考研考博-英語-中山大學南方學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中山大學南方學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Atmosphericpressurecansupportacolumnofwaterupto10metershigh.Butplantscanmovewatermuchhigher,thesequoiatreecanpumpwatertoitsverytop,morethan100metersabovetheground.Untiltheendofthenineteenthcentury,themovementofwaterintreesandothertallplantswasamystery.Somebotanistshypothesizedthatthelivingcellsofplantsactedaspump.Butmanyexperimentsdemonstratedthatthestemsofplantsinwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstillmovewatertoappreciableheights.Otherexplanationsforthemovementofwaterinplantshavebeenbasedonrootpressure,apushonthewaterfromtherootsatthebottomoftheplant.Butrootpressureisnotnearlygreatenoughtopushwatertothetopsoftalltrees.Furthermore,theconifers,whichareamongthetallesttrees,haveunusuallylowrootpressures.

IfWaterisnotpumpedtothetopofatalltree,andifitisnotpushedtothetopofatalltree,thenwemayask:Howdoesitgetthere?Accordingtothecurrentlyacceptedcohesion-tensiontheory,waterispulledthere.Thepullonarisingcolumnofwaterinaplantresultsfromtheevaporationofwateratthetopoftheplant.Aswaterislostfromthesurfaceoftheleaves,anegativepressure,ortension,iscreated.Theevaporatedwaterisreplacedbywatermovingfrominsidetheplantinunbrokencolumnsthatextendfromthetopofaplanttoitsroots.Thesameforcesthatcreatesurfacetensioninanysampleofwaterareresponsibleforthemaintenanceoftheseunbrokencolumnsofwater.Whenwaterisconfinedintubesofverysmallbore,theforcesofcohesion(theattractionbetweenwatermolecules)aresogreatthatthestrengthofacolumnofwatercompareswiththestrengthofasteelwireofthesamediameter.Thiscohesivestrengthpermitscolumnsofwatertobepulledtogreatheightswithoutbeingbroken.

1.Thepassageanswerswhichofthefollowingquestions?

2.Whatdothefirstexperimentsmentionedinparagraphoneprove?

3.Howdobotanistsknowthatrootpressureisnottheonlyforcethatmoveswaterinplants'?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport?

問題1選項

A.Whatistheeffectofatmospherepressureonfoliage?

B.Whendodeadcellsharmplantgrowth?

C.Howdoeswatergettothetopsoftrees?

D.Whyisrootpressureweak?

問題2選項

A.Plantstemsdiewhendeprivedofwater

B.Cellsinplantstemsdonotpumpwater

C.Plantscannotmovewatertohighaltitudes

D.Plantcellsregulatepressurewithinstems

問題3選項

A.Someverytalltreeshaveweakrootpressure

B.Rootpressuresdecreaseinwinter.

C.Plantscanliveaftertheirrootsdie.

D.Waterinplant’srootsisnotconnectedtowaterinitsstem.

