考研考博-英語-佛山科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-佛山科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.

1.Uponlearningofthisculturalpreference,Hallmarkreactedquickly.EventhoughChineseandJapanesedescendantsofRomeoandJulietarenowabletobuygreetingcardsintheirnativelanguage,HallmarkhasmadesurethesupplyofgreetingcardsinEnglishisplentiful.Thus,theircustomerscanachievebothadisplayoftheirhipcosmopolitanflair,whilealsosendingtheirsweetiethatall-importantmessageofloveatthesametime.

2.Englishasalinguafrancaisnothingmorethanausefultool:itisa“l(fā)anguageforcommunication”,amediumthatisgivensubstancewiththedifferentnational,regional,localandindividualculturalidentitiesitsspeakersbringtoit.Englishitselfdoesnotcarrysuchidentities,anditisnota“l(fā)anguageforidentification”.AndbecauseofthevarietyoffunctionalusesofglobalEnglish,Englishhasalsoagreatpotentialforpromotinginternationalunderstanding.Itsdifferentspeakersmustalwaysworkoutacommonbehaviouralandinterculturalbasis.

【答案】1.在了解到這一文化偏好之后，霍爾馬克公司快速做出了反應(yīng)。盡管“羅密歐與朱麗葉”的中國(guó)和日本后裔現(xiàn)在都能買到母語賀卡，但霍爾馬克公司同時(shí)確保了英語賀卡的供應(yīng)充足。這樣，他們的顧客既可以展示他們時(shí)尚的世界性眼光，同時(shí)也可以向他們的愛人傳達(dá)最重要的愛的信息。

2.作為一種通用語，英語只不過是一種有用的工具:它是一種“交流的語言”，是一種由其使用者賦予了不同民族、地區(qū)、地方和個(gè)人文化特色的物質(zhì)媒體。英語本身并沒有這種身份，它也不是一種“身份識(shí)別語言”。而且，由于全球英語功能用法的多樣性，英語在促進(jìn)國(guó)際理解方面也具有巨大潛力。不同的使用者必須始終制定出一個(gè)共同的行為和跨文化基礎(chǔ)。

2.單選題

Shegavehimbackthemoneyshe’dstolenforthesakeofher___

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conscientious

B.consciousness

C.conscious

D.conscience

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conscientious“認(rèn)真的；盡責(zé)的；本著良心的；小心謹(jǐn)慎的”；B選項(xiàng)consciousness“意識(shí)；知覺；覺悟；感覺”；C選項(xiàng)conscious“意識(shí)到的；故意的；神志清醒的”；D選項(xiàng)conscience“道德心，良心”。句意：為了她的___，她把偷來的錢還給了他。本句表達(dá)“為了她的良心（為了問心無愧）”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Theyfearitcouldhavea(an)（

）effectonglobalfinancialmarkets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sizeable

B.adverse

C.beneficial

D.consequential

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sizeable意為“相當(dāng)大的”；adverse意為“不利的，有害的”；beneficial意為“有利的，有益的”；consequential意為“隨之而來的，重要的”。根據(jù)主句中的fear（害怕）可知此處應(yīng)為具有負(fù)面含義的詞，選B。

句意：他們害怕它會(huì)對(duì)全球金融市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生不利的影響。

4.單選題

Thepolicedecidedto（）thedepartmentstoreaftertheyhadreceivedabombwarning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evict

B.expel

C.abandon

D.evacuate

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查了動(dòng)詞辨析。evict“驅(qū)逐”；expel“驅(qū)散；趕走”；abandon“放棄”；evacuate“撤離；疏散”，根據(jù)bombwarning（爆炸警報(bào)）可知警察會(huì)疏散、撤離人員，所以此處應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞evacuate，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

5.單選題

Thegirl（）thedolltoherbosomwhichnowwasheronlypossessionintheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grabbed

B.grasped

C.snatched

D.clutched

【答案】D

【解析】句意:女孩把洋娃娃抱在懷里，這是她現(xiàn)在唯一的財(cái)產(chǎn)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。grab攫??；霸占；grasp抓??；領(lǐng)會(huì)；snatch奪得；及時(shí)救助；clutch抓住;緊握；緊抱。該動(dòng)詞賓語是thedoll(洋娃娃)，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

