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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川美術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatthesealevel.Nearlyone-thirdofallhumanbeingslivewithin36milesofacoastline.Mostoftheworld’sgreatseaportcitieswouldbe(1):NewOrleans,Amsterdam,Shanghai,andCairo.Somecountries—MaldivesIslandsintheIndianOcean,islandsinthePacific—wouldbeinundated.HeavilypopulatedcoastalareassuchasinBangladeshandEgypt,(2)largepopulationsoccupylow-lyingareas,wouldsufferextreme(3).

Warmeroceanswouldspawnstrongerhurricanesandtyphoons,(4)incoastalflooding,possiblyswampingvaluableagriculturallandsaroundtheworld.(5)waterqualitymayresultas(6)floodingwhichforcessaltwaterintocoastalirrigationanddrinkingwatersupplies,andirreplaceable,natural(7)couldbefloodedwithoceanwater,destroyingforevermanyofthe(8)plantandanimalspecieslivingthere.

Foodsuppliesandforestswouldbe(9)affected.Changesinrainfallpatternswoulddisruptagriculture.Warmertemperatureswould(10)grain-growingregionspole-wards.Thewarmingwouldalsoincreaseandchangethepestplants,suchasweedsandtheinsects(11)thecrops.

Humanhealthwouldalsobeaffected.Warmingcould(12)tropicalclimatebringingwithityellowfever,malaria,andotherdiseases.Heatstressandheatmortalitycouldrise.Theharmful(13)oflocalizedurbanairpollutionwouldverylikelybemoreseriousinwarmer(14).Therewillbesome(15)fromwarming.Newsea-laneswillopenintheArctic,longergrowingseasonsfurthernorthwill(16)newagriculturallands,andwarmertemperaturewillmakesomeoftoday’scolderregionsmore(17).Butthesebenefitswillbeinindividualareas.Thenaturalsystems一bothplantandanimal—willbelessablethanmantocopeand(18).Anychangeoftemperature,rainfall,andsealevelofthemagnitudenow(19)willbedestructivetonaturalsystemsandlivingthingsandhencetomanaswell.

Thelistofpossibleconsequencesofglobalwarmingsuggestsveryclearlythatwemustdoeverythingwecannowtounderstanditscausesandeffectsandtotakeallmeasurespossibletopreventandadapttopotentialandinevitabledisruptions(20)byglobalwarming.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascended

B.assaulted

C.erased

D.endangered

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.where

C.when

D.what

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.dislocation

B.discontent

C.distribution

D.distinction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.rebuking

B.rambling

C.resulting

D.rallying

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Increased

B.Reduced

C.Expanded

D.Saddened

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.inland

B.coastal

C.urban

D.suburban

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.dry-land

B.mountain

C.wetlands

D.forest

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.precious

C.interesting

D.exciting

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.geologically

B.adversely

C.secretively

D.serially

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.shift

B.generate

C.grease

D.fuse

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.hiking

B.hugging

C.attacking

D.activating

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.endanger

B.accommodate

C.adhere

D.enlarge

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.profits

B.values

C.effects

D.interests

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.conditions

B.accommodation

C.surroundings

D.evolution

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.adjustments

B.benefits

C.adoptions

D.profits

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.alternate

B.abuse

C.advocate

D.create

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.accidental

B.habitable

C.anniversary

D.ambient

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.adapt

B.alleviate

C.agitate

D.assert

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.ascertained

B.conformed

C.consoled

D.anticipated

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.tutored

B.relayed

C.triggered

D.reflected

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】(1)動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語義。句意:海平面上升沿海城市。ascended攀登,上升;assaulted攻擊,襲擊;erased抹去,擦掉;endangered危及。選項(xiàng)D符合句意和上下文邏輯。

(2)狀語從句。地名BangladeshandEgypt后用地點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)詞where。

(3)名詞辨析和上下文語義。原句為,Heavilypopulatedcoastalareaswouldsufferextreme(人口稠密的沿海地區(qū)將遭受)。dislocation混亂,斷層;discontent不滿;distribution分配;distinction區(qū)別,差別。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

(4)固定搭配。故答案為C。rebuke“指責(zé),譴責(zé)”;ramble“漫步,漫游”;rally“重整旗鼓,使恢復(fù)健康”。resultin后面接coastalflooding,意為“引起,導(dǎo)致海岸洪災(zāi)”。

(5)上下文語義。Increased增加的,上升的;reduced減少的,簡(jiǎn)化的;expanded膨脹的,擴(kuò)大的;saddened悲哀的,憂愁的。根據(jù)上下文可知水質(zhì)量是下降的。

(6)上下文語義。全文都圍繞海平面上升和沿海洪水展開論述,coastal沿海的,海岸的。

(7)名詞辨析。dry-land旱地;mountain山脈;wetlands濕地;forest森林。根據(jù)原文,在沿海地區(qū)的自然地帶,有可能被洪水,選項(xiàng)C符合邏輯。

