B.Teachersaresupposedtoprovidefeedbackormakecommentsaboutapieceofwriting.

C.Crossoutthoseideasthatseemtobeambiguous.

D.Neverworryaboutthe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.

問題3選項

A.Unabletodoanymoreofsomethingthatyouareworkingonbecauseitistoodifficult

B.Fixedinaparticularpositionandimpossibletomove

C.Unabletoescapefromaboringsituation

D.Startdoingsomethingeagerlyandwithalotofenergy.

問題4選項

A.hastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting

B.functionsmoreasaconsciousprocessofcorrecting“mistake”

C.isjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind

D.makesmoresensethansimplyputtingdownwords

問題5選項

A.Writingdownwhateverisinyourmind.

B.Payingnoattentiontospelling,dictionorgrammarwhilewriting.

C.Writingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.

D.Ignoringallpossiblemistakeswhilewriting.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:作者意圖題。文章首先介紹了自由寫作，包括其注意事項以及方式和特征，在最后一段的開頭也強(qiáng)調(diào):Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense(自由寫作也許看起來非常瘋狂，但是這里面的道理很簡單)。最后對比了學(xué)校的寫作教育和自由寫作，因此B項“揭示自由寫作”比較符合文章的目的。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A:寫作時思考拼寫和語法。B:老師應(yīng)該對一篇文章做出反饋或評論。C:把那些看起來模棱兩可的想法去掉。D:永遠(yuǎn)不要擔(dān)心寫作時會“犯錯”。第一段指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下來去回顧已經(jīng)寫的內(nèi)容，去劃掉一部分，去思考單詞該怎么拼寫)，因此A項跟C項不是自由寫作所鼓勵的。由“Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall(自由寫作通過不提供任何的反饋來達(dá)到幫助的目的)”可知B項也不是自由寫作所鼓勵的，故選D。

第3題:詞義題?！癵etstuck”出現(xiàn)在第一段:Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant(如果你getstuck，你可以直接寫我不知道該寫什么”)。由此推斷出文章中的getstuck指的是在寫作過程中遇到困難，不知道該寫什么內(nèi)容以及不知道該怎么寫，故答案選項為A。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting(思考一下說話和寫作之間的區(qū)別。寫作的優(yōu)點是可以寫下很多)，A項是對此句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故選A。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind(最簡單的就是把出現(xiàn)在腦海中的東西都寫下來)，由此可知A是自由寫作的訓(xùn)練方法之一。第一段還指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下來去回顧已經(jīng)寫的內(nèi)容，去劃掉一些部分，去思考單詞該怎么拼寫)，最后一段指出:Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords(許多人在寫作的時候都會頻繁地去思考拼寫和語法的問題。我在寫東西的時候通常會去思考詞不達(dá)意、冗長、模糊不清等方面的問題)。由此可知B和D屬于自由寫作的訓(xùn)練方法，而C項誤解了文章中的比喻修辭手法，因此答案選C。

8.單選題

ClassicsisasubjectthatexistsinthatgapbetweenusandtheworldoftheGreeksandRomans.ThequestionsraisedbyClassicsarethequestionsraisedbyourdistancefrom‘their’worldandatthesametimebyourclosenesstoit,andbyitsfamiliaritytousinourmuseums,inourliterature,languages,culture,andwaysofthinking.TheaimofClassicsisnotonlytodiscoveroruncovertheancientworld(thoughthatispartofit,astherediscoveryofBassae).Itsaimisalsotodefineanddebateourrelationshiptothatworld.Thisbookwillexplorethatrelationship,anditshistory,startingfromaspectaclethatisfamiliar,but,atthesametime,canbecomepuzzlingandstrange:dismemberedfragmentsofanancientGreektempleputonshowintheBritishMuseum.InLatintheword'museum'onceindicated;atempleoftheMuses’；inwhatrespectsisthemodemmuseumtherightplacetopreservetreasuresfromaclassicaltemple?Doesitonlylookthepart?

TheissuesraisedbyBassaeprovideamodelforunderstandingClassicsinitswidestsense.Ofcourse,Classicsisaboutmorethanthephysicalremains,thearchitecture,sculptureandpainting,ofancientGreeceandRome.Itisalsoaboutthepoetry,philosophy,scienceandhistorywrittenintheancientworldandstillreadanddebatedaspartofourculture.Butheretoo,essentiallysimilarissuesareatstake,questionsabouthowwearetoreadliteraturewhichhasahistoryofmorethan2,000years,writteninasocietyverydistantanddifferentfromourown.

