考研考博-英語-大同師范高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大同師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Foryearsthetwinbrothershavebeen（）watches,rings,anddiamondsintheneighboringcountries.

問題1選項

A.sheltering

B.smuggling

C.supervising

D.speculating

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項sheltering“保護(hù)，掩蔽”；B選項smuggling“走私”；C選項supervising“監(jiān)督，管理，指導(dǎo)”；D選項speculating“投機(jī)，猜測”。句意：多年來，這對孿生兄弟一直在鄰國走私手表、戒指和鉆石?？崭窈筇岬降膚atches,rings,anddiamonds手表、戒指和鉆石以及毒品等是走私的一般物品，還涉及了neighboringcountries鄰國，B選項smuggling“走私”最恰當(dāng)。因此B選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Asthegreatlowebbofhightechsweepsthroughtheworldofonlinecommerce,twokindsofsitesareweatheringthestorm.Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”——onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWalmartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearena.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet’sspecialcharacteristics.Jobsitesandonlineauctioneere-BayarebothgoodexamplesofthenewbreedofbusinessthattheInternetcontinuestofoster.

Cisoneofthelattergroup.It’sawebsitethatprovidesuserswithonlinestoreswheretheycansellshirts,mugs,andmousepadscustomizedwiththeirownlogosand/orslogans.Byitself,thisisafairlyusefulservice,andanexampleofhowtheInternethaschangedtheartofmarketingandcustomerservice.

C,however,isratherremarkableforanotherreason.Customersdon’tneedtoprintlargelotsofitems.Theydon’tneedtoworryaboutshippingthegoodstotheircustomers.Andtheydon’tneedtotalktoanotherhumanbeingtogettheirstore“built”inthefirstplace.Thesiteletsyouuploadanimageandchoosewhatsortofitemyou’dlikeittoappearon.Youcanthenchoosehowmuchtomarktheitemup—thedifferencebetweentheitem’sbasecostandyourmark-uppriceisyourprofit.

Basepricesarehigh,butunderstandablewhenyouconsiderwhatdoesfortheinitialinvestment.An11-ouncemugstartsat$10.99.Forthat,printsthemugonapiece-by-piecebasis,providestheorderingsoftware,handlesthemoney,packsit,andshipsitforyou.Themug’spurchaserpaysshippingandhandlingcosts;thestoreowner’seffortislimitedtouploadingtheoriginalimageforthemug,settingthecost,andwritingabriefdescriptionoftheitem.

Itseemstobecatchingon.“Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehassles（麻煩事）associatedwithit,”saysMaheeshJain,cafepress.corn’sco-founderandvice-president.“That’swherewecomein—we'reoneofthefewcompaniesthatofferthiskindoffull-servicesolution.”

Butthemostexcitingaspectofisnotitsabilitytohelpmajorcorporationsoutsource（外包）andcustomizetheirmerchandisingefforts.What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore.Anaverageindividualwithanideathatcouldsell50T-shirtsormugscan’tjustifyatraditionalmerchandisingeffort,butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruition（完成）withverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk.Moreover,thequalityofthemerchandiseisgood;I’veorderedamugandashirtfrom,andbothwereshippedrelativelypromptly,andarrivedexactlyaspromised.Cisanideathat’seasytogetexcitedabout.It’sasmall—buttangibleexampleofhowtheInternetcanchangethewaywelive.

1.Theexpression“weatheringthestorm”inthefirstsentencemeans（

）.

2.Thefirstkindofsitediffersfromthesecondkindofsiteinthat

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingaboutCisNOTtrue?

4.WhatkindofcustomersneedCmostaccordingtoitsvice-president?

5.WhatisthemostoutstandingaboutCaccordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項

A.survivingacrisis

B.comingintobeing

C.strugglinginthestorm

D.beingdominatedbyastormyhightechwave

問題2選項

A.thefirstkindsellscommoditieswhilethesecondoffersservice

B.thefirstkindextendsitemssoldbeyondthetraditionalcategories

C.thesecondkindisrisingwhilethefirstkindisdecliningintheworldofonlinecommerce

D.thesecondkindoffersuntraditionaljobstopeopleexperiencedillauctioning

問題3選項

A.Itscustomersarethosewhowanttosellthingsratherthanbuythings.

B.It,alongwithsimilarsites,haschangedthetraditionalwayofmarketing.

C.Itkeepsitsprofittoaminimuminordertoattractonlinecustomers.

