考研考博-英語-云南藝術(shù)學院文華學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南藝術(shù)學院文華學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Inthe______oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.

問題1選項

A.face

B.time

C.event

D.course

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項inthefaceof“面對”；B選項inthetimeof“在……時間段”；C選項intheeventof“萬一，倘若”；D選項inthecourseof“在……過程中”。句意：______項目不成功，投資者將損失高達3000萬美元。根據(jù)語境，這里指項目失敗的結(jié)果是損失3000萬美金，C選項intheeventof“萬一，倘若”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Itishardtotellwhetherwearegoingtohaveaboomintheeconomyora（

）.

問題1選項

A.concession

B.submission

C.transmission

D.recession

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項concession“讓步，妥協(xié)”；B選項submission“屈服，投降，歸順”；C選項transmission“傳遞，傳播”；D選項recession“經(jīng)濟衰退，經(jīng)濟萎縮”。由whether...or...（是……還是……）可知空格處與boom（繁榮）所表示的意思相反，因此選D。句意：很難判斷我們將迎來經(jīng)濟的繁榮還是衰退。

3.單選題

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Buttheoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamebeginningwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarhasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman.Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush’spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChrtienandKoizumi).Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld’sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Alien,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybycoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

2.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

3.Thefourthparagraphsuggeststhat（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Para.5)?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Akindofoverlookinequality.

B.Atypeofconspicuousbias.

C.Atypeofpersonalprejudice.

D.Akindofbranddiscrimination.

問題2選項

A.InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess.

B.ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman.

C.Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’names.

D.Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize.

問題3選項

A.questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B.alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

C.teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D.studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

問題4選項

A.Theyaregettingimpatient.

B.Theyarenoisilydozingoff.

C.Theyarefeelinghumiliated.

D.Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles.

問題5選項

A.PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated.

B.VIPsinthewesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism.

C.Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabtismstillhasalongwaytogo.

D.Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamebeginningwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.（對于那些尚未意識到這一劣勢的人來說，這是指對那些姓氏以字母表下半部分的字母開頭的人的歧視）可知A選項“一種被忽視的不公平”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段提出字母排序是一種隱藏的歧視；第二三段舉例說明字母排序的歧視，因此D選項“某種形式的歧視太微妙以至于無法識別”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第四段介紹了從入學開始，老師們就按姓氏首字母排序安排學生的座位，很少關(guān)注那些由于姓氏首字母靠后而經(jīng)常被安排在教室的后面，也很少向他們提問，因此C選項“老師們應該關(guān)注所有的學生”符合題意。

4.詞義題。由文章最后一段中的Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.（羞辱還在繼續(xù)。在大學畢業(yè)典禮上，ABC們自豪地獲得了他們的獎項；等輪到Zysman們的時候，大多數(shù)人實際上已經(jīng)ZZZ了）可在推測等輪到Zysman們領(lǐng)獎時，其他人由于等的時間太長，差不多都會睡著了。ZZZ表示“（擬聲）打鼾聲”，dozingoff表示“打瞌睡”，因此選B。

5.推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了字母排序所帶來的歧視，這種歧視是隱蔽的，是無意中導致的，因此D選項“按字母順序排列可能會導致無意的偏見”符合題意。

4.單選題

Althoughtheexaminationhepassedwasnotimportant,hissuccess_______himinhisambitiontobecomeadoctor.

問題1選項

A.persuaded

B.urged

C.convinced

D.encouraged

【答案】D

【解析】persuaded勸說；urged催促，慫恿；convinced使相信；encouraged激勵，鼓舞。句意：雖然這個考試并不重要，但他的成功極大地鼓舞了他想要成為一名醫(yī)生的理想。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DaysafterdaysmymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether—honesty,kindness,andsoon—accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw—and,ultimately,nosociety.

Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities—smallertowns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim:“Inthisfamilycertainthingarenottolerated—theysimplyarenotdone!”

