考研考博-英語-唐山工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-唐山工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Eachmonth5Yuanis（

）frommysalaryforhouse-repairingpayment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excluded

B.expelled

C.compelled

D.docked

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)exclude“排除”；B選項(xiàng)expel“驅(qū)逐，開除”；C選項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫”；D選項(xiàng)dock“使靠碼頭，從（工資）中扣除（一部分的錢）”。句意：每個(gè)月從我的工資中扣去5元用于修房子。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

2.單選題

Themanagerrealizedtheimportanceofqualifiedstaff,andurgedall________toparticipateinthetrainingprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerning

B.theconcerning

C.concerned

D.theconcerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的用法。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都跟concerned有關(guān)，句意：經(jīng)理意識(shí)到了合格員工的重要性，并且敦促所有（）參加培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目。A，B選項(xiàng)沒有名詞詞義，代入句中會(huì)造成賓語缺失，所以排除；The+形容詞表示一類人，因?yàn)閏oncerning沒有形容詞的詞性，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，答案選C。

3.單選題

Thesurveyfound80percentofviewerswere（）bytheviolentscenesinthefilm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eliminated

B.alerted

C.offended

D.discouraged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)eliminated“被淘汰，消除”；B選項(xiàng)alerted“使警覺，警告”；C選項(xiàng)offended“冒犯，生氣”；D選項(xiàng)discouraged“使……灰心”。句意：調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的觀眾對(duì)影片中的暴力鏡頭感到（）。這里表達(dá)的含義是“對(duì)暴力鏡頭感到被冒犯（反感）”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Weallhaveoffensivebreathatonetimeoranother.Inmostcases,offensivebreathemanatesfrombacteriainthemouth,althoughthereareother,moresurprisingcauses.

Untilafewyearsago,themostdoctorscoulddowastocounselpatientswithbadbreathaboutoralcleanliness.Nowtheyarefindingnewwaystotreattheusuallycurablecondition.

Badbreathcanhappenwheneverthenormalflowofsalivaslows.Ourmouthsarefullofbacteriafeedingonproteininbitsoffoodandshedtissue.Thebacteriaemitsmellinggases,theworstofwhichishydrogensulfide.

Mouthbacteriathriveinairlessconditions.Oxygen-richsalivakeepstheirnumbersdown.Whenwesleep,forexample,thesalivastreamslows,andsulfideproducingbacteriagainstheupperhand,producingclassic“morningbreath”.

Alcohol,hunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexercise—anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy.Somepeople’sbreathturnssoureverytimetheygoonajobinterview.

Salivaflowgraduallyslowswithage,whichexplainswhytheelderlyhavemorebadbreathtroublethanyoungerpeopledo.Babies,however,whomakeplentyofsalivaandwhosemouthscontainrelativelyfewbacteriahavecharacteristicallysweetbreath.

Formostofus,filesimple,dry-mouthvarietyofbadbreathiseasilycured.Eatingordrinkingstartssalivaandsweepsawaymanyofthebacteria.Breakfastoftenstopsmorningbreath.Thosewithchronicdrymouthfindthatithelpstokeepgum,hardcandy,orabottleofwaterorjuicearound.Brushingtheteethwipesoutdry-mouthbadbreathbecauseitclearsawaymanyoftheoffendingbacteria.

Surprisingly,onethingthatrarelyworksismouthwash.Theliquidcanmaskbad-breathodorwithitsownsmell,buttheeffectlastsnomorethananhour.Somemouthwashesclaimtokillthebacteriaresponsibleforbadbreath.Thetroubleistheydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms.Mostbacteriaarewellprotectedfrommouthwashunderthicklayersofmucus.Ifthemouthwashcontainsalcohol—asmostdo—itcanintensifytheproblembydryingoutthemouth.

1.Theunderlinedphrase“emanatefrom”in(Sent.2,Para.1)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

2.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthecausesofbadbreath?

3.Accordingtothepassage,alcoholhassomethingtodowithbadbreathmainlybecause（）.

4.Mouthwashesarenotaneffectivecureforbadbreathmainlybecause（）.

5.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thriveon

B.accountfor

C.originatefrom

D.descendfrom

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toothtrouble.

B.Sulfur-richfood.

C.Toomuchexercise.

