考研考博-英語-嘉興學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-嘉興學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

（

）thecaraccident,theywouldhavearrivedearlier.

問題1選項

A.Exceptfor

B.Butfor

C.Besides

D.Savefor

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞辨析。exceptfor除了……以外；butfor要不是……；besides此外，而且；savefor保存為，除……之外。句意：要不是那場車禍，他們可能早就到了。由下文theywouldhavearrivedearlier可知該句表示的是與過去事實相反的虛擬。butfor+n/pron，用于虛擬語氣。故答案B

2.單選題

Freemedicalserviceis（）tonearlyallthecollegestudentsinChina.

問題1選項

A.favorite

B.available

C.convenient

D.average

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。favorite“最喜愛的”；available“可獲得的”；convenient“方便的”；average“普通的，平均的”。句意：所有中國大學(xué)生都（）免費醫(yī)療服務(wù)。只有B項符合句意，beavailableto可得到…的，大學(xué)生能得到免費醫(yī)療服務(wù)。答案B

3.單選題

Oneoftheimportantpropertiesofascientifictheoryisitsabilitiesto（）furtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

問題1選項

A.stimulate

B.renovate

C.invent

D.advocate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。stimulate“起刺激作用”；renovate“更新；修復(fù)”；invent“發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造”；advocate“提倡；擁護”?！翱茖W(xué)理論的一個重要特征”與后面的“進一步研究”“更深層次的思考”的關(guān)系是前者“促進”后者的發(fā)生，因此選項A符合題意。

4.單選題

Whydoescreamgobadfasterthanbutter?Someresearchersthinktheyhavetheanswer,anditcomesdowntothestructureofthefood,notitschemicalcomposition—afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemicalpreservatives.

Creamandbuttercontainprettymuchthesamesubstances,sowhycreamshouldsourmuchfasterhasbeenamystery.Bothareemulsions—tinyglobules（小球體）ofoneliquidevenlydistributedthroughoutanother.Thedifferenceliesinwhat’sintheglobulesandwhat’sinthesurroundingliquid,saysBrocklehurst,wholedtheinvestigation.

Incream,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofawaterysolutionarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteriawhichmakethefoodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryregionsofthemixture.“Thismeansthatincream,thebacteriaarefreetogrowthroughoutthemixture.”Hesays.

Whenthesituationisreversed,thebacteriaarelockedawayincompartmentsburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,individualcoloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunoutofnutrients.Theyalsoslowlypoisonthemselveswiththeirwasteproducts.“Inbutter,yougetaself-limitingsystemwhichstopsthehoteliergrowing.”SaysBrocklehurst.

Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieskeentoseeiftheirproductscanbemaderesistanttobacterialattackthroughalterationstothefood’sstructure.Brocklehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomaketheemulsionsusedinsaladcream,forinstance,morelikethatinbutter.Thekeywillbetodothiswhilekeepingthesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitintoasolidlump.

1.ThesignificanceofBrocklehurst’sresearchisthat（

）.

2.Accordingtotheresearchers,creamsoursfasterthanbutterbecausebacteria

（

）.

3.AccordingtoBrocklehurst,wecankeepcreamfreshby

（

）.

4.Theword‘‘colonies’’refersto

（

）.

5.Commercialapplicationoftheresearchfindingwillbepossibleifsaladcreamcanbemaderesistanttobacterialattack（

）.

問題1選項

A.itsuggestedawaytokeepsomefoodsfreshwithoutpreservatives

B.itdiscoveredtinyglobulesinbothcreamandbutter.

C.itrevealedthesecretofhowbacteriamultiplyincreamandbutter.