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasgone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it’sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn’tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn’tprovideastablehome.

Idon’tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,webecomeasocietyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,______.

3.Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave______.

4.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat______.

5.Thekeypointofthepassageisthat______.

問題1選項

A.it’sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil

B.it’scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit

C.it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil

D.it’sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil

問題2選項

A.societyistobeheldresponsible

B.moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit

C.thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame

D.thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved

問題3選項

A.lessself-discipline

B.bettersenseofdiscipline

C.moremutualrespect

D.lesseffectivegovernment

問題4選項

A.peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals

B.peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards

C.today’ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty

D.peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities

問題5選項

A.stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies

B.moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow

C.morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople’sbehavior

D.morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.（一位智者曾經(jīng)說過，邪惡獲勝的唯一必要條件就是好人什么都不做。），通過閱讀全文進一步理解其深層含義，可以推斷出這句話暗示著：如果好人對邪惡坐視不管，那它就會盛行猖獗。因此B選項“如果好人不采取行動，邪惡肯定會占上風”正確。A選項“面對邪惡，好人沒有必要去做什么”，C選項“美德戰(zhàn)勝邪惡是很自然的事”，D選項“善良的人遠離邪惡是可取的”均不符合原文內(nèi)容，所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.（我們迫切需要更多的人相信，犯罪的人應該負責。），說明作者指出美國需要更多人認為罪犯實施犯罪行為的責任應歸咎于他自身。因此C選項“犯罪者本人應承擔相應的責任”正確。A選項“社會要負責任”，B選項“現(xiàn)代文明應對此負責”，D選項“應該提高生活水平”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,D錯誤。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到第六段第一句Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities—smallertowns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim（幸運的是，仍然有一些社區(qū)——通常是小城鎮(zhèn)——在那里，學校維持紀律，家長們堅持標準），接下來第七段第一句說到Y(jié)etmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.（然而，尤其是在大城市和市郊，這些內(nèi)在的約束正在越來越多地放松。），說明大城市的人比小城鎮(zhèn)的人自律性更差。因此A選項“自律性較差”正確。B選項“更好的紀律意識”，C選項“更多的相互尊重”，D選項“政府的效率較低”在文中均沒有提及，所以B,C,D錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第三段Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it’sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn’tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn’tprovideastablehome.（這種崩潰的主要原因是人們態(tài)度的根本轉(zhuǎn)變。30年前，如果犯罪發(fā)生了，社會被認為是受害者。現(xiàn)在有一個令人震驚的逆轉(zhuǎn)，罪犯會被認為是受害者：他貧困的成長環(huán)境，學校沒有教他讀書，沒有給他道德指導的教堂，沒有給他提供穩(wěn)定家庭的父母。），說明從前人們譴責的是罪犯，而現(xiàn)在則相反，人們認為罪犯是他不良成長環(huán)境的受害者，可知人們在寬恕罪犯。因此A選項“大城市的人們傾向于為罪犯開脫罪責”正確。B選項“小鎮(zhèn)里的人仍然堅持舊的紀律和標準”，由原文可知，作者認為小城鎮(zhèn)堅持舊的紀律和價值標準是好的，所以B錯誤。C選項“當今社會對處于困境的人缺乏同情心”，由原文可知，作者認為人們在寬恕罪犯正是由于公眾對罪犯給予了過多的同情，所以C錯誤。D選項“處境不利的人都在從事犯罪活動”，由原文可知，作者提到很多處在困境中的人并沒有犯罪，說明人并不是遇到逆境都會犯罪，犯罪是缺乏責任感的表現(xiàn)，所以D錯誤。

5.主旨大意題。文章圍繞accountability“問責”展開論述，并借當今社會人們?yōu)樽锓刚医杩谕泼撠熑蔚睦又赋鋈藗儜攲€人行為負責。因此D選項“更多的人應該接受問責的價值”最能體現(xiàn)文章主旨。A選項“在學校和家庭中應保持更嚴格的紀律性”，B選項“應該樹立更多的好榜樣供人們學習”，C選項“應該對人們的行為施加更多的限制”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯誤。

6.單選題

（

）foralongtime,thefieldsarealldriedup.