ToreadPlato’swritingsonphilosophicaltopics,forexample,involvesfacingthatdifference,andtryingtounderstandasociety,theancientGreece,inwhichwritingcamenotinprintedbooksbutonpapyrusrolls,eachonecopiedbythehandofaslave;andinwhich‘philosophy’wasstillthoughtofasanactivitythatwentonintheopenairlifeofthecity,andwaspartofasocialworldofdrinkinganddinner.Evenwhenphilosophybecameasubjectforstudyinlectureandclassroom,initsownright,itremainedaverydifferentbusinessfromourownacademictradition-forallthatPlato’sschoolwastheoriginal‘Academy’namedafterasuburbofAthens.

Ontheotherhand,remoteornot,toreadPlatoisalsotoleadphilosophythatbelongstous,notjusttothem.Platoisstillthemostcommonlyreadphilosopherintheworld;andaswereadhimnow,weinevitablyreadhimaspartof‘our’philosophicaltradition,inthelightofallthosephilosopherswhohavecomesince,whothemselveshadreadPlato.

Everysurvivalfromtheclassicalworldis,ofcourse,unique.Atthesametime,asthisbookwillshow,thereareproblems,stories,questions,significancesthatallthosesurvivalsholdincommon;thereisaplacein‘our’culturalstorythatthey(andonlythey)share.That,andreflectiononthat,amountstoClassics.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutClassics?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofPlato?

3.Theword“them”inparagraph4refersto（）.

4.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof（）.

5.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis（）

問題1選項

A.Classicscanonlybeunderstoodfromthetreasureinthemodemmuseums.

B.Classicsmayjustbesnapshotsoftheancientworld.

C.Classicsarenotonlyforoneagebutalsoforalltime.

D.OnlythoseappearinginancientGreececanbecalledClassics.

問題2選項

A.Platolivedinatimewhenpaperwasmadefromthepapyrusplant.

B.Platolivedinatimewhenphilosophyispartofpeople’sdailylife.

C.Plato’swritingswerefoundintheTempleofBassae.

D.Plato’swritingsarereadbyallpeoplebothinancienttimesandatpresent.

問題3選項

A.theancientpeople

B.Plato’sstudents

C.theGreekslaves

D.philosophers

問題4選項

A.conclusion

B.afterword

C.preface

D.bookreview

問題5選項

A.UsandThem:Classics

B.PhilosophyandPlato

C.MuseumandClassics

D.Classics

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ThequestionsraisedbyClassicsarethequestionsraisedbyourdistancefrom‘their’worldandatthesametimebyourclosenesstoit,andbyitsfamiliaritytousinourmuseums,inourliterature,languages,culture,andwaysofthinking.”，可知古典文學(xué)提出的問題來自于我們和遙遠(yuǎn)世界的距離，與此同時，也是近距離時代的問題，以及在我們熟悉的博物館、文學(xué)、語言、文化和思維方式中提出的問題。可推斷出古典文學(xué)適用于所有時代。選項C符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…theancientGreece,inwhichwritingcamenotinprintedbooksbutonpapyrusrolls…”，可知在古希臘，文字不是寫在紙上，而是印在紙草卷上。所以選項A符合文意，可排除。根據(jù)文章第三段，“inwhich‘philosophy’wasstillthoughtofasanactivitythatwentonintheopenairlifeofthecity,andwaspartofasocialworldofdrinkinganddinner.”，可知在柏拉圖時代，哲學(xué)是人們生活的一部分，選項B符合文意，可排除。根據(jù)文章第四段，“remoteornot,toreadPlatoisalsotoleadphilosophythatbelongstous,notjusttothem.”，不管時代的遙遠(yuǎn)與否，柏拉圖哲學(xué)不僅屬于他們，也屬于我們，選項D符合文意，可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“TheissuesraisedbyBassaeprovideamodelforunderstandingClassicsinitswidestsense.”，可知Bassae提出的問題為從最廣泛的意義上理解古典文學(xué)提供了一種模式。并未提到柏拉圖的作品是在巴塞神廟中被發(fā)現(xiàn)。選項C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Ontheotherhand,remoteornot,toreadPlatoisalsotoleadphilosophythatbelongstous,notjusttothem.”，可知另一方面，不管是現(xiàn)代還是遠(yuǎn)古，柏拉圖也是屬于我們的哲學(xué)，而不僅僅是屬于他們的哲學(xué)。又根據(jù)第一段中提到“ClassicsisasubjectthatexistsinthatgapbetweenusandtheworldoftheGreeksandRomans.”，可知古典文學(xué)是存在于我們和希臘羅馬世界之間的一門學(xué)科?？赏茢喑鲞@里的them指古人。選項A符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thisbookwillexplorethatrelationship,anditshistory,startingfromaspectaclethatisfamiliar…”，以及文章最后一段“asthisbookwillshow,thereareproblems,stories,questions,significances…”，可知本篇文章是對一本書的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了簡單的介紹和闡述，所以應(yīng)該是一本書的前言。選項C符合題意。