這些讀者既“溫故”，讀文史，了解過去；又“知新”，愛科學(xué)、展望未來。他們?cè)敢鈴母鞣N各樣的書籍中探索找尋生活的樂趣、人生的樂趣、思維的樂趣和智慧的樂趣。他們看市井風(fēng)俗、社會(huì)百態(tài)，看多彩人生和豐富感情。他們生活在現(xiàn)在，同時(shí)也生活在過去和未來，他們最大限度地體會(huì)讀書帶來的追求智慧的樂趣。正如王小波說的：“智慧本身就是好的。有一天我們都會(huì)死去，追求智慧的道路還會(huì)有人在走著。死掉以后的事我看不到，但在我活著的時(shí)候，想到這件事，心里就高興。”

【答案】Thesereadersreadhistorytoknowthepastandsciencetolookintothefuture.Theyliketoexplorelife,waysofthinkingandwisdomfromtheirreading.Theyseecustomsandcolorfulsocietyandpeople’semotions.Theyleadalifeofthepastandthefutureaswellasthepresent.Theyenjoyreadingtothemaximuminwhichtheybecomewise.AsWangXiaoboputsit,Wisdomisitselfbeautiful.Wewilldiesomedayandotherswillmarchontosearchit.Icannotseethethingsintheotherworld,butIfeelhappyinthisworldwheneverIthinkofitinmylife.

7.單選題

Thereusedtobeathreathereyearsago,（

）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn’tit

B.usedn’tit

C.didn’tthereuseto

D.didn’tthere

【答案】D

【解析】考查反義疑問句。Therebe句型的反義疑問句必須用there進(jìn)行反問，若be動(dòng)詞前沒有其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞修飾，則反義疑問句用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式，如be動(dòng)詞前有其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞修飾，則反義疑問句用該情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式。本題的反義疑問句部分為：usedn’tthere或didn’tthere，因此選D。句意：幾年前這里曾經(jīng)有過威脅，不是嗎？

8.單選題

Theaccidentoccurredwhenavan（

）onthesnow-coveredroadandbumpedintoacarthatwasnotabletosteerawayintimeowingalsotothesnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.skidded

B.slid

C.glided

D.slipped

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：事故發(fā)生時(shí)，一輛面包車在積雪覆蓋的路上打滑，撞上了一輛由于下雪無法及時(shí)躲開的小汽車。選項(xiàng)A“打滑”符合題意。

9.單選題

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多，儲(chǔ)存隨著增多，與B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)表述相反；C、D選項(xiàng)在第一段中雖有提及，但都只是一筆帶過，因此A選項(xiàng)“石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.（然而，即使石油沖擊是真正的危險(xiǎn)，建造核反應(yīng)堆并不是避免它的好方法）可知選C。

第3題:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知與A選項(xiàng)相符（雖然不是一種好的方法，但也屬于一種方法）；第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B選項(xiàng)相符；第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower與D選項(xiàng)相符。通過排除法，選C，只有C選項(xiàng)沒有在文章中提及。

第4題:詞義題。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults（在大氣中放太多的碳，你可能最終會(huì)……可能會(huì)造成災(zāi)難性的后果）的句意，可知A選項(xiàng)“地球變得越來越暖，好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料點(diǎn)燃”最為恰當(dāng)。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講了石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用；第二段主要講了石油的重要性及影響，提出了建造核反應(yīng)堆應(yīng)對(duì)石油危機(jī)的想法，因此排除A；第三段主要講了減少擁堵和污染的方法，以及更便宜的核能替代品；最后一段主要講了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化最好的方式是向天然氣轉(zhuǎn)變，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Thisnewlyestablishedfundhasarangeofmedicalprogramsundertakenbyuniversities,industriallabs,oruniversity-industrycollaborativeprojects.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cooperative

B.innovative

C.lucrative

D.representative

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.cooperative合作的B.innovative發(fā)明的；創(chuàng)造性的

C.lucrative獲利多的；有利可圖的D.representative典型的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】這個(gè)新成立的基金的醫(yī)學(xué)項(xiàng)目有一系列由大學(xué)、工業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室或校企……項(xiàng)目承擔(dān)的醫(yī)學(xué)項(xiàng)目。由本句中的“university-industry（校企）”可知是合作項(xiàng)目，所以A選項(xiàng)“合作的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】這個(gè)新成立的基金有一系列由大學(xué)、工業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室或校企合作項(xiàng)目承擔(dān)的醫(yī)學(xué)項(xiàng)目。

11.翻譯題

Parentsofwailingbabies,takecomfort:Youarenotalone.Chimpanzeebabiesfuss.Seagullchickssquawk.Buryingbeetlelarvaetaptheirparents’legs.Throughouttheanimalkingdom,babiesknowhowtogettheirparents’attention.Exactlywhyevolutionhasproducedallthisfussing,squawkingandtappingisaquestionmanybiologistsaretryingtoanswer.

