高考英語語法-狀語從句課件

高考英語語法

狀語從句1高考英語語法12狀語從句分類結果狀語從句地點狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句時間狀語從句原因狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句方式狀語從句2狀語從句結果狀語從句地點狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句時3時間狀語從句when/while/aswhen意為“當……時候”，從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生或是先于主句動作。既可指一段時間也可指時間點，可接延續(xù)性動詞或者短暫性動詞。while表示一個時間段，只能與延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以表示對比。as“一邊……一邊……”，強調(diào)兩個動作同時發(fā)生，也可以表示“隨著”。While(as)hewasstudying,hisbrotherwassleeping.When(as)hearrives,Iwillinformhimofit.Thegirlssanghappilyastheywalkedaroundthelake.Astimegoeson,heisgettingfatterandfatter.3時間狀語從句when/while/aswhen意為“當……4before和afterbefore意為“在……之前”，表示從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后。after意為“在……之后”，表示從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前。Hehaddonegoodpreparationsbeforehewenttocollege.Afterhehadtriedmanytimesandfailedintheend,hegaveup.4before和afterbefore意為“在……之前”，表5until和till表示“直到……、到……為止”，表示一個動作持續(xù)到某一時刻為止。二者用法相近，但在句首時只能用until。在肯定句中主句要用延續(xù)性動詞，表示“直到……”；在否定句中，可和非延續(xù)性動詞連用，not...until...表示“直到……才”。Hewaitedathomeuntil/tillitstoppedraining.Untilallthelightsinthestreethadbeenoff,theboywenthome.HeappeareduntilIwaitedforalongtime.（錯）Hedidn'tappearuntil/beforeIwaitedforalongtime.（正）5until和till表示“直到……、到……為止”，表示一個6not……until可用于強調(diào)句或者倒裝結構中。Theboydidn'trealizehisfaultuntilhewaspunished.=Itwasnotuntilhewaspunishedthattheboyrealizedhisfault.=Notuntilhewaspunisheddidtheboyrealizehisfault.6not……until可用于強調(diào)句或者倒裝結構中。Theb7sincesince表示“自從……”，后接時間點，所引導的從句一般要用非延續(xù)性動詞，主句多用延續(xù)性動詞和完成時態(tài)。Hehasworkedatthiscollegesincehegraduated.since引導的從句若用延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)動詞的過去時，則表示該動作或狀態(tài)的完成或結束。Ithasbeenfiveyearssinceheworkedhere.他不在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Sincehewasatschool,hehasworkedinthatcity.自從他下學，他就在這個城市工作。7sincesince表示“自從……”，后接時間點，所引導的8hardly/scarcely……when和nosooner……than表示“一……就……”，強調(diào)主句和從句的動作相繼發(fā)生。有兩個特點：1、主句用過去完成時（haddone的形式），從句用一般過去時；2、否定副詞hardly、scarcely和nosooner位于句首，主句用部分倒裝結構，助動詞had提到主語前面。Hardlyhadtheyfalleninlovewitheachotherwhentheygotmarried.=Theyhadhardlyfalleninlovewitheachotherwhentheygotmarried.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitrainedheavily.8hardly/scarcely……when表示“一……就…9assoonas、directly/instantly/immediately和themoment/minute/second/instant表示“一……就……”，表示從句動作一發(fā)生，主句動作立刻發(fā)生。Hewenttotheofficeimmediatelyhereceivedthenotice.AssoonasIarrive,Iwillmakeatelephonecalltoyou.Themoment(minute/second/instant)hesawher,hefellinlovewithherdeeply.9assoonas、directly/instantly10表示時間的名詞Thedayhelefthometojointhearmy,hismothercriedsadly.EverytimeImeether,shewillsmiletome.Hegotmarriedthesummerhegraduatedfromcollege.Thefamilywereexcitedthemorningthebabywasborn.everytime,anytime,nexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,theday/month/week/year/morning/afternoon等也可作為連詞引導時間狀語從句。