問題1選項

A.Therehasbeennorain

B.Havingnorain

C.Therehavingbeennorain

D.Therebeingnorain

【答案】C

【解析】句意:由于長時間沒下雨，所有的農(nóng)田都干涸了。

語法題。考查therebe的非限定性形式。題干后半部分已經(jīng)是完整句子,因此前半部分應該為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),即therebe的非限定形式在做狀語therebeing形式。而由題干關(guān)鍵詞foralongtime判斷此處應該用現(xiàn)在完成時。

7.單選題

WhenDickbegantotellabouthissummervacation,theteacher（

）him（

）,saying"Tellusthatanothertime."

問題1選項

A.cut...down

B.shut...out

C.cut...short

D.shut...off

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。cutdown意為“減少，砍倒”；shutout意為“把……關(guān)在門外，阻斷（念頭、情感等）”；cutshort意為“縮短，打斷”；shutoff意為“關(guān)閉，停止”。

句意：當Dick開始講述他的暑假時，教師打斷了他，說“下次告訴我們”。

8.問答題

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(緊縮)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmoredisastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingformachinery,seedandfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremainedconstant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,theFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

PresidentHoover’ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbyPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultofrestingsoilandproviding,flood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipleofsoilconservation.TheRooseveltAdministrationbelievedthatrebuildingthenation’ssoilwasthenationalinterestandwasnotsimplyaplantohelpfarmersattheexpenseofothercitizens.Laterthegovernmentguaranteedloanstofarmerssothattheycouldbuyfarmmachinery,hybrid(雜交)grain,andfertilizers.

1.WhatimpactdidthedecliningdemandforAmericanfarmproductshaveonAmericanfarmproducts?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatworsenedAmericanfarmers’financialsituationin1930s?

3.WhywastheFederalFarmBoardestablishedin1929?

4.WhatwasplannedintheAgriculturalAdjustmentActtoraisefarmprices?

5.WhywastheAgriculturalAdjustmentActdeclaredunconstitutional?

【答案】答：

1.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.

2.GreatDepression.

3.Toprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

4.Encouragedfarmersreducethescaleoftheproduction.

5.Thelawbenefitedfarmersattheexpenseofothers.

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“對美國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品需求的下降對美國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生了什么影響？”。文章第一段提到Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(緊縮)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.（隨著歐洲國家開始從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中恢復過來，并開始實施緊縮計劃以減少進口，20世紀20年代對美國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的需求下降了；結(jié)果是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格急劇下降），因此答案為Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices（結(jié)果是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格急劇下降）。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，是什么惡化了20世紀30年代美國農(nóng)民的財政狀況？”。第一段最后一句提到ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.（從1929年開始并延續(xù)到1939年的大蕭條使這些發(fā)展更加惡化），由此可知答案為GreatDepression（經(jīng)濟大蕭條）。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“為什么聯(lián)邦農(nóng)業(yè)委員會成立于1929年？”。第二段最后一句提到itrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.（代表了為農(nóng)民提供更大經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定性的第一個國家性的承諾），由此可知答案為Toprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers（為農(nóng)民提供更大的經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定性）。

4.推理判斷題。題干意思是“農(nóng)業(yè)調(diào)整法案中有什么提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格的計劃？”。第三段第三句和第四句提到ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.（這項法律賦予農(nóng)業(yè)部長權(quán)力，通過與農(nóng)民簽訂自愿協(xié)議減少產(chǎn)量，這些農(nóng)民得到報酬，不再使用他們的土地；故意的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品短缺是為了提高價格而計劃的），由此可知，通過與農(nóng)民簽訂自愿協(xié)議，給予農(nóng)民補貼減少土地使用權(quán)，降低農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量可以提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格；即縮小生產(chǎn)規(guī)模。因此答案為Encouragedfarmersreducethescaleoftheproduction（鼓勵農(nóng)民縮小生產(chǎn)規(guī)模）。