D.itfoundthatcreamandbuttersharethesamechemicalcomposition

問題2選項

A.aremoreevenlydistributedincream

B.multiplymoreeasilyincreamthaninbutter

C.liveonlessfatincreamthaninbutter

D.producelesswasteincreamthaninbutter

問題3選項

A.removingitsfat

B.killingthebacteria

C.reducingitswatercontent

D.alteringitsstructure

問題4選項

A.tinyglobules

B.bacteriacommunities

C.wateryregions

D.littlecompartment

問題5選項

A.byvaryingitschemicalcomposition

B.byturningitintoasolidhump

C.whilekeepingitsstructureunchanged

D.whileretainingitsliquidform

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Brocklehurst,wholedtheinvestigation.”，可知對于為什么奶油比黃油壞的問題的研究是由Brocklehurst主導(dǎo)的。又根據(jù)文章第一段，“afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemicalpreservatives.”，可知對這一問題研究的結(jié)果和發(fā)現(xiàn)，有助于幫助去除一些加工食品中的化學(xué)防腐劑。可判斷出Brocklehurst的研究的意義在于提供了一種可以不使用防腐劑而使某些食品保持新鮮的方法。因此選項A符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Incream,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofawaterysolutionarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteriawhichmakethefoodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryregionsofthemixture.”，可知在奶油中，脂肪球在水中漂浮。在黃油中，水樣溶液的小球被鎖在脂肪中。而使食物變壞的細菌更喜歡生活在混合物的含水區(qū)域?？膳袛喑鲈谀逃椭?，細菌更容易在這種混合物中生存繁殖，所以奶油會更快變質(zhì)。因此選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieskeentoseeiftheirproductscanbemaderesistanttobacterialattackthroughalterationstothefood’sstructure.”，可知研究人員已經(jīng)在與食品公司合作，希望能通過改變食物的結(jié)構(gòu)使其具有抵抗細菌攻擊的能力?？膳袛喑鲅芯空連rocklehurst表示，我們可以通過改變食物的結(jié)構(gòu)來使奶油保險，抵抗細菌入侵。因此選項D符合題意。

4.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Whenthesituationisreversed,thebacteriaarelockedawayincompartmentsburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,individualcoloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunoutofnutrients.”，可知當(dāng)情況發(fā)生逆轉(zhuǎn)時，細菌被鎖在深埋在脂肪海洋中的隔間里。根據(jù)trappedinthisway可判斷出，此句是對上一句情況的繼續(xù)描述，所以非謂語動詞的邏輯主語仍然不會改變，這里的colonies和上文的bacteria是同一事物，都為主語?？膳袛喑鯿olonies也是指細菌。因此選項B符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Brocklehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomaketheemulsionsusedinsaladcream,forinstance,morelikethatinbutter.Thekeywillbetodothiswhilekeepingthesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitintoasolidlump.”，可知Brocklehurst認為將有可能制造出用于沙拉醬中的乳劑，就像用于黃油的乳劑一樣。關(guān)鍵是在保持沙拉醬液體的狀態(tài)，而不是變成固體塊?？膳袛喑鋈绻苁股忱u在保持液態(tài)的狀態(tài)下能同時抵抗細菌的侵襲，那么這項研究成果將有可能用于商業(yè)用途，所以關(guān)鍵在于是要保持液體狀態(tài)。因此選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

Thearchaeologist（

）thatthevasewas3500yearsold.

問題1選項

A.utilized

B.upheld

C.estimated

D.sustained

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。utilized“利用”；upheld“堅持，維護”；estimated“估計”；sustained“維持”。句意：考古學(xué)家估計這個花瓶有3500年的歷史了。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

Hehadafallandhavea（）fractureinabone.

問題1選項

A.hairgrip

B.hairpiece

C.hairline

D.hairstyle

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項hairgrip“發(fā)夾”；B選項hairpiece“假發(fā)”；C選項hairline“發(fā)際線，極細的線，細縫”；D選項hairstyle“發(fā)型”。hairlinefracture是一醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語，“骨裂”，即一種如頭發(fā)般的單處骨折裂痕。句意：他摔了一跤，骨裂了。因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

HistorianssuchasLeRoyLadurichaveusedthedocumentstoextractcasehistories,whichhave（）theattitudesofdifferentsocialgroupsandhaverevealedhowtheauthoritiesadministeredjustice.

問題1選項

A.laminated

B.ruminated

C.illuminated

D.eliminated

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。laminate“分成薄片”；ruminate“沉思，反復(fù)思考”；illuminate“闡明，說明”；eliminate“消除，排除”。句意：羅伊?拉杜里克這樣一些歷史家從記錄中提取出歷史案例，這些案例說明了不同社會群體的態(tài)度以及他們是如何執(zhí)行司法的。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Wecanbesure,however,thatcitieswillremainthegroundzeroofconvergence.Althoughforestclearanceandexportmonocultureshaveplayedfundamentalrolesinthetransitiontoanewgeologicalepoch,theprimemoverhasbeenthealmostexponentialincreaseinthecarbonfootprintsofurbanregionsinthenorthernhemisphere.Heatingandcoolingtheurbanbuiltenvironmentaloneisresponsibleforanestimated35to45percentofcurrentcarbonemissions,whileurbanindustriesandtransportationcontributeanother35to40percent.Inasense,citylifeisrapidlydestroyingtheecologicalnicheHoloceneclimatestabilitywhichmadeitsevolutionintocomplexitypossible.

