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高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解V:1.0精細(xì)整理,僅供參考高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解日期:20xx年X月【TheSubjunctiveMood】語(yǔ)氣(mood)是一種動(dòng)詞形式,用以表示說(shuō)話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣有三種:陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。直陳語(yǔ)氣(indicativemood),表示所說(shuō)的話是事實(shí)。祈使語(yǔ)氣(imperativemood),表示所說(shuō)的話是請(qǐng)求或命令。虛擬語(yǔ)氣(subjunctivemood),表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí),或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況,而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。一.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類(lèi):條件句有真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句(或稱(chēng)虛擬條件句)兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如:Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgoforapicnic.假若明天不下雨,我就去野餐。Oilfloatsifyoupouritonwater.你如把油倒在水里,油就浮起來(lái)。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相違背過(guò)去式(動(dòng)詞是be用were)should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相違背had+過(guò)去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞與未來(lái)事實(shí)相違背1)should+動(dòng)詞原形
2)were+動(dòng)詞不定式
3)過(guò)去式(動(dòng)詞是Be也可以用were)should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形1.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句,條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were),主句的謂語(yǔ)用should(would,might,could)+動(dòng)詞原形。如:Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話,我們就出去野餐了。(事實(shí)是:天在下雨,我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。)Ifhecamehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.如果他來(lái)這,他就能夠幫助你了。(事實(shí)是:他沒(méi)來(lái)這,他不可能幫助你。表示對(duì)他的良好印象。)2.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句,條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用had+過(guò)去分詞,主句的謂語(yǔ)用should(would,might,could)+have+過(guò)去分詞。如:Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話,她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。(事實(shí)是:當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有人邀請(qǐng)她,因此,她沒(méi)有來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。表示后悔。)Ifshehadn'tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.今天早上,她要是不叫我的話,我就會(huì)睡過(guò)頭了。(事實(shí)是:她今天早上叫我了,我沒(méi)有睡過(guò)頭。表示感激。)3.與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬條件句,條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were);should+動(dòng)詞原形;wereto+動(dòng)詞原形,主句用should(would,might,could)+動(dòng)詞原形。如:IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.明年我要是二十歲,我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)。(事實(shí)是:我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了,明年我學(xué)不了法語(yǔ)了。)Ifitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失敗了,我會(huì)再試一次。(事實(shí)是:有可能失敗,可我會(huì)再試。表示未知。)虛擬過(guò)去式有時(shí)并不表示“不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)”,而是表示一種希望或不希望發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:Ifwecaughttheearlytrain,we’dgettherebylunchtime.假如我們趕上早班火車(chē),到午飯時(shí)間我們就會(huì)到達(dá)那里了。(表希望)Ifwemissedthetrain,weshouldhavetowaitanhouratthestation.假如我們趕不上這班火車(chē),我們就得在車(chē)站等一小時(shí)。(表不希望)4.混合型的條件句當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí),虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互呼應(yīng),這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(指過(guò)去行為),而主句用一般時(shí)(指目前狀態(tài))。Hewouldpassthetestifhehadtakenmyadvice.如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告,他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試。IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了,現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.假如你接受了我的意見(jiàn),你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。