D.Mentalstrain.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itkeepsoffendingbacteriafromreproducing

B.itssmelladdstobadbreath

C.itkillssomehelpful

D.itaffectsthenormalflowofsaliva

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycan’tmaskthebadodorlongenough

B.theycan’tgettoalltheoffendingbacteria

C.theirstrongsmellmixeswithbadbreathandmakesitworse

D.theycan’tcoverthethicklayersofmucus

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.offensivebreathcan’teasilybecured

B.elderlypeoplearelessoffendedbybadbreath

C.heavydrinkersarelessaffectedbybadbreath

D.offensivebreathislessaffectedbyalcohol

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句offensivebreathemanatesfrombacteriainthemouth（口臭來自口腔中的細(xì)菌），可知C選項(xiàng)“源自”符合題意，故C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“靠，以”，B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)……負(fù)有責(zé)任；對(duì)……做出解釋；（比例）占有”，以及D選項(xiàng)“傳下來”意思不符合。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy（任何使口腔干燥的東西都會(huì)產(chǎn)生口臭。壓力也是如此，盡管不知道為什么），可知精神緊張導(dǎo)致口臭，故D選項(xiàng)“精神緊張”正確。A選項(xiàng)“牙齒問題”：根據(jù)第二段第一句，醫(yī)生最多能建議有口臭的病人保持口腔清潔，可知口臭與口腔清潔有關(guān)，沒有提到和牙齒問題有關(guān)。B選項(xiàng)“高硫的食物”：根據(jù)第三段第二、三句，細(xì)菌以食物中的蛋白質(zhì)為食，并排放硫化物這種口臭中最難聞的氣體，可知并不是高硫食物導(dǎo)致口臭。C選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)過度”：根據(jù)第五段第一句，運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)用嘴呼吸產(chǎn)生口臭，可知不是運(yùn)動(dòng)過多導(dǎo)致口臭。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Badbreathcanhappenwheneverthenormalflowofsalivaslows（只要唾液的正常流速放緩，就會(huì)有口臭）和第五段第一句Alcohol…anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath（酒精……任何使口腔干燥的東西都會(huì)產(chǎn)生口臭），酒精引發(fā)口臭，而口臭的原因就是唾液流速低于正常速度，可推斷酒精影響唾液正常流動(dòng)，故D選項(xiàng)“它影響唾液正常流動(dòng)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它能阻止致病細(xì)菌繁殖”：文章中沒有提到任何方法阻止細(xì)菌繁殖，只有通過刷牙等清除細(xì)菌的方法。B選項(xiàng)“其氣味加劇口臭”：根據(jù)第八段第二句，含有酒精的漱口水通過氣味掩蓋口臭，沒有提到其氣味加劇口臭。C選項(xiàng)“它能有效殺死細(xì)菌”：根據(jù)第八段第三、四句，漱口水可以殺死部分細(xì)菌，但不能殺死所有致病細(xì)菌，可知漱口水不能有效殺死細(xì)菌。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第八段第四句Thetroubleistheydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms（問題是它們不一定能接觸到所有致病的細(xì)菌），thetrouble交代這是漱口水不能有效治療口臭的主要原因，故B選項(xiàng)“它們無法接觸到所有致病細(xì)菌”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們無法長(zhǎng)時(shí)間掩蓋難聞氣味”：無法長(zhǎng)時(shí)間掩蓋氣味是漱口水不能有效治療口臭的表現(xiàn)。C選項(xiàng)“它們濃烈的氣味和口臭味道混合后加劇口臭”：根據(jù)第八段最后一句如果漱口水中含有酒精——大多數(shù)都含有——會(huì)加劇問題，可知漱口水含有酒精并且加劇口臭。D選項(xiàng)“它們不能覆蓋厚厚的黏液層”：根據(jù)第八段倒數(shù)第二句，大多數(shù)細(xì)菌在厚層黏液中，漱口水不能殺死它們，沒有說到為什么不能和漱口水能不能到達(dá)厚層黏液。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Untilafewyearsago,themostdoctorscoulddowastocounselpatientswithbadbreathaboutoralcleanliness.Nowtheyarefindingnewwaystotreattheusuallycurablecondition.（直到幾年前，醫(yī)生能做的最多的就是建議有口臭的病人保持口腔清潔。現(xiàn)在他們正在尋找新的方法來治療這種通?？梢灾斡募膊。?，對(duì)于治愈口臭，前幾年醫(yī)生能做的有限，而且現(xiàn)在還在尋找方法治愈口臭，可見口臭不容易治愈，故A選項(xiàng)“口臭不容易治愈”正確。B選項(xiàng)“老年人口臭較少”：根據(jù)第六段第一句老年人比年輕人更多有口臭問題，可知老年人口臭問題更多。C選項(xiàng)“酗酒者較少受到口臭的影響”和D選項(xiàng)“口臭受酒精影響較小”：根據(jù)第五段第一句酒精……任何使口腔干燥的東西都會(huì)產(chǎn)生口臭，可知酒精加劇口臭問題并且影響不小。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