5.細節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“為什么《農(nóng)業(yè)調(diào)整法案》被宣布為違憲？”。第三段第五句提到ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.（最高法院宣布這項法律是違反憲法的，因為全民的稅收都被用來為一個特殊群體服務(wù)），由此可知，《農(nóng)業(yè)調(diào)整法案》被宣布為違憲是因為它以損害別人的利益來使農(nóng)民受益；故答案為Thelawbenefitedfarmersattheexpenseofothers（這項法律以損害他人利益為代價使農(nóng)民受益）。

9.單選題

Thesceneissobeautifulthatit（）mypowerofdescription.

問題1選項

A.transports

B.transfers

C.transcends

D.transforms

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項transport“運送”，B項transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”，C項transcend“勝過，超越”，D項transform“改變，轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意：這景色是如此美麗，我無法用語言來形容。根據(jù)句意，該題選C正確。

10.單選題

GraycloudsmoveaslowassmokeoverthetreetopsatLoloPass.Thegroundiswhite.ThedayisJune10.IthasbeensnowingforthepastfourdaysintheBitterrootMountains.WayneFairchildisgettingworriedaboutourtrekovertheLoloTrail—95milesfromLoloMontanatoWeippeinIdaho,acrosssomeoftheroughestcountryintheWest.LewisandClarkwerenearlydefeated200yearsagobysnowstormsontheLolo.TodayFairchildisnervouslycheckingtheweatherreports.Hehasagreedtotakemeacrossthetoughest,middlesectionofthetrail—“butwiththisweather?’’

WhenLewisclimbedatopLemhiPass,140milessouthofMissoula,onAug.12,1805,hewasastonishedbywhatwasinfrontofhim:“immenserangesofhighmountainsstilltotheWestofuswiththeirtopspartiallycoveredwithsnow”.NobodyinwhatwasthentheUSknewtheRockyMountainsexisted,withpeakstwiceashighasanythingintheAppalachiansbackEast.LewisandClarkweren’tmerelyoffthemap;theyweretravelingoutsidetheAmericanimagination.

Todaytheirpathwaythroughthosemountainsholdsmoreattractionthananyothergroundoverwhichtheytraveled,foritsrawwildernessisatestimonytothecharacteroftwocultures:theexplorerswhobraveditshardshipsandtheNative-Americanswhoprizeandconservethepathasasacredgift.ItremainstodayinvirtuallythesameconditionaswhenLewisandClarkwalkedit.

TheLoloispassableonlyfromJulytomid-September.Ourluckisholdingwiththeweather,althoughthesnowseepsgettingdeeper.AsweclimbtoIndianPostoffice,thehighestpointonthetrailat7,033ft.,thedriftsare15ft,andup.Wehavecovered12milesinsoftsnow,andwebarelyhaveenoughenergytomakedinner.Afteramealofchickenandcouscous,Isitonarockontopoftheridge.Thereisnolightvisibleinanydirection,notevenanothercampfire.Forfourdayswedonotseeanotherhumanbeing.Weareisolatedinawaythatmixesfearwithjoy.InourimaginationwehavefinallycaughtupwithLewisandClark.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethatbefore1805

（

）.

2.Judgingfromthecontext,theword“trek”(Line3,Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

3.WelearnfromthepassagethattheLoloPass

（

）.

4.Judgingfromthecontext.LewisandClarkweremostprobably

（

）.

5.WecaninferfromthepassagethatincrossingtheLoloPasstheauthor（

）.