(8)形容詞辨析和上下文語義。unique獨(dú)特的;precious值得珍視的;interesting有趣的;exciting令人興奮的。句意:摧毀那兒的動(dòng)植物物種。unique強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量稀有而獨(dú)特,precious強(qiáng)調(diào)價(jià)值寶貴。選項(xiàng)A更符合。

(9)副詞辨析。geologically地質(zhì)學(xué)地,地質(zhì)地;adversely不利地;secretively隱秘地,隱匿地;serially連續(xù)地。句意應(yīng)為:糧食供應(yīng)和森林受到不利的影響。

(10)動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語義。shift移動(dòng),移位;generate產(chǎn)生,發(fā)生;grease涂脂,賄賂;fuse熔化。句意:溫度升高會(huì)使谷物生長(zhǎng)區(qū)向兩極。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

(11)動(dòng)詞辨析。hiking遠(yuǎn)足,步行;hugging擁抱;attacking侵襲。activating刺激,使活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。weedsandtheinsectsattackingthecrops表示雜草和昆蟲攻擊莊稼。

(12)動(dòng)詞辨析。endanger危及;accommodate供應(yīng),供給;adhere黏附,膠著;enlarge擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)展。句意:氣候變暖可能熱帶氣候,導(dǎo)致黃熱病、瘧疾和其他疾病。enlarge放在此處符合句意。

(13)上下文語義。句意:局部化的城市空氣污染的有害更加嚴(yán)重。harmful后面接effects,表示有害影響。

(14)名詞辨析。選項(xiàng)中,conditions條件;accommodation住處,膳宿;surroundings環(huán)境;evolution進(jìn)展;進(jìn)化。句意:在更加溫暖的下會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重。conditions符合句意。

(15)名詞辨析和固定搭配。adjustments調(diào)整;benefits益處;adoptions收養(yǎng);profits利潤(rùn),收益。Benefits符合句意,在此與fromwarming表示變暖的好處。

(16)動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語義。alternate交替,輪流;abuse濫用;advocate提倡;create創(chuàng)造,產(chǎn)生。此處還是說海平面上升帶來的有利方面,create符合上下文語義。

(17)形容詞辨析。accidental意外的,非主要的;habitable可居住的;anniversary周年紀(jì)念為名詞,排除;ambient周圍的。句意:氣候變暖使現(xiàn)在更冷的地方更加適宜。habitable符合句意。

(18)動(dòng)詞辨析。adapt使適應(yīng);alleviate使易于忍受,減輕;agitate攪動(dòng),煽動(dòng);assert斷言,聲稱。

空前有一個(gè)并列連接詞and,此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)cope的并列詞。選項(xiàng)中,adapt(使適應(yīng))符合邏輯。

(19)上下文語義。ascertained確定的,探知的;conformed一致的,順從的;consoled安慰的,慰藉的;anticipated預(yù)見的,預(yù)期的。句中有一個(gè)will,因此選項(xiàng)要體現(xiàn)將來的含義。Anticipated符合邏輯。

(20)動(dòng)詞辨析。tutored輔導(dǎo),輔助;relayed使接替,傳播;triggered觸發(fā);reflected反射,反映。此處應(yīng)填triggered表示由全球變暖引發(fā)的不良影響。

2.單選題

SpywriterJohnLeCarrehitthe______withhiscausticportrayalofthecity’smixofdrearinessandinternationalintrigueinhis1968novel,ASmallTowninGermany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.house

B.home

C.place

D.headline

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)house“房屋”;B選項(xiàng)home“家”;C選項(xiàng)place“地方”;D選項(xiàng)headline“(報(bào)紙的)大字標(biāo)題”,hittheheadlines“成為頭條新聞”。句意:間諜作家約翰?勒卡雷在1968年出版的小說《德國(guó)小鎮(zhèn)》中,以犀利的筆法描寫了這個(gè)城市的沉悶和國(guó)際陰謀。根據(jù)語境和詞組hittheheadlines“成為頭條新聞”,D選項(xiàng)headline“(報(bào)紙的)大字標(biāo)題”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thestudents______theirthankstoProfessorDavisbypresentinghimwithapartinggift.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extended

B.offered

C.expressed

D.indicated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)extend“延伸,擴(kuò)大”,B項(xiàng)offer“提供”,C項(xiàng)express“表達(dá)”,D項(xiàng)indicate“表明,指出”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thanks“感謝”可知,空格部分填入express符合語境。句意:學(xué)生們送給戴維斯教授一份臨別禮物,以表示對(duì)他的感謝。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Moneywages,interestratesandtaxpaymentshaveallbeenadjustedto______the10percentriseintheaveragelevelofprices.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.minglewith