(1)Someday,thatanswermayshedsomelightonthemysteryofcryinginhumanbabies.“Itmaypointresearchersintherightdirectiontofindthecausesofexcessivecrying,”saidJosephSoltis,abioacousticsexpertatDisney’sAnimalKingdominLakeBuenaVista,Florida.SoltispublishedanarticleontheevolutionofcryinginthecurrentissueofBehavioralandBrainSciences.

Younganimalsvaryinhowmuchtheycry,squawkorotherwisecommunicatewiththeirparents,andstudieswithmice,beetlesandmonkeysshowthatthisvariationispartlybasedongenes.

Somelevelofcryinginhumans,ofcourse,isbasedongaspainsandmessydiapers.(2)Butasforthegeneticcontribution,youmightexpectthatnaturalselectionwouldfavorgenesfornoisierchildren,sincetheywouldgetmoreattention.

Beforelong,however,thissortofdeceptionmayberuinous.Ifthesignalsofoffspringbecametotallyunreliable,parentswouldnolongerbenefitfrompayingattention.(3)Someevolutionarybiologistshaveproposedthatnaturalselectionshouldthereforefavorso-calledhonestadvertisements.

Somebiologistshavespeculatedthatthesehonestadvertisementsmaynotjusttellaparentwhichoffspringarehungry.Theymightalsoshowtheirparentthattheyarehealthyandvigorousandthereforeworthsomeextrainvestment.

Thebabiesofrhesusmacaquemonkeyscryouttotheirmothersandtendtocryevenmorearoundthetimetheirmotherswean(斷奶)them.Themothers,inresponse,begintoignoremostoftheirbabies’distresscalls,sincemostturnouttobefalsealarms.

“Initially,mothersrespondanytimeaninfantcries,”saidDarioMaestripieri,aprimatologistattheUniversityofChicago,(4)“Butasthecriesincrease,theyrespondlessandless.Theybecomemoreskeptical.Soinfantsstartcryingless.Sotheygothroughthesecycles,adjustingtheirresponses.”

KimBard,aprimatologistattheUniversityofPlymouthinEngland,hasspentmorethanadecadeobservingchimpanzeebabies.“Chimpscancryforalongtimeifsomethingterribleishappeningtothem,butwhenyoupickthemup,theystop,”Bardsaid.“I’veneverseenanychimpanzeesinthefirstthreemonthsoflifebeinconsolable.”

Maestripieriandotherresearcherssaytheseevolutionaryforcesmayhavealsoshapedthecriesofhumanbabies.“Allprimateinfantscry,”Maestripierisaid.(5)“It’saveryconservedbehavior.It’snotsomethinghumanshaveevolvedontheirown.”

【答案】1.有一天，也許這個(gè)答案會(huì)解開人類嬰兒哭泣之謎。

2.但說到基因方面的原因，你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為自然選擇會(huì)傾向于吵鬧的孩子的基因，因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)得到更多的關(guān)注。

3.因此，有的進(jìn)化生物學(xué)家提出，自然選擇會(huì)傾向于所謂的誠(chéng)實(shí)宣傳。

4.但隨著叫聲越來越多，母親的反應(yīng)也越來越少，因?yàn)樗齻冮_始懷疑哭聲的真實(shí)性。所以嬰兒的嗷叫隨之變少。

5.“這是一種非常保守的行為。這不是人類自己進(jìn)化出來的?！?/p>

12.單選題

Shehesitatedfora（）ofasecondbeforeacceptinghischallengetoagameoftennis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fiction

B.function

C.friction

D.fraction

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。fiction小說;function功能;friction摩擦;fraction部分。afractionof意為"一小部分,零點(diǎn)幾",為固定搭配。句意：在接受他的網(wǎng)球挑戰(zhàn)之前,她猶豫了片刻。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

13.單選題

Ifyouwanttoclarifythefact,youneedtwowitnessesto______thatthisisyoursignature.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notify

B.certify

C.assure

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)notify“通告，通知；公布”；B選項(xiàng)certify“證明；保證”；C選項(xiàng)assure“向……保證；使確定；保證；使相信”；D選項(xiàng)assume“設(shè)想；假定”。certify和assure都是及物動(dòng)詞，但certify后一般接從句，assure后一般接人稱代詞，意為“向……保證”。句意：如果你想澄清事實(shí)，你需要兩個(gè)證人來證明這是你的簽名。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanotheroftheirkind.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmyhelpingettingfoodorshelter,inprovidingprotection,andinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsintheevolutionofmoreandmoreorganismsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments.

Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralway,buteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclass.Aplant,forexample,dependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun’senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptation,commontomostplants.Inaddition,therearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshave.Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshape,andmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.

Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear.

Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructure,function,andgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitsownenvironment,asdowarm-bloodedmammals,whichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantage,butsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthat,ifconditionschange,itfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions.

1.Someplantsandanimalsdevelopsuperiorcharacteristicssothattheymay（

）.

2.Inthefirstparagraph,theword“environments”couldbestbereplacedby（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatthefeathersofabirdarecolored（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotdirectlymentioned?

5.Theauthorcitesthebehaviorofwarm-bloodedmammalsinordertoillustratewhichofthefollowing?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpothersoftheirkindgetfood,shelterandotherthingsneeded

B.surviveeveninextremelysevereconditions

C.becomebetteradaptedtotheenvironmentsthanothersoftheirkind

D.resultintheevolutionandproductionofmoreintelligentorganisms

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.contexts

B.surroundings

C.neighbors

D.enemies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tofrighteneditsenemies

B.toattractitsenemies

C.toadjustitsbodyheat

D.tomatchitsenvironment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Alivingthingmayadaptinitsstructure.

B.Anorganismmayadaptinitsfunction.

C.Alivingcreaturemayadaptinitsgeneticmakeup.

D.Alivingorganismmayadaptinitssleepinghabit.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Alivingthingmayhavetheabilitytocreateanenvironmentofitsown.

B.Alivingcreaturemayhavetheabilitytoremainstillwhenanenemyisnear.

C.Alivingcreaturemayhavetheabilitytomakefoodfromitsinorganicchemicals.

D.Alivingcreaturemayhavetheabilitytochangethecolorofitsskin.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段第一句話“Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanotheroftheirkind.某些動(dòng)植物發(fā)展出來一些特征，幫助它們比其他同類更好的適應(yīng)環(huán)境?！笨梢酝茢喑霰绢}正確答案選C。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】語義推測(cè)題。選項(xiàng)A“環(huán)境；上下文語境”；選項(xiàng)B“環(huán)境；周圍的事物”；選項(xiàng)C“鄰居”；選項(xiàng)D“敵人”。單詞所在的句子是第一段第一句和最后一句。根據(jù)上題的分析，environments應(yīng)該指的是周圍的事物所形成的環(huán)境。故正確答案選B。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句話“Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.鹿的皮毛顏色發(fā)生變化是因?yàn)橐谌氕h(huán)境?！边@句話是對(duì)本段第一句主旨句的舉例論證，由此推斷，動(dòng)物的皮毛顏色發(fā)生變化是為了融入環(huán)境和適應(yīng)環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)D更符合文章意思。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。定位到文章第三段前面兩句話“Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructure,function,andgenetics…有機(jī)體有許多適應(yīng)方式，它們也許在結(jié)構(gòu)上，功能上和遺傳方面適應(yīng)……”由這句話可知選項(xiàng)A、B和C都是動(dòng)物改變自我適應(yīng)環(huán)境的方式。選項(xiàng)D在文章中沒有提到。故正確答案選D。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Anorganismmaycreateitsownenvironment,asdowarm-bloodedmammals,whichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.有機(jī)體可以創(chuàng)造自身的環(huán)境，就像恒溫的哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，盡管天氣變化，它們也能調(diào)節(jié)自己的體溫?！庇纱丝芍髡咭煤銣夭溉閯?dòng)物保持體溫的行為是為了說明它們能夠創(chuàng)造自身的環(huán)境。故正確答案選A。

15.單選題

ShoppingintheUnitedStatesisalwaysapleasantexperience.Therearedifferenttypesofshopsthatoperatetocatertoyourdifferentneeds.Tobuygroceries,youcangototheconveniencestore,thesupermarketorthemassmerchandiser(suchasWallMart).Tobuysomeclothesandbig-ticketitemsyoucangotothemallorfactoryoutlets.

