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2023高考英語模擬試卷注意事項1.考生要認真填寫考場號和座位序號。2.試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B鉛筆作答;第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3.考試結束后,考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上,待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分(共20小題,每小題1.5分,滿分30分)1.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoascholarshipsincelastyear.A.haswon B.havewon C.iswinning D.wins2.TheTangDynastyisgenerallyregardedasagoldenchapterbypeopleworldwide,________theChinesecivilizationinfluencedmanyneighboringcountries.A.where B.whenC.which D.who3.Ifanentirecountrygetsricheratthesametime,individualswouldn't________feelwealthier,sincetheirrelativepositionsinsocietyhaven'tchanged.A.necessarily B.initially C.typically D.sustainably4.Themedicineshouldusuallybekeptoutofthe________ofchildrenathome.A.distance B.reachC.limit D.a(chǎn)rrival5.Ifthenewsafetysystem_______touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.A.hadbeenput B.wereput C.shouldbeput D.wouldbeput6.Thereisnodoubtthatclimateallovertheworld______greatlyinrecentyears.A.hadchanged B.ischangingC.changed D.hasbeenchanging7.Theproblemwiththecurrentsystemallowsanyonetocommitasimilarcrimewithout.Itneedstobefixed.A.beingpunishedB.punishedC.topunishD.punishing8.—Ilikeyournewshoes!—Thanks.Ihadtotryonalmostadozenpairs_________Idecidedtogetthem.A.a(chǎn)s B.whenC.a(chǎn)fter D.before9.Forthefinal______ofourjourney,wedecidedtotakethecoach.A.legB.roundC.distanceD.path10.Notuntil_________________thebetterqualitiesinourselves____________expecttofindtheminothers.A.havewedeveloped;canweB.wehavedeveloped;thatcanweC.wehavedeveloped;canweD.canwedevelop;thatwewill11.Thiscarisimportanttoourfamily.Wewouldrepairitatourexpense_______itbreakdownwithinthefirstyear.A.could B.wouldC.might D.should12.Thenewteacherwassowell-organizedthatshebegan________westoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwasleftout.A.when B.inwhichC.how D.where13.—Doyoufeellikegoingtothecinematonight?—Sorry,I’msotired.I____anearlynight.A.have B.a(chǎn)mhaving C.havehad D.had14.Fathermadeapromise______________Ididwellintheentranceexam,hewouldtakemetoHongKonginthesummervacation.A.ifthat B.ifC.thatif D.that15.Afterhavingsomealcohol,driverstendtospeedwhenpassingstreetswithlesspeople.A.pullup B.putup C.riseup D.pickup16.ThefamousbookFrankenstein,________byBritishnovelistMaryShelley,isthefirstworkofsciencefiction.A.writing B.havingwrittenC.written D.waswritten17.Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.I______forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.A.hadknown B.knewC.haveknown D.know18.—Iknowitisreallyalottoask,butcanIuseyourapartmentduringthesummer?—________.Ihappentobeoutoftown.Itisallforyourtaking.A.BehaveyourselfB.BemyguestC.HavefunD.Takecare19._____howtogetalongwithothersisveryimportantinsuccess.A.KnowB.KnownC.HavingknownD.Knowing20.—Didyougotolastnight’sconcert?—Yes.Andthegirlplayingtheviolinattheconcert_______allthepeoplepresentwithherexcellentability.A.impressed B.compared C.conveyed D.observed第二部分閱讀理解(滿分40分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。21.