D.Itsusersdon'thavetotransacttheitemstobesoldface-to-facewiththeircustomers.

問題4選項

A.Thosewhosellagreatvarietyofitems.

B.Thosewhosellunconventionalcommodities.

C.Thosewhowanttoavoidthetroubleofnegotiatingwithclients.

D.Thosewhohaveproblemkeepingtheircommoditiesmoving.

問題5選項

A.Thehelpitoffersmajorcompaniesinmarketingtheircommodities.

B.Theconveniencesitgivestocompaniesinsellingtheircommodities.

C.Thehighqualityofthemerchandiseitofferstocustomers.

D.Thespeedandsecurityitoffersuserstoputtheirideasintopractice.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。“weatherthestorm”中的thestorm是指前面的“thegreatlowebbofhightech（高科技的低谷）”，由文章第一段中的最后一句Jobsitesandonlineauctioneere-BayarebothgoodexamplesofthenewbreedofbusinessthattheInternetcontinuestofoster.（Jobsites和onlineauctioneere-Bay都是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)繼續(xù)培育的商務(wù)新品種的好例子）可推測“twokindsofsites（兩類網(wǎng)站）”經(jīng)受住了這次高科技的低谷，并生存了下來，因此A選項“危機(jī)中生存”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞thefirskindofsite和thesendkindofsite定位到文章第一段中，由第一段第二三四句Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”—onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWalmartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearena.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet'sspecialcharacteristics.（第一種通常被稱為“實體與虛擬結(jié)合的商店”——Walmart或Sears等商店的在線擴(kuò)展。他們將現(xiàn)有的傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)擴(kuò)展到在線領(lǐng)域。第二種提供了一種獨(dú)特的服務(wù)，這是由于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的特殊性而得以實現(xiàn)的）可知第一種賣產(chǎn)品，而第二種賣服務(wù)，因此A選項“第一種是銷售商品，第二種是提供服務(wù)”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段第一句Basepricesarehigh,butunderstandablewhenyouconsiderwhatdoesfortheinitialinvestment.（基礎(chǔ)價格很高這是可以理解的，考慮到CafeP為初始投資所做的工作）可知C選項“為了吸引在線客戶，它將利潤降到最低”表示不正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞vice-president定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段中，由Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehasslesassociatedwithit（越來越多的公司來找我們，他們想做某種商品銷售，他們想向他們的用戶提供一系列的產(chǎn)品，但他們不想做與之相關(guān)的麻煩事）可知C選項“那些想避免與客戶談判的麻煩的人”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞themostoutstandingaboutC定位到文章最后一段中，由What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore（這個系統(tǒng)值得注意的是，開一家商店是多么簡單）和butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruitionwithverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk（但是，使用，用戶可以輕松地將想法在短時間內(nèi)實現(xiàn)，而且沒有財務(wù)風(fēng)險）可知D選項“它為用戶提供了快速將他們的想法付諸實踐的安全性”符合題意。

3.翻譯題

1.Newton

Newtonusedhisgreatskillinmathematicstoformabetterunderstandingoftheworldandtheuniverse.Heusedmethodshehadlearnedasaboyinmakingthings.Heexperimented.Thenhestudiedtheresultsandusedwhathehadlearnedtodesignnewexperiments.

Newton’sworkledhimtocreateanewtechniqueinmathematicsformeasuringareascurvedinshape.Healsousedittofindhowmuchmaterialwascontainedinsolidobjects.Thetechniquehecreatedbecameknownasintegralcalculus.

Oneday,sittinginthegarden,hewatchedanapplefallfromatree.HebegantowonderifthesameforcethatpulledtheappledownalsokeptthemooncirclingtheEarth.Newtonbelieveditwas.Andhebelieveditcouldbemeasured.

Hecalledtheforcegravity.Hebegantoexamineitcarefully.

Hedecidedthatthestrengthoftheforcekeepingaplanetinorbitaroundthesundependedontwothings.Onewastheamountofmassintheplanetandthesun.Theotherwashowfaraparttheywere.

Newtonwasabletofindtheexactrelationshipbetweendistanceandgravity.Hemultipliedthemassofonespacebodybythemassoftheothers.Thenhedividedthatnumberbythesquareoftheirdistanceapart.Theresultwasthestrengthofthegravityforcethattiedthemtoeachother.