Yetthereisastrikingparadoxhere.Whatmakesurbanareassoenvironmentallyunsustainablearepreciselythosefeatures,eveninthelargestmegacities,thataremostanti-urbanorsuburban.Firstamongtheseismassivehorizontalexpansion,whichcombinesthedegradationofvitalnaturalservicesaquifers,watersheds,truckfarms,forests,coastaleco-systemswiththehighcostsofprovidinginfrastructuretosprawl.Theresultisgrotesquelyoversizedenvironmentalfootprints,withaconcomitantgrowthoftrafficandairpollutionand,mostoften,thedownstreamdumpingofwaste.Whereurbanformsaredictatedbyspeculatorsanddevelopers,bypassingdemocraticcontrolsoverplanningandresources,thepredictablesocialoutcomesareextremespatialsegregationbyincomeorethnicity,aswellasunsafeenvironmentsforchildren,theelderlyandthosewithspecialneeds;inner-citydevelopmentisconceivedasgentrificationthrougheviction,destroyingworking-classurbancultureintheprocess.Tothesewemayaddthesocio-politicalfeaturesofthemegapolisunderconditionsofcapitalistglobalization:thegrowthofperipheralslumsandinformalemployment,theprivatizationofpublicspace,low-intensitywarfarebetweenpoliceandsubsistencecriminals,andbunkeringofthewealthyinsterilizedhistoricalcentersorwalledsuburbs.

Bycontrast,thosequalitiesthataremost‘classically’urban,evenonthescaleofsmallcitiesandtowns,combinetogenerateamorevirtuouscircle.Wheretherearewell-definedboundariesbetweencityandcountryside,urbangrowthcanpreserveopenspaceandvitalnaturalsystems,whilecreatingenvironmentaleconomiesofscaleintransportationandresidentialconstruction.Accesstocitycentersfromtheperipherybecomesaffordableandtrafficcanberegulatedmoreeffectively.Wasteismoreeasilyrecycled,notexporteddownstream.Inclassicurbanvisions,publicluxuryreplacesprivatizedconsumptionthroughthesocializationofdesireandidentitywithincollectiveurbanspace.Largedomainofpublicornon-profithousingreproduceethnicandincomeheterogeneityatfractalscalesthroughoutthecity.Egalitarianpublicservicesandcityscapesaredesignedwithchildren,theelderlyandthosewithspecialneedsinmind.Democraticcontrolsofferpowerfulcapacitiesforprogressivetaxationandplanning,withhighlevelsofpoliticalmobilizationandcivicparticipation,thepriorityofcivicmemoryoverproprietaryiconsandthespatialintegrationofwork,recreationandhomelife.

1.Astheauthordiscussestheissuesinthispassage,hesounds（）.

2.Whyinmanybigcitiesthereareextremespatialsegregationbyincomeorethnicity,aswellasunsafeenvironmentsforchildren,theelderlyandthosewithspecialneeds?

3.Whatdoestheword“these”inthesecondparagraphreferto?

4.Whichofthefollowingwordsisnotsynonymoustotheword“virtuous”inthelastparagraph?

5.Whichofthefollowingwillnotbetheoutcomeundertheconditionthattherearewell-definedboundariesbetweencityandcountryside?

問題1選項

A.critical

B.neutral

C.optimistic

D.pessimistic

問題2選項

A.Becausetheegalitarianaspectsofcitylifeconsistentlyprovidethebestsociologicalandphysicalsupportsforresourceconservationandcarbonmitigation.

B.Becausemassivehorizontalexpansioncombinesthedegradationofvitalnaturalserviceswiththehighcostsofprovidinginfrastructuretosprawl.

C.Becauseurbanformsaredictatedbyspeculatorsanddevelopers,bypassingdemocraticcontrolsoverplanningandresources.

D.Becausetherearegrotesquelyoversizedenvironmentalfootprints,withaconcomitantgrowthoftrafficandairpollutionand,mostoften,thedownstreamdumpingofwaste.

問題3選項

A.urbanareas.

B.Thosefeatures.