(6分)DiscoveringTasmaniaTheislandofTasmaniaisseparatedfrommainlandAustraliabytheBassStrait.Theislandisaplaceofnaturalbeautyandhasmorethan2,000kmofwalkingtracksand18nationalparks.Ifyougoonatour,you’lldiscoverawildandbeautifulplacewherethepeoplearefriendlyandthefoodisdelicious.Ifyoudon’tlikewalking,thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingarivercruiseandcycling.Youcanalsocombineyourtourwithfishing,sailingorsunbathingonthebeach.OneofthemostincredibleplacestowalkisalongtheTarkinecoastwhichislocatedinthenorth-westofTasmania.It’ssuchawildandremoteareathatyoucaneasilycompleteyourwalkwithoutseeinganyoneapartfromthemembersofyourgroupandyourtwoguides.TheareacontainsthelargesttemperaterainforestinAustraliawhichishometomorethan50endangeredspecies.ItisalsohometomanyAboriginalHeritageSites.Yourguideswillprovideyouwithplentyofinformationabouttheareaasyoucompletethatpartofyourtour.Duringyourtour,you’llcomeacrossrivers,mountainranges,spectacularwaterfalls,wildlifeandlongwildbeaches.Itwillbeanexperienceyouwon’teasilyforget.TourItinerary:Day1:You’repickedupfromyourhotelinthetownofLauncestonanddriventotheTarkine.Youthencompleteathree-hourwalkthroughtheforestbeforearrivingatyourcampatMysteryCreek.Thereyouwillenjoyadeliciousmealcookedbyyourguides.Day2:Afterbreakfast,youcontinuedeeperintotherainforest,passingsomeofthetallesttreesintheworldasyougo,andstoppingforlunchandthencampintheevening.Day3:Thehighlightoftoday’shikeistheTarkineFalls,abeautiful15-metrewaterfall.Day4:TodayyoucanstayatthecampandbatheintheTarkineFalls,oryoucangoforadayhikeformorefantasticviewsoftheforest.Day5:Afteralasthikethroughtheforest,youarepickedupatabout4:00p.m.andyouarriveinLauncestonataround7:00p.m.Thetourincludestwoprofessionalguides,transporttoandfromtherainforest,allfoodwhileonthetoursandallsafetyequipment.Youshouldbuyorhirerecommendedcampingequipmentincluding:backpacks,sleepingbags,sleepmats,headtorches,raincoatsandtrousers.1、Atouristtotheislandcan______.A.cyclealongtheTarkinecoastandthroughtheforestB.buyorhireasmuchcampingequipmentaspossibleC.goforadaytrekformorefantasticviewsonDay5D.choosetomakeasailingtouroftheplaceforpleasure2、Fromthepassageweknowthat______.A.peoplewillwalkhoursinallthefivedaysduringthetourB.manyspeciesindangerareprotectedinthenationalparksC.ittakesaboutthreehourstodrivefromLauncestontoTarkineD.thetourprovidesguides,accommodationandsafetyequipment22.(8分)JoannewasstuckinatrafficjamincentralBirminghamat5:30,andat6:30shewasexpectedtobechairingameetingofthetennisclub.Atlast,thetrafficwasmoving.Sheswungquicklyracingtoherhouse.Assheopenedthedoor,shenearlytrippedoverSheba.“Hey,Sheba,”shesaid,“I’vegotnotimeforyounow,butI’lltakeyououtassoonasIgetbackfromtennisclub.”ThenshenoticedShebaseemedtobecoughingorchoking.Obviously,shecouldhardlybreathe.Immediately,Joannerealizedshewouldhavetotakehertothevet(獸醫(yī)).Whenshegotthere,thevetwasjustabouttoclosefortheday.SeeingthestateofSheba,Dr.Sternebroughtherquicklyintohisoffice.“Listen,doctor,I’mreallyinarushtogettoameeting-canIleaveherwithyou,andgoandgetchanged?I’llbebackintenminutestopickherup,andthenI’lltakeherontothemeetingwithme.IsthatOK?”“Sure,”saidthedoctor.Joannemadethequicktripbacktoherhouseinacoupleofminutes.Asshewasoncemoreenteringthehallway,thephonebythedoorbegantoring.