Scientistsstudytheworldinwhichwelive.Theydothisbycuriosityandtheycanbecomeexciteduponmakingnoveldiscoveriesandbyfindingmeanstoexplainyetunsolvedquestions.Butscientistsarenormallynotselfish;theyliketosharetheirexcitementwithotherpeople.Theypublishtheirfindingssothatthesebecomewidelyaccessibletoallthoseinterested.

Infact,theycommunicatetheirresultsalsointheirowninterest.Scientistsareeagertotalkwithotherscientistsworkingonthesameandsimilarproblems.Byexchangingresultsandideas,theyhaveabetterchanceofsuccessandtheycanreachtheirgoalmorerapidly.Mostoftentheobjectivesoftheirstudy,beingitinthefieldsofphysics,chemistryorbiology,sharethesamepropertiesanywhereintheworld.ThelawsofnaturearethesameinEuropeandinChina.Forthissimplereasonthedialoguebetweenscientistsdoesnotstopatpoliticalborders.Whereverintheworldascientistfindsacolleagueexploringthesameproblem,anexchangeoftheirknowledgecanhelpthemtoadvancetheirstudies.Forthesereasonsinternationalcollaborationbetweenscientistsisflourishing.

Thereareagreatmanypeoplewhohaveallthematerialconditionsofhappiness,i.e.healthandasufficientincome,andwho,nevertheless,areprofoundlyunhappy.Insuchcasesitwouldseemasifthefaultmustliewithawrongtheoryastohowtolive.Inonesense,wemaysaythatanytheoryastohowtoliveiswrong.Weimagineourselvesmoredifferentfromtheanimalsthanweare.Animalsliveonimpulse,andarehappyaslongasexternalconditionsarefavorable.Ifyouhaveacat,itwillenjoylifeifithasfoodandwarmthandopportunitiesforanoccasionalnightonthetiles.Yourneedsaremorecomplexthanthoseofyoucat,buttheystillhavetheirbasisininstinct.Incivilizedsocieties,especiallyinEnglish-speakingsocieties,thisistooapttobeforgotten.Peopleproposetothemselvessomeparamountobjective,andrestrainallimpulsesthatdonotministertoit.

【答案】科學(xué)家研究我們居住的這個(gè)世界。他們受好奇心驅(qū)使，當(dāng)有新發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)現(xiàn)方法來解釋那些未解之謎時(shí)他們會(huì)變得興奮?？茖W(xué)家一般都不自私，他們樂于將喜悅分享給他人。他們將自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)出版，這樣全世界對(duì)此有興趣的人都能接觸到。

事實(shí)上，他們交流結(jié)果也是為了自己?？茖W(xué)家們渴望與其他研究相同和類似問題的同行交流。通過交換結(jié)果和想法，他們成功的機(jī)會(huì)更大，能更快達(dá)到目標(biāo)。通常他們研究的目標(biāo)大部分是屬于物理、化學(xué)或者生物領(lǐng)域的，這些在世界上任何地方都有相同的特質(zhì)。歐洲和中國(guó)的自然規(guī)律都是一樣的。正是這個(gè)原因使得科學(xué)家之間的對(duì)話不會(huì)為政治界限所阻。只要科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)有同行在研究同一個(gè)問題，無論在世界何處，交換各自的知識(shí)就能幫助對(duì)方推進(jìn)研究。由于這些原因，科學(xué)家之間的國(guó)際合作蓬勃發(fā)展。

很多人具備所有快樂的條件，比如健康以及足夠的收入，但是他們卻并不快樂。就這種情況來說，似乎問題出在生活理論的錯(cuò)誤上。在某個(gè)意義上，我們可以說任何關(guān)于生活的理論都是錯(cuò)誤的。我們和動(dòng)物的區(qū)別并沒有想象中的大。動(dòng)物的生活是沖動(dòng)性的，只要外部條件合適，它們就會(huì)很快樂。如果你有一只貓，它只要有東西吃，感到暖和，晚上偶爾有機(jī)會(huì)出去玩，它就會(huì)很快樂。你的需求遠(yuǎn)比你的貓的要復(fù)雜，但還是以本能為基礎(chǔ)的。在文明社會(huì)中，尤其是在講英語的國(guó)家，這一點(diǎn)很容易被人遺忘。人們給自己提出一個(gè)至高無上的目標(biāo)，并抑制一切不利于實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的沖動(dòng)。