C.Thelargestmegacities

D.Vitalnaturalservices

問題4選項

A.wholesome

B.righteous

C.efficacious

D.pernicious

問題5選項

A.Wasteismoreeasilyrecycled,notexporteddownstream.

B.Urbangrowthcancreateenvironmentaleconomiesofscaleintransportationandresidentialconstruction.

C.Accesstocitycentersfromtheperipherybecomesunaffordableandtrafficcanberegulatedmoreineffectively.

D.Urbangrowthcanpreserveopenspaceandvitalnaturalsystems.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.作者態(tài)度題。整篇文章作者都是客觀地闡述了大城市的城市化對生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞，但是小城市、小鎮(zhèn)的城市化和生態(tài)環(huán)境結(jié)合起來就會產(chǎn)生良性循環(huán)。其中沒有作者過多個人觀點的表達。所以對文中的問題作者持中立的態(tài)度。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Whereurbanformsaredictatedbyspeculatorsanddevelopers,bypassingdemocraticcontrolsoverplanningandresources”，可知城市形態(tài)是由投機者和開發(fā)商決定的，繞過了對規(guī)劃和資源的民主監(jiān)督，這造成了空間隔離和環(huán)境問題。選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“Whatmakesurbanareassoenvironmentallyunsustainablearepreciselythosefeatures,eveninthelargestmegacities,thataremostanti-urbanorsuburban.”，可知使城市地區(qū)在環(huán)境上的問題正是因為這些特點，即使在最大的大城市也是反城市的?？膳袛喑鰐hese指代的就是上文提到的features，選項B符合題意。

4.詞義理解題。wholesome“健全的”；righteous“正義的”；efficacious“有效的”；pernicious“有毒的，惡性的”。句意：相比之下，那些最典型的城市特征，與一些小城市或城鎮(zhèn)結(jié)合起來也會形成一個更良性的循環(huán)。所以virtuous意思為良性的，只有pernicious不是它的同義詞。選項D符合題意。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Accesstocitycentersfromtheperipherybecomesaffordableandtrafficcanberegulatedmoreeffectively.”，可知從郊區(qū)進入市中心的交通費用降低了，交通也可以得到更有效的管理。所以C選項中的unaffordable與文意相反。選項C符合題意。

9.單選題

Thereisnoelectricityagain.A（

）hasblown,causingthelightstofail.

問題1選項

A.fuse

B.wire

C.plug

D.circuit

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。fuse“保險絲，熔線”；wire“金屬絲”；plug“插頭”；circuit“電路”。句意：又停電了。保險絲壞了，導(dǎo)致停電了。因此選項A符合題意

10.單選題

Sinceabout1800,nearthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,coal,petroleum,andgashavebeenusedatarapidlyincreasingrate.Thesupplyofthese（1）islimited,andelectricpowerisvery（2）inmanyplaces.Somescientistsbelievesolarenergyistheonly（3）whichcanmeettheworld’senormous（4）forpower.

Greatprogresshadbeenmadeinharnessingthesun.Notonlyisthesunnowusedincooking,（5）italsosuppliespowerfor（6）thingsasbeaconlightsforshipsandairplanes.It（7）telephonelines,portableradios,electricclocks,hearingaids,andevencommunication.SomehomesandofficebuildingsintheUnitedStatesarenowbeing（8）withsolarenergy.

Thethreemostsignificanttypesofsolarequipment（9）arethefurnace,thestill,andthecell.Solarfurnacesheatwaterorair,（10）isthencirculatedthroughabuildingtomakeitcomfortable.

Solarstillsare（11）importantbecausetheycanprovide（12）wateratarelativelycheaprate.Saltcaneasilybe（13）fromseawaterwithasolarstill.

Themosthighlydevelopedtypeofsolar（14）equipmentisthesolarcell.Somecellsareso（15）thattheycanturn16percentoftheenergytheyreceivefromthesun（16）electricenergy.Oneofthecell’sbiggestadvantagesis（17）itcanbemadeeithersmallenoughtocarry（18）largeenoughtoproduceacurrentthatcanrunanautomobile.Besides,ithasaverylonglife.Itisstilltooexpensiveforthe（19）consumerbutwhenwaysare（20）toproduceitmorecheaply,wecanexpectitsusetobewide-spread.