問題4選項

A.Waterispushedtothetopsoftrees

B.Botanistshaveproventhatlivingcellsactaspumps

C.Atmosphericpressuredrawswatertothetopsoftalltrees

D.Botanistshavechangedtheirtheoriesofhowwatermovesinplants

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘這篇文章回答了下列哪個問題?’根據(jù)第二段第一句中“IfWaterisnotpumpedtothetopofatalltree,andifitisnotpushedtothetopofatalltree,thenwemayask:Howdoesitgetthere?如果水不是被泵到高樹的樹頂，也不是被推到樹頂，那么我們會問：它是怎樣到達樹頂?shù)哪?？”以及第二段第二句‘Accordingtothecurrentlyacceptedcohesion-tensiontheory,waterispulledthere.’最近公認的內(nèi)聚壓力理論解答了“水移動到樹頂端的原因?！贝_定C選項“水如何到達樹的頂端”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題目提問‘第一段中提到的第一個實驗證明了什么?’根據(jù)第一段中“Butmanyexperimentsdemonstratedthatthestemsofplants,inwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstillmovewatertoappreciableheights.但許多實驗表明，在殺死所有細胞的植物莖干中，水仍然可以移動到相當高的高度?！贝_定B選項“植物的莖的細胞不能抽水”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問‘植物學家是如何知道根壓并不是推動植物水分流動的唯一力量的?’根據(jù)第一段中“Butrootpressureisnotnearlygreatenoughtopushwatertothetopsoftalltrees.Furthermore,theconifers,whichareamongthetallesttrees,haveunusuallylowrootpressures.但根壓完全不足以將水推到樹頂。此外，作為最高樹木之一的針葉樹，其根壓也低得異乎尋常?！贝_定A選項“一些非常高的樹木有微弱的壓力”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題目提問‘這篇文章支持下列哪個陳述?’根據(jù)第二段中“Accordingtothecurrentlyacceptedcohesion-tensiontheory,waterispulledthere.根據(jù)目前為人們所接受的內(nèi)聚壓力的理論，水是被拉到上面去的?！贝_定D選項“植物學家已經(jīng)改變他們有關水在植物中移動的理論”正確；也由此知A選項“水是被推到樹的頂端的”和C選項“大氣壓力把水吸到高大樹木的頂端”不正確，排除；根據(jù)第一段中“Butmanyexperimentsdemonstratedthatthestemsofplants,inwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstillmovewatertoappreciableheights.但許多實驗表明，在殺死所有細胞的植物莖干中，水仍然可以移動到相當高的高度?！贝_定B選項“植物學家己經(jīng)證明活細胞能充當泵”不正確。

2.單選題

Theappearanceoftheusedcaris（）,it’smuchnewerthanitreallyis.

問題1選項

A.descriptive

B.indicative

C.deceptive

D.impressive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項descriptive“描述的，敘述的”；B選項indicative“指示的，預示的”；C選項deceptive“欺騙性的”；D選項impressive“令人印象深刻的”，句意：這輛舊車的外觀具有迷惑性，轎車比實際的樣子新得多，所以選C。

3.單選題

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

）,thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

問題1選項

A.diverting

B.whimsical

C.didactic

D.deceitful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。diverting有趣的，令人快樂的；whimsical古怪的，異想天開的；didactic說教的，教誨的；deceitful欺詐的。句意：盡管趨勢是明顯的說教，但是中世紀的詩歌經(jīng)常激發(fā)人們想象力，提供生動的樂趣以及虔誠的感情。由despite及下文可知空格處所填的單詞與后文意思相反。

4.單選題

Indigitalelectronics,signalsarebrokendownintothousands,maybemillions,（）,whichareencodedaszerosandones.

問題1選項

A.ofinformation

B.ofbitsofinformation

C.oflittleinformation

D.ofmuchinformation

【答案】B

【解析】考查單復數(shù)。information“信息，消息，資料；情報”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式，也不能在前面加“a”。如果“一則消息”可以說apieceofinformation，“許多信息”是manypiecesofinformation。bitofinformation是固定搭配，指“信息單位，信息比特”，例句：Asitiscapableofholdingasinglebitofinformationatanyinstant.（因為它是一座能夠容納一個單一的信息比特，在任何瞬間。）句意：在數(shù)字電子學中，信號被分解成數(shù)千、甚至數(shù)百萬個信息比特，這些比特被編碼為0和1。故本題的正確答案是B選項。

5.單選題

Theyplanto（

）therun-downhouseinayear’stime.

問題1選項

A.revive

B.renovate

C.replace

D.remove

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。revive意為“復興，復蘇，重新使用”；renovate意為“翻新，修復，整修”；replace意為“替換”；remove意為“開除”。

句意：他們計劃一年時間內(nèi)修復這棟破舊的房子。

6.單選題

Americawillneveragainhaveasanationthespiritofadventureasit（）beforetheWestwassettled.

問題1選項

A.could

B.was

C.would

D.did

【答案】D

【解析】考查助動詞替代。題干中的as作為連詞，引導方式狀語從句，意為“像……一樣”。根據(jù)平行結構原則，從句中應填入實義動詞had，但主句中已有了一個have，為了避免重復，可用助動詞did代替had，例如：StudyasLenindid(did用來代替studied)．像列寧那樣學習。因此D選項正確。

7.單選題

FinallythedirtroadinMainewasleadinghome.Thetiretouchedthefirstprofanityofpavement,andsubtlymyvacationbeganslippingaway.