10表示時間的名詞Thedayhelefthome11地點狀語從句地點狀語從句由where引導，表示“在……地方”。Afterthewar,anewhospitalwasbuiltwheretheoldonewas.Putthebookbackwhereitis.Helivesinthetownwherehewasborn.Heliveswherehewasborn.Helivesinwhichhewasborn.Helivesinthetowninwhichhewasborn.11地點狀語從句地點狀語從句由where引導，表示“在……地12原因狀語從句because,since,as和forbecause語氣最強，用來回答why引導的疑問句，強調(diào)句中只能用because?！猈hydoyoudisagreetotheproposal?—Becauseitisunpractical.Itwasbecausehereceivedhigheducationthathehadmoreopportunitiesthanothers.12原因狀語從句because,since,as和forbe13Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.since語氣比because弱，表示一種附帶的原因或是對方已知的事實，表示一種顯然的理由，意為“既然”。Sinceyouhavenotimetospare,Iwillturntoothersforhelp.as語氣較弱，是對主句的附帶說明，表示不言自明的原因或是已知的事實。AsIgetlost,Idon‘tknowhowtogoback.for語氣最弱，并不是主句行為的直接原因，只起到一種補充說明的作用。只能放在主句后面，且用逗號同主句隔開。13Itmusthaverainedlastnig14nowthat和inthat意為“既然、由于”，nowthat位于句首或句中，inthat位于句中。Nowthatyouhavedonegoodpreparations,youneedn'tfeelworried.Allofuslikehiminthatheisveryhumorous.14nowthat和inthat意為“既然、由于”，no15seeing(that)和considering(that)seeingthat和consideringthat中的that都可省略，表示“既然、由于”。Seeing(that)headmittedthefault,theteacherforgavehim.Considering(that)timeislimited,sheshortensherspeech.15seeing(that)和considering(tha16條件狀語從句if表示正面條件意為“如果”，unless表示反面條件意為“除非、如果不”相當于ifnot，一般情況下可以互換。Ifitissunnytomorrow,we'llgohiking.Youwillbelateunlessyouhurry.=Ifyoudon'thurry,youwillbelate.if和unless16條件狀語從句if表示正面條件意為“如果”，unless表17aslongasaslongas引導條件狀語從句，表示“只要”。Iwillgothereaslongasheinvitesme.“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結構相當于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復合句。Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.17aslongasaslongas引導條件狀語從句18provided/providing(that)、suppose/supposing(that)assuming(that)和given(that)Supposing/supposeitrains,whatshouldwedo?Providing/provided(that)youcankeepthesecrettoyourself,Icantellyouaboutit.Assuming(that)anearthquaketookplace,whatwouldhappentothevillage?18provided/providing(that)、Sup19onconditionthat和incaseonconditionthat意為“條件是”；incase意為“倘若、萬一”。IncaseIcan'tarriveontime,youcangofirstwithoutme.IwillopenaschoolforthechildreninruralplacesonconditionthatIhaveenoughmoney.19onconditionthat和incaseon20onlyif和ifonlyonlyif表示“只要”，only起到強調(diào)的作用，引導的從句用陳述語氣；ifonly引導的從句要用虛擬語氣，意為“但愿……、如果……就好了”。Onlyifyourespectothers,you'llberespected.IfonlyIwereamillionaire.IfonlyIhadfollowedhisadvice.20onlyif和ifonlyonlyif表示“只要”21onceonce也表示“一旦”，也可表示條件。Onceyouspeakout,youcan'tswallowyourwords.21onceonce也表示“一旦”，也可表示條件。Once22讓步狀語從句although、though、eventhough和evenif表示“雖然、即使、盡管”，eventhough和evenif語氣較強而although和though相對較弱，although較正式而though較通俗。Althoughourparentsoftencriticizeandevenbeatus,westilllovethem.Eventhough(if)heisrich,yetheisn'thappy.though/although引導讓步狀語從句時，主句中不可出現(xiàn)but，但可以用yet，still等。Thoughitrainedhardoutside,(yet/still)heinsistedongoingout.=Itrainedhardoutside,butheinsistedongoingout.