問題1選項

A.noAmericansknewabouttheexistenceoftheRockyMountains

B.therewerenopeoplelivinginthewesternpartofAmerica

C.nooneeverimaginedgoingwesttothePacificOcean

D.theAppalachianswerethewesternfrontieroftheUnitesStates

問題2選項

A.alonelywalkinisolatedcountry

B.alonghardjourneyoverroughterrain

C.atoughclimbuphighmountains

D.ajourneyoverun-traveledpathways

問題3選項

A.remainsmuchasitwas200yearsago

B.haschangedalotsince1805

C.nowattractslargenumbersoftourists

D.isthemeetingpointoftwocultures

問題4選項

A.twonativeIndians

B.explorersoftheearly19thcentury

C.merchantswhodidbusinesswiththeIndians

D.travelerswhosecuriositytookthemovertheLoloPass

問題5選項

A.wasfollowingthetrailofLewisandClark

B.wastryingtosetaworldrecord

C.wasattemptingtheimpossible

D.wasgamblingwithweatherandtakingunnecessaryrisks

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的NobodyinwhatwasthentheUSknewtheRockyMountainsexisted（在當時的美國，沒有人知道落基山脈的存在）可知選A。

第2題:詞義題。由文章第一段中的IthasbeensnowingforthepastfourdaysintheBitterrootMountains.（過去四天里，Bitterroot山脈一直在下雪）WayneFairchildisgettingworriedaboutourtrekovertheLoloTrail可推測下雪天使爬山變得更加艱難，因此C選項“艱難的爬上高山”符合題意。trek表示“長途跋涉，艱難的旅程（尤指在山區(qū)）”。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句ItremainstodayinvirtuallythesameconditionaswhenLewisandClarkwalkedit.（如今它保持著與Lewis和Clark那時攀登上去一樣的條件）可知A選項“保持和200年前一樣”符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的WhenLewisclimbedatopLemhiPass,140milessouthofMissoula,onAug.12,1805（1805年8月12日，Lewis爬上米蘇拉以南140英里的LemhiPass）和第三段中的Todaytheirpathwaythroughthosemountainsholdsmoreattractionthananyothergroundoverwhichtheytraveled,foritsrawwildernessisatestimonytothecharacteroftwocultures:theexplorerswhobraveditshardships（今天，他們穿過這些山脈的路徑比他們所走過的任何其他地方都更具吸引力，因為原始的荒野證明了兩種文化的特征：勇于面對艱辛的探險家）可推測他們是19世紀早期的探險家，因此選B。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的最后一句InourimaginationwehavefinallycaughtupwithLewisandClark.（在我們的想象中，我們終于趕上了Lewis和Clark）可推測他們是在追尋Lewis和Clark的足跡，因此選A。

11.單選題

M:IsthereanythingIcandoforyou.Madam?

W:I’dliketoseesomelinen,please.

Q:Wherearethetwopeople?

問題1選項

A.Inasportsdepartment.

B.Inatextiledepartment.

C.Inahotel.

D.Inashoedepartment.

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)題目“l(fā)inen亞麻布”可知B選項‘紡織部’正確。

12.單選題

Theyarestillinthe（）stagebetweentheoldandnewgovernment.

問題1選項

A.transaction

B.transplanting

C.transitional

D.transforming

【答案】C

【解析】形近異義詞詞義辨析。transaction“交易”；transplanting“移植”；transitional“過渡期的”；transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”。句意：他們還處在新政府到舊政府的過渡期。選項C符合題意。

13.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto（

）theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問題1選項

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項suffice“使?jié)M足”；B選項necessitate“使成為必需”；C選項facilitate“促進，幫助”；D選項fabricate“偽造”。句意：應該建立完善的市場體系促進人才、資金和物資的流動。選項C符合句意。

14.單選題

）

of

thedeliveryportandshippingisavailableat

anytime.