B.pickup

C.tuckin

D.allowfor

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)minglewith“和……混合”,B項(xiàng)pickup“撿起,獲得,收拾”,C項(xiàng)tuckin“緊縮,塞入,盡情地吃”,D項(xiàng)allowfor“考慮到,慮及”。由Moneywages,interestratesandtaxpaymentshaveallbeenadjusted“貨幣工資、利率和稅收都進(jìn)行了調(diào)整”和the10percentriseintheaveragelevelofprices“平均價(jià)格水平10%的增長(zhǎng)”可知,“獲得”符合語境。句意:貨幣工資、利率和稅收都進(jìn)行了調(diào)整,以加快平均價(jià)格水平10%的增長(zhǎng)。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmisconceptions.(46)thetopofthelististhenotionthatintelligenceis(47)byyourabilitytosolvecomplexproblems,toread,writeandcomputeatcertainlevels,andtoresolveabstractequationsquickly.Thisvisionof(48)assertsformaleducationandbookishexcellenceasthetruemeasuresofselffulfillment.It(49)akindofintellectualprejudicethathasbroughtwithitsomediscouragingresults.Wehave(50)tobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldiscipline,is“intelligent”.(51)mentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates.Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayaneachpresentmomentofeveryday.

Ifyouarehappy,ifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareanintelligentperson.Problem(52)isausefulhelptoyourhappiness,butifyouknowthatgivenyourinabilitytoresolveaparticularconcernyoucanstillchoosehappinessforyourself,or(53)aminimumrefusetochooseunhappiness,(54)youareintelligent.Youareintelligentbecauseyouhavetheultimateweapon(55)thebigN.B.D.—NervousBreakDown.

“Intelligent”peopledonothaveN.B.D.’sbecausetheyarein(56)ofthemselves.Theyknowhowtochoosehappiness(57)depression,becausetheyknowhowtodealwiththeproblemsof(58)lives.

Youcanbegintothinkofyourself(59)trulyintelligentonthebasisof(60)youchoosetofeel(61)thefaceofdifficultcircumstances.Thelifestrugglesareprettymuchthesameforeachofus.Everyonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthas(62)difficulties.Disagreements,conflictsandcompromisesareapartof(63)itmeanstobehuman.Similarly,money,growingold,sickness,deaths,naturaldisastersandaccidentsarealleventswhich(64)problemstovirtuallyallhumanbeings.Butsomepeopleareabletomake(65)toavoidimmobilizingdepressionandunhappinessdespitesuchoccurrences,whileothercollapseorhaveanN.B.D.Thosewhorecognizedproblemsasahumanconditionanddon’tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;alsothemostrare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.At

B.On

C.Under

D.Over

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.measured

B.meant

C.machined

D.molded

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.notion

B.disability

C.intelligence

D.misconception

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.experiences

B.encourages

C.encounters

D.exploits

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.come

B.gradually

C.been

D.being

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Hence

B.Therefore

C.Thus

D.Yet

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.finding

B.tracking

C.solving

D.killing

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.with

C.to

D.at

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.but

C.since

D.as

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.opposite

B.against

C.toward

D.across

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.power

B.place

C.charge

D.danger

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.against

B.from

C.under

D.over

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.their

B.our

C.its

D.his

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.at

C.when

D.as

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.why

C.when

D.where

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.up

B.in

C.to

D.against

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.same

B.obvious

C.varying

D.similar

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.how

C.when

D.which

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.propose

B.present

C.prosecute

D.proceed

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.them

B.that

C.their

D.it

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】46.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)At“在”;B選項(xiàng)On“在……上”;C選項(xiàng)Under“在……之下;Over“越過;在……之上”。句意:排在首列的是這樣一種觀念……。固定搭配Atthetopofthelist“在列表的頂部”。Onthetopof一般是用來說明在某物的上部。句中的主語不是一個(gè)具體的事物,可排除。Under與top詞義相反,不可搭配使用。Overthetopof一般是指懸空在上方,可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

47.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)measured“測(cè)量”;B選項(xiàng)meant“意味著”;C選項(xiàng)machined“機(jī)器加工”;D選項(xiàng)molded“用模子塑造”。句意:排在首位的是這樣一種觀念:智力是由你解決復(fù)雜問題的能力來……的。而且根據(jù)后面的介詞by,可知空格內(nèi)填入measured最為恰當(dāng)。短語bemeasuredby“由……來衡量”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

48.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)notion“概念;見解”;B選項(xiàng)disability“無能;無資格”;C選項(xiàng)intelligence“智力;才智”;D選項(xiàng)misconception“誤解”。句意:這種……觀認(rèn)為正規(guī)教育和優(yōu)秀的書卷氣是衡量自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的真正標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)指示代詞this指代上一句的thenotion,由thenotion后面的that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句內(nèi)容可知談?wù)摰氖顷P(guān)于intelligence的看法。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