22讓步狀語從句although、though、event23though和although?？苫Q，但有些情況下只能用though不能用although。though可和even連用表示強調(diào)而although不可以。Eventhoughtheprocessisfullofdifficulties,theresultissatisfactory.though可同as連用構成asthough，相當于asif表示“好像”。Itlooksasthoughit'sgoingtorain.though可用于倒裝式的讓步狀語從句中，相當于as，而although則不可以。Toughthoughthesituationis,Iwillfaceuptoit.though可以表示轉折，意為“然而、卻”，不可用although。HespeaksEnglishquicklythoughcorrectly.Itisafact,though.23though和although?？苫Q，但有些情況下只能24while和whereaswhile和whereas也可以引導讓步狀語從句，以通過對比突出主句和從句的差異。Hehasbeenpromotedasprofessor,while(whereas)heisonlythirty.Manypeopledon'tliketolivehere,while(whereas)theenvironmentisgood.24while和whereaswhile和whereas也可25whether……or(not)whether……or引導讓步狀語從句，表示“不管、無論”。Whetheryoulikeitornot,you'llhavetodoit.Whetheryougowithmeorstayathome,Iwillgo.Whetherornotitrains,themeetingwillbeheldontime.25whether……or(not)whether……or引26wh+ever/nomatter+whwh+ever既可以引導名詞性從句也可以引導讓步狀語從句；nomatter+wh只能引導讓步狀語從句。Whateveryousay,Iwon'tbelieveyou.(=nomatterwhat)Whenevershegetsangry,hewillcheerherup.(=nomatterwhen)Whoevercomestotheparty,theywillreceiveagift.Howevercarefulweare,wewillerr.(nomatterhow)26wh+ever/nomatter+whwh+ever既27forall(that)forall(that)相當于inspiteof/despitethefactthat，表示“不管、雖然”后接that從句，that可省略。Forall(that)heisacommonman,hedoesuncommonthings.Inspiteof/despitethefactthatheisacommonman,hedoesuncommonthings.Inspiteoftheheavyrain,theystillwentout.=Inspiteofthefactthatitrainedheavily,theystillwentout.27forall(that)forall(that)相當28though/as引導的讓步狀語從句中的倒裝名詞+though/as+主語+be動詞Managerthough/asheis,heisverymodest.形容詞+though/as+主語+謂語Strongthough/asyouare,youcan'tliftit.副詞+though/as+主語+謂語Hardas/thoughheworks,hewasunabletomakegreatprogress.原形動詞+though/as+主語+助動詞或情態(tài)動詞Failmanytimesas/thoughhedid,heneverlostheart.Searchthough/astheymight,theycan'tfindanybodyinthehouse.過去分詞+though/as+主語+be動詞Praisedashewas,heremainedmodest.28though/as引導的讓步狀語從句中的倒裝名詞+tho29結果狀語從句so……that和such……that29結果狀語從句so……that和such……that30sucha/anadj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)adj可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)adj不可數(shù)名詞that從句Kathyissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeher.Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswerthem.Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkontime.30sucha/anadj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)adj可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)ad31so形容詞/副詞adj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)many/few可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)that從句Kathyissolovelythatweallliketobewithher.Kathyissolovelyagirlthatweallliketobewithher.Hemadesomanymistakesthathefailedtheexamonceagain.There'ssolittletimeleftthatwehavetospeedup.a/anmuch/little不可數(shù)名詞31so形容詞/副詞adj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)many/few可數(shù)名32sothat和suchthatsothat引導的結果狀語常用逗號同主句隔開；suchthat也可引導結果狀語從句，such常作表語。