BythefirstFinallythedirtroadinMainewasleadinghome.Thetiretouchedthefirstprofanityofpavement,tollboothmystateofmindhadshiftedfromneutraltofirstgear.BythetimeIhadpassedallmyfavoritelandmarks,thesigntoBiddeford,thebridgelabeledCatMousamRoad—Ihadslowlyandreluctantlybeguntorelocatemysenseofplace,mysenseofvalues.

Iwasgoingback,tolistsandalarmclocksandstockingsandschoollunchesandalltheexternalpressuresofthelifeknownascivilization.IwasgoingbacktothingsIhadtodo.

Thistimeeventheskiesdividedthesetwohalvesofmylife.AlongRoute95,acurtainofalmostimpenetrablerainseparatedoneworldfromtheother.Thedaybefore,thisrainontheroofofthehousewouldhavebeenacomfortingboundarytotheday,apredictionofreadingandfires.Now,therainonthewindshieldofthecarwasahassle,achallengetoovercome.

Iturneduptheradio,soIcouldhearthefinalinstallmentofJaneEyreoverthepeltingrain,andthoughtaboutthesedifferentrhythmsthatmarkmyownlife,markofourlives.LeftbehindwasaworldinwhichIsimplylivedaccordingtoitspatterns.AheadofmewastheworldofagendasandproblemsthatIwasexpectedtoencounterandresolve.

Wasitcountryversuscity?Leisureversuswork?Natureversushumanenvironment?Bothandneither.Vacationisastateofmindasmuchasastateofunion.

FortwoandhalfweeksinMainIwatchedthesky,thecove,thecormorantsandaseagullwiththegalltostealchickenoffourbarbecue.IamtoldthatIbecameanaccomplishedmudwatcher,sittingontheporch,watchingthebottomofthecoveoflowtideforhours.IpridedmyselfondevelopingahobbyrarelylistedinWho'sWho,Ibecameafinestick-in-the-mud.

Tome,anurbanwomanwholivesmuchofherlifeaccordingtootherpeople'sdeadlinesanddemands,thiswasachancetoliterallyvacatetheworldofschedulesandstruggles.

Ididnot,donot,usemyvacationtoclimbmountains,shootrapidsorfulfillitinerariesofsometravelagent.Ipreferredtodriftalongrayinclinationdownthroughthecircleofgoalstothemudofacceptance.

Iwascontentwiththeharmonywecalldoingnothing.Therewasasenseoflettinggotbeingateasewithtimeratherthanatoddswithit,Iwallowedintheunder-standingthattherewasnothingthathadtobedonebeyondwatchingtheclothesdryandcastingformackerel.

ButIwasalsoreturning.Returningtotheenergy,thestructure,thedemands,thepressure,Ialsochoseengagement.

Thereare,Isuppose,thesetwosidestoallofus.Thesidethatwallowslikeanyriserorganismintheworld,andtheothersidethatseekssomepurpose"above"that.Thesidethatfeelsmostcontentinnature,andtheothersidethatfeelsmoreenergized"ontopoftheworld."

Iamawareofthisduality,theurgetowatchthemud,theurgetobuildsomethingoutofit.Ourpeculiarhumancreativitydoesn'tcomefromharmonybutfromwrestlingwithchaosaswell.Everypoemandeverybuildingwaswrestedoutofmaterialbypeoplewhorefusedtoacceptthingsastheywere.

Toooftenweworkbyclocksinsteadofsunsetsandbecomemoreattunedtoairconditioningthantheconditionoftheair.Butthereisalsoinallthisthechallengeandenergyandpleasureofaccomplishment.

Atonetime,Ithoughttheseworldswereatodds,thatwehadtochooseengagementordisengagement,acceptingoraccomplishment,watchingthemudorbuildingwithit.

Buttravelingthiskindofroadagainandagain,Irealizedthattheyarejusttwodestinations,pointsalongapathofdirtandpavement.Nowitisthetensionthatintriguesme.Thesearchforabalancebetweencomfortandpurposefulness,betweenacceptingthingsandstrugglingwiththem.

Drivinghome,Iwasreluctanttoleaveonefortheother,reluctanttoputonmycityclothesofpurposeandstructure.ButIknewthatIwasluckytobeacommuter.

36.Inthefirstfewparagraphstheauthor（）.

37.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewaytheauthorspendshervacation?

38.Allofthefollowingsignifytheauthor'stwodifferentworldsEXCEPT（）

39.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（）.