Everygrocerystorehaspromotionsondifferentkindsofproductseveryweek.Usuallyyoucanfindastoreweeklynewspaperwithfeaturedpromotionsforthatparticularweek.Iamabargainhunter,forwardbuyingalotofdailyproductsifIfeelIneedtheminthefuture.Once,IsawafeaturedpromotiononPantene2in1shampooplusconditioner(護(hù)發(fā)素).AlthoughIdidnotneeditatthattime,Ifeltitwasagreatdeal.SoIdecidedtobuy2bottles.However,IcouldnotfindanysuchPanteneontheshelf.Iwenttoasalesclerkandaskedifhecouldfindanyforme.Hetoldmethatthestorewasoutofthestockanditwouldnothaveanyinuntilthenextweek.Theunfortunatethingwasthatbythenthepromotionwouldbeover.However,theclerktoldmethatIcouldgothecustomerservicecounterandIwouldbegivenaraincheck,whichwouldguaranteethepromotionpriceformeonthatparticularitem.

AshoppingmallintheStatesiscomposedofmanyindividualspecialtyshopsandnationwidechainstores,suchasSearsandJCPenny.Whatimpressesmemostwhenshoppingisitsreturnpolicy.Nomatterwhatyoubuy,shoes,pantsorbig-ticketitemssuchasJVandVCR,ifyoufindsomeproblemswiththemorsimplydonotlikethemanylonger,youcanreturnthemwithin30days.Youwon’tbechallengedatthecustomerservicecounteraslongasyouhaveyourreceipt.Ofcoursetherearesomepeoplewhomighttakeadvantageofthisreturnpolicy,especiallywhentheyneedsomethingforamomentaryuse.That’swhyyoucanfindalonglineofpeoplewaitingtoreturntheirgoodsrightafterChristmas.

5.Whatdoestheword“big-ticket”(Para.1)mostprobablymean?

6.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthattheauthor（）.

7.Accordingtotheauthor,thereturnpolicyofthemall（）.

8.TheauthorthinksmanypeoplereturntheirgoodsafterChristmasbecause（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Alargeamountof.

B.Name-brand.

C.Highlyprice.

D.Hugespaceoccupied.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.couldbuyPanteneinthefollowingweekatthepromotionprice

B.boughtwhathewantedwiththehelpofthesalesclerk

C.didn’tbuyPanteneshampooforhedidn’tneeditatthattime

D.wouldn’tbuyPantenethenextweekforthepromotionwouldbeover

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isasgoodaspromotionsofgrocerystores

B.isimpressivebutnotpleasing

C.benefitsthecustomers

D.istakenadvantagebypoorpeople

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therearesomeproblemswiththeirgoods

B.theydon’tlikethegoodsanylonger

C.theyarechallengedatthecustomerservicecounter

D.theyjustwanttousethemforaveryshorttime

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】5.詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文Nomatterwhatyoubuy,shoes,pantsorbig-ticketitemssuchasJVandVCR,ifyoufindsomeproblemswiththemorsimplydonotlikethemanylonger,youcanreturnthemwithin30days.（不管你買什么，鞋子、褲子或者是像電視和錄像機(jī)這樣的……物品，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)它們有問題，或只是不喜歡它們了，你都可以在30天內(nèi)退掉它們。）big-ticket放在名詞前由此可推測(cè)出它是一個(gè)形容詞。前面講的是小物件，后面指的是像電視機(jī)或者錄像機(jī)價(jià)格比較貴的物品。因此C選項(xiàng)“價(jià)格很高的”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“大量的”；B選項(xiàng)“名牌的”；D選項(xiàng)“巨大占地方的”均不符題意，故選C。