49.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)experiences“經(jīng)歷”;B選項(xiàng)encourages“鼓勵(lì);激勵(lì)”;C選項(xiàng)encounters“遭遇”;D選項(xiàng)exploits“開發(fā);剝削”。句意:它……了一種智力偏見,并帶來了一些令人沮喪的結(jié)果。由后面說到的帶來了一些令人沮喪的結(jié)果可知,一定是智力偏見加劇后從而得到的結(jié)果。encourage也有“助長(zhǎng)”的意義,因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

50.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)come“來”;B選項(xiàng)gradually“逐漸地”;C選項(xiàng)been“是;有”,be的過去分詞;D選項(xiàng)being“是;有”,be的現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:我們……相信。固定搭配havecometodo“已經(jīng)開始”,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

51.考查語義邏輯。A選項(xiàng)Hence“因此”;B選項(xiàng)Therefore“因此”;C選項(xiàng)Thus“因此”;D選項(xiàng)Yet“然而;但是”。前一句說的是我們開始相信,那些獲得更多教育獎(jiǎng)?wù)?、擅長(zhǎng)某種形式的學(xué)校紀(jì)律的人是“聰明的”??崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容是精神病院的病人都擁有所有正確的證書。兩個(gè)句子存在一種轉(zhuǎn)折,得了很多證書拿了獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的人是聰明的,然而精神病院的病人也大多收獲了很多證書。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

52.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)finding“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;B選項(xiàng)tracking“追蹤;跟蹤”;C選項(xiàng)solving“解決”;D選項(xiàng)killing“殺死”。句意:……問題對(duì)你的幸福是有幫助的??梢耘cproblem“問題”搭配的是發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,或者是解決問題。根據(jù)后一句的關(guān)鍵詞resolve“解決”可知,這里是在說解決問題對(duì)幸福是有幫助的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

53.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)for“為了;對(duì)”;B選項(xiàng)with“和;具有”;C選項(xiàng)to“朝;位于”;D選項(xiàng)at“在;以”。句意:或者……拒絕選擇不快樂。固定搭配ataminimum“至少”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

54.考查語義邏輯。A選項(xiàng)then“那么”;B選項(xiàng)but“但是”;C選項(xiàng)since“因?yàn)椤?;D選項(xiàng)as“因?yàn)?;正如”。前面的句子是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。句意:但如果你知道自己無法解決某個(gè)特定的問題,你仍然可以為自己選擇快樂,或者至少拒絕選擇不快樂,……你是聰明的。此句的邏輯關(guān)系是,如果……那么……。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

55.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)opposite“在……對(duì)面”;B選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì);針對(duì)”;C選項(xiàng)toward“向;對(duì)于”;D選項(xiàng)across“穿過”。句意:你很聰明,因?yàn)槟阌小窠?jīng)崩潰的終極武器。由此可知,句中是因?yàn)橛形淦骺梢詫?duì)抗神經(jīng)崩潰。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

56.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)power“力量;權(quán)力”;B選項(xiàng)place“地方;住所”;C選項(xiàng)charge“費(fèi)用;掌管”;D選項(xiàng)danger“危險(xiǎn);威脅”。句意:聰明的人不會(huì)有神經(jīng)崩潰的時(shí)候,因?yàn)樗麄兡堋约?。固定搭配beinchargeof“負(fù)責(zé);掌控”。與文中第一段的Takingchargeofyourself相呼應(yīng)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

57.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì);針對(duì)”;B選項(xiàng)from“從;從……到”;C選項(xiàng)under“在……下面”;D選項(xiàng)over“在……上面,穿越”。句意:他們知道如何……沮喪選擇快樂,因?yàn)樗麄冎廊绾翁幚硭麄兩钪械膯栴}。意思是聰明的人知道如何選擇快樂而不是沮喪,在沮喪面前直達(dá)快樂的方法是越過沮喪,不去沾染。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

58.考查物主代詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)their“他們的”;B選項(xiàng)our“我們的”;C選項(xiàng)its“它的”;D選項(xiàng)his“他的”,本句的主語是they他們。句意:因?yàn)樗麄冎廊绾翁幚怼钪械膯栴}。物主代詞應(yīng)該與主語保持一致。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

59.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)for“為了;對(duì)于”;B選項(xiàng)at“在;向”;C選項(xiàng)when“何時(shí)”;D選項(xiàng)as“作為;像”。句意:你可以開始認(rèn)為自己是真正聰明的。固定搭配thinkof…as…“認(rèn)為……是……”,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