40.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablymeanwhenshesaysshewasluckytobeacommuter?

問題1選項

A.reflectedonhervacation

B.mentallyswitchedvacationtocitylife

C.marveledatwhatcitylifecouldoffer

D.reconciledcountrylifewithcitylife

問題2選項

A.Hastily.

B.Creatively.

C.Restlessly.

D.Relaxedly.

問題3選項

A.thefinalinstilmentofJaneEyreandthepeltingrain(para.5)

B.feelingcontentinnatureandfeelingmoreenergized“ontopoftheworld"(para.12)

C.peculiarhumancreativityandwrestlingwithchaos(para.13)

D.comfortandpurposefulness(para.16)

問題4選項

A.theauthoroftentakesvacation

B.theauthor'shometownisinMaine

C.theauthorhatesskyscrapers

D.theauthorhatestravelingonarainyday

問題5選項

A.Shewasabletochooseengagementordisengagement.

B.ShewasabletomoveherhometoMaineinthefuture.

C.Shewasabletostrikeabalancebetweennaturallifeandhumanlife.

D.Shewasabletochooseonelifeovertheother.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】36.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“firstfewparagraphs”可將信息點定位至原文開篇前幾段。根據(jù)“l(fā)eadinghome”“myvacationbeganslippingaway”“Iwasgoingback…”即可得出本題答案。

37.

觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“thewaytheauthorspendshervacation”，本題設問是作者對其假期的態(tài)度。根據(jù)原文第七段作者對其假期生活的詳細描述以及“achancetoliterallyvacatetheworldofschedulesandstruggles.”“asenseoflettinggotbeingateasewithtime”等，即可得出本題答案。

38.

細節(jié)推斷題。作者在文中多次提到了城市生活和假期生活“兩個世界”的對比，注意題干關鍵詞“except”，選項C并未體現(xiàn)出兩者的對比。從而得出本題答案。

39.事實推斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段最后一句“ButIknewthatIwasluckytobeacommuter.”中的“commuter”指的是來往“work”和“vacation”。即可進行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

40.

細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞，可將信息點定位至原文最后一段。根據(jù)“reluctanttoleaveonefortheother”可知作者認為假期生活與城市生活同等重要，要保持二者的平衡。從而得出本題答案。

8.不定項選擇題

AttackinganincreasinglypopularInternetbusinesspractice,aconsumerwatchdoggroupMondayfiledacomplaintwiththeFederalTradeCommission,assertingthatmanyonlinesearchenginesareconcealingtheimpactspecialfeeshaveonsearchresultsbyInternetusers.CommercialAlert,a3-year-oldgroupfoundedbyconsumeractivistRalphNader,askedtheFTCtoinvestigatewhethereightoftheWeb’slargestsearchenginesareviolatingfederallawsagainstdeceptiveadvertising.

ThegroupsaidthatthesearchenginesareabandoningobjectiveformulastodeterminetheorderoftheirlistedresultsandsellingthetopspotstothehighestbidderswithoutmakingadequatedisclosurestoWebsurfers.Thecomplainttouchesahot-buttonissueaffectingtensofmillionsofpeoplewhosubmitsearchquerieseachday.Withmorethan2billionpagesandmorethan14billionhyperlinksontheWeb,searchrequestsrankasthesecondmostpopularonlineactivityafterE-mail.

TheeightsearchenginesnamedinCommercialAlert’scomplaintare:MSN,ownedbyMicrosoft;Netscape,ownedbyAOLTimeWarner;Directhit,ownedbyAskJeeves;HotBotandLycos,bothownedbyTerraLycos;Altavista,ownedbyCMGI;LookSmart,ownedbyLookSmart;andiWon,ownedbyaprivatelyheldcompanyoperatingunderthesamename.Portland,Ore.-basedCommercialAlertcouldhavenamedmoresearchenginesinitscomplaint,butfocusedonthebiggestsitesthatareauctioningoffspotsintheirresults,saidGaryRuskin,thegroup’sexecutivedirector.“Searchengineshavebecomecentralinthequestforlearningandknowledgeinoursociety.Theabilitytoskew(扭曲）theresultsinfavorofhucksters(小販）withouttellingconsumersisaseriousproblem.”Ruskinsaid.BylateMondayafternoon,threeofthesearchengineshadrespondedtoTheAssociatedPressinquiriesaboutthecomplaint.Two,LookSmartandAltaVista,deniedthecharges.MicrosoftspokesmanMattPillasaidMSNisdelivering“compellingsearchresultsthatpeoplewant.”