6.推理判斷題。定位在第二段最后一句However,theclerktoldmethatIcouldgothecustomerservicecounterandIwouldbegivenaraincheck,whichwouldguaranteethepromotionpriceformeonthatparticularitem.（不過，他告訴我，我可以到顧客服務(wù)臺(tái)去拿一張推遲票，這張票確保我以后會(huì)以促銷價(jià)買到那東西。）由此可知作者之后還是能夠以促銷價(jià)買到潘婷，因此A選項(xiàng)“可以在下周以促銷價(jià)購(gòu)買潘婷”正確，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“在售貨員的幫助下買了他想要的東西”，根據(jù)原文However,IcouldnotfindanysuchPanteneontheshelf.（然而，我在架子上找不到這樣的潘婷。）和Hetoldmethatthestorewasoutofthestockanditwouldnothaveanyinuntilthenextweek.（他告訴我這家商店沒有存貨了，要到下周才能進(jìn)貨）可知，作者并沒有立馬獲得，售貨員的建議是拿一張推遲票，可以在下周買。表述有誤，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“沒有買潘婷洗發(fā)水，因?yàn)樗?dāng)時(shí)不需要”，根據(jù)原文AlthoughIdidnotneeditatthattime,Ifeltitwasagreatdeal.SoIdecidedtobuy2bottles.（雖然我當(dāng)時(shí)不需要它，但我覺得它真的很值。所以我決定買兩瓶。），可知作者還是決定要買，表述有誤，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“下周不會(huì)買潘婷，因?yàn)榇黉N活動(dòng)將要結(jié)束了”，干擾項(xiàng)，文章中只說作者有這個(gè)打算，但最后有沒有買下來并未提及，可排除。故選A。

7.推理判斷題。定位在第三段Whatimpressesmemostwhenshoppingisitsreturnpolicy.（退貨政策讓作者印象最深。）30天內(nèi)可退貨，而且Youwon’tbechallengedatthecustomerservicecounteraslongasyouhaveyourreceipt.（只要你有收據(jù)，顧客服務(wù)臺(tái)就不會(huì)有人為難你。）由此可推理，退貨政策是能夠讓顧客受益的。因此C選項(xiàng)“使顧客受益”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“和雜貨店的促銷活動(dòng)一樣好”與題意無關(guān)，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“令人印象深刻但不討人喜歡”，作者對(duì)保護(hù)權(quán)益的退貨政策是很滿意的，只是后面說到了這個(gè)政策會(huì)被人鉆空子。D選項(xiàng)“被窮人占了便宜”，定位到原文Ofcoursetherearesomepeoplewhomighttakeadvantageofthisreturnpolicy,especiallywhentheyneedsomethingforamomentaryuse.（當(dāng)然，有些人可能會(huì)利用這種退貨政策，特別是當(dāng)他們需要一些暫時(shí)使用的東西時(shí)。）并沒有說明占便宜的一定是窮人，可排除。故選C。

8.推理判斷題。定位在第三段Ofcoursetherearesomepeoplewhomighttakeadvantageofthisreturnpolicy,especiallywhentheyneedsomethingforamomentaryuse.That’swhyyoucanfindalonglineofpeoplewaitingtoreturntheirgoodsrightafterChristmas.（當(dāng)然，有些人會(huì)利用這個(gè)退貨政策占便宜，尤其當(dāng)他們只是暫時(shí)需要某種東西的時(shí)候。這就是為什么在過完圣誕節(jié)之后，你會(huì)看到人們排著長(zhǎng)隊(duì)等著退貨。）由此可知圣誕后很多人退貨是因?yàn)樗麄冎恍枰獣簳r(shí)使用，因此D選項(xiàng)“他們只想在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)使用它們”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“他們的貨物有些問題”，B選項(xiàng)“他們不再喜歡這些商品了”，C選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)诳蛻舴?wù)柜臺(tái)受到質(zhì)詢”，A，B，C選項(xiàng)均與題意不符，可排除，故選D。

16.單選題

Anyearthquakethattakesplaceinanyareaiscertainlyregardedasakindofa______event.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dramatic

B.proverbial

C.catastrophic

D.chronic

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.dramatic突然的；引人注目的B.proverbial諺語的；諺語表達(dá)的

C.catastrophic大災(zāi)難的D.chronic慢性的；難以治愈（或根除）的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞earthquake可知，a______event指的是“災(zāi)難性事件”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】任何地區(qū)發(fā)生的任何地震都被認(rèn)為是一種災(zāi)難性事件。

17.單選題

Sheknowsalotofyoungmen,butitisn’teasytochoosea/an______onewhoisbothrichandattractive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eligible