問題1選項

A.materials

B.ores

C.reserves

D.fuels

問題2選項

A.abundant

B.adequate

C.scarce

D.rare

問題3選項

A.means

B.source

C.solution

D.resource

問題4選項

A.need

B.desire

C.necessity

D.supply

問題5選項

A.moreover

B.besides

C.however

D.but

問題6選項

A.some

B.many

C.such

D.these

問題7選項

A.connects

B.operates

C.drives

D.manufactures

問題8選項

A.heated

B.burnt

C.equipped

D.built

問題9選項

A.eversince

B.nowonder

C.inall

D.sofar

問題10選項

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.it

問題11選項

A.specially

B.especially

C.essentially

D.specifically

問題12選項

A.fresh

B.healthy

C.boiled

D.cool

問題13選項

A.dissolved

B.distinguished

C.divided

D.removed

問題14選項

A.electric

B.electronic

C.power

D.heating

問題15選項

A.powerful

B.resourceful

C.efficient

D.reliable

問題16選項

A.through

B.into

C.by

D.with

問題17選項

A.how

B.that

C.because

D.which

問題18選項

A.but

B.so

C.or

D.too

問題19選項

A.tipical

B.normal

C.average

D.general

問題20選項

A.discovered

B.invented

C.disclosed

D.revealed

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:B

第18題:C

第19題:C

第20題:A

【解析】（1）考查名詞詞義辨析。從上下文可知，these指的是前面提到的coal,petroleum,gas這幾種燃料，所以空格處應(yīng)該也填寫表示燃料的詞。選項D符合題意。

（2）考查形容詞詞義辨析。abundant“豐富的”；adequate“充足的”；scarce“缺乏的，不足的”；rare“稀有的”。前文提到這些燃料有限，and后面的“electricpower”應(yīng)該與前文燃料一樣有限，所以選項C符合題意。

（3）考查名詞詞義辨析。語意：一些科學(xué)家認為太陽能會是唯一_____能夠滿足世界對能源的強烈_______。太陽能屬于一種能源，所以source符合題意。means“手段，方法”；solution“解決方法”；resource“資源”，比如人力資源。選項B符合題意。

（4）考查固定搭配。Meettheneedfor滿足······的需求。語意：一些科學(xué)家認為太陽能會是唯一一種能源能夠滿足世界對能源的強烈需求。選項A符合題意。

（5）考查固定搭配。Notonly…butalso為固定搭配，also可以省略，意識是“既······又······”。所以選項D符合題意。

（6）考查固定搭配。such…as…意思是“像······這樣”。選項C符合題意。

（7）考查動詞詞義辨析。與telephonelines,portableradios,electricclocks搭配的動詞只有operate，選項B符合題意。connect“連接”；drive“推動”；manufacture“制造”。

（8）考查動詞詞義辨析。heat“加熱”；burn“燃燒”；equip“裝備，配備”；build“建造”。根據(jù)上下文可知這里闡述的是太陽能的另一個用途：取暖。選項A符合題意。

（9）考查詞組辨析。eversince“自從······以來”；nowonder“怪不得”；inall“總共，共計”；sofar“到目前為止”。將各個詞組的意思代入到句子中，選項D符合題意。

（10）考查語法知識。逗號前面是一個完整的句子，所以空格所處的句子是非限制性定語從句。只有which能夠引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以選項C符合題意。

（11）考查副詞詞義辨析。specially“專門地”；especially“尤其，特別”；essentially“本質(zhì)上”；specifically“明確地”。空格中的副詞是用來修飾important這個單詞，來表示程度，“尤其重要”，選項B符合題意。

（12）考查形容詞詞義辨析。fresh“新鮮的；淡水的”；healthy“健康的”；boiled“煮沸的”；cool“涼爽的，冷靜的”。根據(jù)后面一句Saltcaneasilybe_fromseawater,主語是salt，可知空格處是通過蒸餾來獲取freshwater“淡水”，選項A符合題意。

（13）考查動詞詞義辨析?？崭袼诰涞闹髡Z是salt，語意：鹽通過太陽能蒸餾器能夠很容易從海水中分離出來。選項D符合題意。dissolve“溶解”，一般指固體溶解在液體中；distinguish“區(qū)分”；divide“分割”；remove“移除”。

（14）考查名詞詞義辨析。electric“電”；electronic“電子”；power“電力；動力”；heating“暖氣”。結(jié)合下文可知，太陽能蓄電池（solarcell）可以產(chǎn)生電能(electricenergy)，所以solarcell是一種動力設(shè)備，選項C符合題意。