6.單選題

A(n)（）shapehasfourstraightsidesat90°toeachother,twoofwhicharemuchlongerthantheothertwo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.square

B.oval

C.circular

D.oblong

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)square“正方形的，直角的”；B選項(xiàng)oval“橢圓的，卵形的”；C選項(xiàng)circular“循環(huán)的，圓形的”；D選項(xiàng)oblong“長(zhǎng)方形的”。句意：長(zhǎng)方形有四條邊，相鄰兩邊夾角為90度，其中兩條邊長(zhǎng)于另外兩條。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.問答題

Despite(A)hislowopinionof(B)professors—orperhapsin(C)anefforttoimprovethebreed—Smithhimselfeventuallybecameit(D).

【答案】試題答案：D;one

【解析】考查代詞用法。it用以指特定的物，即上下文提到的、同名稱的、同樣事物的那個(gè)名詞，而不是同類事物的其他東西。one表示泛指，指同名稱中的另一事物。此處表示Smith自己最后也成為了一名教授，不是指代前文的professors，因此用one。

8.單選題

Hecausedafalseaccountoftheevent（）inthenewspaper.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadpublished

B.tobepublished

C.beingpublished

D.tohavepublished

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞。causesb.todosth.首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C，事件是被刊登上報(bào)紙的，表被動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：他對(duì)報(bào)紙上刊登的事故進(jìn)行了虛假報(bào)道。

9.單選題

Youngsterswhodrinkandsmoke,andareoftenabsentfromschoolarefarmorelikelytobe（）fromschool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.induced

B.disobeyed

C.expelled

D.forbidden

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A,B,D都不能與介詞from搭配應(yīng)用。beexpelledfromschool意為被學(xué)校開除,符合句意。句意：酗酒、吸煙、經(jīng)常曠課的青少年更有可能被學(xué)校開除。

10.單選題

Badtravelingconditionshadseriously（）theirprogresstotheirdestinationinthat

region.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tugged

B.demolished

C.hampered

D.destroyed

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:惡劣的旅行條件嚴(yán)重（）了他們到達(dá)該地區(qū)目的地的進(jìn)程。tug用力拖，拖拉；demolish毀壞，破壞；hamper妨礙，牽制；destroy毀滅，消滅。C符合句意。

11.單選題

Itisanoffencetoshow（）againstpeopleofdifferentraces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinction

B.difference

C.separation

D.discrimination

【答案】D

【解析】句意:對(duì)不同種族的人表現(xiàn)出歧視是一種冒犯。

考查名詞辨析。distinction區(qū)別，特性;difference差異，不同;separation分離，距離;discrimination歧視，區(qū)別，辨別。故D符合句意。

12.單選題

Afterreceivingthenews,immediate（）wastakenbythelocalgovernmenttostopthediseasespreading.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.activity

B.adventure

C.action

D.measure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。activity“活動(dòng)”；adventure“冒險(xiǎn)”；action“活動(dòng)，行動(dòng)”；measure“測(cè)量，措施”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞take可知此處是表示“采取措施”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意：接到消息后，當(dāng)?shù)卣⒖滩扇〈胧┓乐辜膊÷印?/p>

13.單選題

Waterwillcontinuetobe（

）itistoday—nextinimportancetooxygen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.which

C.as

D.what

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。后面破折號(hào)的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前一句做進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明，空格處所在句子為表語從句，所填詞引導(dǎo)表語從句且在句中做賓語。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：水將依然處于僅次于氧氣的重要地位。

14.單選題

Thewordconservationhasathrifty（節(jié)儉）meaning.Toconserveistosaveandprotect,toleavewhatweourselvesenjoyinsuchgoodconditionthatothersmayalsosharetheenjoyment.Ourforefathershadnoideathathumanpopulationwouldincreasefasterthanthesuppliesofrawmaterials;mostofthem,evenuntilveryrecently,hadthefoolishideathatthetreasureswere“l(fā)imitless”and“inexhaustible”.Mostofthecitizensofearliergenerationsknewlittleornothingaboutthecomplicatedanddelicatesystemthatrunsallthroughnature,andwhichmeansthat,asinalivingbody,anunhealthyconditionofonepartwillsoonerorlaterbeharmfultoalltheothers.