問題1選項

A.garage

B.cabinet

C.capsule

D.warehouse

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。garage“車庫”；cabinet“櫥柜”；capsule“膠囊”；warehouse“倉庫”。句意：完成的產(chǎn)品都儲藏在一個交貨港的倉庫里，隨時都可以交貨。選項D符合題意。

15.單選題

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

問題1選項

A.contamination

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.configuration

【答案】B

【解析】句意:最近《科學》雜志上的一篇論文認為，巖石中的有機化合物主要來自于地球上的組成物質(zhì)，而非是火星上的細菌。

考查形近詞辨析。Contamination污染,污染物;constitution憲法,章程,構(gòu)造,組成物質(zhì);condemnation譴責,指責;configuration結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)造,格局。ratherthan連接空格跟“bacteriaonMars(火星上的細菌)”,因此空格處應該是“組成物質(zhì)”。

16.單選題

Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?Whyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthalone?Eightyearsago,whenBillClintonfirstranforpresident,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,5000,yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond,andnoonetalkedaboutthe“permanentboom”orthe“neweconomy”.Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof“notleavingasinglepersonbehind”.Itispossiblethatsimilar“compassionate”rhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.

Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsago,whenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertain,orinpreviouseras,whenthecountryfeltflush.Evenlastsummer,whenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkable,BobbyKenned-likepilgrimagethroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louis,theadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasa“newmarketsinitiative.”

Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit—agrowingeconomy—isbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedical,mentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution.“Theeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparation,anyabilitytocopewithmodemlife,”saysFranklinD.Raines,theformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMae.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutions,theytalkanalyticallyandlong-term;education,developmentofworkskills,shiftsinthelabormarket,adjustmentsinwelfarereform.

ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ItistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftoutIt’ssimpleinvisibility,becauseofincreasinggeographic,occupational,andsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheother’sview.

1.Inthispassage,thewordstraitenedmeans（）.

2.Inthispassage,thewordflushmeans（）.

3.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.

4.Whichstatementfromthepassageisanopinion?

5.Afterreadingthispassage,youcanconcludethat（）.

6.Theauthorstatesthatoneimportantreasonthatwedonottalkmuchaboutpovertyisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.difficult

B.wealthy

C.past

D.distant

問題2選項

A.poor

B.angry

C.rich

D.hardworking

問題3選項

A.Thecountryisenjoyingeconomicgrowth

B.Thepoorarebenefitingfromtoday’sgoodeconomy

C.Inthepastweweremoreawareofthepoorthanwearetoday.

D.Inthepastthereweremanymorepoorpeoplethantherearetoday.

問題4選項

A.Anotherforcehasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.

B.Clinton’stourwascalleda“newmarketsinitiative.”

C.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades.

D.Eightyearsago,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,5000,andyearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollars.

問題5選項

A.therelationshipbetweentherichandthepoorhaschanged

B.thegoodeconomywillsoonend

C.povertywillbeobliteratedasaresultofincreasedwealth

D.allpeoplebenefitfromgoodeconomicconditions

問題6選項

A.nooneknowswhattodoaboutit.

B.povertyreallyislowerthaninthepast

C.noonehasbeenleftoutofthecurrentboom

D.thepresidentisnotconcernedaboutthepoor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)原文可知，“inthatmorestraitenedtime”指的是上文提到的Clinton競選總統(tǒng)時期，道瓊斯指數(shù)不到3.5萬點，每年的政府預算赤字預計將一直處于數(shù)千億美元，甚至更高，沒有人談?wù)摗坝谰梅睒s”或“新經(jīng)濟”。由此可以推斷，這個時期是貧窮的，困難的，所以選項A正確。

2.詞匯題。根據(jù)第二段第一句，但令人吃驚的是，相對于八年前國家經(jīng)濟不穩(wěn)定的時候，現(xiàn)在人們談?wù)撠毨г掝}的次數(shù)越來越少，同樣地，在以前國家富裕的時候，人們談?wù)摰拇螖?shù)也少。由此可知，“flush”指的是“rich”,選項C正確。

3.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句