“ThisisDr.Sterne,”saidananxiousvoice.“Iwantyoutogetoutofthathouseimmediately,”saidthedoctor’svoice.“I’mcomingroundfightaway,andthepolicewillbethereanytimenow.Waitoutside!”Atthatmoment,apolicecarscreechedtoastopoutsidethehouse.Twopolicemengotoutandranintothehouse.Joannewasbynowcompletelyconfusedandveryfrightened.Thenthedoctorarrived.“Where’sSheba?IssheOK?”shoutedJoanne.“She’sfree,Joanne.Itookoutthethingwhichwaschokingher,andshe’sOKnow.”Justthen,thetwopolicemenreappearedfromthehouse,half-carryingawhite-facedman,whocouldhardlywalk.Therewasbloodalloverhim.“MyGod,”saidJoanne,“howdidhegetinthere?Andhowdidyouknowhewasthere?”“Ithinkhemustbeaburglar,”saidthedoctor.“IknewhewastherebecausewhenIfinallyremovedwhatwasstuckinSheba’sthroat;itturnedouttobethreehumanfingers.”1、WhatwasJoannesupposedtodoat6:30?A.Towalkherdog. B.Toseeherdoctor.C.Toattendaclubmeeting. D.Toplaytenniswithherfriends.2、Joannewantedtogetbacktoherhomeagain____________.A.todressupforthemeetingB.tophonethepolicestationC.tocatchthebadlyhurtburglarD.towaitforherdogtobecured3、Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat____________.A.ShebafoughtagainsttheburglarB.thepolicefoundtheburglarhadbrokeninC.JoannehadplannedtotakeherdogtothemeetingD.thedoctorperformedadifficultoperationonthedog4、Inthispassage,thewriterintendstotellusthatthedogis____________.A.clever B.friendlyC.frightening D.devoted23.(8分)Deardaughters,Mostparentstelltheirchildren,“Youcanbeanythingyouwantwhenyougrowup.”IfeelthesameandIsaythisoften.ButIalsowantyoutounderstandthatadreamitselfcomesfromhardwork,somegoodluckandgoodtiming.Girls,herearesomewordsofwisdomasyoumakeyourwayintheworld.Firstly,beopen-mindedtochangingyourpathalongtheway.Inhighschool,Iwantedtobeapolitician.IleftmyhometownandwentofftocollegeinWashington,D.C.There,IdiscoveredthatIlovedtosupportwomen.IttaughtmethatI’mcreative,astrongleaderandgreatatmarketing.Asaresult,Imovedontobetheheadofanationalhealthcarenonprofit(非營利機構).Becomingamotherwhileinthatjobopenedmymindtolaunchingabreastpumpbagbusiness.NowIrunahighlysuccessfulcompanythatIstarteduponmyown.Inmyopinion,youneedtofigureoutwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyouarepassionateabout.Keepanopenmind:theinitialpathyouchoosemayleadyouintootherareas.Don’twasteyourmoneyortime,butyoucanchangewhatyouaredoingbasedonwhatyouarelearningaboutyourself.Secondlyandmoreimportantly,rememberthatfailureisvitaltoyoursuccess.Iwon’ttellyoutofeelgoodaboutfailure.Failurecanbeheartbreaking.ButIwilltellyouthateveryfailureI’vehadalongthewayabsolutelymademebetter.FailingthemathexaminhighschoolandgoingtosummerschoolwasembarrassingbutI'veneverfailedanexamagain.Beingdeprived(剝奪)ofthejobforasignificantjobopportunitythatIwasmorethanqualifiedforbecauseofunfairassumptionshurtmebutIwentoutandgotabigjobatanationalorganizationatage27.It’sokaytogetangry!Takethatandturnitintopositiveaction.I’mproudtobearolemodeltoyouasamomandanentrepreneur(企業(yè)家).IhopeIinspireyoutobelievethatyoucanbeanythingyouwantandyoucanhaveanythingonyourlist.Itwillbemypleasuretowatchyourlivesunfoldbeforemyeyes.Love,YourMom1、Theauthorhasachievedherfinalgoalas________.A.a(chǎn)politicianB.a(chǎn)socialworkerC.a(chǎn)nentrepreneurD.theheadofanorganization2、