2.Hubble’sLaw

Inthelate1920s,Hubblestudiedthemovementofgalaxiesthroughspace.Hisinvestigationledtothemostimportantastronomicaldiscoveryofthe20thcentury—theexpandinguniverse.

EarlierobservationsaboutthemovementofgalaxieshadbeendonebyV.M.Silpher.HediscoveredthatgalaxiesaremovingawayfromEarthatspeedsbetweenthree-hundredkilometersasecondandone-thousandeight-hundredkilometersasecond.

HubbleunderstoodtheimportanceofSilpher’sfindings.Hedevelopedaplanformeasuringboththedistanceandspeedofasmanygalaxiesaspossible.WithhisassistantatMountWilson,MiltonHumason,Hubblemeasuredthemovementofgalaxies.ThetwomendidthisbystudyingwhatHubblecalledthe“redshit”.ItalsoisknownastheDopplereffect.

TheDopplereffectexplainschangesinthelengthoflightwavesorsoundwavesastheymovetowardyouorawayfromyou.Lightwavesfromanobjectspeedingawayfromyouwillstretchintolongerwavelengths.Theyappearred.Lightwavesfromanobjectspeedingtowardyouwillhaveshorterwavelengths.Theyappearblue.

Observationsofforty-sixgalaxiesshowedHubblethatthegalaxiesweretravelingawayfromEarth.Theobservationsalsoshowedthatspeedwaslinkeddirectlytothegalaxies’distancefromEarth.Hubblediscoveredthatthefartherawayagalaxyis,thegreateritsspeed.ThisscientificruleiscalledHubble’sLaw.

3.Dream

Menandwomeninancienttimesoftenbelievedthatspiritsvisitedthemintheirdreams.Thespiritsbroughtmessagesofhopeordanger.AncientAssyrians(亞述人),Egyptians,Greeks,and,Romansallturnedtodreamsforsupernaturalanswerstotheirquestions.Theybelieveddreamscouldshowthefuture,warnofevil,bringhappiness.Priests(僧侶)andmedicinemenstudieddreamstolearnthecauseandcureofsicknesses.Theybuilttemplesandmadesacrificessotheirgodswouldspeaktothemthroughdreams.

TheancientGreeks,specially,sawdreamsashiddenmessagesfromthegods.However,oneGreekphilosopher,Aristotle,didnot.Hebelievedthegodswouldspeakonlytoafewspecialpeople,noteveryone.Andeveryonehaddreams.Almosttwo-thousand-four-hundredyearsago,anotherGreek—Hippocrates—wroteaboutdreams.Hippocratesisconsideredthefatherofmedicine.Hippocratesbelieveddreamscouldbeusedastoolsforlearningthenatureofaperson’ssickness.Forexample,supposeapersondreamedaboutafruittreethatwouldnotgrow.Suchadream,Hippocratessaidcouldmeanthatthepersonhadadiseaseofthereproductivesystem(再生系統(tǒng)).

Somehistoriansthinkthedreamsofancientpeoplesledtothedevelopmentofreligion.Thisincludesthebeliefinthesurvivalofthespiritafterdeath.

【答案】1.牛頓

牛頓運(yùn)用他在數(shù)學(xué)方面的高超技巧，對世界和宇宙有了更好的認(rèn)識。他用小時候?qū)W到的方法做東西。他嘗試。然后，他研究結(jié)果，并利用他所學(xué)到的設(shè)計新的實驗。

牛頓的工作使他在數(shù)學(xué)中創(chuàng)造了一種測量曲面面積的新技術(shù)。他還用它來發(fā)現(xiàn)固體中含有多少物質(zhì)。他創(chuàng)造的這項技術(shù)后來被稱為積分學(xué)。

一天，他坐在花園里，看到一個蘋果從樹上掉下來。他開始想，把蘋果拉下來的力量，是否也讓月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。牛頓認(rèn)為是。他相信這是可以衡量的。

他稱這種力為重力。他開始認(rèn)真地調(diào)查。

他認(rèn)為保持行星繞太陽軌道運(yùn)行的力量取決于兩個因素。一個是行星和太陽的質(zhì)量。另一個是它們之間的距離。

牛頓能夠找到距離和重力之間的精確關(guān)系。他用一個空間物體的質(zhì)量乘以其他物體的質(zhì)量。然后他把這個數(shù)字除以它們之間距離的平方。其結(jié)果是將它們相互綁在一起的重力的強(qiáng)度。