5.主旨題。縱觀全文，第一段主要提到古典文學(xué)存在于我們和古人的世界差距之間。第二段主要介紹了古典文學(xué)的主要內(nèi)容。第三段和第四段體現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代和古希臘時期對哲學(xué)的不同觀點。第五段提到古典文學(xué)不僅僅屬于“他們”，也屬于“我們”，適用于每個時代，有一些可以共享的文化故事。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

Thelossofhis______stemsfromgivingpromiseseasilyandneverfulfillingthem.

問題1選項

A.credibility

B.cradle

C.corruption

D.convention

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項credibility“可信性；確實性”；B選項cradle“搖籃；發(fā)源地；發(fā)祥地；支船架”；C選項corruption“貪污，腐??；墮落”；D選項convention“大會”。句意：他之所以失去……，是因為他輕易地做出承諾，卻從不兌現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文givingpromiseseasilyandneverfulfillingthem.（輕易地做出承諾，卻從不兌現(xiàn)）可以推測他不是一位守信的人，結(jié)合句意A選項正確。

10.翻譯題

環(huán)境與我們的生存息息相關(guān)。越來越嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染影響了我們的生活，我們理當(dāng)應(yīng)該更加重視環(huán)境保護(hù)問題。

近年來，由于車輛和工廠不斷增加，空氣和生活品質(zhì)也不斷惡化。此外，許多人缺乏公德心，亂丟垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，農(nóng)民大量使用化學(xué)藥物使食物中毒事件一再發(fā)生。長此下去，我們將呼吸不到新鮮的空氣，喝不到純凈的水，吃不到營養(yǎng)的食物了。

正因為問題很嚴(yán)重，環(huán)境污染受到了各個國家政府的關(guān)注。就拿中國政府為例，2001年，全國環(huán)境污染治理投資為1106.6億元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也會公開談?wù)撜畬τ诃h(huán)境污染的新舉措?？偟膩碚f，環(huán)境污染加劇的情況得到了一些控制。

畢竟，我們只有一個地球可以居住，保護(hù)環(huán)境非常重要。我們主張嚴(yán)格控制環(huán)境以保護(hù)環(huán)境。同時，不僅僅是政府，每一個人，不管你住在哪里，都應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境。以免其惡化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingnumberofcarsandfactories,thequalityofairandlivingisworsening.Inaddition,lackingofsocialmorality,somepeoplelitterrubbishatwill,whichcontaminateslakesandrivers.What’sworse,farmer’soverusingchemicaldrugsleadtorepeatedincidentsoffoodpoisoning.Ifthesituationgoesonlikethis,wewon’thavefreshairtobreathe,purewatertodrink,ornourishingfoodtoeat.

Differentgovernmentsattachgreatimportanceonenvironmentalpollutionduetotheseverityofthesituation.TakeChinesegovernmentasanexample,in2011,theinvestmentforenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentcometo110.66billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3percentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.Andpeopletalkedopenlyaboutthegovernment’snewmeasuresagainstenvironmentalpollution.Inshort,thetendencytoworseningenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencontrolled.

Afterall,thereisonlyoneearth.Itisveryimportanttoprotectenvironment.Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotectenvironment.Meanwhile,everyone,besidesthegovernment,nomatterwhereyouare,shouldtryone’sbesttopreventtheenvironmentfromdeteriorating.

11.單選題

Tandjaalsodissolvedtheparliamentandawardedhimselfsomepowerstorulebydecree（）thecountry'sconstitution.

問題1選項

A.contrastwith

B.contraryto

C.contradictoryin

D.contemptof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。contraryto“與……相反”。句意：Tandja還解散了議會，并通過一些違反國家憲法的統(tǒng)治來授予自己一些統(tǒng)治權(quán)力。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

Thisisaverybighotelanditcan（）morethan1,000people.

問題1選項

A.furnish

B.accommodate

C.transport

D.institute

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。furnish“提供，供應(yīng)”；accommodate“容納，使適應(yīng)”；transport“運(yùn)輸”；institute“實行，建立”。句意：這是一個很大的酒店，能夠容納1000多人。只有B項符合句意。

13.單選題

Shewasso（

）inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintheroom.