Hegotuplate,sothathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.TheweatherwassuchthatIwouldn'tgoout.32sothat和suchthatsothat引導的結33目的狀語從句sothat和inorderthat目的狀語從句表示“為了、以便”，常同表示“能夠”的情態(tài)動詞連用。如：can、could、may和might。Speakloudlysothatyoucanbeheardclearly.Inorderthatotherswillnoticeher,shewearabrightcoat.Theteacherexplainedtheansweragainandagaininorderthatwecouldunderstanditfully.33目的狀語從句sothat和inorderthat目34sothat和inorderthat引導的目的狀語從句可以轉換成inorderto或soasto不定式結構。但句子的主語必須同時是后面動詞不定式的邏輯主語。否則就必須用sothat和inorderthat表達，但也可用介詞for引出邏輯主語。Hedoesmorningexercisessothathecanbuilduphisbody.Hedoesmorningexercisesinorderto/soastobuilduphisbody.Thecouplespokeinalowvoicesothattheirdaughtercouldstudyquietly.Thecouplespokeinalowvoiceinorderfortheirdaughtertostudyquietly.34sothat和inorderthat引導的目的狀語35lest、incase和forfearthat表示“以防、以免”引導目的狀語從句。lest從句要用虛擬語氣，incase和forfearthat引導的目的狀語從句一般用虛擬語氣間或用陳述語氣。Takeanumbrella,lestitshouldrain.Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains.Shegotupearlyforfearthathewouldbelateforwork.35lest、incase和forfearthat表示36結果狀語從句目的狀語從句VS①目的狀語從句中的動詞前要用can、could、may、might、shall、should、will和would等情態(tài)動詞，表示主觀愿望；而結果狀語從句則不用，表示的是客觀事實。②引導結果狀語從句的sothat前常有逗號，而引導目的狀語從句的sothat前一般不用逗號。③結果狀語從句都放在主句后，而目的狀語從句可放在主句前或后。Sothatwecouldfinishthetaskontime,weworkeddayandnight.(目的狀語從句)Hewasreadytohelpothers,sothathewasrespectedbyeveryone.(結果狀語從句)Hearrivedattherailwaystationearly,sothathecaughtthetrain.(結果狀語從句)Hearrivedattherailwaystationearlysothathecouldcatchthetrain.(目的狀語從句)36結果狀語從句目的狀語從句VS①目的狀語從句中的動詞前要用37比較狀語從句引導比較狀語從句的連詞有than和as……as。Heistallerthanhisbrother(is).HeknewTombetterthanyou(knewhim).JimstudiedharderthanJohnson(did).Hespokeasrudelyashequarreled.Ican'tplaybasketballas/sowellashe.37比較狀語從句引導比較狀語從句的連詞有than和as……a38方式狀語從句as和justas表示“尤如……、好像……”，justas比as強調(diào)性更強，as前也可用exactly加以強調(diào)。Thestudentsdidtheexperimentastheteacherinstructedthem.Exactlyastheheadbelongstoaperson,TaiwanispartofChina.38方式狀語從句as和justas表示“尤如……、好像……39asif和asthoughasif和asthough引導方式狀語從句時，從句可用陳述語氣表示符合或有可能符合事實的情況；也可用虛擬語氣表示不符合事實或與事實相反的情況。另外，asif和asthough從句可用省略形式，后面通常接不定式、分詞、形容詞或介詞短語。Itlooksasif(asthough)itisgoingtorain.ThekindladytreatsmeasifIwereherson.Helookedaroundasif(hewas)tolookforsomething.Shestoodanxiouslyasif(shewas)waitingforsomebody.Hedidn'tspeaktoanybodytodayasif(hewas)sad.Thelittleboycriedsadlyasif(hewas)bulliedbyothers.Themanlookedasif(hewas)insearchforhisbook.39asif和asthoughasif和asthou高考英語語法