（15）考查形容詞詞義辨析。powerful“強有力的”；resourceful“資源豐富的”；efficient“效率高的”；reliable“可靠的”。后面提到16%的電能轉(zhuǎn)化率，所以空格處是說明效率高，選項C符合題意。

（16）考查動詞詞組固定搭配。turn······into…“將······轉(zhuǎn)化為······”。選項B符合題意。

（17）考查語法知識?？崭裉幍倪B接詞引導(dǎo)一個表語從句，從句句子完整，所以填入關(guān)系代詞that。選項B符合題意。

（18）考查固定搭配。either······or······“要么······要么······”。選項C符合題意。

（19）考查形容詞詞義辨析。typical“典型的”；normal“正常的”；average“平均的”；general“一般的，普通的”。句意：對于_____消費者來說太陽能電池還有太貴了。averagepeople“普通人”符合題意。選項C符合題意。

（20）考查動詞搭配?？崭裉巹釉~要能夠與way搭配。discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；invent“發(fā)明”；disclose“公開”；reveal“揭露”。ways在這里是“方法”的意思，所以選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Theanalysissuggeststhatthetradeoffbetweenourchildren’scollegeandourownretirementsecurityischilling.

問題1選項

A.frightening

B.promising

C.freezing

D.revealing

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。chilling指令人寒心的，使人恐懼的。選項A與之意思相近，正確。

12.單選題

Iknowcold.AndallyouMinnesotapeoplemaydiscountmebecauseIamfromPhoenix,buttrustme,Iknowcold.Ihaveclimbedthehighestpeakoneachcontinent(thefamedSevenSummits)andhaveskiedtoboththeNorthandSouthPoles—afeatknownastheAdventureGrandSlam.Eachmountainandpolarexpeditionwasverydifferent—withtheexceptionofonething:thecold.

OfalltheremoteplacesIhavebeen,Antarctica—landofthefrozentundra—isperhapsmyfavorite.Italsohappenstobethecoldestplaceonearth.Thecontinentisapproximately98percenticeand2percentrock.Temperaturesinthewinterhavereached128-below.Ihavebeentheretwice;oncetoclimbtheVinsonMassifandoncetoskisix-hundredmilesfromtheedgeofthewesternAntarcticiceshelfallthewaytotheSouthPole.“Whywouldyouwanttosufferlikethat”isaquestionIgetallthetime.Andsure,therearetimeswhenyouarefeelinglikeyouwanttotakeabreakfromthefrigidconditionsandgoinsidethelodgeandgetacupofhotcocoa...butyoucan’t.ThereisnoskilodgeinthemiddleofAntarctica.There’sjustyou,your1501bsledwhichisharnessedtoyourwaist(containingallofyourgearandsupplies),yourteammates(unlessyouareonasolotrip—nothanks)andthecold.Soyoumakepeacewiththesub-zerotemperatures,becauseyou’regoingtobeinthemforthebetterpartoftwomonths.

Sothinkingbackonmyexperienceshere’swhyyoushouldbeokaywithacoupleofdaysofpolarvortex—because1)youcangoinside,and2)becauseitmakesyousmarter—oratleastsmarterthanthewarmweatherdoes.Yep.Goodnewsforthoseincitiesaffectedbythevortex:coldweathercanactuallybereallygoodforyou.Notjustbecauseyouburnmorefatwhenit’scold,butbecauseyourbrainworksbetterwhenit’scold.AccordingtoanarticlebyAdrianWardthatappearedinScientificAmerican,ittakesmoreenergytocoolyourbodywhenit’shotthanitdoestowarmitupwhenyou’recold.Theenergycomesfromglucose...whichisalsonecessaryforthebrain’smentalprocesses.Sobasically,coolingoffwhenitishotusesmoreglucosethanwarmingupwhenit’scold;thusleavinglessavailableglucoseforthebrain.Therefore,wecanassumethatcoldweatherisbetterforthebrain.Quick—everyonegotaketheMENSAtestbeforethetemperaturewarmsupagain!

1.Whatdothemountainstheauthorhasclimbedhaveincommon?

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAntarctica?

3.WhatisnotavailableinthemiddleofAntarctica?

4.Whyiscoldweatherbetterforthebrain?

5.WecanlearnfromthetestthattheMENSAtestisakindof_____.

問題1選項

A.TheyarealllocatedintheNorthPole.

B.TheyarealllocatedintheSouthPole.

C.Theyhavethesameelevations.