2.哈勃定律

在20世紀(jì)20年代末，哈勃研究了星系在太空中的運(yùn)動。他的研究導(dǎo)致了20世紀(jì)最重要的天文發(fā)現(xiàn)——不斷膨脹的宇宙。

關(guān)于星系運(yùn)動的早期觀察是由V.M.希爾弗做的。他發(fā)現(xiàn)星系正以每秒300公里到每秒1800公里的速度遠(yuǎn)離地球。

哈勃明白希爾弗發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。他制定了一個計劃來測量盡可能多的星系的距離和速度。哈勃和他在威爾遜山的助手米爾頓?哈馬森一起測量了星系的運(yùn)動。這兩個人是通過研究哈勃所說的“紅色大便”來做到這一點的。這也被稱為多普勒效應(yīng)。

多普勒效應(yīng)解釋了光波或聲波在向你移動或遠(yuǎn)離你時長度的變化。從加速遠(yuǎn)離你的物體發(fā)出的光波會延伸到更長的波長。出現(xiàn)紅色。從一個物體向你飛來的光波的波長會更短。它們出現(xiàn)藍(lán)色。

哈勃對46個星系的觀察表明，這些星系正在遠(yuǎn)離地球。觀測結(jié)果還表明，速度與星系離地球的距離直接相關(guān)。哈勃發(fā)現(xiàn)星系越遠(yuǎn)，其速度就越快。這一科學(xué)規(guī)律被稱為哈勃定律。

3.夢想

古時候的男人和女人通常相信靈魂在他們的夢中拜訪他們。靈魂帶來了希望或危險的信息。古代亞述人、埃及人、希臘人和羅馬人都從夢中尋求超自然的答案。他們相信夢可以顯示未來，警告邪惡，帶來幸福。牧師和藥師研究夢來了解疾病的起因和治療方法。他們建造廟宇，獻(xiàn)祭，讓他們的神通過夢境與他們對話。

尤其是古希臘人，把夢看作是來自神的隱藏信息。然而，一位希臘哲學(xué)家亞里士多德卻不認(rèn)為。他相信神只會對少數(shù)特殊的人說話，而不是所有人。每個人都有夢想。大約2400年前，另一位希臘人希波克拉底寫過關(guān)于夢的文章。希波克拉底被認(rèn)為是醫(yī)學(xué)之父。希波克拉底認(rèn)為夢可以被用作了解一個人疾病本質(zhì)的工具。例如，假設(shè)一個人夢到一棵不長的果樹。希波克拉底說，這樣的夢可能意味著這個人患有生殖系統(tǒng)疾病。

一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為古代人民的夢想導(dǎo)致了宗教的發(fā)展。這包括對人死后靈魂依然存在的信仰。

4.單選題

ThekeywordsFranciswroteonthebackofanoldletter,“TheStarSpangledBanner''becamethenational（）oftheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.song

B.hymn

C.anthem

D.motto

【答案】A

【解析】句意:弗朗西斯在一封舊信的背面寫下的關(guān)鍵詞“星條旗之歌”后來成為了美國的國歌。

考查名詞辨析。song歌曲;hymn贊美詩;anthem圣歌，頌歌；motto座右銘。四個選項中，A符合句意。

5.單選題

TheAmericanRevolutionhadnomedievallegalinstitutionsto（）ortorootout,apartfrommonarchy.

問題1選項

A.discard

B.discreet

C.discord

D.disgorge

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析?？崭窈蟮膐r代表并列關(guān)系，因此選項應(yīng)與rootout動詞詞性相符合。discard“拋棄，丟棄”；discreet“謹(jǐn)慎的”，沒有動詞用法；discord“不一致”；disgorge“吐出，被迫交出”。句意：除了君主政體，美國革命沒有中世紀(jì)的法律制度可以廢除或……。因此A選項符合題意。

6.單選題

Bysigningtheleasewemadea（

）topayarentof$200aweek.

問題1選項

A.conception

B.commission

C.commitment

D.confinement

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項conception“概念，設(shè)想”；B選項commission“委員會；傭金”；C選項commitment“承諾，保證”；D選項confinement“限制，監(jiān)禁”。句意：通過簽訂租約，我們承諾每周支付200美元的租金。選項C符合句意。

7.單選題

Allthewindowsofthefactorywereshatteredbytheterribleexplosion.

