定語從句專題總結(jié)

定語從專題一、定從句、先行、引導(dǎo)（關(guān)系代/詞）引導(dǎo)詞跟先行詞，并在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代：who,whom,which,that和whose,另外as也可充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語表語和語。關(guān)系副：when,where和。在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。Eg:

Maryisastudentwhois21yearsold()()TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.()()（一）系代詞的基用法who（主語、賓語（賓語／作（主語、賓語主語、賓語（---的例如注意關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑貲oyouknowthewillspeechweek?（作主語）②Ireadreporthisnewnovelthat/willsoon

（作主語）③Theplan(that/which)theywassettledatlast.

（作賓語）④Thisisthenewsecretary(who/whom/that)Iwouldlike.⑤Thesoldierwoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.

（作賓語）（--的）⑥Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenIlostyesterday.注意：系代詞在定從句中當(dāng)賓語時(shí)可省略，當(dāng)主語時(shí)則能（見例④，是as做賓語一不省略（見例⑥）（二）系副詞基本法關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語，when,where和why別表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)和原因。1.when

在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。e.g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplefunofothers.=Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichmakeofothers.2.where

在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。?？捎蒳nwhich,onwhich,atwhich,which等取代。e.g.Thisisthewherehelivedtwoyearsago.=Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.第1頁共1頁

3.whywhy在定語從句中作原因狀語?？捎脀hich代替。why不可引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，此時(shí)可用forwhich代替。e.g.Thisisthewhyhewent=Thisisthereasonforwhichwent注：①這里的關(guān)系代詞只限于which和whom二、關(guān)代詞or關(guān)系副

②介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略這本質(zhì)上取決于關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某桑ㄇ罢叱洚?dāng)語賓語表語或定后者充當(dāng)狀進(jìn)而取決于從句中的謂動(dòng)詞。試比較下面兩組句子：①Thisisthefactorythat/whichproducesradios.Thisisthefactoryradiosare第一句中劃線部分在從句中作主語，故而應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞：Thefactoryproduces而第二句中劃線部分在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語故而應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞：Radiosareproducedinfactory.②DoyourememberthedayswetogetherDoyourememberthedayswhentogether?第一句中關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語：Wespentthedaystogether.而第二句中關(guān)系副詞作時(shí)間狀語：Weworkedtogetherduringthedays.注意：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也就能正確選出關(guān)系代詞/系副詞。例Isthismuseum___youvisitedfewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneE.例Isthisthe____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone解析：例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hismuseumis___youvisitedafewdays例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where,onwhich都不能起到賓語的作用；that，one第2頁共2頁

既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選BDE。而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副where，因inthemuseum詞組，可用介詞in+which引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on用的不對，所以選A總之，關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語，when時(shí)間狀語，why原因狀語)。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞把下列句子補(bǔ)充完整。1.Hisfatherdiedtheyear_________hewasborn.2.Heisunlikelytofindtheplacehelivedfortyyears3.Doyourememberday_________youjoinedclub?4.RecentlyIboughtabeautifulvase_______pricewasquitereasonable.5.Thereason_______Icameistogetyourhelp.6.Igotthebookinasmallbookstore,thenameof______Icannotremember.7.Iwillneverforgetthedaywefirst8.Isthisthefactory_______youonceworkedfor?9.Isthatthereason_______hegavehisterriblebehavior?10.Thekind_______sharedumbrellawithmethismorningturnedouttobemyboss.1.when2.where3.when4.whose5.why6.which7.(when)8.(that/which)9.(that)10.who/that①Thisisthefactoryhevisitedlastyear.②Thisisthefactory_____________heworkedyear.③Thisisth