Fiftyyearsagonaturestudywasnotpartoftheschoolwork;scientificforestrywasanewidea;timberwasstillcheapbecauseitcouldbebroughtinanyquantityfromdistantwoodlands,soildestructionandriverfloodswerenotnationalproblems;nobodyhadyetstudiedlong-termsclimaticcyclesinrelationtoproperlanduse;eventheword“conservation”hadnothingofthemeaningthatithasforustoday.

Forthesakeofourselvesandthosewhowillcomeafterus,wemustnowsetaboutrepairingthemistakesofourforefathers.Conservationshould,therefore,bemadeapartofeveryone’sdailylife.Toknowaboutthewatertable（水位）inthegroundisjustasimportanttousasaknowledgeofthebasicarithmeticformulas.Weneedtoknowwhyallwatersheds（上游源頭森林地帶集水區(qū)）needtotheprotectionofplantlifeandwhytherunningcurrentofstreamsandriversmustbemadetoyieldtheirfullbenefittothesoilbeforetheyfinallyescapetothesea.Weneedtobetaughtthedutyofplantingtreesaswellasofcuttingthem.Weneedtoknowtheimportanceofbig,maturetrees,becauselivingspaceformostofman’sfellowcreaturesonthisplanetisfiguredoutonlyinsquaremeasureofsurfacebutalsoincubitvolumeabovetheearth.Inbrief,itshouldbeourgoaltorestoreasmuchoftheoriginalbeautyofnatureaswecan.

1.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationintheexploitationofnaturalresourcesis（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thegreatestmistakeofourforefatherswasthat（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthatearliergenerationsdidn’trealize（

）.

4.Toavoidcorrectingthemistakeofourforefathers,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

5.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.neutral

C.suspicious

D.critical

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyhadnoideaaboutscientificforestry

B.theyhadlittleornosenseofenvironmentalprotection

C.theywerenotawareofthesignificanceofnaturestudy

D.theyhadnoideaofhowtomakegooduseofrawmaterials

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theinterdependenceofwater,soil,andlivingthings

B.theimportanceoftheproperuseofland

C.theharmfulnessofsoildestructionandriverfloods

D.thevalueofthebeautyofnature

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.weplantmoretrees

B.naturalsciencebetaughttoeverybody

C.environmentaleducationbedirectedtowardeveryone

D.wereturntonature

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.OurForefathers’BigMistake

B.ImprovetheLivingConditions

C.ProtectionofOurResources

D.LeadaSimpleLife

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第三句mostofthem,evenuntilveryrecently,hadthefoolishideathatthetreasureswere“l(fā)imitless”and“inexhaustible”提到很多人直到現(xiàn)在還愚蠢地以為那些資源是取之不盡用之不竭的，從foolish這個(gè)單詞可知作者對(duì)此持批判態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.文章第二段主要講述由于幾十年前林業(yè)科學(xué)還是一門沒有普及的學(xué)科，使得我們的祖先們沒有好好保護(hù)環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A,C,D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以歸納為當(dāng)時(shí)的人還沒有環(huán)保意識(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第三段最后一句話Inbrief,itshouldbeourgoaltorestoreasmuchoftheoriginalbeautyofnatureaswecan提到我們應(yīng)該把保存自然原始的美作為目標(biāo)，由此推斷我們的祖先當(dāng)時(shí)沒有把這個(gè)當(dāng)成目標(biāo)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章最后一段使用了多次weneedtoknow,weneedtobetaught等，可知作者提倡使用教育的方法來提高人們的科學(xué)知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)conserve,conservation這兩個(gè)詞，可知作者所要表達(dá)的中心思想便是保護(hù)環(huán)境資源。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（

）byhiscolleagues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.denied

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。imaginative“富于想象力的，有創(chuàng)造力的”；ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，機(jī)靈的”；impractical“不切實(shí)際的”；denied“否定”。由“condemned譴責(zé)”可知此空應(yīng)填貶義詞，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：他的想法總是被同事們指責(zé)為不切實(shí)際。

16.單選題

The（）ofjettravelhasmadetheworldseemsmaller.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.remark