問題1選項

A.smashed

B.crushed

C.crashed

D.splintered

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項smashed“打碎”，指突然而猛烈地重?fù)裟澄?，使之破碎或完全變形；B選項crushed“壓碎”，指用力把東西壓破或變形；C選項crashed“碰撞”，指摔壞，墜毀；D選項splintered“分裂”，指物品裂開。句意：工廠的所有窗戶都被可怕的爆炸震碎了。劃線部分shattered是打碎的意思。因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

Manyyoungpeopleinvolvedinforcedmarriageshavetofacea（）,thatis,theylovetheirparentsbuttheyalsowanttopursuetruelove.

問題1選項

A.dilemma

B.confrontation

C.doctrine

D.conflict

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項dilemma“進(jìn)退兩難”，B選項confrontation“爭執(zhí)，對抗”，C選項doctrine“教義，學(xué)說，信條”，D選項conflict“爭執(zhí)，分歧”，句意:許多卷入逼婚的年輕人不得不面對一個兩難的境地，即他們愛父母，但也想追求真愛。因此，A選項符合句意。

9.單選題

Everyoneistryingto（）howthefirestarted.

問題1選項

A.figureout

B.makeout

C.turnout

D.clearout

【答案】B

【解析】figureout"計算岀;估計";makeout"理解;辨認(rèn)岀";turnout"生產(chǎn),結(jié)果是";clearout"清除,掃出"。根據(jù)句意：每個人都想弄明白火是如何開始的。選項B符合句意。

10.單選題

Militaryordersare（）andcannotbedisobeyed.

問題1選項

A.detective

B.conservative

C.alternative

D.imperative

【答案】D

【解析】detective偵探的；conservative保守的；alternative可選擇的；imperative命令的，勢在必行的。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指軍事命令是必須執(zhí)行的，不得不遵守。選項D符合語境。

11.單選題

Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?Whyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthalone?Eightyearsago,whenBillClintonfirstranforpresident,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,5000,yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond,andnoonetalkedaboutthe“permanentboom”orthe“neweconomy”.Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof“notleavingasinglepersonbehind”.Itispossiblethatsimilar“compassionate”rhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.

Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsago,whenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertain,orinpreviouseras,whenthecountryfeltflush.Evenlastsummer,whenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkable,BobbyKenned-likepilgrimagethroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louis,theadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasa“newmarketsinitiative.”

Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit—agrowingeconomy—isbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedical,mentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution.“Theeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparation,anyabilitytocopewithmodemlife,”saysFranklinD.Raines,theformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMae.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutions,theytalkanalyticallyandlong-term;education,developmentofworkskills,shiftsinthelabormarket,adjustmentsinwelfarereform.

ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ItistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftoutIt’ssimpleinvisibility,becauseofincreasinggeographic,occupational,andsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheother’sview.

1.Inthispassage,thewordstraitenedmeans（）.

2.Inthispassage,thewordflushmeans（）.

3.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.

4.Whichstatementfromthepassageisanopinion?

5.Afterreadingthispassage,youcanconcludethat（）.

6.Theauthorstatesthatoneimportantreasonthatwedonottalkmuchaboutpovertyisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.difficult

B.wealthy

C.past

D.distant

問題2選項

A.poor

B.angry

C.rich

D.hardworking

問題3選項

A.Thecountryisenjoyingeconomicgrowth

B.Thepoorarebenefitingfromtoday’sgoodeconomy

C.Inthepastweweremoreawareofthepoorthanwearetoday.

D.Inthepastthereweremanymorepoorpeoplethantherearetoday.

問題4選項

A.Anotherforcehasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.

B.Clinton’stourwascalleda“newmarketsinitiative.”

C.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades.

D.Eightyearsago,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,5000,andyearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollars.

問題5選項

A.therelationshipbetweentherichandthepoorhaschanged

B.thegoodeconomywillsoonend

C.povertywillbeobliteratedasaresultofincreasedwealth

D.allpeoplebenefitfromgoodeconomicconditions

問題6選項

A.nooneknowswhattodoaboutit.