B.elegant

C.diligent

D.qualified

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)eligible“（指認(rèn)為可做夫妻的男女）合意的，合適的；具備條件的”；B選項(xiàng)elegant“優(yōu)雅的；精美的”；C選項(xiàng)diligent“勤勉的”；D選項(xiàng)qualified“有文憑的；有限度的，有保留的”。句意：她認(rèn)識(shí)很多年輕人，但要選擇一個(gè)既有錢又有魅力的______卻不容易。根據(jù)語境，這里指即使這么多優(yōu)秀的人，選一個(gè)合心意的也不容易。A選項(xiàng)eligible“（指認(rèn)為可做夫妻的男女）合意的，合適的”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Therearestillmanycountrieswherethedeathpenaltyisthe（

）againstmurder.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sanction

B.prevention

C.fright

D.threat

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。sanction“制裁，處罰”；prevention“預(yù)防，阻止”；fright“驚嚇”；threat“威脅”。句意：仍然有許多國(guó)家將死刑作犯謀殺罪的處罰。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

Nowordswill（）toconveymygrief.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.serve

B.supply

C.suffice

D.support

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)serve“招待，供應(yīng)，為……服務(wù)”；B選項(xiàng)supply“供給，提供，補(bǔ)充”；C選項(xiàng)suffice“使?jié)M足，足夠，有能力”，sufficeto“足以”，例如：Oneexamplewillsufficetoillustratethepoint.舉一個(gè)例子就足以說明這一點(diǎn)，D選項(xiàng)support“支持，幫助，支撐”，句意：沒有言語能夠表達(dá)我的悲傷。由選項(xiàng)意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

20.單選題

Itwasunfortunatethat,aftersotrouble-freeanarrival,heshouldstumbleinthedarkashewasrisingandseverelytwisthisankleonapieceofrock.Afterthefirstshockthepainbecamebearable,andhegathereduphisparachutebeforelimpingintothetreestohideitasbestashecould.Thehardnessofthegroundandthedeepdarknessmadeitalmostimpossibletodothisefficiently.Thepineneedleslayseveralinchesdeep,sohesimplypilethemontopoftheparachute,cuttingtheshorttwigsthathecouldfeelaroundhislegs,andspreadingthemontopoftheneedles.Hehadgreatdoubtsaboutwhetheritwouldstayburied,buttherewasverylittleelsethathecoulddoaboutit.

Afterlimpingforsomedistanceinanindirectcourseawayfromhisparachutehebegantomakehiswaydownhillthroughthetrees.Hehadtofindoutwherehewas,andthendecidewhattodonext.Butwalkingdownhillonarapidlyswellinganklesoonprovedtobealmostbeyondhispowers.Hemovedmoreandmoreslowly,walkinginlongsidewaymovementsacrosstheslope,whichmeanttakingmorestepsbutlesspainfulones.Bythetimeheclearedthetreesandreachedthevalley,daywasbreaking.Misthunginsoftsheetsacrossthefields.Smallcottagesandfarmbuildingsgroupedlikesleepingcattlearoundavillagechurch,whosepointedtowerpointedhighintothecoldwinterairtowelcomethemorning.

“Ican’tgonofarther,”JohnHardingthought.“Someoneisboundtofindme,butwhatcanIdo?ImustgetarestbeforeIgoon.They’lllookformefirstupthereonthemountainwheretheplanecrashed.Ibetthey’reoutlookingforitalreadyandtheyareboundtofindtheparachuteintheend.Ican’tbelievetheywon’t.Sothey’llknowI’mnotdeadandmustbesomewhere.They’llthinkI’mhidingupthereinthetreesandrockssothey’lllookformethere.SoI’llgodowntothevillage.Withluckbytheeveningmyfootwillbegoodenoughtogetmetotheborder.”

Farabovehimonthemountainsidehecouldhearthefaintechoofvoices,startlinghimafterthegreatsilence.Lookinguphesawlightslikelittlepinpointsmovingacrossthefaceofthemountaininthegraylight.Buttheroadwasdeserted,andhestruggledalong,stillalmostinvisibleinthefirstlight,easinghisachingfootwheneverhecould,avoidingstonesandroughplaces,andlimpingquietlyandpainfullytowardsthevillage.Hereachedthechurchatlast.Agreatneedforpeacealmostdrewhiminside,butheknewthatwouldnotdo.Instead,helimpedalongitswallstowardsaveryoldbuildingstandingashortdistancefromthechurchdoors.Itseemedtohavebeenthereforever,asifithadgrownoutofthehillinside.Ithadthesameairoftimelessnessasthechurch.JohnHardingpushedopentheheavywoodendoorandslippedinside.

1.Itisknownf