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoffailurealongthewayinlife?A.Failureisimportanttosuccess.B.Failureisneverpositive.C.Failureisalwaysheartbreaking.D.Failuremakespeopleembarrassed.3、Theauthorwasoncedeprivedofasignificantjobopportunitybecause________.A.shelackedworkexperienceB.shewaswronglyjudgedasunfitforitC.ShewastooyoungD.shewasnotasqualifiedasothers4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Amom’sadviceB.Amom’slifestoriesC.BewiseinchoosingyourcareerD.Howtobesuccessfulinlife24.(8分)ShipwreckedPrayersAvoyagingshipwaswreckedduringastormatseaandonlytwoofthemenaboardwereabletoswimtoasmall,desert-likeisland.Notknowingwhatelsetodo,thetwosurvivorsagreedthattheyhadnoalternativebuttopraytoGod.However,tofindoutwhoseprayersweremorepowerful,theyagreedtodividetheterritorybetweenthemandstayonoppositesidesoftheisland.Thefirstthingtheyprayedforwasfood.Thenextmorning,thefirstmansawafruit-bearingtreeonhissideoftheisland,andhewasabletoeatitsfruit.Buttheotherman’sparceloflandremainedbarren.Afteraweek,thefirstmanbecamelonelyanddecidedtoprayforawife.Thenextday,anothershipwaswreckedandtheonlysurvivorwasawomanwhoswamtohissideoftheisland.Butontheothersideoftheisland,therewasnothing.Soonthereafterthefirstmanprayedforahouse,clothesandmorefood.Thenextday,likemagic,allofthesethingsweregiventohim.However,thesecondmanstillhadnothing.Finally,thefirstmanprayedforashipsothatheandhiswifecouldleavetheisland,andinthemorninghefoundashipdockedathissideoftheisland.Thefirstmanboardedtheshipwithhiswifeanddecidedtoleavethesecondmanontheisland,consideringtheothermanunworthytoreceiveGod’sblessingssincenoneofhisprayershadbeenanswered.Astheshipwasabouttoleave,thefirstmanheardavoicefromHeavenbooming,“Whyareyouleavingyourcompanionontheisland?”“MyblessingsareminealonesinceIwastheonewhoprayedforthem,”thefirstmananswered.“Hisprayerswereallunansweredandsohedoesn’tdeserveanything.”“Youaremistaken!”thevoicerebukedhim.“Hehadonlyoneprayer,whichIanswered.Ifnotforthat,youwouldnothavereceivedanyofmyblessings.”“Tellme,”thefirstmanaskedthevoice,“whatdidheprayforthatIshouldowehimanything?”“Heprayedthatallyourprayerswouldbeanswered.”Forallweknow,ourblessingsarenotthefruitsofourprayersalone,butthoseofanotherprayingforus.Sowhatyoudoforothersismoreimportantthanwhatyoudoforyourself.1、Thefirstman’swifeis_____.A.a(chǎn)swimmerwhogottotheislandbyaccidentB.a(chǎn)nangelsentbyGodtokeephimcompanyC.a(chǎn)survivorfromanotherwreckedshipD.a(chǎn)nativepersononthedesert-likeisland2、Theunderlinedword“barren”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.isolated B.unproductive C.fertile D.dry3、Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthesecondman?A.Hedidn’tdeserveanyblessingfromGod.B.NoneofhisprayerswasansweredbyGod.C.HeisnotbraveenoughtotellGodhisneeds.D.Hisprayerhelpedhiscompaniongetoutoftrouble.4、What’sthemoralofthestory?A.Neverjudgeapersonbyappearance.B.Don’tloseheartintrouble.C.Helpingothersishelpingourselves.D.Greedistherootofallevil.25.