B.povertyreallyislowerthaninthepast

C.noonehasbeenleftoutofthecurrentboom

D.thepresidentisnotconcernedaboutthepoor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)原文可知，“inthatmorestraitenedtime”指的是上文提到的Clinton競選總統(tǒng)時期，道瓊斯指數(shù)不到3.5萬點，每年的政府預(yù)算赤字預(yù)計將一直處于數(shù)千億美元，甚至更高，沒有人談?wù)摗坝谰梅睒s”或“新經(jīng)濟(jì)”。由此可以推斷，這個時期是貧窮的，困難的，所以選項A正確。

2.詞匯題。根據(jù)第二段第一句，但令人吃驚的是，相對于八年前國家經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定的時候，現(xiàn)在人們談?wù)撠毨г掝}的次數(shù)越來越少，同樣地，在以前國家富裕的時候，人們談?wù)摰拇螖?shù)也少。由此可知，“flush”指的是“rich”,選項C正確。

3.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句，以前，只要我們有錢了，就會討論貧困問題?，F(xiàn)在為什么不了？為什么當(dāng)前的貧富政治似乎只與財富有關(guān)?再根據(jù)第二段第一句，但令人吃驚的是，相對于八年前國家經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定的時候，現(xiàn)在人們談?wù)撠毨г掝}的次數(shù)越來越少，同樣地，在以前國家富裕的時候，人們談?wù)摰拇螖?shù)也少。由此可知，本文的主旨是：過去人們比現(xiàn)在更加關(guān)注貧困問題。選項C正確。

4.推理判斷題。以下哪一項表達(dá)的是觀點。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.”但我認(rèn)為，還有另一股力量使這個時代成為一個幾乎看不到窮人的富裕時代。由此可知，這是作者的觀點，其他選項均為原文中的事實而不是觀點。所以本題選A。

5.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文提到現(xiàn)在的人們不像過去那樣關(guān)注貧困問題。而產(chǎn)生這種情況的原因是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，貧富之間的差距縮小了，也就是說，貧窮和富裕之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了改變，所以選項A符合原文；選項C中貧困并沒有被消除，所以表述不正確。

6.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段的一二句“Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.”目前的情況在一定程度上是一種合乎邏輯的、政策驅(qū)動的反應(yīng)。貧困確實比過去幾十年都要低，尤其是對少數(shù)群體而言。由此可知，選項B符合原文。

12.單選題

Foramomenthewasspeechless,stilltooastonishedto（

）whatitallmeant,andthenhesatheavilyandleanedforward,puttinghishanddownonthesummonsbutton.

問題1選項

A.breakdown

B.searchfor

C.takein

D.seeafter

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。breakdown“分解，故障”；searchfor“搜尋”；takein“吸收，領(lǐng)會”；seeafter“照顧，照料”。句意為：他一時說不出話來，仍十分驚訝，不知這一切意味著什么。他心事重重地坐了下來，身子向前傾斜，將手放在傳喚按鈕上。選項C符合句意。

13.單選題

（）thatitmightbeeasiertoprepareabettermapofthemoonthanoftheearth.

問題1選項

A.Tosay

B.Theysay

C.Thesaying

D.Itissaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查形式主語從句。it+be+形容詞、名詞或者過去分詞+從句，it指代的具體內(nèi)容是從句。A，C選項代入題干不能構(gòu)成一個完整的句子；B選項they的內(nèi)容指代不明，因此D選項正確。

14.單選題

Herpanicwastransient,andceasedwhenshebegantospeak.

問題1選項

A.beyonddescription

B.unnoticed

C.passingquickly

D.vague

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞和詞組辨析。transient“短暫的；路過的”；A選項beyonddescription“無法形容，難以形容”；B選項unnoticed“被忽視的；不引人注意的；未被注意的”；C選項passingquickly“飛逝的”；D選項vague“模糊的；含糊的”。句意：她的驚慌是暫時的，一開口就停止了。由題干中的“ceasedwhenshebegantospeak一開口就停止了”可推知transient在這里有“短暫的”的意思，因此C選項正確。

15.單選題

Theyhadtoeata(n)（

）meal,ortheywouldbetoolatefortheconcert.

問題1選項

A.temporary

B.hasty

C.immediate

D.urgent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。temporary“暫時的，臨時的”；hasty“匆忙的，輕率的”；immediate“立即的，直接的”；urgent“緊急的，急迫的”。

句意：他們只能急匆匆地吃了飯，不然音樂會他們就會遲到了。選項B符合題意。

16.單選題

Therearelawstospecifytheperson（s）whowillobtainadeadperson's（）ifnowillexists.