如條件從句用ifIwere...,主句則可用表任何時(shí)間的虛擬形式。如:IfIwerenotbusy,Iwouldhavecome.假如我不忙,我就會(huì)去了。(were表過(guò)去)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.假如我是你,我會(huì)去的。(were表現(xiàn)在)二.連詞if的省略如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分有were,had和should時(shí),可省略if,把were,had和should放到從句主語(yǔ)前面去,多見(jiàn)于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.要是沒(méi)有你的幫助,我就失敗了。Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.假如你處在我的地位,你也會(huì)這樣干的。Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely.假如他們進(jìn)攻我們,我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。三.含蓄條件句虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái),只暗含在上下文中,這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句大體有三種情況。1)條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中。如:Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.如果沒(méi)有你的幫助,我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)是不會(huì)成功的。(暗含在分詞短詞butforyourhelp)WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou如沒(méi)有你,我會(huì)怎么辦呢(條件暗含在介詞短語(yǔ)withoutyou中)Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.這樣做會(huì)比較容易。(條件暗含在不定式短語(yǔ)todoitthisway中)Thissamething,happeninginwartime,amounttodisaster.同樣的事,如發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)時(shí),就會(huì)釀成大禍。(條件暗含在分詞短語(yǔ)happeninginwartime中)Hemusthavethestrengthofahippopotamus,orhenevercouldhavevanquishedthatgreatbeast.他一定是力大如河馬,否則他絕不會(huì)擊敗那只龐大的野獸。(暗含條件是連詞or)Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.如是單獨(dú)一人,他是會(huì)感到害怕的。(暗含條件是alone)2)條件暗含在上下文中。如:Youmightstayhereforever.你可以永遠(yuǎn)待在這兒。(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)Wewouldhavesucceeded.我們本來(lái)是會(huì)成功的。(可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying)Yourreputationwouldberuined.你的名譽(yù)會(huì)敗壞的。(可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit)3)在不少情況下,虛擬式已變成習(xí)慣說(shuō)法,很難找出其暗含的條件。如:Youwouldn’tknow.你不會(huì)知道。Iwouldliketocome.我愿意來(lái)。四.不用if引導(dǎo)的條件從句虛擬條件句中的條件從句除用if引外,還可用when,unless,lest,suppose,asif,forfear,incase,oncondition等詞語(yǔ)來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如:Thepeasantspreparedtofeedthecitywhenitshouldbefreed.農(nóng)民已準(zhǔn)備在這座城市解放后供給糧食。Lestyoushouldnothaveheardall,Ishallbeginatthebeginning.我怕你沒(méi)有聽(tīng)全,所以我再?gòu)念^開(kāi)始講一遍。UnlessIwerewell,Iwouldn’tbeatschool.除非我好了,否則我不會(huì)上學(xué)。SupposeyouweregivenachancetostudyinAmerica,wouldyouaccept假如給你一個(gè)到美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì),你會(huì)接受嗎(suppose或supposing=whatif)Supposingitwereso(=Supposingitwereso,whatwouldhappen)要是這樣的話,會(huì)怎么樣呢Hecanusethebicycleonconditionthatheshouldreturnittomorrow.如果明天能還回來(lái),他就可以借用這輛自行車(chē)。IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofmypromise如果我忘了,請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐业闹Z言。Susaniswalkingslowly,asifsheweretired.蘇珊走得很慢,就像是累了似的。與if一樣,上述詞語(yǔ)所引導(dǎo)的條件從句亦可用直陳語(yǔ)氣,表可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或發(fā)生的事。虛擬語(yǔ)氣補(bǔ)充講解(第二課時(shí))虛擬語(yǔ)氣除主要用于條件句(也就是狀語(yǔ)從句)外,還可用于主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句等。1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用“常用在Itis(was)+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”的句型中的主語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形(或should+have+過(guò)去分詞)或只用動(dòng)詞原形(尤其是美國(guó)英語(yǔ))。should在此是助動(dòng)詞,本身并無(wú)實(shí)義,這種主語(yǔ)從句中的should有時(shí)有感情色彩。It'simportantthatwe(should)workoutaplan.(帶有“要求”的含義)It'sbetterthathegoatonce.(帶有“建議”的意思)☆用于本句型的形容詞并不多,常見(jiàn)形容詞有:necessary,important,best,right,impossible,preferable,desirable,imperative,advisable,essential,reserved,urgent,等。Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.It'sstrangethatheshouldsayso.Iwasgladthatheshouldgo.Itisimportantthatweshouldspeakpolitely.Itisapitythatsheshouldfaresobadly.It'srightthatyoushouldthinkthatway.