(10分)Forthepast15years,factoryownerKamalParmarhasbeenrunninganafter-schoolprogramforslumkidsinAhmedabad,India,helpingthemwithbasicskillslikereadingandwritingandevenpreparingfortheirschooltests.Parmar’sstorybeganoneafternoon15yearsago.Hestoppedafewkidsreturninghomefromthelocalschoolandtooktheirexampaperandaskedthemafewquestions.Shockingly,hemadeashockingdiscovery--thestudents,eventheolderones,knewnothingaboutreadingexceptthealphabet.Andthatlefthimthinkingthatsomethingshouldbedoneforthesechildren.Soheinvitedthekidstovisithisworkshopeveryevening,wherehesetupatemporaryclassroomwithmetaldesks.Theshabbyschoolstartedoffwith10students.Today,theFootpathSchoolhasatotalof155studentsandmanyofthekidsthatParmarhastaughtinthepast15yearshavegonetoattendcollegeandbuildsuccessfulcareers.Despitehavingstudiedonlytilltheseventhgrade,hehasbeenabletoteachthekidsbyinventingcreativetechniques.Heasksthemtoreadfirstandthentoformquestionsontheirownandreadthemout.Inthisway,manykidslearnallsevensubjectsinsixmonths.Parmar’sfamilyareverysupportiveofhisprojectandareproudtoseehowmuchofanimpacthehashadonthekids.Hisstudentslovehim.Tenofhisex-studentsarecurrentlyservingasteachersattheschoolandhedoesn’thavetoemployanyteachers.Forthosewhoareinspiredbyhisstory,butcan’tactuallyvolunteeratschool,Parmarhasasimplepieceofadsice:“Trytoeducatejustonechildayear,andseethedifferenceitmakestothesociety.”1、WhydidParmarstarttheschool?A.Toearnsomeextramoney.B.Tobecomeagoodteacher.C.Tohelpthepoorkidswiththeireducation.D.Tomakehimselffamous.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A.Thestudents’poorreadingability.B.Thestudents’badlivingconditions.C.Thestudents’terribleschoolexamresult.D.Thestudents’lackofbasiclifeskills.3、WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeParmar?A.DiligentandintelligentB.SelflesslyandimaginativeC.ModestandpatientD.Humorousandrich4、Parmar’sadviceinthelastparagraphistocallonmorepeopleto.A.teachpoorkidsB.workinhisownfactoryC.contributemoremoneytoschoolsD.listentohisstories第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)(每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.26.(30分)NewgeneticanalysishasrevealedthatmanyAmazontreespeciesarelikelytosurvivehuman-madeclimatewarminginthecomingcentury,contrarytopreviousfindingsthattemperatureincreaseswouldcausethemtodieout.Astudy,1inthelatesteditionofEcologyandEvolution,revealsthe2ageofsomeAmazoniantreespecies--morethan8millionyears--and3showsthattheyhavesurvivedpreviousperiodsaswarmasmanyoftheglobalwarmingimaginedperiods4fortheyear2100.Theauthorswritethat,havingsurvivedwarmperiodsinthepast,thetreeswill5survivefuturewarming,providedtherearenoothermajorenvironmentalchanges.6extremedroughtsandforestfireswillimpactAmazoniaastemperatures7,thetreeswillstandthedirectimpactofhighertemperatures.Theauthors8thataswellasreducinggreenhousegasemissionstominimizetheriskofdroughtandfire,conservationpolicyshouldremain9onpreventingdeforestation(采伐森林)foragricultureandmining.Thestudydisagreeswithotherrecentresearcheswhichpredictedtreespecies’extinctions10relativelysmallincreasesinglobalaverageairtemperatures.Studyco-authorDrSimonLewis(UCLGeography)saidthe11weregoodnewsforAmazontreespecies,butwarnedthatdroughtandover-exploitationoftheforestremainedmajor12totheAmazon’sfuture.DrLewissaid:“Thepastcannotbecompareddirectlywiththefuture.whiletreespeciesseemlikelyto13higherairtemperaturesthantoday,theAmazonforestisbeingtransformedforagricultureand14,andwhatremainsisbeingdegradedbylogging,andincreasinglysplitupbyfieldsandroads.