問題1選項

A.heritage

B.fame

C.estate

D.prestige

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。heritage遺產(chǎn);fame名聲;estate房地產(chǎn),財產(chǎn);prestige威望。句意：法律規(guī)定,如果沒有遺囑,誰將獲得死者的遺產(chǎn)。選項C符合句意。

17.翻譯題

新的一年才剛剛開始，你就發(fā)現(xiàn)很難堅持“告別垃圾食品、遠(yuǎn)離沙發(fā)、戒煙”這些新年決心了吧？我們很難改掉壞習(xí)慣是由于生物學(xué)的原因——這些壞習(xí)慣根植于我們的大腦中。

1.這并不是讓人放棄新年決心的借口。了解不健康的習(xí)慣怎樣變得根深蒂固可以啟發(fā)科學(xué)家研究出一些讓好習(xí)慣代替壞習(xí)慣的“技巧”。

諾拉?沃爾科夫博士說：“為什么壞習(xí)慣更加頑固？因為它能帶來即時的犒賞，而這種即時犒賞的力量很強(qiáng)大?！?/p>

那么這一點快樂的感覺是怎樣轉(zhuǎn)化為一種習(xí)慣的呢？這與一種感知快樂的化學(xué)物質(zhì)多巴胺有關(guān)。多巴胺使大腦不斷期望得到這種犒賞，從而不斷加強(qiáng)快樂感與這種行為之間的聯(lián)系，特別是當(dāng)它能從周圍環(huán)境中得到正確的暗示時。

2.

一項“為行為變化買單”的運(yùn)動可能會對這種聯(lián)系加以利用，在這項運(yùn)動中，一些公司給雇員提供“即時報酬”或是“保險回扣”，以激勵他們形成更好的習(xí)慣。不管這項運(yùn)動結(jié)果如何，研究人員說我們的確可以采取某些行為來對抗壞習(xí)慣對大腦的吸引力。

3.那就是，重復(fù)，重復(fù)，再重復(fù)你的新行為，使之成為每天固定時間的例行活動。下決心鍛煉？那就每天早上固定時間鍛煉，而不要隨意找時間，這樣會使大腦最終接受這個新習(xí)慣。神經(jīng)學(xué)家沃爾科夫也是一個熱愛跑步的人，他說：“如果你哪天沒鍛煉，便會感覺很糟糕?！?/p>

運(yùn)動本身能提升多巴胺的水平，這樣盡管運(yùn)動結(jié)束后你的肌肉感覺酸痛，但是你的大腦還是會感覺良好。

【答案】1.That’snotanexcusetogiveup.Understandinghowunhealthybehaviorsbecomeingrainedcanenlightenscientistsonlearningsometricksthatmayhelpusreplacethebadhabitswiththegoodones.

2.Amovementtopaypeopleforbehaviorchangesmayexploitthatconnection,assomecompaniesofferemployeesoutrightpaymentsorinsurancerebatesforadoptingbetterhabits.

3.Repeat,repeat,repeatthenewbehavior—thesameroutineatthesametimeofday.Resolvedtoexercise?Doingitatthesametimeofthemorning,ratherthanfittingitinhaphazardly,willmakethecerebrumrecognizethehabitsoeventually.

18.單選題

Duringtheirfistteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe

（

）oflessons.

問題1選項

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。observation“觀察，監(jiān)視”；investigation“調(diào)查”；inspection“視察，檢查”；examination“考試”。句意：這些學(xué)生在第一年教師培訓(xùn)期的時候，經(jīng)常去一些當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校觀摩。選項A符合題意。

19.單選題

Otherfactors（

）tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

問題1選項

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。cause“成為…的原因，導(dǎo)致”；give“提供，給予”；contribute“貢獻(xiàn)，出力，通常和介詞to連用”；result“導(dǎo)致，發(fā)生”；根據(jù)空格后的介詞to和句意‘（

）經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的其他因素是先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)和更好的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)。’確定C選項正確。

20.單選題

Thenewradiodirection-findingdevicecould（）atransmissionwitharemarkablespeed.