☆用于本句型中的過(guò)去分詞就是表示提議要求、命令等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,如suggested,settled,required,requested,demanded,urged,decided,proposed,ordered,desired,advised等。ItisrequestedthatProfessorLiu(should)giveusalecture.Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.I’mashamedyoushouldhavedonesuchathing.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.有人建議推遲會(huì)議。Itissettledthatyouleaveus,then注意:這種句型中的主語(yǔ)從句也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣,如:Itwasimportantthathemadeanexplicitstatementonthisscorelastweek.他上個(gè)星期對(duì)于這一方面做了明確的說(shuō)明,這是很重要的。2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用1).賓語(yǔ)從句在表示提議、要求、命令、意志等動(dòng)詞后,其謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形或只用動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,作為suggest,request,demand,urge,propose,prefer,advise,insist,require,order,command,maintain,ask,object,arrange,desire等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。如:Thedoctorsuggestedthathenotgothere.醫(yī)生建議他不要去那里。Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。Thejudgeorderedthattheprisonershouldberemanded.法官命令被告還押。2).wish的賓語(yǔ)的從句,表示愿望,常省去連詞that。☆從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去式,表示現(xiàn)在的愿望(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反),雖實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性不大,但仍有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能。Iwishitweretrue.我但愿這是真的。☆從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還可用“could(would,might)+動(dòng)詞原形”用來(lái)表示將來(lái)的愿望Iwishyouwouldstayalittlelonger.我希望你再待一會(huì)兒?!畋硎緹o(wú)能為力的過(guò)去愿望(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反),可用“had+過(guò)去分詞”或“could(would,might)+have+過(guò)去分詞”Iwishyouhadcalledyesterday.我希望你昨天來(lái)過(guò)電話。WewishyouhadcometoourNewYear’sparty.我們真希望你來(lái)參加了我們的新年聯(lián)歡會(huì)。3).wouldrather,wouldsooner等表示愿望,其賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬過(guò)去式?!畋硎九c現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)含義事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式☆用過(guò)去完成式(had+過(guò)去分詞)表示過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的含義Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.我寧愿你明天來(lái)。I’dsoonershelefttheheavyendoftheworktosomeoneelse.我寧愿她把重活留給別人。4).有些動(dòng)詞,如think,expect,believe,其否定式的賓語(yǔ)從句亦可用should+動(dòng)詞原形。如:Ineverthoughtheshouldrefuse.我萬(wàn)沒(méi)有想到他會(huì)拒絕。Shedidnotexpectthatyoushouldcome.她沒(méi)有預(yù)料你會(huì)來(lái)。3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用名詞suggestion,proposal,order,advice,demand等作主語(yǔ),其后的表語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,用should+動(dòng)詞原形或省略should。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)sendafewsoldierstohelpthem.我的建議是我們應(yīng)派幾個(gè)戰(zhàn)士去增援他們。Myadviceisthatyou(should)treatherwell.我的忠告是你應(yīng)該善待她。Hemakesthedemandthatshe(should)leavetheplaceatonce.他提出一個(gè)要求,要求她立刻離開(kāi)這個(gè)地方。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建議是我們應(yīng)該告訴他。Ouronlyrequestisthatthisshouldbesettledassoonaspossible.我們唯一的請(qǐng)求就是盡快解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。注意:虛擬語(yǔ)氣也可以用于同位語(yǔ)從句。如:TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.有一項(xiàng)建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊(duì)。4.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用常用在Itistime(that)…句型中,定語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬過(guò)去式Itistimethechildrenwenttobed.孩子們?cè)缭撋洗菜X(jué)了。(表示催促)It'shightimethathebegantothinkhowtodealwithmoney.他早該開(kāi)始考慮如何與錢(qián)打交道。Itistimeweleft.我們?cè)撟吡?。Itistimewewenttobed.我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。5.