問題1選項

A.immersed

B.obsessed

C.submerged

D.suffocated

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項通常用于beimmersedin（沉浸于，埋頭于，陷入）；B選項通常用于beobsessedwith（癡迷于，著迷于）；C選項submerge“浸沒，淹沒”；D選項suffocate“（使）窒息而死，（把……）悶死”。句中的so...that表示“如此……以至于”，根據(jù)固定搭配和后面的shedidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintheroom（我走進(jìn)房間時她沒注意到我）可知她沉浸于工作中，以至于沒注意到我進(jìn)來，因此選A。句意：她如此沉浸于工作中，以至于我進(jìn)屋時她都沒有注意到我。

14.單選題

Women’scriticalroleinmanagingnaturalresourcesandprotectingtheenvironmenthasbeenoverlookedmoreoftenthanithasbeen（

）.

問題1選項

A.acknowledged

B.emphasized

C.memorized

D.associated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。acknowledge“承認(rèn)”；emphasize“強(qiáng)調(diào)，重視”；memorize“記住，背熟”；associate“聯(lián)想，使發(fā)生聯(lián)系”。句意：婦女在管理自然資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境方面的關(guān)鍵作用經(jīng)常更多地被忽視，而不是被承認(rèn)。由overlookedmoreoftenthan可知空格處填“被承認(rèn)”更符合邏輯。答案A

15.單選題

Educationisoneofthekeywordsofourtime.Aman,withoutaneducation,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadversecircumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-centuryopportunities.Convincedoftheimportanceofeducation,modernstates“invest”ininstitutionsoflearningtogetback“interest”intheformofalargegroupofenlightenedyoungmenandwomenwhoarepotentialleaders.Education,withitscyclesofinstructionsocarefullyworkedout,ispunctuatedbytextbooks—thosepurchasablewellsofwisdom—whatwouldcivilizationbelikewithoutitsbenefits?

Somuchiscertain:thatwewouldhavedoctorsandpreachers,lawyersanddefendants,marriagesandbirths;butourspiritualoutlookwouldbedifferent.Wewouldlaylessstresson“factsandfigures”andmoreonagoodmemory,onappliedpsychology,andonthecapacityofamantogetalongwithhisfellow-citizens.Ifoureducationalsystemwerefashionedafteritsbooklesspastwewouldhavethemostdemocraticformof“college”imaginable.Amongthepeoplewhomweliketocallsavagesallknowledgeinheritedbytraditionissharedbyall;itistaughttoeverymemberofthetribesothatinthisrespecteverybodyisequallyequippedforlife.

Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.Inprimitiveculturestheobligationtoseekandtoreceivethetraditionalinstructionisbindingtoall.Thereareno“illiterates”一ifthetermcanbeappliedtopeoplewithoutascript—whileourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.Thisshowshowlongitwasbeforewedeemeditnecessarytomakesurethatallourchildrencouldshareintheknowledgeaccumulatedbythe“happyfew”duringthepastcenturies.

Educationinthewildernessisnotamatterofmonetarymeans.Allareentitledtoanequalstart.Thereisnoneofthehurrywhich,inoursociety,oftenhampersthefulldevelopmentofagrowingpersonality.There,achildgrowsupundertheever-presentattentionofhisparents,thereforethejunglesandthegrasslandsknowofno“juveniledelinquency”.Nonecessityofmakingalivingawayfromhomeresultsinneglectofchildrenandnofatherisconfrontedwithhisinabilityto“buy”aneducationforhischild.

1.Theword“interest”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobe（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis（

）.

問題1選項

A.pleasure

B.returns

C.share

D.knowledge

問題2選項

A.againsttheeducationintheveryearlyhistorictimes

B.infavoroftheeducationalpracticeinprimitivecultures

C.quitehappytoseeanequalstartforeveryone

D.positiveaboutourpresenteducationalinstruction

問題3選項

A.theaimof“equalstart”hasalreadybeenreachedamongsavages

B.savagesinancienttimesaremorecivilizedthanmodernpeople

C.themoderneducationsystemismoredemocraticthanbefore

D.therearenoilliteratesincivilizednationsintoday’ssociety

問題4選項

A.Educationcan’tworkwithoutthebenefitsoftextbooks.

B.Wehavenotyetdecidedonoureducationalmodels.

C.Compulsoryschoolingisnotexistentinallnations.

D.Ourspiritualoutlookisbetternowthanbefore.