60.考查連接詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)how“怎樣;如何”;B選項(xiàng)why“為什么”;C選項(xiàng)when“什么時(shí)候”;D選項(xiàng)where“在哪里”。句意:你可以開始認(rèn)為自己是真正聰明的,根據(jù)你是在艱難環(huán)境中是……選擇的。連接詞中不需要使用疑問語氣,后面接的是肯定句。因此可排除B,C,D選項(xiàng)。how可以用作從句中feel的表語,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

61.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)up“在……之上”;B選項(xiàng)in“在……內(nèi)”;C選項(xiàng)to“朝;對(duì)于”;D選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì);針對(duì)”。句意:你可以開始認(rèn)為自己是真正聰明的,取決于你在面對(duì)困境時(shí)所選擇的感受。固定搭配inthefaceof“面對(duì)”,因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

62.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)same“相同的;同一的”;B選項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的;顯著的”;C選項(xiàng)varying“不同的;易變的”;D選項(xiàng)similar“相似的”。句意:每個(gè)人在任何社會(huì)背景下與其他交往的人都有……的困難。后面就開始解釋我們都可能會(huì)遇到的困難,而每個(gè)人的處境不同所遇到的困難是無法達(dá)到一模一樣的。根據(jù)后面的Similarly“相似地;類似地”,可以更加肯定空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入相似的困難,剛好也能與后文相呼應(yīng)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

63.考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。A選項(xiàng)what“什么”;B選項(xiàng)how“怎樣”;C選項(xiàng)when“什么時(shí)候”;D選項(xiàng)which“哪一個(gè)”??崭袂笆墙樵~of后需要一個(gè)連接詞,構(gòu)成賓語從句。疑問副詞不能夠充當(dāng)賓語成分,可首先排除B,C選項(xiàng)。可以看到賓語從句的形式主語是it,tobehuman才是真正的主語。句中謂語動(dòng)詞means“意味著”缺少賓語。句意:各種分歧、矛盾、妥協(xié)是人類存在的真正意義的一部分。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

64.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)propose“建議;求婚”;B選項(xiàng)present“提出;出現(xiàn)”;C選項(xiàng)prosecute“檢舉;起訴”;D選項(xiàng)proceed“開始;進(jìn)行”。句意:同樣,金錢、衰老、疾病、死亡、自然災(zāi)害和事故是所有的幾乎給所有人……困難的事件。這些不可抗力的事情都是會(huì)給人帶來困難的。present…to…“給予;出現(xiàn)在”;此處是給予不美好的事物,可譯為“帶來”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

65.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)them“他們”;B選項(xiàng)that“那;那個(gè)”;C選項(xiàng)their“他們的”;D選項(xiàng)it“它”。句意:但是有些人能夠做到。固定搭配makeit“成功;成功做到”,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Yesterdayafternoonamultitudeofpeopleattendedthefundraisingpresentationinthemall

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.smallnumber

B.specialgroup

C.hugecrowd

D.youthfulteam

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。amultitudeof許多的,大批的。只有C項(xiàng)“hugecrowd大群人”正確。句意:昨天下午,許多人參加了在商場(chǎng)舉行的募捐活動(dòng)。

7.單選題

Thevalueofabusinessincreasinglyliesnotinphysicalandfinancialassetsthatareonthebalancesheet,butinintangibles:brands,patents,franchises,software,researchprograms,ideasandexpertise.Fewfirmstrytomeasurereturnsontheseassets,letalonepublishinformationonthem.Yettheyareoftenwhatunderliesafirm'ssuccess.“Ourprimaryassets,whichareoursoftwareandoursoftware-developmentskills,donotshowuponthebalancesheetatall,”saysMicrosoft’sboss,BillGates.“Thisisprobablynotveryenlighteningfromapurelyaccountingpointofview.”

Asignthatcompaniesdonotmeasuretheirassetsproperlymaybethegrowinggapbetweentheirstock-marketvalueandthebookvalueoftheirassets.Between1973and1993,themedianratioofmarketvaluestobookvaluesofAmericanpubliccompaniesdoubles;thedifferencehasgrownwithaboominhigh-techshares.Thegapisbiggestforcompaniesthathavemostrapidlyboostedspendingonresearchanddevelopment(R&D).Evenwithinindustries,thedivergence(分歧)betweenstock-marketreturnsandreportedearningshasincreased.

Youmightthinkthiswouldpresentaproblemforinvestors,whonolongerhaveagoodwayoftellingwhetherthemarketvalueofacompanyissoundlybased.Yetinvestorsseemtoknowinstinctivelythatknowledgeisvaluable.35.AstudyhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhentheybuyforeignsubsidiaries,butitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.Presumablyinvestorsunderstandthatcompaniesinknowledge-basedbusinessescanexploitthemagicofrisingreturnstoscale.Onceapillorasoftwareprogramisdeveloped,eachextrasalebringsinmoremoneyatlittleextracost:thebiggerthemarket,thegreatertheprofits.