虛擬式動(dòng)詞原形亦常用在獨(dú)立句中,表愿望LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina!中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲!Godblessyou!上帝保佑你。Goddamnit!該死的!Thedeviltakeyou!見(jiàn)鬼去吧!Sobeitthen.就那樣吧。6.虛擬時(shí)態(tài)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)系:從句中的虛擬時(shí)態(tài)往往不受全句謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的影響。1)用于主語(yǔ)從句。試比較:Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他必須知道此事。Itwasimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他必須知道此事。2)用于賓語(yǔ)從句。試比較:Isuggestthatweshouldgotomorrow.我建議我們明天走。Isuggestedthatweshouldgothenextday.我建議我們第二天走。Shesaid,“IfIwereaboyIwouldjointhearmy.”她說(shuō),“我如是男孩,就參軍。”Shesaidthatifshewereaboy,shewouldjointhearmy.她說(shuō)她如是男孩就參軍。但強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的虛擬式在間接引語(yǔ)中需要遵守時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則。試比較:“IfIknewhowitworked,Icouldtellyouwhattodo,”hesaid.“假如我知道它是如何運(yùn)行的話,我就會(huì)告訴你該怎么辦,”他說(shuō)道。Hesaidthatifhehadknownhowitworkedhecouldhavetoldmewhattodo.他說(shuō)假如他知道它是如何運(yùn)行的話,他就會(huì)告訴我該怎么辦?!癐fIknewtheanswertoallyourquestionsI'dbeagenius,”hesaid.“我如知道你所有問(wèn)題的答案,我就是天才了。”他說(shuō)道。Hesaidthatifheknewtheanswertoallmyquestions,he’dbeagenius.他說(shuō)他如知道我所有問(wèn)題的答案,他就是天才了。但如果全句謂語(yǔ)是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其后從句的時(shí)態(tài)則多受其影響,現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)隨之而變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如:Iwouldthinkhewaswrong.我看他是錯(cuò)了。(須用was,試比較:Ithinkheiswrong)Itwouldseemthatshewasright.她似乎是對(duì)的。(須用was,試比較:Itseemsthatsheisright)虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)1:enjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishI_____thebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.havereadB.hadreadC.shouldhavereadD.arereadingarelate.Ifyou_____afewminutesearlier,you_____him.A.come;wouldmeetB.hadcome;wouldhavemetC.come;willmeetD.hadcome;wouldmeettwostudentstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeenisimportantthatI_____withMr.Williamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeaklookedasifhe_____illforalongtime.A.wasB.WereC.hasbeenD.hadbeenthedoctorhadcomeearlier,thepoorchildwouldnot_____.A.havelaidtherefortwohoursB.havebeenliedtherefortwohoursC.haveliedtherefortwohoursD.havelaintherefortwohourswishthatI_____withyoulastnight.A.wentB.couldgoC.havegoneD.couldhavegone’ssayyoucouldgothereagain,how_____feelA.willyouB.shouldyouC.wouldyouD.doyoucan’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_____everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknownthefog,weshouldhavereachedourschool.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butforyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeetcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteachwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,haditbeenpossible,butI_____sobusythen.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe’sworkinghardforfearthathe_____.A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehindC.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallenbehindit_____anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.A.hadrainedB.wouldhaverainedC.haveseenD.rainedsuggestedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.hadfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.A.notwentB.won’tgoC.notgoD.nottogowouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehadyouratherI_____buyinganewbikeA.decidedagainstB.willdecideagainstC.havedecidedD.shalldecideagainstlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou_____.A.gotosleepB.wenttosleepC.gotobedD.wenttobed21.