TheFTChadnocommentaboutthecomplaintMonday.Thecomplainttakesaimatthenewbusinessplansembracedbymoresearchenginesastheytrytocashinontheirpivotal(關鍵)roleasWebguidesandreverseasteadystreamoflosses.Toboostrevenue,searchenginesinthepastyearhavebeenacceptingpaymentsfrombusinessesinterestedinreceivingahigherrankingincertaincategoriesorensuringthattheirsitesarereviewedmorefrequently.

51.Theconsumergroupcomplainedabout（）.

52.（）isthemostpopularactivityonline.

53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacorrectstatement?

54.AllthefollowingshareonesimilarityEXCEPT（）.

55.Theprimaryaimofsomecompanies’sponsoringthesearchenginesisto（）.

問題1選項

A.specialfeesthatInternetuserswerecharged

B.FederalTradeCommission

C.CommercialAlert

D.onlinesearchengines

問題2選項

A.Sendingpagesofinformation

B.SendingE-mail

C.Surfingthenet

D.Sellingthetopspot

問題3選項

A.TherearetoomanypagesorhyperlinksontheInternet,sopeopleusuallyusesearchenginetofindacertainsite.

B.Morethan8searchenginesareaccusedofsellingtheirsearchenginespotsbyCommercialAlert.

C.TheheadquartersofCommercialAlertisinPortlandOregon.

D.ThesearchenginesareWebguides.

問題4選項

A.LookSmart

B.CMGI

C.Altavista

D.Microsoft

問題5選項

A.cashinontheirimportantroleasWebguides

B.boosttheiravenue

C.reverseaseriesoflosses

D.havetheirsitesvisitedbytheinternetusersmore

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】51.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)問題中的complain一詞定位到第一段第二行filedacomplaintwiththeFederalTradeCommission,assertingthatmanyonlinesearchenginesareconcealingtheimpactspecialfeeshaveonsearchresultsbyInternetusersassertingthatmanyonlinesearchenginesareconcealingtheimpactspecialfeeshaveonsearchresultsbyInternetusers.（向聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易局投訴，許多在線搜索引擎都在隱瞞特別費用對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶搜索結果的影響），可知這個機構是抱怨用戶被收取了特殊費用費，所以只有A項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶收取的特殊費用”正確。B項“聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會”是申訴機構；C項“商業(yè)警報”根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，這是一個消費者維權組織，故排除C；D項“在線搜索引擎”不夠全面，應該指出具體事項。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。文章二段最后一句searchrequestsrankasthesecondmostpopularonlineactivityafterE-mail。（搜索的需求是網(wǎng)上僅次于E-mail的第二大受歡迎的活動），可知網(wǎng)上最受歡迎的活動是收發(fā)E-mail。A項“發(fā)送信息頁”；C項“上網(wǎng)”；D項“銷售第一”在文中都未提及且不符合題意，故錯誤。

53.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。第三段開頭TheeightsearchenginesnamedinCommercialAlert’scomplaintare…（商業(yè)警報投訴中提到的八個搜索引擎是……），后文接著具體列舉了這八種搜索引擎，B項“超過八個”是不正確的。A項定位到第二段最后一句Withmorethan2billionpagesandmorethan14billionhyperlinksontheWeb（在網(wǎng)上有超過20億個網(wǎng)頁和超過140億個超鏈接）可知A項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上有太多的網(wǎng)頁或超鏈接，所以人們通常使用搜索引擎來查找某個網(wǎng)站”正確；C項定位第三段第四行Portland,Ore.-basedCommercialAlertcouldhavenamedmoresearchenginesinitscomplaint,butfocusedonthebiggestsites…（位于俄勒岡州波特蘭市的《商業(yè)警報》本可以在投訴中提及更多搜索引擎，但重點放在最大的網(wǎng)站上……）可知C項“商業(yè)警報總部在俄勒岡州波特蘭”正確；D項定位到最后一段第二句moresearchenginesastheytrytocashinontheirpivotalroleasWebguidesandreverseasteadystreamoflosses.（越來越多的搜索引擎試圖利用其作為網(wǎng)絡向導的關鍵作用，扭轉持續(xù)不斷的虧損）可知D項“搜索引擎是網(wǎng)絡指南”正確。