D.Theyareallveryfrigid.

問題2選項

A.Thereisabout98%waterand2%ice.

B.Thetemperaturestherecanreach128degreecentigrade.

C.Itisthesecondcoldestplaceonearth.

D.ThereisamountaincalledVinsonMassif.

問題3選項

A.Skilodge.

B.Sled.

C.Supplies.

D.Camera.

問題4選項

A.Becauseyoucanburnmorefatwhenitiscold.

B.Becauseyoucangoinsideskilodgesandtakeabreakwhenitiscold.

C.Becauseyoucanleavemoreglucoseforthebrainwhenitiscold.

D.Becausetheenergyyouneedforthebraincomesfromice.

問題5選項

A.psychiatrictest

B.intelligencetest

C.personalitytest

D.admissiontest

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第一段最后一句話Eachmountainandpolarexpeditionwasverydifferent—withtheexceptionofonething:thecold.“每一個山脈和極地探險都非常不同——除了一件事：寒冷”從這里可以知道答案選D選項“他們都非常寒冷”；A選項“它們都位于北極”，定位到第一段第三句話…h(huán)aveskiedtoboththeNorthandSouthPoles…“……曾經(jīng)南極和北極都滑過……”，從這里可知A屬于反向干擾；

B選項“它們都位于南極”，見A選項，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項“他們有相同的海拔高度”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

2.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第二段第五句話…h(huán)avebeentheretwice;oncetoclimbtheVinsonMassif“……到過這兩次；有一次去爬文森山”，從這里可知D選項“那有一座山叫文森山”正確；

A選項“大約98%是水，2%是冰”，定位到第二段第三句話Thecontinentisapproximately98percenticeand2percentrock.“這塊大陸大約98%是冰，2%是巖石”，從這里可知A選項錯誤，屬于反向干擾；

B選項“那里的溫度可以達到128攝氏度”，定位到第二段第四句話Temperaturesinthewinterhavereached128-below.“冬天的氣溫已經(jīng)達到零下128度”從關(guān)鍵詞below可知B選項錯誤，屬于反向干擾；

C選項“它是地球上第二冷的地方”，第二段第二句話Italsohappenstobethecoldestplaceonearth.“它也是地球上最冷的地方”，從這里可知C選項錯誤，屬于反向干擾。

3.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第二段倒數(shù)第三句ThereisnoskilodgeinthemiddleofAntarctica.“南極洲中部沒有滑雪旅館”，從這里可知答案選A“滑雪旅館”；

B選項“雪橇”，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句話There’sjustyou,your1501bsledwhichisharnessedtoyourwaist(containingallofyourgearandsupplies),yourteammates…andthecold.“只有你，腰間系著1501b雪橇(包括你所有的裝備和補給)，你的隊友，還有寒冷”，從這里可知B選項不符合題意，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項“補給”，見B選項，這里屬于反向干擾；

D選項“照相機”文章沒有提及屬于無中生有。

4.事實細節(jié)題。定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第三句Sobasically,coolingoffwhenitishotusesmoreglucosethanwarmingupwhenit’scold;thusleavinglessavailableglucoseforthebrain.“所以基本上，在熱的時候降溫比在冷的時候升溫需要更多的葡萄糖；這樣就減少了大腦可用的葡萄糖”，從這里可知答案選C“因為冷的時候你可以給大腦留下更多的葡萄糖”；

A選項“因為天氣冷的時候可以燃燒更多的脂肪”，定位到最后一段第四句話Notjustbecauseyouburnmorefatwhenit’scold,butbecauseyourbrainworksbetterwhenit’scold.“這不僅是因為你在冷的時候燃燒了更多的脂肪，還因為你的大腦在冷的時候工作得更好”，從這里可知這不是大腦在冷環(huán)境中運行的更好的原因，這里屬于出處錯誤；

B選項“因為天氣冷的時候你可以去滑雪小屋休息一下”，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第三句ThereisnoskilodgeinthemiddleofAntarctica“南極洲中部沒有滑雪旅館”，這不是大腦在冷環(huán)境中運行的更好的原因，這里屬于出處錯誤；

D選項“因為你大腦所需的能量來自冰”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

5.推理判斷題，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句Therefore,wecanassumethatcoldweatherisbetterforthebrain.“因此，我們可以假設(shè)寒冷的天氣對大腦更好”，這里說完冷的環(huán)境對大腦運行有利就趕緊督促別人去考MENS，就說明這考試與大腦也就是智力有關(guān)，所以答案選B“智力測試”；

A選項“心理測試”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

C選項“性格測試”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項“入學(xué)考試”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

13.單選題

Whendepartmentstoreshaveanoversupplyofgoods,theyfrequently（）pricestoencouragesales.