B.relationship

C.removal

D.innovation

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析。remark評(píng)論；relationship關(guān)系；removal去掉；innovation發(fā)明。句意：噴氣式飛機(jī)旅行的發(fā)明似乎使世界變小了。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

17.單選題

Whatismostimportanttothemonkeysinthesanctuaryisthattheyareagroup;thisissobecauseprimatesareinveterately（）andbuildtheirlivesaroundeachother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.independent

B.proprietary

C.social

D.stable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)independent“獨(dú)立的；單獨(dú)的；無黨派的；不受約束的”；B選項(xiàng)proprietary“專賣的，專營(yíng)的；所有的，所有權(quán)的”；C選項(xiàng)social“社會(huì)的，社交的；群居的”；D選項(xiàng)stable“穩(wěn)定的，牢固的；穩(wěn)重的，沉穩(wěn)的；持久的”。句意：對(duì)于禁獵區(qū)的猴子而言，最重要的一點(diǎn)是它們是一個(gè)群體；這之所以如此，是因?yàn)殪`長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物具有一種根深蒂固的群居習(xí)性，均圍繞著對(duì)方而營(yíng)造其生活。

18.單選題

Globalizationisaphenomenonthathasbeenaffectingcountriesandsocietiesforseveraldecades,buttheoutlineoftheglobalsystemhasonlyemergedwithsomeclarityrecently.Theriseofglobalmarketsandtheincreaseinspeedandvolumeofinternationaltransactionshasbroughtaboutadegreeofinterdependenceandco-operationineconomicmattersamongstatesthathasnotsofarbeenmatchedbyacorrespondingincreaseinrespectforandprotectionofhumanrightsanddemocracy.Indeed,manydemocraciesarestillfragile,andhavenotmadethetransitionfromviewingdemocraticpracticesasinstrumentaltohavingawidelysharedprincipledcommitmenttothedemocraticandconstitutionalframework.

Theriseofglobaleconomicnetworkshasledtoariseintheinfluenceofglobalactorssuchasmulti-nationalcorporations,globaleconomicbodiessuchastheWTO,theWorldBank,theIMFandregionaleconomicorganizations.Theseconstituteanewformofglobalgovernancewhosedirectivesandimperativesstatesfindincreasinglydifficulttoignore.Theestablishedinternationalpoliticalorganizationshavenotcomeclosetoreplicatingthiseffectiveness.

Predictionsthatthephenomenonofglobalizationwillresultinaloweringofhumanrightsstandardsasthemobilityofcapitalseeksoutthemarketsleastconstrainedbylaborandhumanrightsstandardstomaximizethehighestreturnsneednotbethecase.Theroleofhumanrightsorganizationsinthiscontextmustbetoensurethatglobalizationdrivesstandardsupnotdown,andtopresentthecasethatfreedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformationarekeytosustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption,whichinturnsupporttheconditionsnecessaryforsustainableeconomicgrowth.

Withthedemandforglobaltradetogohandinhandwithglobalresponsibilityinternationalfinancialinstitutionsarecomingunderincreasingpressuretoregulatetheglobaleconomynotsimplytofacilitateeconomicgrowth,buttopromotecompliancewithhumandevelopment,includinginternationalhumanrightsnorms.Multinationalcorporationshavealsobeenforcedtorecognizeadegreeofcorporatesocialresponsibilityintheareasinwhichtheyoperateandinthecommunitiesonwhichtheyhaveanimpact.Transparencyintheoperationsofsuchcompaniesisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttotheirgainingaccesstocapital.Theyaremoreandmoreaccountabletoshareholders,who,inturnareincreasinglydiffuseandnumerous.Thepursuitof“shareholdervalue”meansthatthereisscoretoensurethattheinvestor—citizenhasasayinthewaythatcompaniesconductthemselves.

Thetaskforthosepromotingfreeexpressionistoharnessnewtechnologiestochallengecensorship,andtoharnessthepowerandinfluenceofnewglobalactorstoensurethattheynotonlytaketheargumentsforfreeexpressiononboard,butbecomevocaladvocatesforsuchrights.

21.Allofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothefirstparagraphexcept（）.

22.Theunderlinedword“which”inthethirdparagraphrefersto（）.

23.Multinationalcorporationshavenotto（）.

24.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsabouttheglobalactorsisnottrue?

25.Whatisnotthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.globalizationhasbeendevelopingsystematicallyforseveraldecades

B.protectionofhumanrightshasn’tincreasedenoughtobecorrespondentwiththepresentsituation

C.democracyhasbeenfullydevelopedintheworld

D.manycountrieshasconstructedademocraticandconstitutionalframework

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.humanrightsorganizations

B.thepreventionofcorruption

C.sustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption

D.freedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.recognizeitssocialresponsibility

B.beresponsibletotheirshareholders

C.betransparentinoperation

D.beresponsibleinothercommunitiesinthesamearea

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarebecomingmoreandmoreinfluential.

B.Sometimestheycaninfluencethedecisionofacountry.

C.Theyarenotsoeffectiveastheinternationalpoliticalorganization.

D.WTOandIMFareincluded.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Topointoutthenegativeeffectsofglobalization.

B.Tobridlethepowerandinfluenceofglobalactors.

C.Tocalltheglobalactorsawarenessofhumanrights.

D.Toharnessnewtechnologiestochallengeexamination.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】21.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干要求，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第一段第二句Theriseofglobalmarketsandtheincreaseinspeedandvolumeofinternationaltransactionshasbroughtaboutadegreeofinterdependenceandco-operationineconomicmattersamongstatesthathasnotsofarbeenmatchedbyacorrespondingincreaseinrespectforandprotectionofhumanrightsanddemocracy.（全球市場(chǎng)的興起以及國(guó)際交易的速度提升和數(shù)量的增加，在各國(guó)之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)中帶來了一定程度的相互依賴和合作，而迄今為止，這些國(guó)家在尊重和保護(hù)人權(quán)與民主方面并沒有相應(yīng)的提升。），從而得出本題答案。

22.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干要求，定位到原文第三段最后一句Theroleofhumanrightsorganizationsinthiscontextmustbetoensurethatglobalizationdrivesstandardsupnotdown,andtopresentthecasethatfreedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformationarekeytosustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption,whichinturnsupporttheconditionsnecessaryforsustainableeconomicgrowth.（人權(quán)組織在這方面的作用必須是確保全球化提高而不是降低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并提出言論自由和獲得官方資料是可持續(xù)的人力和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和防止腐敗的關(guān)鍵，而這反過來又支持可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)所必需的條件。）從而得出本題答案。

23.

細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Multinationalcorporations”定位到原文第四段。選項(xiàng)A與第四段第二句中的recognizeadegreeofcorporatesocialresponsibility對(duì)應(yīng)；選項(xiàng)B與原文第四段第四句中的moreandmoreaccountabletoshareholders；選項(xiàng)C與原文第四段第三句中的Transparencyintheoperations對(duì)應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)D的表述不對(duì)，因?yàn)槲闹袑?duì)需負(fù)責(zé)任的團(tuán)體的限定是onwhichtheyhaveanimpact。即可得出本題答案。

24.

細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干要求定位到原文第二段，由第二段第一句Theriseofglobaleconomicnetworkshasledtoariseintheinfluenceofglobalactors.（全球經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的崛起導(dǎo)致了全球參與者影響力的上升。）可知A正確；由第二段第二句可知選項(xiàng)B正確；D很顯然也是正確的。而通過最后一句“Theestablishedinternationalpoliticalorganizationshavenotcomeclosetoreplicatingthiseffectiveness”說明，國(guó)際政治組織沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)組織有效力?？膳袛噙x項(xiàng)C與原文不符，即可得出本題答案。

25.

主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知作者并未提及全球化的負(fù)面影響。從而得出本題答案。

19.單選題

Theoldladyhasdevelopeda（

）coughwhichcannotbecuredcompletelyinashorttime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perpetual

B.permanent

C.chronic

D.sustained

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。perpetual意為“永久地”；permanent意為“永恒的，不變的”；chronic意為“慢性的”；sustained意為“持久的，持續(xù)的”。

句意：這位老太太得了一種慢性咳嗽，不能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)徹底治愈。

20.寫作題

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordsandwriteyourcompositionneatlyontheAnswerSheet.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtopic：

MyViewontheInternet

【答案】MyViewontheInternet21.單選題

13.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themanisaliar.

B.ThemanisjealousofLisa.

C.Shedoesnotagreewiththemanonthat.

D.ShewillsurelydothesameasLisadoes.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Lisasaysthatthejobtakesthebackseattothefamilyaftersheismarried.Shemustbeagoodwife.

W:Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】女士說：Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes，因此表明女士不同意男士的說法。

22.單選題

Thecourtconsidersafinancial______tobeanappropriatewayofpunishinghim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.option

B.obsession

C.obligation

D.penalty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)option“選擇”；B選項(xiàng)obsession“癡迷，著魔，困擾”；C選項(xiàng)obligation“義務(wù)，責(zé)任”；D選項(xiàng)penalty“懲罰”。根據(jù)punishinghim可知D選項(xiàng)符合語義。句意：法院認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)處罰是懲罰他的適當(dāng)方式。

23.單選題

MuchoftheAmericananxietyaboutoldageisaflightfromtherealityofdeath.OneofthestrikingqualitiesoftheAmericancharacteristheunwillingnesstofaceeitherthefactormeaningofdeath,inthemoresombertraditionofAmericanliterature—fromHawthorneandMelvilleandPoetoFaulknarandHemingway?—onefindsatragicdepththatbeliesthesurfacethinnessoftheordinaryAmericandeathattitudes.Byaneffortoftheimagination,thegreatwritersfacedproblemswhichthecultureinactionisreluctanttofacethefactofdeath,itsmystery,anditsplaceintheback-and-forthshuttlingoftheeternalrecurrence.TheunblinkingconfrontationofdeathinGreektimes,theelaboratetheologicalpatternswovenarounditintheMiddleAges,theritualcelebrationofitintherich,peasantculturesofLatinandSlavicEuropeandinprimitivecultures;thesearedifficulttofindinAmericanlife.

Whetherthroughfearoftheemotionaldepths,orbecauseofadryingupofthesluicesofreligiousintensity,theAmericanavoidsdwellingondeathorevencomingtotermswithit;hefindsitmorbidandreeditsfromit,surroundingitwithwordavoidance(Americansneverdie;they"passaway")andvarioustaboosofspeechandpractice.A"Funeralparlor"isdecoratedtolooklikeabank;everythinginafuneralceremonyisdoneinhushedtones,asifitweresomethingfurtive,tobeconcealedfromtheworld;thereissomuchemphasisonbeingdignifiedthattheceremonyoftenloses'itsqualityofdignity.Insomeoftheprimitivecultures,thereisdifficultyinunderstandingthecausesofdeath;itseemspuzzlingandevenunintelligible.Livingisascientificculture.Americanshavealreadyenoughexplanationofhowitcomes,yettheyshowlittlecapacitytocometotermswiththefactofdeathitselfandwiththegriefthataccompaniesit."Wejubilateoverbirthanddanceatweddings,"writesMargaretMead,"butmoreandmorehustlethedeadoffthescenewithoutceremony,withoutanopportunityforyoungandoldtorealizethatdeathisasmuchafactoflifeasisbirth."And,onemayadd,eveninitshurryandbrevity,thelaststageofanAmerican'slife—thelastoccasionofhisrelationtohissociety—isasstandardizedastherest.

1.InthenovelsofHawthorneandMelville,onewillfind（）.

2.Thewords"passaway"suggestthe（）.

3.UnlikeAmericansociety,someprimitivecultures（）.

4.MargaretMeadsuggeststhat（）.

5.Theword"it"inline2ofparagraph2refersto（）.

6.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinsomeprimitivecultures,（）.

7.Fromthepassage,weteamthatAmericans（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ordinaryAmericandeathattitudes

B.awillingnesstoacceptdeathasafactoflife

C.asuperficialattitudetowarddeath

D.amorbidattitudetothedeaththeme

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.religiousovertonesofdeath

B.indifferencewithwhichmostAmericansregarddeath

C.Americanreluctanttofacetherealityofdeath

D.averageAmericanbeliefinimmortality

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.donotunderstandthecausesofdeath

B.understandthecausesofdeath

C.areunabletocometotermswithdeath

D.haveamorbidattitudetowarddeath

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.weshouldsotrejoiceatabirth

B.weshouldcryatabirthandrejoiceatafuneral

C.aweddingshouldbesolemnaffair

D.weshouldacceptbothdeathmidmarriageandbirthasafactoflife

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.fear

B.religiousintegrity

C.dwellingondeath

D.death

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.deathisacceptedhappily

B.deathhasbeentreatedasamystery

C.deathhasbeenbestowedwithrichculturalimplications

D.mentioningofdeathisavoidedinAmericanculture

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.knowscientificallyhowdeathcomesabout

B.treatdeathasamystery

C.acceptdeathsquarely

D.knowmoreaboutdeaththanpeopleinothercountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:B

第7題:A

【解析】