54.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。定位到文章的第三段，看看文章中含的選項的這幾個詞，A、B、D從第三段可知都是擁有搜索引擎的公司的名字，只有C是CMGI公司所擁有的搜索引擎的名字，所以A、B、D都是公司，而C是搜索引擎，故C與其他不同。

55.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題目問一些公司贊助搜索引擎的主要目的是什么。文章的最后一句是Toboostrevenue,searchenginesinthepastyearhavebeenacceptingpaymentsfrombusinessesinterestedinreceivingahigherrankingincertaincategoriesorensuringthattheirsitesarereviewedmorefrequently.（為了增加收入，搜索引擎在過去幾年里接受了一些公司的資助，這些都是想在同類中提高地位或者愿意使網(wǎng)站被人們經(jīng)常瀏覽的公司）。所以說資助搜索引擎的公司的目的就是讓自己的網(wǎng)站被上網(wǎng)者多多瀏覽），所以答案是D項“讓他們的網(wǎng)站更受網(wǎng)民的訪問”。A項“充分發(fā)揮他們作為網(wǎng)絡向導的重要作用”；B項“促進他們的發(fā)展”；C項“扭轉一系列損失”，均不符合題意。

9.單選題

Thestoryistoldthatinthe,medievalUniversityofParistheprofessorsweredisputingaboutthenumberofteethinahorse’smouth.Theyagreedthatthenumbercouldnotbeamultipleofthree,forthatwouldbeanoffensetotheTrinity;norcoulditbeamultipleaseven.NeithertherecordsofAristotlenortheargumentsofStThomasenabledthemtosolvetheproblem.Thenashockingthinghappened.Astudentwhohadbeenlisteningthediscussionwentout,openedahorsedmouthandcountedtheteeth.

Iwanttodrawtwoconclusionsfromthisparable.Thefirstisthatourpresentperplexitiesaboutuniversitiesderivefromtheactofthismedievalstudent.Hesymbolizesthebeginningofobjectiveinquiry,therevoltagainstauthority,theempiricalattitude,thelinkingofacademicstudywiththefactsoflife.Hisactintroducedresearchintotheuniversity.Afterthehorse'smouthwasopenedknowledgebecameanopensystem.Thesecond-conclusionisthatwemustthinktwicebeforewebecomenostalgicaboutthetraditionaluniversityideal.Noteverythingaboutthetraditionaluniversityisworthpreserving.Themedievaluniversitywashostiletowhatwenowcallacademicfreedom.Tostayoutsidethecorpusacademicismsetbookseventointerprettheminnovelwayswastocourtheresy.Thetraditionaluniversitywasnotmuchinterestedindiscovery:itwaspreoccupiedwithtransmissionofacrystallizedculture.Itwasatcertainperiodsnoteveninterestedinknowledgeforitsownsake.Manyscholarspursuedknowledge.Ifnorforprefermentthenasameansofspiritualandintellectualhealth,justasamanplays,golfnotforthesakeofgolfbuttokeepdownweight.

Iwanttofollowthesetwolinesofthoughtbyraisingthreequestion.Thefirstiswhatdowewanttoperpetuatefromtheuniversity'slongtradition?What,inotherwords,isthecontentofourloyaltytotheuniversityideal?Secondlywhatobligationsdoestheuniversityhave—_whatloyaltiesoughtittofoster—towardscontemporarysociety?Andthirdly,whataretheprospectsthatthesetwoloyalties—onetoatraditionaluniversityidealtheothertothesocietyinwhichwelivecanbereconciled?

1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses（

）.

2.Theauthorusestheparabletoshowthat（

）.

3.Thepassagestatesthat（

）.

4.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreewith（

）.

5.Theword“novel”inparagraph2isasynonymto（

）.

6.Itcouldbeinferredthattheauthormentionsallthefollowingexcept（

）.