狀語從句40高考英語語法141狀語從句分類結果狀語從句地點狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句時間狀語從句原因狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句方式狀語從句2狀語從句結果狀語從句地點狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句時42時間狀語從句when/while/aswhen意為“當……時候”，從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生或是先于主句動作。既可指一段時間也可指時間點，可接延續(xù)性動詞或者短暫性動詞。while表示一個時間段，只能與延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以表示對比。as“一邊……一邊……”，強調(diào)兩個動作同時發(fā)生，也可以表示“隨著”。While(as)hewasstudying,hisbrotherwassleeping.When(as)hearrives,Iwillinformhimofit.Thegirlssanghappilyastheywalkedaroundthelake.Astimegoeson,heisgettingfatterandfatter.3時間狀語從句when/while/aswhen意為“當……43before和afterbefore意為“在……之前”，表示從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后。after意為“在……之后”，表示從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前。Hehaddonegoodpreparationsbeforehewenttocollege.Afterhehadtriedmanytimesandfailedintheend,hegaveup.4before和afterbefore意為“在……之前”，表44until和till表示“直到……、到……為止”，表示一個動作持續(xù)到某一時刻為止。二者用法相近，但在句首時只能用until。在肯定句中主句要用延續(xù)性動詞，表示“直到……”；在否定句中，可和非延續(xù)性動詞連用，not...until...表示“直到……才”。Hewaitedathomeuntil/tillitstoppedraining.Untilallthelightsinthestreethadbeenoff,theboywenthome.HeappeareduntilIwaitedforalongtime.（錯）Hedidn'tappearuntil/beforeIwaitedforalongtime.（正）5until和till表示“直到……、到……為止”，表示一個45not……until可用于強調(diào)句或者倒裝結構中。Theboydidn'trealizehisfaultuntilhewaspunished.=Itwasnotuntilhewaspunishedthattheboyrealizedhisfault.=Notuntilhewaspunisheddidtheboyrealizehisfault.6not……until可用于強調(diào)句或者倒裝結構中。Theb46sincesince表示“自從……”，后接時間點，所引導的從句一般要用非延續(xù)性動詞，主句多用延續(xù)性動詞和完成時態(tài)。Hehasworkedatthiscollegesincehegraduated.since引導的從句若用延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)動詞的過去時，則表示該動作或狀態(tài)的完成或結束。Ithasbeenfiveyearssinceheworkedhere.他不在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Sincehewasatschool,hehasworkedinthatcity.自從他下學，他就在這個城市工作。7sincesince表示“自從……”，后接時間點，所引導的47hardly/scarcely……when和nosooner……than表示“一……就……”，強調(diào)主句和從句的動作相繼發(fā)生。有兩個特點：1、主句用過去完成時（haddone的形式），從句用一般過去時；2、否定副詞hardly、scarcely和nosooner位于句首，主句用部分倒裝結構，助動詞had提到主語前面。Hardlyhadtheyfalleninlovewitheachotherwhentheygotmarried.=Theyhadhardlyfalleninlovewitheachotherwhentheygotmarried.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitrainedheavily.8hardly/scarcely……when表示“一……就…48assoonas、directly/instantly/immediately和themoment/minute/second/instant表示“一……就……”，表示從句動作一發(fā)生，主句動作立刻發(fā)生。Hewenttotheofficeimmediatelyhereceivedthenotice.AssoonasIarrive,Iwillmakeatelephonecalltoyou.Themoment(minute/second/instant)hesawher,hefellinlovewithherdeeply.9assoonas、directly/instantly49表示時間的名詞Thedayhelefthometojointhearmy,hismothercriedsadly.EverytimeImeether,shewillsmiletome.Hegotmarriedthesummerhegraduatedfromcollege.Thefamilywereexcitedthemorningthebabywasborn.everytime,anytime,nexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,theday/month/week/year/morning/afternoon等也可作為連詞引導時間狀語從句。10表示時間的名詞Thedayhelefthome50地點狀語從句地點狀語從句由where引導，表示“在……地方”。