初三英語中考語法一輪復習講義(二十二)動詞的時態(tài)最全總結(jié)與

初三英語中考語法一輪復習講義（二十二）動詞的時態(tài)最全總結(jié)與整理動詞的時態(tài).動詞時態(tài)概述時態(tài)是表示動作與時間相互關(guān)系的語法范疇。正確使用時態(tài)能反映一個人的英語基本功。對中國學生來說，英語的時態(tài)是相當困難的一個語法項目，原因之一是中文動詞沒有時態(tài)形式的變化。也就是說，中文動詞不是用詞形的變化，而是用特定的詞語，如：“現(xiàn)在”“將來”“過去”“正在”“經(jīng)?！薄傲恕薄斑^"“已經(jīng)''等來說明一個動作發(fā)生的時間，而動詞本身并無變化。在英語中，則用動詞本身的詞形變化或加助動詞表示動作的時間。Shereadsnewspaperseveryday.（她每天看報紙。）（句子中有eveiryday,所以用現(xiàn)在時）Shereadthenewspaperyesterday.（她昨天看過了這張報紙。）（句子中有yesterday,所以用過去時）Shewillreadthenewspapertomorrow.（她明天看這張報紙。）（句子中有tomorrow,所以用將來時）Sheisreadingthenewspapernow.（她正在看報紙。）（句子中有now,所以用現(xiàn)在進行時）Shehasreadthenewspaper.（她已經(jīng)讀過這張報紙了。）（句子中沒有標識性的時間狀語，但因為表示的是“過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響”,所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時）.動詞十二種時態(tài)的形式英語動詞共有十六種時態(tài)，一般語法書列出的英語動詞的十二種時態(tài)為“現(xiàn)在”“過去”和“將來”三大類；每類中又分為“一般”“進行”“完成”“完成進行”四種，共十二種，下面以study為例，列表說明。,般時進行時完成時完成進行時現(xiàn)在Istudy.Youstudy,hestudies.Westudy.Theystudy.Iamstudying.Youarestudying.Heisstudying.Wearestudying.Theyarestudying.Ihavestudied.Youhavestudied.Hehasstudied.Wehavestudied.Theyhavestudied.Ihavebeenstudying.Youhavebeenstudying.Hehasbeenstudying.Wehavebeenstudying.Theyhavebeenstudying.過去Istudied.Youstudied.Hestudied.Iwasstudying.Youwerestudying.Ihadstudied.Youhadstudied.Hehadstudied.Ihadbeenstudying.Youhadbeenstudying.Hehadbeenstudying.

注意：初中階段最常用的時態(tài)有5種，即一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行時、一般將來時和現(xiàn)在完成時。在下面的文章中，將分別講述各種時態(tài)的具體用法。不規(guī)則動詞變化表Westudied.Theystudied.Hewasstudying.Wewerestudying.Theywerestudying.Wehadstudied.Theyhadstudied.Wehadbeenstudying.Theyhadbeenstudying.將來Ishallstudy.Youwillstudy.Hewillstudy.Weshallstudy.Theywillstucly.Ishallbestudying.Youwillbestudying.Hewillbestudying.Weshallbestudying.Theywillbestudying.Ishallhavestudied.Youwillhavestudied.Hewillhavestudied.Weshallhavestudied.Theywillhavestudied.Ishallhavebeenstudying.Youwillhavebeenstudying.Hewillhavebeenstudying.Weshallhavebeenstudying.Theywillhavebeenstudying.現(xiàn)在式過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在式過去式過去分詞beat打，敲beatbeatenbecome成為becamebecomebegin開始beganbegunbite咬bitbitten/bitblow吹blewblownbreak打破brokebrokenbring攜帶broughtbroughtbuild建造builtbuiltburn燃燒burned/burntburned/burntbuy買boughtboughtcatch捉caughtcaughtchoose選擇chosechosencome來camecomedrink喝drankdrunkdrive駕駛drovedriveneat吃ateeatenfall落下fellfallenfeed喂fedfedfeel覺得feltfeltfight打架foughtfoughtfind找foundfoundfly飛flewflownforget忘記forgotforgotten/forgotforgive原諒forgaveforgiveng('l獲得gotgotten/gotgive給gavegivengo去wentgonegrow生長grewgrownhang掛hunghunghear聽heardheardhit擊hithithold持heldheldhurt傷害hurthurtkeep保持keptkeptknow知道knewknownlay放置laidlaid

lead引導ledledlearn學習learned/learntlearned/learntleave離開leftleftlend借出lentlentlet讓letletlie躺laylainlose遺失lostlostmake做mademademeet遇見metmetpay支付paidpaidread讀readreadrise上升roserisenrun跑ranrunsay說saidsaidsee看見sawseensell售soldsoldsend送sentsentshine照耀/擦去，磨光shone/shinedshone/shinedshoot發(fā)射shotshotsing唱歌sangsungsit坐下satsatsleep睡覺sleptsleptsmell嗅smelt/smelledsmelt/smelledspeak說spokespokenspell拼寫spelt/spelledspelt/spelledspend花費spentspentstand站立stoodstoodsteal偷竊stolestolensweep掃除sweptsweptswim游泳swamswumswing搖擺swungswungtake拿，握，抓tooktakenteach教taughttaughttear撕toretorntell告訴toldtoldthink想thoughtthoughtthrow投threwthrownunderstand/解understoodunderstoodwear穿worewornwin贏wonwonwrite寫wrotewritten例題：()1.一Whendidyoumeethim?一WhileIonthestreet.A.walkswalkwaswalkingamwalking()2.—Mum,whydon'tyougotosleep?—Yoursisteryet.Iforher.hasn'tcomeback;amwaitingdidn'tcomeback;waswaitinghadn'tcomeback;waswaitingcameback;waited()3.—KingWhiteinourcompanyfor20years.一Yes,andsheherewhenshewas21yearsold.hasworked;hascomeworked;comesworked;camehasworked;came()4.—Don'tforgettovisitmewhenyoucomehere.一OK.I_youacallassoonasIthere.gave;getwillgive;willgetgive;willgetwillgive;get()5.—Whatdidyoudolastsummervacation?Don'tmentionit.Ialwaysmyparentsonthefarm.was;helping/;helpedwould;helphave;helped()6.一Wouldyouliketoseethemovie?一No,thanks.Iittwice.haveseenseensawhadseen()7.一Areyoustillsingle?一No,Ifortwomonths.havebeenmarriedhavemarriedwasmarryingmarried()8.—Wewilldosomecleaningiftheweatherfinetomorrow.一ButIthinkitrain.willbe;isgoingtois;isgoingtois;h