問題5選項

A.EducationandModernCivilization

B.TheSignificanceofModernEducation

C.EducationalInvestmentandtheProfitItBrings

D.Education:AComparisonbetweenPastandPresent

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)原文句意：由于深信教育的重要性，現(xiàn)代國家“投資”于學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)構(gòu)，培養(yǎng)一大批開明的，有可能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的青年男女，以此來獲得“回報”?！癷nvest”和“interest”相對應(yīng)，所以選項B正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.”這是“平等起步”的理想狀態(tài)，只有我們最先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代教育形式才試圖恢復(fù)這種理想狀態(tài)。由此可以推斷，作者似乎贊同原始文化中的平等教育傳統(tǒng)，所以選項B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句，在我們喜歡稱之為野蠻人的人群中，所有由傳統(tǒng)繼承的知識都為所有人所共享;它被教導(dǎo)給部落的每一個成員，因此在這方面，每個人都是平等地為生活做好準(zhǔn)備。由此可知，野蠻人已經(jīng)達(dá)到了“平等起步”的目標(biāo)，所以選項A正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段“...ourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.”德國于1642年將義務(wù)教育列入法律條文，法國在1806年，英國是在1876年，但是在一些“文明”國家仍然不存在。由此可知，并非所有的國家都有義務(wù)教育，選項C符合原文。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要將過去的教育和現(xiàn)代的教育進(jìn)行對比，指出現(xiàn)代教育的不足之處，選項D最能概括全文，所以正確。

16.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。gloomy“慘淡”miserable“悲慘的，痛苦的”；shadowy“模糊的”；obscure“晦澀的，不清楚的”。inspiteof表示轉(zhuǎn)折，句子意思為：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景不景氣，但是制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)量略有上漲。選項A符題意。

17.單選題

In（

）timeshumanbeingsdidnottravelforpleasurebuttofindamorefavourableclimate.

問題1選項

A.prime

B.primitive

C.primary

D.preliminary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prime意為“主要的，上乘的”；primitive意為“原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的”；primary意為“首要的，主要的”；preliminary意為“初步的，初級的”。

句意：在遠(yuǎn)古時代，人類旅行不是為了娛樂，而是為了找到更有利的氣候。

18.單選題

Hecouldeasilyhavewonascholarshipifhewouldhavedevotedmoretimetohisschoolwork.

A

B

C

D

問題1選項

A.could

B.havewon

C.wouldhavedevoted

D.hisschoolwork

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，對過去情況假設(shè)，主句：主語＋would/should/might/couldhave＋動詞過去分詞，從句：had＋動詞過去分詞。

試題答案：C;haddevoted

19.填空題

A:Areyougoingtotellyourbosstodaythatyou'requittingyour（1）?

B:Ican’tmakeupmymind（2）totellhimtodayornot.

A:I’dtellhimtodayifI（3）you.Whydelay?

B:ButwhatifI（4）mymind?

A:I（5）thatyou’dmadeafirmdecision.

B:Well,yesterdayIhadaconversationwithsomeonewho（6）

toworkforthecompanythatwantstohireme.（7）

tohim,there’sa

lotofdissatisfactionamongtheemployees.

A:Didhesaywhatthe（8）ofthedissatisfactionwas?

B:Hementionedanumberofthings.I’llstaywithmycurrentfirmifthealternativeisacompanywithmajormanagementproblems.They’reofferingmeahigher，butistheadditionalpayenoughtomakeupforabunchofnew（9）headaches?

A:Itsoundstomeasifyou'd（10）talktosome（11）currentorpastemployeesbeforeyouacceptthenewfirm’s

offer.

大意:

A.你會今天告訴老板，你要離職的事嗎？

B.我不確定是否今天告訴他。

A.如果我是你，我會今天告訴他。為什么推遲呢？

B.但是，要是我改變主意了呢？

A.我覺得你己經(jīng)決定了。

B.昨天，我和一個之前在想雇我的那個公司中工作過的人談話。據(jù)他所說，員工間有很多不滿。

A.他有說不滿的原因是什么嗎？

B.他說了很多事。如果這個公司主要是管理問題的話，我會呆在現(xiàn)在的公司。他們會給我提供更高的薪水，但是，這額外的工資足以彌補(bǔ)一連串新的麻煩嗎？

A.這聽起來，在接受新工作之前，好像，你最好和現(xiàn)在或者之前的雇員多談?wù)劇?/p>

【答案】1.job

2.whether

3.were

4.change

5.thought

6.used

7.According

8.cause

9.salary

10.better

11.more

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)上下文推測此處填job。Quitone’sjob辭職。

2.固定搭配。Whetherornot