Afterthewar,anewhospitalwasbuiltwheretheoldonewas.Putthebookbackwhereitis.Helivesinthetownwherehewasborn.Heliveswherehewasborn.Helivesinwhichhewasborn.Helivesinthetowninwhichhewasborn.11地點狀語從句地點狀語從句由where引導，表示“在……地51原因狀語從句because,since,as和forbecause語氣最強，用來回答why引導的疑問句，強調(diào)句中只能用because。—Whydoyoudisagreetotheproposal?—Becauseitisunpractical.Itwasbecausehereceivedhigheducationthathehadmoreopportunitiesthanothers.12原因狀語從句because,since,as和forbe52Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.since語氣比because弱，表示一種附帶的原因或是對方已知的事實，表示一種顯然的理由，意為“既然”。Sinceyouhavenotimetospare,Iwillturntoothersforhelp.as語氣較弱，是對主句的附帶說明，表示不言自明的原因或是已知的事實。AsIgetlost,Idon‘tknowhowtogoback.for語氣最弱，并不是主句行為的直接原因，只起到一種補充說明的作用。只能放在主句后面，且用逗號同主句隔開。13Itmusthaverainedlastnig53nowthat和inthat意為“既然、由于”，nowthat位于句首或句中，inthat位于句中。Nowthatyouhavedonegoodpreparations,youneedn'tfeelworried.Allofuslikehiminthatheisveryhumorous.14nowthat和inthat意為“既然、由于”，no54seeing(that)和considering(that)seeingthat和consideringthat中的that都可省略，表示“既然、由于”。Seeing(that)headmittedthefault,theteacherforgavehim.Considering(that)timeislimited,sheshortensherspeech.15seeing(that)和considering(tha55條件狀語從句if表示正面條件意為“如果”，unless表示反面條件意為“除非、如果不”相當于ifnot，一般情況下可以互換。Ifitissunnytomorrow,we'llgohiking.Youwillbelateunlessyouhurry.=Ifyoudon'thurry,youwillbelate.if和unless16條件狀語從句if表示正面條件意為“如果”，unless表56aslongasaslongas引導條件狀語從句，表示“只要”。Iwillgothereaslongasheinvitesme.“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結構相當于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復合句。Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.17aslongasaslongas引導條件狀語從句57provided/providing(that)、suppose/supposing(that)assuming(that)和given(that)Supposing/supposeitrains,whatshouldwedo?Providing/provided(that)youcankeepthesecrettoyourself,Icantellyouaboutit.Assuming(that)anearthquaketookplace,whatwouldhappentothevillage?18provided/providing(that)、Sup58onconditionthat和incaseonconditionthat意為“條件是”；incase意為“倘若、萬一”。IncaseIcan'tarriveontime,youcangofirstwithoutme.IwillopenaschoolforthechildreninruralplacesonconditionthatIhaveenoughmoney.19onconditionthat和incaseon59onlyif和ifonlyonlyif表示“只要”，only起到強調(diào)的作用，引導的從句用陳述語氣；ifonly引導的從句要用虛擬語氣，意為“但愿……、如果……就好了”。Onlyifyourespectothers,you'llberespected.IfonlyIwereamillionaire.IfonlyIhadfollowedhisadvice.20onlyif和ifonlyonlyif表示“只要”60onceonce也表示“一旦”，也可表示條件。Onceyouspeakout,youcan'tswallowyourwords.21onceonce也表示“一旦”，也可表示條件。Once61讓步狀語從句although、though、eventhough和evenif表示“雖然、即使、盡管”，eventhough和evenif語氣較強而although和though相對較弱，although較正式而though較通俗。Althoughourparentsoftencriticizeandevenbeatus,westilllovethem.Eventhough(if)heisrich,yetheisn'thappy.though/although引導讓步狀語從句時，主句中不可出現(xiàn)but，但可以用yet，still等。Thoughitrainedhardoutside,(yet/still)heinsistedongoingout.=Itrainedhardoutside,butheinsistedongoingout.