—Whydidn’tyoubuyanewcar—IwouldhaveboughtoneifI_____enoughmoney.A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhadshecouldsew,_____.A.shemakeadressB.shewouldhavemadeashirtC.shewillmakeashirtD.shewouldhadmadeacoattoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleavesdoctorsuggestedthathe_____ashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.tookBakersarrivedlastnight.Ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier,_____atthestation.A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthemI_____you,I_____moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpaymighthavefailedifyou_____usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgivelawrequiresthateveryone_____hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhaveisstrangethathe_____so.A.wouldsayB.wouldspeakC.shouldsayD.willspeakIknownhername,_____A.ordoessheknowmineB.andwheredoessheliveC.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.hasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe_____allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knewI_____themoney,Iwouldhaveboughtamuchbiggercar.A.possessedB.ownedC.hadD.hadhadwasverybusyyesterday;otherwise,he_____tothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.willcomelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_____nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehasborrowed.A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takesleftveryearlylastnight,butIwishI_____soearly.A.didn’tleaveB.hadn’tleftC.haven’tleftD.couldn’tleavedonothaveajob.IwouldfindonebutI_____notime.A.hadB.didn’thaveC.hadhadD.havewishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseI’msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadn’tB.didn’thavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thaveinsistedthatweall_____inhisofficeatoneo’clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbecouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif_____.A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)2:1.Hisdoctorsuggestedthathe______ashortleaveofabsence.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took2.Thejobwouldrequirethat______at7o'clockeverymorning.A.hewillbeatthefactoryB.hebeatthefactoryC.hewasatthefactoryD.hehasbeenatthefactory3.Youradvicethatshe______tillnextweekisreasonable.A.willwaitB.isgoingtowaitC.waitsD.wait4.Thehousemasterwasstrict.Herequestedthatwe______televisiononweeknights.A.notwatchB.mustnottowatchC.notbewatchingD.havenotwatched5.Itisnecessarythataworker______hisworkontime.A.a(chǎn)ccomplishesB.canaccomplishC.a(chǎn)ccomplishD.hasaccomplished6.Itisimportantthathe______hisdecisionbeforeFriday.A.willmakeB.makesC.makeD.mustmake7.Youlooksotired.It'stimeyou______.A.gotosleepB.wenttosleepC.gotobedD.wenttobed8.I'dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.doB.didn'tdoC.don'tD.didn't9.Butforwater,it______impossibletoliveinthedesert.A.isB.wasC.wereD.wouldn'tbe10.______it______foryourhelp,Icouldn'thavemadeanyprogress.A.Had;notbeenB.Should;notbeenC.Did;notbeenD.Not;be11.Long______theParty!A.livesB.liveC.willliveD.shouldlive12.MaryinsistedthatTom______hertheringback.A.givesB.giveC.givenD.havegiven13.Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting______offtillnextweek.A.toputB.beputC.shouldputD.beputting14.MothersuggestedthatI______myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV.A.didB.doC.shalldoD.havedone15.Heinsistedthatnothing______tillhearrived.A.mustbestartedB.oughttobestartedC.couldbestartedD.shouldbestarted16.TomsuggeststhatAnn______thehouse.A.cansellB.sellsC.sellD.sold17.It'sbetterthathe______itfromyou.A.'llhearB.hearsC.shouldhearD.heard18.Itwasnecessarythathe______aboutwhathadhappened.A.betoldB.wastoldC.shouldtellD.tell19.It'sastonishingthatshe______sadatnewsthatithasnothingtodowithher.A.feltB.shouldfeelC.'llfeelD.wouldfeel20.Itwasstrangethatwe______shortofwaterinthecountrywhereitwasalwaysraining.A.a(chǎn)reB.beC.shouldbeD.bothBandC21.Itisstrangethatshe______marrysuchanuglyman.A.wouldB.shouldC.shallD.must22.It'snotrightthatthemeeting______offtilltomorrow.A.mustbeputB.mustputC.willbeputD.beput23.Itwasimpossiblethathe______thetrain,forhehadstartedoutveryearly.A.couldhavemissedB.musthavemissedC.shouldhavemissedD.shouldmiss24.It'sapitythathe______suchagoodchance.A.shouldmissB.shouldhavemissedC.hasmissedD.a(chǎn)lltheabove25.Hetriedtofindsomeexcuseforthedebt,butIinsistedthathe______itoffatonce.A.mustpayB.oughttopayC.paidD.pay26.Mr.Fordinsistedthathe______right,thoughtheothersdidn'tthinkso.A.shoulddoB.shouldhavedoneC.haddoneD.did27.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______thesadnews.A.shouldbetoldB.shouldhavebeentoldC.wastoldD.hadbeentold28.Hesuggestedthatwe______hereatonce.A.shouldleaveB.mustleaveC.leftD.oughttoleave29.Myorderisthateveryone______theirownworkintime.A.mustcompleteB.completedC.completesD.complete30.We'vemadethedecisionthatwe______attheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.willgatherB.a(chǎn)reabouttogatherC.wouldgatherD.shouldgather31.----I'llbewaitingforyouathome.----______Iwerebusyandcouldn'tcomeA.WhatifB.WhatwhenC.HowifD.Howwhen32.Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”A.woulddoB.wouldhavedoneC.didD.haddone33.Ithasbeenrainingforaday,buteventhoughit______,we______therebytomorrow.A.hadn'trained,couldn'tgetB.hadn'trained,can'tgetC.didn'train,couldn'tgetD.didn'train,can'tget34.Wecouldnothavesucceeded______yourhelp.A.butforB.withoutC.ifithadnotbeenforD.a(chǎn)lltheabove35.Idaresayheisnotyourtruefriend,becauseatruefriend______differentlywhenyouwereintrouble.A.a(chǎn)ctedB.hadactedC.wouldactD.wouldhaveacted專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)31.Everything______ifAlberthadn’tcalledthefirebrigade.A.willbedestroyedB.willhavebeendestroyedB.wouldbedestroyedD.wouldhavebeendestroyed2.Ifyouhadn’tgonewithTomtothepartylastnight,______.A.youwouldmeetJohnalreadyB.youwon’thavemissedJohnC.youwillhavemetJohnD.youwouldhavemetJohn3.Supposingthisship______,doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengersA.wassinkingB.hassunkC.weretosinkD.sunk4.Theinsectswoulddevourallourcropsandkillourflocksandheads,if______fortheprotectionwegetfrominsect-eatinganimals.A.itisnotB.itwerenotC.wereitnotD.theywerenot5.Theteachersuggestedthateachstudent______aplanforthevacation.A.madeB.makeC.makesD.willmake6.Frankly,I’dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.doB.don’tdoC.didn’tdoD.willnotdo7.Afterthewayshetreatedyou,ifI______inyourplace.A.beB.amC.wasD.were8.Theideaisthatthenation______anunmannedspacecrafttoexploretheplanetfirst.A.sentB.sendsC.sendD.mustsend9.It’shightimeyou______.A.starttoworkB.wouldstarttoworkC.startedtoworkD.hadstartedtowork10.“IfIhadn’tpracticedwhenIwasyounger,”themusiciansays,“I______abletoplaysowellnow.”A.wouldn’tbeB.won’tbeC.wouldn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen11.Itisimperativethatyou______thereinperson.A.areB.wereC.beD.willbe12.Theatomicstructureis,______,aminiaturesolarsystem.A.asitwereB.asiftheywereC.asitwereD.asifare13.Werequiredthatthemachineparts______castiron.A.ismadeofB.bemadefromC.bemadeofD.ismadeby14.Themanagementurgedthatthecostofproduction______.A.tobefurtherreducedB.wasfurtherreducedB.befurtherreducedD.shouldfurtherreduced15.Thebusinessisrisky.But______wewouldberich.A.shouldwesucceedB.weshouldsucceedC.mightwesucceedD.wouldwesucceed16.Iwishourteacher______togiveanothertest.Ihaven’tgotpreparedyet.A.isn’tgoingB.weren’tgoingC.willnotgoingD.couldhavegone17.IwishI______tothemovieswithyoulastnight.A.wentB.didgoC.couldgoD.couldhavegone18.I’djustassoon______rudelytoher.A.thatyouwon’tspeakB.yournotspeakingC.younotspeakD.youdidn’tspeak19.IfI______inthetwenty-firstcentury,I______myvacationinaverydifferentway.A.shouldlive…wouldspendB.willlive….shouldspendC.areliving…shouldhavespentD.willbeliving…wouldhavespent20.Itisrequiredthatthemachine______asfrequentlyasnecessary.A.beoiledB.mustbeoiledC.isoiledD.willoil21.HisEnglishteacherrecommendsthathe______aregulardegreeprogram.A.beginsB.beginC.willbeginD.isbeginning22.Wepreferthattheplan______beforebeingputintoexecution.A.isfullydiscussedB.mustbefullydiscussedC.befullydiscussedD.willbefullydiscussed23.Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatimprovements______intheoldtypeofvacuumcleanerA.bemadeB.willbemadeC.wouldbemadeD.willhavetobemade24.Thedoctor’sadviceisthatthepatient______abouthisrealphysicalcondition.A.benottoldB.notbetoldC.willnotbetoldD.mustnotbetold25.______,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.A.IftheydonothelpusB.WasitnotfortheirhelpC.ShouldtheyoffertohelpusD.Butfortheirhelp26.Ifwehadbeenmorecareful,we______muchbetterresultsnow.A.gotB.hadgotC.wouldbegettingD.wouldhavegot27.Henry______arichmantodayifhehadbeenmorefrugalinthepast.A.wouldbeB.isC.willbeD.was28.Theythoughtitdesirablethatanarmedguard______inreadiness.A.standsB.standC.stoodD.wouldstand29.Allsciencestudents,______,shouldhaveagoodfoundationinbasicsciences.A.whethertheyarefuturephysicistsandchemistsB.theyarefuturephysicistsofchemistsC.theyshouldbefuturephysicistsofchemistsD.betheyfuturephysicistsorchemists30.Sallycan’thavewrittentome,or______theletterbynow.A.I’llgetB.I’llhavegotC.I’dhavegotD.I’dget31.IshouldverymuchliketohavegonetothepartybutI______.A.amnotinvitedB.wasnotinvitedC.shallnotbeinvitedD.amnotbeinginvited32.ThereisageneralunderstandingamongthemembersoftheBoardofDirectorsthatchiefattention______totheundertakingthatisexpectedtobringinhighestprofit.A.isgivenB.givesC.shouldbegivenD.mustbegiven33.Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerial______toitsburningtemperature.A.beheatedB.isheatedC.wouldbeheatedD.toheat34.“Didyougotoseethefootballmatchyesterday”“No.Ididn’tfeelwell,butIwouldhavegoneifI______.”A.didB.haveC.wouldD.had35.Ifwehadknownthatshehadplannedtoarrivetoday,we______heratthebusstation.A.mayhavemetB.mightmeetC.maymeetD.mighthavemet36.We’resaferinatrainthanwewouldbeifwe______anyotherway.A.traveledB.hadtraveledC.travelD.havetraveled37.HetoldmehowhehadgivenmeshelterandprotectionwithoutwhichI______ofhungerandcold.A.wouldbediedB.wouldhavediedC.woulddieD.willhavedied38.______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.
WasheleavingB.IfheisleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves39.Hadelectroniccomputersnotbeeninvented,manyproblemsofspaceflight______.A.couldbenotsolvedB.couldnotbesolvedC.couldnothavebeensolvedD.couldnothavesolved40.Heisapoorlylearntman.Butheactsasthoughhe______.A.isB.wereC.shouldbeD.seemslike41.Thedriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit______ontheway.A.goeswrongB.gowrongC.wentwrongD.wouldgowrong42.______thefog,weshouldhavereachedourdestination.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor43.Theoldmanwenttoofficeonfoot,buthe______bybus.A.mighthavegoneB.oughthavegoneC.couldhavegoneD.shouldbegone44.Heisworkinghardforfearthathe______topasstheexam.A.failsB.mayfailC.shouldfailD.wouldfail45.Sheputonherglassesinorderthatshe_____.A.canseeB.sawC.hadseenD.mightsee46.Whatever______we’llgoahead.A.hadhappenedB.willhappenC.mighthappenD.maybehappened47.IfI______outofink,Imighthavefinishedwritingthepaper.A.hadn’trunB.shouldn’trunC.didn’trunD.haven’trun48.Butforyouradvice,I______intotrouble.A.wouldgetB.gotC.mighthavegotD.shouldget49.______forthetrafficjam,Ishouldhavecoveredfiftymiles.A.H
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