“Specieswillnotmoveasfreelyintoday’sAmazonastheydidinpreviouswarmperiods,whentherewasnohuman15.Similarly,today’sclimatechangeisextremelyfast,makingcomparisonswithslowerchangesinthepast16.”“Withaclearer17oftherelativeriskstotheAmazonforest,we18thatdirecthumanimpacts--suchasforestclearancesforagricultureormining--shouldremainakeypointofconservationpolicy.Wealsoneedmoreaggressive19toreducegreenhousegasemissionsinordertomakeminimumtheriskofdroughtandfireimpactsand20thefutureofmostAmazontreespecies.”1、A.a(chǎn)dvertised B.described C.published D.presented2、A.frightening B.surprising C.exciting D.interesting3、A.still B.nevertheless C.however D.therefore4、A.a(chǎn)ssess B.confirm C.forecast D.promise5、A.particularly B.probably C.merely D.possibly6、A.Since B.Although C.When D.If7、A.rise B.change C.drop D.end8、A.consider B.decide C.guarantee D.recommend9、A.based B.built C.focused D.made10、A.inrelationto B.inresponseto C.inreplyto D.inreferenceto11、A.findings B.thoughts C.inventions D.writings12、A.threats B.disadvantages C.embarrassments D.instructions13、A.a(chǎn)ccept B.tolerate C.permit D.Require14、A.farming B.planting C.catering D.mining15、A.power B.influence C.desire D.violence16、A.difficult B.clear C.easy D.important17、A.belief B.direction C.understanding D.suggestion18、A.doubt B.conclude C.calculate D.prefer19、A.thought B.guidance C.protection D.a(chǎn)ction20、A.secure B.a(chǎn)dvance C.sacrifice D.evaluate第二節(jié)(每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27.(15分)BrownieandSpottywereneighbordogswhometeverydaytoplaytogether.Theydiditsooften1.theyhadwornapaththroughthegrassofthefieldbetweentheirhouses.2.(luck),oneevening,Browniedidn’treturnhome.Hisfamilywentlookingforhimbutwithno3.(succeed).Tomakethingsworse,thoughhisfamilymadetheireffortstofindhim,bythenextweekhewasstillmissing.Thismadethewholefamily4.(concern)alotaboutBrownie.Justthen,hisfriendSpottyshowedup,barkingandwhining(怒叫),butthecrazyfamilyignored5.littlenervousdog.Thedetermineddog,however,keptbarking,whichmadeBrownie’sownerTedtired6.him.Finally,Spottyrefused7.(take)“no”forananswer.HedraggedTedaboutandledhimtoanemptyground8.Browniewastrappedandcouldn’tmove.Tedsuddenlyrealizedthewholestory.ThenTednoticedthatSpotty9.(do)morethanjustleadingBrownie’shumanownertohisfriend.Duringthepastdays,10.wasSpottythatprotectedandstayedwithhimatnighttowarmhim.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)短文改錯(滿分10分)28.(10分)Oneyearago,Iwasingreattrouble.IworkedhardatEnglishanddevoteallmysparetimetolearnit.ButIfailedtopassthemid-termexamination,whichmademegreatdisappointed.SoIaskedmygrandpaforhelpwhenIgottohome.HearingthatItoldhim,hesaid,“Examinationresultsaresometimeunexpectedbyyourstudylevel.Youcan’tjudgeyourprogressbyoneexamination.”Heencouragedmyselftoworkhardforalongtimetocheckmyresults.Itookmygrandpa’sadvices.NowIrealizethattheprocessoflearningismuchmoreimportantandmyEnglishismorebetterthanbefore.Frommyexperience,Ifeelthatweshouldlistenopinionsfromoldpeople.第二節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)29.(25分)假定你是學生會主席李華,你班班長陳麗將要去“醴陵全域旅游協(xié)會”(All-for-oneTourismAssociationinLiling)應聘一份當志愿者(volunteer)的暑期兼職工作,她想請你給她寫一封推薦信,向“醴陵全域旅游協(xié)會”推薦她,介紹她的一些個人信息。要點如下:1.陳麗的個性特點以及專長。2.陳麗平時在校的表現(xiàn)(她的學業(yè)表現(xiàn)和獲獎情況等)。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右。2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。3.開頭語和結束語已為你寫好。DearChairman,IamLiHua,ChenLi’sclassmateandalsochairmanoftheStudents’Union.…________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua
參考答案第一部分(共20小題,每小題1.5分,滿分30分)1、A2、B3、A4、B5、A6、D7、A8、D9、A10、C11、D12、D13、B14、C15、D16、C17、A18、B19、D20、A第二部分閱讀理解(滿分40分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。21、Inthe1962movieLawrenceofArabia,onesceneshowsanAmericannewspaperreportereagerlysnappingphotosofmenrobbingadamagedtrain.Oneoftherobbers,ChiefAudaabuTayioftheHoweitatclan,suddenlynoticesthecameraandsnatchesit.“AmIinthis?”heasks,beforesmashingitopen.Tothedismayedreporter,Lawrenceexplains,“Hethinksthesethingswillstealhisvirtue.Hethinksyou’reakindofthief.”Assoonascolonizersandexplorersbegantakingcamerasintodistantlands,storiesbegancirculatingabouthownativepeoplessawthemastoolsforblackmagic.The“ignorantnatives”mayhavehadapoint.Whenphotographyfirstbecameavailable,scientistswelcomeditasamoreobjectivewayofrecordingfarawaysocietiesthanearlytravelers’exaggeratedaccounts.Butinsomeways,anthropological(人類學的)photographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.Upintothe1950sand1960s,manyethnographer(人種學者)sought“pure”picturesof“primitive”cultures,routinelydeletingmodernarticlesfordailyusesuchasclocksandWesterndress.Theypaidmenandwomentore-enactritualsortoposeasmembersofwarorhuntingparties,oftenwithlittleregardfortruthfulness.EdwardCurtis,thelegendaryphotographerofNorthAmericanIndians,forexample,gotoneMakahmantoposeasawhalerwithaspearin1915—eventhoughtheMakahhadnothuntedwhalesinageneration.Thesephotographsreinforcedwidelyacceptedstereotypesthatnativecultureswereisolated,primitive,andunchanging.Forinstance,NationalGeographicmagazine’sphotographshavetaughtmillionsofAmericansaboutothercultures.AsCatherineLutzandJaneCollinspointoutintheir1993bookReadingNationalGeographic,themagazinesinceitsfoundingin1888haskeptatraditionofpresentingbeautifulphotosthatdon’tchallengewhite,middle-classAmericanconventions.Whiledark-skinnedwomencanbeshownwithouttops,forexample,whitewomen’sbreastsaretaboo.Photosthatcouldunsettleordisturb,suchasareasoftheworldtornapartbywarorfamine,arediscardedinfavorofthosethatreassure,toconformwiththesociety’sstatedpledgetopresentonly“kindly”visionsofforeignsocieties.Theresult,LutzandCollinssay,isthedisplayof“anidealizedandexoticworldrelativelyfreeofpainorclassconflict.”LutzactuallylikesNationalGeographicalot.Shereadthemagazineasachild,anditslushimageryinfluencedhereventualchoiceofanthropologyasacareer.Shejustthinksthataspeoplelookatthephotographsofothercultures,theyshouldbealerttothechoiceofcompositionandimages.3、Themainideaofthepassageis_______.A.PhotographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners’perceptionofthenativeculturesandtheWesternvaluesB.ThereisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandtheprimitivepeoplesC.PopularmagazinessuchasNationalGeographicshouldshowpicturesoftheexoticandidealizedworldstomaintainhighsalesD.Anthropologistsas
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