22讓步狀語從句although、though、event62though和although?？苫Q，但有些情況下只能用though不能用although。though可和even連用表示強調(diào)而although不可以。Eventhoughtheprocessisfullofdifficulties,theresultissatisfactory.though可同as連用構成asthough，相當于asif表示“好像”。Itlooksasthoughit'sgoingtorain.though可用于倒裝式的讓步狀語從句中，相當于as，而although則不可以。Toughthoughthesituationis,Iwillfaceuptoit.though可以表示轉折，意為“然而、卻”，不可用although。HespeaksEnglishquicklythoughcorrectly.Itisafact,though.23though和although?？苫Q，但有些情況下只能63while和whereaswhile和whereas也可以引導讓步狀語從句，以通過對比突出主句和從句的差異。Hehasbeenpromotedasprofessor,while(whereas)heisonlythirty.Manypeopledon'tliketolivehere,while(whereas)theenvironmentisgood.24while和whereaswhile和whereas也可64whether……or(not)whether……or引導讓步狀語從句，表示“不管、無論”。Whetheryoulikeitornot,you'llhavetodoit.Whetheryougowithmeorstayathome,Iwillgo.Whetherornotitrains,themeetingwillbeheldontime.25whether……or(not)whether……or引65wh+ever/nomatter+whwh+ever既可以引導名詞性從句也可以引導讓步狀語從句；nomatter+wh只能引導讓步狀語從句。Whateveryousay,Iwon'tbelieveyou.(=nomatterwhat)Whenevershegetsangry,hewillcheerherup.(=nomatterwhen)Whoevercomestotheparty,theywillreceiveagift.Howevercarefulweare,wewillerr.(nomatterhow)26wh+ever/nomatter+whwh+ever既66forall(that)forall(that)相當于inspiteof/despitethefactthat，表示“不管、雖然”后接that從句，that可省略。Forall(that)heisacommonman,hedoesuncommonthings.Inspiteof/despitethefactthatheisacommonman,hedoesuncommonthings.Inspiteoftheheavyrain,theystillwentout.=Inspiteofthefactthatitrainedheavily,theystillwentout.27forall(that)forall(that)相當67though/as引導的讓步狀語從句中的倒裝名詞+though/as+主語+be動詞Managerthough/asheis,heisverymodest.形容詞+though/as+主語+謂語Strongthough/asyouare,youcan'tliftit.副詞+though/as+主語+謂語Hardas/thoughheworks,hewasunabletomakegreatprogress.原形動詞+though/as+主語+助動詞或情態(tài)動詞Failmanytimesas/thoughhedid,heneverlostheart.Searchthough/astheymight,theycan'tfindanybodyinthehouse.過去分詞+though/as+主語+be動詞Praisedashewas,heremainedmodest.28though/as引導的讓步狀語從句中的倒裝名詞+tho68結果狀語從句so……that和such……that29結果狀語從句so……that和such……that69sucha/anadj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)adj可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)adj不可數(shù)名詞that從句Kathyissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeher.Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswerthem.Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkontime.30sucha/anadj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)adj可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)ad70so形容詞/副詞adj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)many/few可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)that從句Kathyissolovelythatweallliketobewithher.Kathyissolovelyagirlthatweallliketobewithher.Hemadesomanymistakesthathefailedtheexamonceagain.There'ssolittletimeleftthatwehavetospeedup.a/anmuch/little不可數(shù)名詞31so形容詞/副詞adj可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)many/few可數(shù)名71sothat和suchthatsothat引導的結果狀語常用逗號同主句隔開；suchthat也可引導結果狀語從句，such常作表語。Hegotuplate,sothathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.TheweatherwassuchthatIwouldn'tgoout.32sothat和suchthatsothat引導的結72目的狀語從句sothat和inorderthat目的狀語從句表示“為了、以便”，常同表示“能夠”的情態(tài)動詞連用。如：can、could、may和might。Speakloudlysothatyoucanbeheardclearly.Inorderthatotherswillnoticeher,shewearabrightcoat.Theteacherexplainedtheansweragainandagaininorderthatw