Infact,theabsenceofgoodmeasuresmaybotherthosewhorunfirmsmorethanthosewhoinvestinthem.Formanagers,thebigproblemishowtojudgeratesofreturn.Withbuildingafactory,therearetime-honoredmethodsforcalculatingthepayback.ButwhatifyouareinvestinginR&Dorsoftware,ordecidingwhethertobuybetterpeopleortotrainmore?Therearen’ttoolsformakingsuchdecisions.

1.Theintangiblesofacompanyarereflectedin().

2.WhatcanweinferaboutMicrosoft?

3.WhydoesthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsrise?

4.Aninvestorwhobuysstocksofacompanyinknowledge-basedbusinessesbaseshisecisionon().

5.Thephrase“suchdecisionsn(Para.4)refersto().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.physicalandfinancialassets

B.stock-marketvalue

C.thebalancesheet

D.thedifferencebetweenthestock-marketvalueandthebookvalue

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasnobook-valueassets.

B.Itsstock-marketvalueequalsitsbookvalue.

C.There’sagreatgapbetweenitsstock-marketvalueandbookvalue.

D.Itsstock-marketvaluedoesnotreflectthecompany’srealvalue

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheybuyforeignsubsidiaries

B.Becausetheyinvestmuchinintangibleassets.

C.BecausetheyhavelowR&Dspending

D.Becausetheinvestorsknowthemethodsforcalculatingthepaybackofknowledge-basedbusinesses

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.purespeculation(投機(jī))

B.thecompany’sbookvalue

C.whetherthecompanybuysforeignsubsidiaries

D.theprospectthatitsresearchwilltranslateintolowcostproducts

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.unningfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

B.nvestinginfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

C.udgingratesofreturnonfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

D.alculatingreturnsonanewly-builtfactory

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Thevalueofabusinessincreasinglyliesnotinphysicalandfinancialassetsthatareonthebalancesheet,butinintangibles:brands,patents,franchises,software,researchprograms,ideasandexpertise.企業(yè)的價(jià)值越來越不在于資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表上的有形資產(chǎn)和金融資產(chǎn),而在于無形資產(chǎn):品牌、專利、特許經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、軟件、研究項(xiàng)目、創(chuàng)意和專業(yè)技能??芍狝BC三項(xiàng)都不對(duì)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“Ourprimaryassets,whichareoursoftwareandoursoftware-developmentskills,donotshowuponthebalancesheetatall,”saysMicrosoft’sboss,BillGates.“Thisisprobablynotveryenlighteningfromapurelyaccountingpointofview.我們的主要資產(chǎn),也就是我們的軟件和軟件開發(fā)技能,根本沒有出現(xiàn)在資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表上?!皬募兇獾臅?huì)計(jì)角度來看,這可能不是很有啟發(fā)性?!笨芍狣項(xiàng)“其股票市值并不能反映公司的實(shí)際價(jià)值”正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“AstudyhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhentheybuyforeignsubsidiaries,butitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在研發(fā)上投入巨資的美國(guó)跨國(guó)公司在收購?fù)鈬?guó)子公司時(shí),其股價(jià)會(huì)上漲,但當(dāng)研發(fā)支出較低的跨國(guó)公司在海外收購時(shí),其股價(jià)會(huì)下跌。可知跨國(guó)公司在收購海外子公司時(shí),股價(jià)的升降取決于該公司在研發(fā)方面的投入力度,也就是對(duì)無形資產(chǎn)的投入力度。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第三段“Presumablyinvestorsunderstandthatcompaniesinknowledge-basedbusinessescanexploitthemagicofrisingreturnstoscale.Onceapillorasoftwareprogramisdeveloped,eachextrasalebringsinmoremoneyatlittleextracost:thebiggerthemarket,thegreatertheprofits.想必投資者明白,在以知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的企業(yè)中,企業(yè)可以利用不斷增長(zhǎng)的回報(bào)來擴(kuò)大規(guī)模。一旦開發(fā)出一種藥丸或一個(gè)軟件程序,每一筆額外銷售都能以很少的額外成本帶來更多的收入:市場(chǎng)越大,利潤(rùn)就越大?!笨芍狣項(xiàng)“其研究成果轉(zhuǎn)化為低成本產(chǎn)品的前景”正確。