問題1選項

A.themostimportantfunctionofauniversity

B.thedifferencesbetweenmodernandmedievaluniversities

C.thecontentoftheuniversityideal

D.theauthor'sopiniononeducation

問題2選項

A.scientificresearchshouldbebasedonfact

B.thetraditionaluniversityidealisacceptable

C.oneshouldalwaysobserveanimalscarefully

D.onemustlistencarefullytowhatotherssay

問題3選項

A.Therelationshipbetweenteacherandstudentisverysimple

B.Manyscholarspursueknowledgeforspiritualandintellectualhealth

C.Therealizationoftheuniversityidealdependsonseveralimportantfactors

D.Theuniversity'slongtraditionalispreferredbymanyscholars

問題4選項

A.Theoriesmustbecombinedwithpractice.

B.Scienceisnotrelatedtoimaginations

C.Theteachingenvironmentisthemostimportantinachievingtheuniversityideal

D.Themedievaluniversityhadlittlemerits.

問題5選項

A.clever

B.brave

C.new

D.interesting

問題6選項

A.thetraditionalteachingmethods

B.objectiveinquiry

C.thelinkingofacademicstudywiththefactsoflife

D.revoltagainstauthority

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。作者通過寓言引出傳統(tǒng)教育理念，并對此做出兩個結論：第一，我們目前對大學的困惑源于這位中世紀學生的行為，即客觀探究、反抗權威等；第二，對傳統(tǒng)大學理念要三思后再考慮踐行。最后，作者提出三個疑問，一是我們應該延續(xù)傳統(tǒng)大學的什么內(nèi)容？大學有什么義務？這兩種忠誠（一種是對傳統(tǒng)大學理想的忠誠，另一種是對社會的忠誠）的前景是什么？這些內(nèi)容都是和教育有關，因此答案為D選項“作者對教育的看法”。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中“Iwanttodrawtwoconclusionsfromthisparable.”，中文翻譯為我想從這個寓言中得出兩個結論。以及后文“Thefirstisthatourpresentperplexitiesaboutuniversitiesderivefromtheactofthismedievalstudent.Hesymbolizesthebeginningofobjectiveinquiry,therevoltagainstauthority,theempiricalattitude,thelinkingofacademicstudywiththefactsoflife.Hisactintroducedresearchintotheuniversity.”，中文翻譯為：第一，我們現(xiàn)在對大學的困惑源于這個中世紀學生的行為。他象征著客觀探究的開始、對權威的反抗、經(jīng)驗主義的態(tài)度、學術研究與生活事實的聯(lián)系。他的行為把研究引入了大學。和“Thesecond-conclusionisthatwemustthinktwicebeforewebecomenostalgicaboutthetraditionaluniversityideal…”，中文翻譯為：第二個結論是，在我們對傳統(tǒng)的大學理想產(chǎn)生懷舊情緒之前，我們必須三思而后行?？梢缘弥狟選項“傳統(tǒng)大學教育理想是可以接受的”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中“Thesecond-conclusionisthatwemustthinktwicebeforewebecomenostalgicaboutthetraditionaluniversityideal.”，中文翻譯為：第二個結論是，在我們對傳統(tǒng)的大學理想產(chǎn)生懷舊情緒之前，我們必須三思而后行。因此，C選項“大學理想的實現(xiàn)取決于很多重要因素”最符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由A項可以定位到文章第二段，第二段談及“寓言中學生的行為象征著客觀探究的開始，對權威的反抗，經(jīng)驗主義的態(tài)度，學術研究與現(xiàn)實生活的聯(lián)系?！眲t排除A選項；B選項在文章內(nèi)沒有提及；由C選項“教學環(huán)境是實現(xiàn)大學理想的重中之重”可以定位到文章第二段中“Themedievaluniversitywashostiletowhatwenowcallacademicfreedom…Thetraditionaluniversitywasnotmuchinterestedindiscovery:itwaspreoccupiedwithtransmissionofacrystallizedculture.Itwasatcertainperiodsnoteveninterestedinknowledgeforitsownsake.Manyscholarspursuedknowledge.”，中文翻譯為：中世紀的大學敵視我們現(xiàn)在所說的學術自由……傳統(tǒng)大學對發(fā)現(xiàn)不太感興趣：它專注于固定文化的傳播。在某些時期，它甚至對知識本身不感興趣。許多學者追求知識。判斷C選項正確；由D項可以定位到文章中“Noteverythingaboutthetraditionaluniversityisworthpreserving.”，中文翻譯為：傳統(tǒng)大學中不是所有東西都值得保留。以及文章提及在對傳統(tǒng)大學理想產(chǎn)生懷舊情緒之前需要三思，判斷出D項錯誤。故C為正確答案。