問題1選項

A.carryoff

B.bendto

C.shrugoff

D.latchonto

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨祈題。carryoff攜帶，成功地處理；bendto屈從于；shrugoff擺脫，不屑理睬；latchonto鎖上。句意：這種新的無線電測向裝置能以驚人的速度進(jìn)行傳輸。選項A符合句意。

21.單選題

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

問題1選項

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。blatant“喧囂的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“顯而易見的”。句意：毫無疑問，不誠實或秘密獲取的信息通常是壓倒性的證據(jù)，表明這種信息是機(jī)密的，不屬于辯護(hù)人員技能和知識的一部分。選項B符合題意。

22.單選題

Thelifestoryofthehumanspeciesgoesbackamillionyears,andthereisnodoubtthatmancameonlyrecentlytothewesternhemisphere.Noneofthethousandsofsitesofaboriginalhabitationuncoveredin-WorthandSouthAmericahasantiquitycomparabletothatofoldWorldsites.Man'soccupationoftheNewWorldmaydateseveraltensofthousandsofyears,butnoonerationallyarguesthathehasbeenhereeven100,000years.

SpeculationastohowmanfoundhiswaytoAmericawaslivelyattheoutset,andtheproposedroutesboxedthecompass.Withoneortwonotableexceptions,however,studentsofAmericananthropologysoonsettledfortheplausibleideathatthefirstimmigrantscamebywayofalandbridgethathadconnectedthenortheastcomerofAsiatothenorthwestcomerofNorthAmericaacrosstheBeringStrait)Marinerswereabletosupplythereassuringinformationthatthestraitisnotonlynarrowitis56mileswide-butalsoshallow,aloweringofthesealevelthereby100feetorsowouldtransformthestraitintoanisthmus(地峽).WithlittleeelsinthewayofevidencetosustaintheBeringStraitlandbridge,anthropologistsembracedtheideathatmanwalkeddry-hoedfromAsiatoAmerica.

Towardtheendofthy/lastcentury,however,itbecameapparentthattheWesternHemispherewastheNewWorldnotonlyformanbutalsoforahostofanimalsandplants.ZoologistsandbotanistsshowedthatnumeroussubjectsoftheirrespectivekingdomsmusthaveoriginatedinAsiaandspreadtoAmerica.Thesefindingswereneitherastonishingnorwhollyunexpected.Suchspreadofpopulationsisnottobeenvisionedasanexodusormassmigration,eveninthecaseofanimals.Itis,rather,aspillingintonewterritorythataccompaniesincreaseinnumbers,withmovementinthedirectionofleastpopulationpressureandmostfavorableecologicalconditions.Buttheimmensetrafficinplantandanimal’sformsplacedaheavyburdenontheBeringStraitlandbridgeastheanthropologistsaheadenvisionedit.Whereaspurposefulmencouldmaketheirwayacrossanarrowbridge,theslowdiffusionofplantandanimalswouldrequireanavenueasacontinentandavailableforagesatastretch.

1.ThemovementofplantsandanimalsfromAsiatoAmericaindicates（）.

2.Theauthorisrefutingthenotionthat（）.

3.Byusingthewords“boxedthecompass”(inLine7)theauthorimpliesthat（）.

4.Onereasonforthemigrationnotmentionedbytheauthoris（）.

5.Wemayassumethatintileparagraphthatfollowsthispassagetheauthorarguesabout（）.

問題1選項

A.thattheycouldnothavetraveledacrosstheBeringStrait

B.thatAsiaandtheWesternhemispherewereconnectedbyalargelandmass

C.thattheBeringSeawasanisthmusatonetime

D.thatmigrationwasintheonedirectiononly

問題2選項

A.lifearoseinAmericaindependentlyoflifeinEurope

B.thefirstsettlersinAmericacameduringthesixteenthcentury

C.alargecontinentonceexistedwhichhasdisappeared

D.manwasahosttoanimalsandplants

問題3選項

A.themigrationofmankindwasfromWesttoEast

B.themigrationofmankindwasfromEasttoWest

C.mankindtraveledinalldirections

D.mankindwalkedfromAsiatoAmerica

問題4選項

A.overcrowding

B.favorableenvironmentalconditions

C.famine

D.theexistenceofalandbridge

問題5選項

A.thecontributionsofanthropologist

B.thecontributionsofzoologistsandbotanists

C.thecontributionsmadebytheAmericanIndians

D.theexistenceofalargelandmassbetweenAsiaandNorthAmerica

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“thefirstimmigrantscamebywayofalandbridgethathadconnectedthenortheastcomerofAsiatothenorthwestcomerofNorthAmericaacrosstheBeringStrait.Marinerswereabletosupplythereassuringinformationthatthestraitisnotonlynarrowitis56mileswide-butalsoshallow,aloweringofthesealevelthereby100feetorsowouldtransformthestraitintoanisthmus(地峽).”，可知第一批移民者通過一座橋連接