5.詞義題。聯(lián)系上下文“Formanagers,thebigproblemishowtojudgeratesofreturn.Withbuildingafactory,therearetime-honoredmethodsforcalculatingthepayback.ButwhatifyouareinvestinginR&Dorsoftware,ordecidingwhethertobuybetterpeopleortotrainmore?Therearen’ttoolsformakingsuchdecisions.對(duì)于經(jīng)理來說,最大的問題是如何判斷回報(bào)率。建造一個(gè)工廠,有計(jì)算回報(bào)的歷史悠久的方法。但如果你投資于研發(fā)或軟件,或者決定是雇傭更好的人或者培訓(xùn)更多的人呢?沒有工具來做這樣的決定??芍猻uchdecisions指代在知識(shí)型企業(yè)如何判斷回報(bào)率的問題。故C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,aninternationalmediumofexchangeisrequired.Fromthelate1800suntilWorldWarI,mostcountriesoperatedonthegoldstandard.Goldcoinsofstandardspecificationscirculatedfreelybetweencountries,makinggoldineffectaninternationalcurrency.Thissystemprovidedanautomaticcorrectionforsometradeimbalances,butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade),anditwasvulnerablytoshort-termchangesinthegoldsupply.

Afterthefinancialstabilityofthe1930s,theinternationalmonetarysystemwasre-builtfollowingWorldWarIIonthegold-exchangestandard.ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice($35anounceuntil1968).TheInternationalMonetaryFund,akeyinstitutionsetupunderthissystem,makesinternationalloanswithcapitalsubscribedbyitsmembers,whichincludemostnoncommuniststates.Votingrightsareproportionaltotheamountssubscribed.TheIMFhasbeenable,throughitsloans,tostabilizefluctuatingcurrenciesandtoinfluencetheinternalfinancialpoliciesofrecipientcountries,afrequentlycriticizedpractice.

Thesuccessofthegoldexchangestandard,however,dependedonthesuperiorpositionoftheUSinworldtrade.Inthe1960s,continualbalancepaymentsdeficitsloweredUSgoldreservesandfatallyunderminedthesystem.In1968atwo-tieredsystemwasadopted.Governmentbanksmaintainedafixedgoldprice,whilenonegovernmentalbuyerstradedfreely.Simultaneously,non-dollarspecialdrawingrightwereassignedtoIMFmembersinproportiontotheircontributions.Butthesechangesdidn’trelievethestrainontheUSdollar.In1971PresidentRichardNixonannouncedthatdollarswouldnolongerautomaticallybeexchangedforgold,andsincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.

1.SinceWorldWarIItheinternationalmonetarysystemhasshownanoveralltrendtoward(

).

2.Thereasonwhythegoldstandardhadlimitedliquidityisprobablebecause

).

3.Thegold-exchangestandarddiffersfromthegoldstandardinthat(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.greatercentralizecontrolofworldtrade.

B.tryingthevalueofworldcurrenciesratherthanthevalueofgoldsupply

C.increasinglystablecurrencies

D.substitutingseveraldifferentmonetarystandardsforasingleunifiedstandard

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.themoneysupplycouldnotincreasefasterthanthetrade

B.themoneysupplyvariedindependentlyofthegoldsupply

C.itwasimpossibletoconvertthecurrencyofonecountryintothatofanother

D.anation’scurrencycouldnotbefreelyconvertedintogold

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itdoesnotestablishagenerallyacceptedinternationalmediumofexchange

B.itestablishesnorelationshipbetweenthevalueofagivencurrencyandthevalueofgold

C.therelationshipitestablishesbetweenthevalueofanycurrencyandwhateverthevalueofgoldisindirectratherthandirect.

D.itisatwo-tieredratherthanasingle-tieredsystem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,原文第一段講了金本位制下黃金作為國(guó)際貨幣的不足之處;第二段提到國(guó)際貨幣體系取代黃金作為國(guó)際貨幣交換的媒介;再根據(jù)第三段最后一句“sincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.從那時(shí)起,就沒有單一的國(guó)際貨幣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?!币簿褪钦f出現(xiàn)了多種貨幣體系來代替統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade).但它幾乎沒有流動(dòng)性(貨幣供應(yīng)不能像擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易所需要的那樣迅速擴(kuò)張)?!庇纱丝芍?,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice.大多數(shù)國(guó)家貨幣的價(jià)值與美元掛鉤是固定的,外匯儲(chǔ)備以美元形式保存,這些美元將在黃金需求時(shí)以固定價(jià)格兌換。”由此可知,金匯兌本位制區(qū)別于金本位制是由于它在任何貨幣價(jià)值和黃金價(jià)值之間所建立的關(guān)系不是直接的,而是間接的。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

9.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

41.Thecrucialpointisthis:labor,landandmoneyareessentialelementsofindustry;theyalsomustbeorganizedinmarket;infact,thesemarketsformanabsolutelyvitalpartoftheeconomic-system.Butlabor,landandmoneyareobviouslynotcommodities.Laborisonlyanothernameforahumanactivitywhichgoeswithlifeitself,whichinitsturnisnotproducedforsalebutforentirelydifferentseasons,norcanthatactivitybedetachedfromtherestoflife,bestoredormobilized;landisonlyanothernamefornature,whichisnotproducedbyman;actualmoney,finally,ismerelyatokenofpurchasingpowerwhich,asarule,isnotproducedatall,butcomesintobeingthroughthemechanismofbankingorstatefinance.Noneofthemisproducedforsale.Thecommoditydescriptionoflabor,landandmoneyisentirelyfictitious.

【答案】關(guān)鍵在于:勞動(dòng)力、土地和金錢是工業(yè)的基本要素;在市場(chǎng)上,它們還必須以組織有序的形式呈現(xiàn);事實(shí)上,這些市場(chǎng)構(gòu)成了經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中絕對(duì)重要的一部分。然而勞動(dòng)力、土地和金錢顯然不是商品。勞動(dòng)只不過是一種與生命相伴的人類活動(dòng)的別名。這種人類活動(dòng)不是為了出售而產(chǎn)生的,而是順應(yīng)不同季節(jié)而出現(xiàn)的。并且這種活動(dòng)也不能與生命體的其他活動(dòng)分離開來,無法被儲(chǔ)存和調(diào)用。土地只是自然的另一個(gè)名稱,它不是由人類產(chǎn)生的;實(shí)際的貨幣僅僅是購買力的一種表征,一般來說,這種購買力根本無法被生產(chǎn),而是通過銀行或國(guó)家財(cái)政機(jī)制形成的。它們都不是為銷售而存在的。對(duì)勞動(dòng)、土地和金錢的商品性描述完全是虛構(gòu)的。

10.填空題

AfterI(1)theuniversityentranceexam,Iwasextremelyupset,becauseIwasalmostsureIhad(2)thetest.Tomy(3),it(

4)outthatIhadgottenthehighestscoreintheprovince!

句意:大學(xué)入學(xué)考試考完,我感到非常沮喪,因?yàn)槲規(guī)缀醮_信自己考試沒有通過。然而令我感到意外的是自己最后的實(shí)際成績(jī)是省里的最高分。

【答案】1.finished

2.failed

3.surprise

4.tumed

【解析】1.語義題。句意為高考結(jié)束,動(dòng)詞finish合適,根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)為過去式,故用finished。

2.固定搭配。failtheexam考試失敗。這里用過去完成時(shí)。

3.固定搭配。toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是。

4.固定搭配。Itturnsoutthat結(jié)果是…。

11.翻譯題

大米的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值同土豆的差不多,但在常溫下保存的更久。

上大學(xué)并不一定是每個(gè)人的恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇,更不是唯一的選擇。

僅碳?xì)鋬煞N元素就能構(gòu)成成千上萬種化合物,其原因是碳?xì)涞姆肿涌梢砸圆煌姆绞竭M(jìn)行連接。

所有這些都促使學(xué)生獨(dú)立認(rèn)真地學(xué)習(xí),促使他們學(xué)會(huì)如何發(fā)現(xiàn)利用大學(xué)的資源。

經(jīng)濟(jì)水平比較低的情況下,它反而會(huì)給現(xiàn)代政府在提供食物,就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)等方面增加巨大的負(fù)擔(dān)。

【答案】Thenutritionalvalueofricealmostequalsthatofthepotato.However,itcanbestoredatroomtemperatureforlonger.

Goingtocollegeisnottherightchoiceforeveryone,northeonlyoptionatall.

Onlytwoelementsofhydrocarboncanformthousandscompounds.Thereasonisthattheirmoleculescanbeconnectedindifferentways.

Allofthesearetourgestudentstostudyindependentlyandindustriouslylearnhowtousetheuniversityresources.

Underthecircumstanceofloweconomiclevel,itwouldincreasethepressureoffoodprovisionandemploymentopportunities.

12.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Aninvisibleborderdividesthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomonthebehalfofstudents’careerprospectsandthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomforbroaderreasonsofradicaleducationalreform.

Veryfewwritersonthesubjecthaveexploredthis(1)—indeed,contradiction—whichgoestotheheartofwhatiswrongwiththe(2)toputcomputersintheclassroom.Aneducationthataimsatgettingastudentacertainkindofjobisa/an(3)educationJustifiedforreasonsradicallydifferentfromwhyeducationis(4)requiredbylaw.Itisnotsimplyto(5)everyone’sjobprospectsthatallchildrenarelegally(6)toattendschoolintotheirteens.Rather,wehaveacertain(7)oftheAmericancitizen,acharacterwhois(8)ifhecannotcompetentlyassess(9)hislivelihoodandhappinessareaffectedbythings(10)ofhimself.

Butthiswasnotalwaysthecase,beforeitwaslegallyrequiredforallchildrentoattendschooluntilacertain(11),itwaswidelyacceptedthatsomewerejustnotequipped(12)naturetopursuethiskindofeducation.Withoptimismcharacteristicofallindustria

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