5.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“novel”可以定位到第二段中“Noteverythingaboutthetraditionaluniversityisworthpreserving.Themedievaluniversitywashostiletowhatwenowcallacademicfreedom.Tostayoutsidethecorpusacademicismsetbookseventointerprettheminnovelwayswastocourtheresy.Thetraditionaluniversitywasnotmuchinterestedindiscovery:itwaspreoccupiedwithtransmissionofacrystallizedculture.”，中文翻譯為：并不是所有的傳統(tǒng)大學都值得保留。中世紀的大學敵視我們現(xiàn)在所說的學術自由。置身于學術文集之外，甚至以新穎的方式解讀書籍，都是在招惹異端。傳統(tǒng)大學對發(fā)現(xiàn)不太感興趣：它專注于固定文化的傳播。可以得知C項“新的”最為符合。

6.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中“Hesymbolizesthebeginningofobjectiveinquiry,therevoltagainstauthority,theempiricalattitude,thelinkingofacademicstudywiththefactsoflife.”，中文翻譯為：他象征著客觀探究的開始，對權威的反抗，經(jīng)驗主義的態(tài)度，學術研究與現(xiàn)實生活的聯(lián)系。因此只有A選項沒有提及，符合題意。

10.單選題

MargaretMead'sreputationwasestablishedwiththepublicationofherfirstbookin1982andwas（）byhermanysubsequentcontributionstoanthropology.

問題1選項

A.hardened

B.enhanced

C.separated

D.judged

【答案】B

【解析】hardened堅定；enhanced提高，加強；separated分離；judged判斷。句意：MargaretMead在1982年出版了她的第一本書，從而建立起了聲譽，后來她對人類學的許多貢獻又進一步提高了她的聲譽。選項B符合句意。

11.單選題

Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderobjectivelyselectedfacts;Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovideinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.

However,theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshouldconfinethemselves（1）the"facts":Thisinsistence

（2）twoquestions:Whatarethefacts?Arethebarefactsenough?

Astothefirstquestion,considerhowaso-called"factual"storycomesabout.Thereportercollects

（3）

fiftyfacts;outofthesefiftyhisspace（4）

beingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsten

（5）

heconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshall

（6）

theleadofthepiece.(Thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonot

（7）

eyondthefirstparagraph.)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeimpact,

（8）

onpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.

Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called"factual"or"objective"story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlike

（9）

involvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,calling

（10）

theirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralism"arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.

問題1選項

A.with

B.by

C.through

D.to

問題2選項

A.raises

B.rises

C.arises

D.rouses

問題3選項

A.speak

B.state

C.remark

D.say

問題4選項

A.agreement

B.assignment

C.allotment

D.arrangement

問題5選項

A.what

B.which

C.how

D.whether

問題6選項

A.determine

B.involve

C.constitute

D.organize

問題7選項

A.progress

B.prolong

C.prospect

D.proceed

問題8選項

A.rather

B.than

C.or

D.instead

問題9選項

A.that

B.this

C.these

D.those

問題10選項

A.up

B.off

C.upon

D.for

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。confinesb.to“將某人限定在…內(nèi)”，答案D

第2題:考查固定搭配。此空意為提出問題raisequestions，答案A

第3題:考查動詞辨析。say做副詞用，前后用逗號隔開，表示“大約、例如”，答案D

第4題:考查名詞辨析。agreement協(xié)議；arrangement安排；assignment分派指定的任務；allotment分配、配發(fā)。由上下文可知此空意為“分配”，答案C

第5題:考查連詞辨析。此處由which引導定語從句，答案B

第6題:考查動詞辨析。determine決定、下決心；involve包含、牽涉；constitute組成，構成；organize組織。句意：編輯要從這十個事實選一個構成總領。答案C

第7題:考查動詞辨析。progress進步；prolong延長；prospect勘探；proceed繼續(xù)進行。句意：讀者不會繼續(xù)再讀下一段。答案D

第8題:考查固定搭配。whether…or…“不管…還是…”

第9題:考查代詞辨析。those指代judgments

第10題:考查詞組辨析。callu