問題1選項

A.conceal

B.review

C.damage

D.reduce

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項conceal“隱藏；隱瞞”；B選項review“回顧；檢查；復(fù)審”；C選項damage“損害，毀壞”D選項reduce“減少；降低”。句意：當(dāng)百貨公司的商品供過于求時，他們經(jīng)常降價以促進銷量。空格處動詞的賓語是“價格”，根據(jù)后面的“以促進銷量”可知D項符合句意。

14.寫作題

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“CulturalDifferenceandIntegration"accordingtotheideagivenbelowinChinese.

不同文化是各民族社會生活存在和發(fā)展的外在表現(xiàn)形式，其差異性表現(xiàn)有適應(yīng)于其文化個性發(fā)展的環(huán)境、條件和進程，但是國際化的發(fā)展使得文化的融合和整合成為必然的趨勢，在這一潮流中文化的融合和民族文化的傳承和個性發(fā)揚似乎是矛盾的存在，談?wù)勀愕目捶ê椭鲝垺?/p>

【答案】范文：

CulturalDifferenceandIntegration15.單選題

SincetheSecondWorldWar,therivalryinmilitarystrengthbetweentheworld’sgreatpowershasproduceda（）balancedpeace.

問題1選項

A.peculiarly

B.radically

C.precariously

D.rapidly

【答案】C

【解析】句意:自二戰(zhàn)以來，世界大國間的軍備競賽產(chǎn)生了一種不穩(wěn)定的均勢和平。

考查副詞辨析。peculiarly尤其，古怪地；radically根本上，徹底地；precariously危險地，不安全地，不穩(wěn)定地；rapidly迅速地，很快，立即。因此C符合句意。

16.單選題

The（）pointofviewpresentsideasandfactsthatbothsupportersandopponentscanagree.

問題1選項

A.main

B.controversial

C.subjective

D.neutral

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項main“主要的，最大的”，B選項controversial“引起爭論的，有爭議的”，C選項subjective“主觀的，個人的”，D選項neutral“中立的，中性的”，中立的觀點代表了支持者和反對者都能認同的觀點和事實。因此，D選項符合句意。

17.單選題

Dowomentendtodevaluetheworthoftheirwork?Dotheyapplydifferentstandardstorewardingtheirownworkmorecriticallythantheydotorewardingtheworkofothers?ThesewerethequestionsaskedbyMichiganStateUniversitypsychologistsLawrenceMesseandCharleneCallahan-Levy.Pastexperimentshadshownthatwhenwomenwereaskedtodecidehowmuchtopaythemselvesandotherpeopleforthesamejob,theypaidthemselvesless.Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.

Onetheorythepsychologiststestedwasthatwomenjudgetheirownworkmoreharshlythanthatofothers.ThesubjectsfortheexperimenttestingthistheoryweremenandwomenfromtheMichiganStateundergraduatestudentbody.Thejobthesubjectswereaskedtoperformforpaywasanopinionquestionnairerequiringanumberofshortessaysoncampus-relatedissues.Aftercompletingthequestionnaire,somesubjectsweregivensixdollarsinbillsandchangeandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforthemselves.Othersweregiventhesameamountandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforanothersubjectwhohadalsocompletedthequestionnaire.

Thepsychologistsfoundthat,asinearlierexperiments,thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves.Theyalsofoundthatthewomenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.Thedifferencesweresubstantial.Theaveragepaidtowomenbythemselveswas$2.97.Theaveragepaidtomenbythemselveswas$4.06.Theaveragepaidtowomenbyotherswas$4.37.Inspiteofthedifferences,thepsychologistsfoundthatthemenandthewomenintheexperimentevaluatedtheirownperformancesonthequestionnaireaboutequallyandbetterthantheexpectedperformancesofothers.

Onthebasisofthesefindings,MesseandCallahan-Levyconcludedthatwomen'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability.

1.Theexperimentdesignedinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttotheformulation(表述)ofatheoryconcerningthe________.

2.HowistheresearchofMesseandCallahan-Levyrelatedtoearlierexperimentsinthesamefield?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythefa