考研考博-英語-山東中醫(yī)藥高等?？茖W?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東中醫(yī)藥高等?？茖W?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hisremarkswereso______thatwecouldnotdecidewhichofthepossiblemeaningswascorrect.

問題1選項

A.facetious

B.ambiguous

C.cogent

D.impalpable

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.facetious亂引人發(fā)笑的B.ambiguous模棱兩可的，含混不清的

C.cogent有說服力的D.impalpable觸摸不到的，感覺不著的

【答案】B

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句句意“我們無法斷定那一種可能的意思是正確的”可知，Hisremarkswereso______表示“他的話含糊其辭”符合前后句意。因此，該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】他的話含糊其辭，我們無法斷定那一種可能的意思是正確的。

2.單選題

Thedoctorhasdifficulty______thisinfection.

問題1選項

A.fortreading

B.totreat

C.intreating

D.beingtreating

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：醫(yī)生在治療這個感染病上遇到困難。做某事遇到困難用sb.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.，所以C選項intreating符合題意，故正確。其余選項語法錯誤。因此C選項正確。

3.單選題

Althoughthegovernmentstillenjoysahighlevelofpublicsupport,thecrimeproblemhasstirredpolit?ical_______andsuspicions.

問題1選項

A.substance

B.antagonisms

C.dimension

D.possession

【答案】B

【解析】substance物質,實質;antagonism對抗,敵意;dimension尺寸;possession擁有。句意：雖然政府仍然享有很高的公眾支持,但犯罪問題已經(jīng)引發(fā)了對抗對立和猜疑。選項B符合句意。

4.單選題

Materialculturereferstothetouchable,material“things”—physicalobjectsthatcanbeseen,held,felt,used—thatacultureproduces.Examiningaculture’stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup’shistoryandwaysoflife.Similarly,researchintothematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpustounderstandthemusic-culture.Themostvividbodyof“things”init,ofcourse,ismusicalinstrument.Wecannothearforourselvestheactualsoundofanymusicalperformancebeforethe1870swhenthephonograph(留聲機)wasinvented,sowerelyoninstrumentsforimportantinformationaboutmusic-culturesintheremotepastandtheirdevelopment.Herewehavetwokindsofevidence:instrumentswellpreservedandinstrumentspicturedinart.Throughthestudyofinstruments,aswellaspaintings,writtendocuments,andsoon,wecanexplorethemovementofmusicfromtheNearEasttoChinaoverathousandyearsago,orwecanoutlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentofmostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra.

Sheetmusicorprintedmusic,tooismaterialculture.Scholarsoncedefinedfolkmusic-culturesasthoseinwhichpeoplelearnandsingmusicbyearratherthanfromprint,butresearchshowsmutualinfluenceamongoralandwrittensourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,Britain,andAmerica,printedversionslimitvarietybecausetheytendtostandardizeanysong,yettheystimulatepeopletocreatenewanddifferentsong.Besides,theabilitytoreadmusicnotation(樂譜)hasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidespread,onthemusic-cultureaswhole.

Onemoreimportantpartformusic’smaterialcultureshouldbesingledout:theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,television,andvideocassette,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandotherdevelopments.Thisisallpartofthe“informationrevolution,”atwentieth-centuryphenomenonasimportantastheindustrialrevolutionwasinthenineteenth.Theseelectronicmediaarenotjustlimitedtomodernnations,theyhaveaffectedmusic-culturesallovertheglobe.

1.Researchintothematerialcultureofanationisofgreatimportancebecause（）.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthispassagethat（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,musicnotationisimportantbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheintroductionofelectronicmediaintotheworldofmusic（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.ithelpsproducenewculturaltoolsandtechnologyt

B.itcanreflectthedevelopmentofthenationt

C.ithelpsunderstandthenation’spastandpresentt

D.itcandemonstratethenation’scivilizationt

問題2選項

A.theexistenceofthesymphonywasattributedtothespreadofNearEasternandChinesemusic.t

B.NearEasternmusichadaninfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestrat

C.thedevelopmentofthesymphonyshowsthemutualinfluenceofEasternandWesternmusict

D.themusicalinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestraweredevelopedonthebasisofNearEasternmusict

問題3選項

A.ithasagreateffectonthemusic-cultureasmoreandmorepeopleareabletoreaditt

B.ittendstostandardizefolksongswhenitisusedbyfolkmusicianst

C.itistheprintedversionofstandardizedfolkmusict

D.itencouragespeopletopopularizeprintedversionsofsongst

問題4選項

A.hasbroughtaboutaninformationrevolutiont

B.hasspeededupthearrivalofanewgenerationofcomputest

C.hasgivenrisetonewformsofmusicculturet

D.hasledtothetransformationoftraditionalmusicalinstrumentst

問題5選項

A.Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbereplacedbycomputers.t

B.Musiccannotbepassedontofuturegenerationunlessitisrecorded.t

C.Folksongscannotbespreadfarunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheets.t

D.Thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“研究一個國家的物質文化是非常重要的，因為……”。本文主要講述的是通過音樂物質文化來探究音樂文化的發(fā)展；結合第一段第五句提到werelyoninstrumentsforimportantinformationaboutmusic-culturesintheremotepastandtheirdevelopment.（我們依靠樂器來獲取有關遠古音樂文化及其發(fā)展的重要信息），可推斷，通過研究一個國家物質文化可以探究這個國家的發(fā)展，即它的過去和現(xiàn)在，故C項“它有助于了解這個國家的過去和現(xiàn)在”正確。A項“它有助于產(chǎn)生新的文化工具和技術”和D項“它可以展示這個民族的文明”與文章無關；B項“它能反映國家的發(fā)展”太過于籠統(tǒng)。故該題選擇C項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“從這篇文章中可以了解到……”。第一段最后一句話提到wecanexplorethemovementofmusicfromtheNearEasttoChinaoverathousandyearsago,orwecanoutlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentofmostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra.（我們可以追溯一千多年前近東音樂傳入中國的歷史，也可以勾勒出近東音樂的影響波及歐洲并導致交響樂的大部分樂器發(fā)展的大致輪廓），由此可知近東音樂對交響樂團樂器的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了影響，故B項“近東音樂對交響樂團樂器的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了影響”正確。A項“交響樂的存在是由于近東和中國音樂的傳播”和C項“交響樂的發(fā)展是東西方音樂相互影響的結果”表述與原文不符；D項“交響樂團的樂器是在近東音樂的基礎上發(fā)展起來的”，文章講述的是交響樂團的樂器是在近東音樂的影響波及歐洲之后發(fā)展的，并不代表就是在近東音樂的基礎上發(fā)展起來，也有可能有歐洲的影響。D項不正確。故該題選擇B項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者，音樂記譜法之所以重要是因為……”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Besides,theabilitytoreadmusicnotation(樂譜)hasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidespread,onthemusic-cultureaswhole.（此外，閱讀樂譜的能力對音樂家有著深遠的影響，當它變得普遍時，也會對整個音樂文化產(chǎn)生深遠的影響）可知，音樂記譜法之所以重要是因為當人們能夠讀懂它的時候，它會對整個音樂文化產(chǎn)生深遠的影響，故A項“當越來越多的人能夠讀懂它，它對音樂文化有很大的影響”正確。B項“當它被民間音樂家使用時，它傾向于使民歌標準化”，第二段第二句提到butresearchshowsmutualinfluenceamongoralandwrittensourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,Britain,andAmerica,printedversionslimitvarietybecausetheytendtostandardizeanysong（但研究表明，在過去的幾個世紀里，在歐洲、英國和美國，口述和書面來源相互影響，印刷版本限制了多樣性，因為它們傾向于將任何歌曲標準化）可知，是印刷版傾向于將任何歌曲標準化，B項錯誤；C項“它是標準化的民間音樂的印刷版本”和D項“它鼓勵人們普及歌曲的印刷版本”沒有提到。故該題選擇A項正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以得出結論，電子媒體進入音樂世界……”。最后一段提到Onemoreimportantpartformusic’smaterialcultureshouldbesingledout:theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,television,andvideocassette,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandotherdevelopments.（音樂物質文化的一個更重要的部分應該被挑出來：電子媒體的影響——收音機、錄音機、磁帶錄音機、電視和錄像帶，以及未來有希望的會說話和唱歌的電腦和其他發(fā)展），結合文章內(nèi)容可知，電子媒體被引入到音樂文化中，它是音樂的載體，那么可以推斷電子媒體的多元化意味著更多的音樂形式，故C項“已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了新的音樂文化形式”符合題意。A項“已經(jīng)帶來了一場信息革命”，文章只提到電子媒體是信息革命的一部分，沒有提到是電子媒體帶來了信息革命，偷換概念；B項“加快了新一代計算機的到來”表述不符合原文；D項“導致了傳統(tǒng)樂器的轉變”文中沒有提到。故該題選擇C項正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“下面哪一個最好地總結了文章的主要思想？”。本文主要講述的是音樂物質文化展現(xiàn)的音樂發(fā)展歷程，即樂器作為物質對音樂的發(fā)展；而且文章第一段也講到Examiningaculture’stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup’shistoryandwaysoflife.Similarly,researchintothematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpustounderstandthemusic-culture.Themostvividbodyof“things”init,ofcourse,ismusicalinstrument.（研究一種文化的工具和技術可以告訴我們這個群體的歷史和生活方式；同樣，研究音樂的物質文化可以幫助我們理解音樂文化；當然，其中最生動的“物”是樂器），所以文章的主要思想是音樂文化的發(fā)展依賴于它的物質方面，D項“音樂文化的發(fā)展高度依賴于其物質方面”符合題意。A項“多年來發(fā)展起來的樂器遲早會被電腦取代”，文章沒有這樣的表述；B項“音樂不能傳給未來的一代，除非它被記錄下來”和C項“民歌不能傳播很遠，除非它們被打印在樂譜上”都是部分提及，太片面。故該題選擇D項正確。

5.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal（）forlivingexpenses.

問題1選項

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項acceptable“可接受的”；B選項applicable“可適用的，合適的”；C選項advisable“明智的”；D選項available“可獲得的”。句意：一般來說，學生可用于住房的錢應該占全部生活費的五分之一。availablefor意為“可用于……的”，所以選項D正確。

6.單選題

The（）ofmodembridgeismadeofconcreteorsteelandcoveredwithsomethingelse.

問題1選項

A.arch

B.platform

C.skeleton

D.coating

【答案】A

【解析】arch拱形,拱門；platform平臺,月臺；skeleton骨架,骨骼；coating涂層,包衣。句意：現(xiàn)代橋梁的拱是由混凝土或鋼制成的,上面覆蓋著其他的材料。選項A符合句意。

7.單選題

Schoolchildrenoughttobe（）totheirparentsandteachers.

問題1選項

A.alien

B.transient

C.obedient

D.current

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項alien“外國的；相異的”；B選項transient“短暫的；路過的”；C選項obedient“服從的；孝順的”；D選項current“現(xiàn)在的；最近的”。句意：學齡兒童應該……父母和老師。句中主語是Schoolchildren，由關鍵信息totheirparentsandteachers“對其父母和老師”要服從。因此C選項符合題意。

8.填空題

ShortlyafterWorldWarII,Americanartbegantogamerworldwideattentionand________.Thischangewasduetotheinnovativefervorofabstractexpressionisminthe1950s.(admire)

【答案】admiration

【解析】【考查點】名詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關鍵詞and，可知attention和橫線所在內(nèi)容為并列結構，應該和attention一樣為名詞，admiration“贊賞”符合語境，指的是美國藝術引起全世界的贊賞。

【句意】第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后不久，美國藝術開始引起全世界的注意和贊賞。這種變化源于20世紀50年代抽象表現(xiàn)主義的創(chuàng)新熱情。

9.單選題

Someeconomistsfretthatsharepricesaremovingfar______companiesearnings,toadegreescantyreminiscentofJapaninthelate1980sjustbeforeitscrash.

問題1選項

A.aheadof

B.backof

C.independentof

D.abreastof

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。aheadof“在……之前”；backof“在……后面”；independentof“不受……支配的”；abreastof“保持與……并列”。句意：一些經(jīng)濟學家擔心，股價……公司盈利，這在一定程度上讓人想起上世紀80年代末日本股市崩盤前的情景?？芍鞍刖鋺硎尽肮善眱r格超過了公司盈利”。因此A選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Thenarrowpassageendedinaroundarchfringedwithivyandcreepers.Thechildrenpassedthroughthearchintoanarrowravinewhosebankswereofstone,moss-covered.Treesgrowingonthetopofthebankarchedacrossandthesunlightcamethroughinchangingpatchesofbrightness.Thepath,whichwasofgreeny-greystoneswhereheapsofleaveshaddrifted,slopedsteeplydown,andattheendofitwasanotherroundarch,quitedarkinside,abovewhichwereroserocksandgrassandbushes.

“It’sliketheoutsideofarailwaytunnel,”saidJimmy.

“Itmightbetheentrancetoanenchantedcastle,”saidKathleen.

Underthedrifteddampleavesthepathwasfirmandstony.Atthedarkarchtheystopped.

“Therearestepsdown,”saidGerald.

Veryslowlyandcarefullytheywentdownthesteps.Geraldstruckamatchwhenthelaststepwasfoundtohavenoedgeandtobeinfactthebeginningofapassageturningtotheleft.

“This,”saidJimmy,“mighttakeusbacktotheroad.”

“Orunderit,”saidGerald,“we’vecomedownelevensteps.”

Theywenton,followingGerald,whowentveryslowlyforfear,asheexplained,ofsteps.Thepassagewasverydark.

ThencameaglimmerofdaylightthatgrewandgrewandpresentlyendedinanotherarchthatlookedoutoverascenesolikeapictureoutofabookaboutItalythateveryone’sbreathwastakenaway,andtheysimplywalkedforwardsilentandstaring.Ashortavenueofcypressesled,windingasitwent,toamarbleterracethatlaybroadandwhiteinthesunlight.Thechildren,blinking,leanedtheirarmsontheflatbalustrade（欄桿）andgazed.

Immediatelybelowthemwasalakewithswansandanislandwithwillowtrees,andamongthetreesgleamedthewhitefiguresofstatues.Againstahilltotheleftwasaroundwhitebuildingwithpillarsandtotherightawaterfallcametumblingdownamongmossystonestosplashintothelake.Stepswentfromtheterracetothewaterandotherstepstothegreenlawnsbesideit.Awayacrossthegrassyslopesdeerwerefeedingandinthedistancewasanenormoushouseofgreystone,likenothingthechildrenhadeverseenbefore.

“Itisanenchantedcastle,”saidGerald.

“Therearen’tanyenchantedcastles,”saidJimmy,“yououghttoknowthat.”

“Well,anyway,I’mgoingtoexplore，”saidGerald.“Youneedn’tcomeifyoudon’twant

to.”?

Theothersfollowed.Thereneverwassuchagarden—outofapictureorafairytale.Theypassedquiteclosetothedeer,whoonlyraisedtheirheadstolookanddidnotseemstartledatall.Afteralongstretchofgrass,theypassedunderanavenueoflimetreesandcameintoarosegardenborderedwiththickhedges.

“Iknowweshallmeetagardenerinaminuteandhe’llaskwhatwe’redoinghere,andthenwhatshallwesay?”Kathleenasked.

“We’llsaywe’velostourway,anditwillbequitetrue,”saidGerald.

1.Whentheycameoutofthelastarchthechildrenweresilentbecause（

）.

2.Fromtheterracethechildrenwereabletosee（

）.

3.Howwasitpossibletoreachthelakefromtheterrace?

4.Kathleenthoughtthatiftheymetagardener（

）.

5.Thestorysuggeststhatthechildren（

）.

問題1選項

A.theywereoutofbreath

B.theywereamazedatwhattheysaw

C.thelighthurttheireyes

D.theysawanItalianpicture

問題2選項

A.alakewithtreesgrowinginit

B.someswansamongthetreesonanisland

C.alakejustbehindthem

D.somestatuesonanislandinthelake

問題3選項

A.Thereweresomestepsleadingdown.

B.Thereweresomestepsleadingright.

C.Therewasawaterfallgoingdowntothelake.

D.Therewerestepstosomestones.

問題4選項

A.hewouldthinktheyhadlosttheirway

B.hewouldknowwhytheywerethere

C.theywouldaskhimwhytheywerethere

D.hewouldaskthemwhytheywerethere

問題5選項

A.hadbeentoldaboutthecastlebefore

B.hadseenpicturesofthecastleinabook

C.hadnoideawhattheyweregoingtosee

D.knewtheyweregoingtoseesomethingwonderful

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第十段ThencameaglimmerofdaylightthatgrewandgrewandpresentlyendedinanotherarchthatlookedoutoverascenesolikeapictureoutofabookaboutItalythateveryone’sbreathwastakenaway,andtheysimplywalkedforwardsilentandstaring提到當孩子們走到最后一個拱門時，看見了一幅只有在意大利畫冊上才能看到的景象，所以他們面面相覷并且沒有發(fā)出聲響。選項B符合題意。

2.文章第十一段Immediatelybelowthemwasalakewithswansandanislandwithwillowtrees,andamongthetreesgleamedthewhitefiguresofstatues提到站在平臺上可以看到一個有天鵝的湖，湖泊中有島嶼，島嶼上有柳樹，樹叢中有雕塑，選項D符合題意。

3.文章中提到湖與平臺之間有臺階（stepwentfromtheterracetowater），而從平臺上可以看到一個湖泊（immediatelybelowthemwasalake……），選項A符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第二段“Iknowweshallmeetagardenerinaminuteandhe’llaskwhatwe’redoinghere,andthenwhatshallwesay?”Kathleenasked提到Kathleen問道如果遇上一個園丁，而這個園丁問他們來這里干什么時，他們要怎么回答。選項D符合題意。

5.文章最后一段“We’llsaywe’velostourway,anditwillbequitetrue,”saidGerald提到他們是真的迷路了，所以他們也不知道為什么會到這個地方來。選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Itiswellknownlanguagebelongstoeveryone,tothedustman______totheprofessor.

問題1選項

A.asmuchas

B.asfaras

C.thesameas

D.aslongas

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項asmuchas“差不多，盡……那樣多”；B選項asfaras“就……而言，至于”；C選項thesameas“與……一樣”；D選項aslongas“只要；和……一樣長”。句意：眾所周知，語言是屬于每個人的，______清潔工和教授。根據(jù)語境，這里是指語言對于清潔工和教授一樣，C選項thesameas“與……一樣”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

12.單選題

toacclaimAasX:topraiseApubliclyandenthusiasticallyasX.

ananatomist:amedicalscientistwhocutsopendeadbodiestostudythemtocommissionX:toorderX(tobemadeorobtained)acorpse:adeadbodytodisinter:tounburygynecology:themedicalfielddealingwithwomen’sdiseasesahenchman:asupporterorassistantwillingtouseviolenceorcriminalmeansleukemia:bloodcancerlucrativeprofitableamidwife:apersontrainedtohelpwomengivebirth

obese:veryfatobstetrics:themedicalfieldthatdealswithpregnancyandthedeliveryofbabiespajamas:lightclothesforsleepinginapar:alevelapoorhouse:(historical)apublicshelterinwhichjoblesspoorpeoplewerefedinexchangeforworkapractitioner:someoneworksactivelyin(aprofession)proximity:nearnessaserialkiller:someonewhomurderanumberofpeopleinseparateincidentsSherlockHolmes:themostfamousdetectiveinEnglishliteratureaspree:aperiodofwildactivityunsavoury:dishonest,untrustworthyandprobablyinvolvedincrime

1.WilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliecommissionedaregularsupplyofcorpsessotheycouldstudythephysicaleffectsofpregnancy,arguesrespectedhistorianDonShelton.Thesemenaregiantsofmedicine,pioneersofthecarethatwomenreceiveduringchildbirthandwerethefoundingfathersofobstetrics.ThenamesofWilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliestillinspirerespectamongtoday’sdoctors,morethan250yearsaftertheymadetheircontributionstohealthcare,Suchweretheduo’sreputationsasoutstandingphysicianstheclientelesoftheirprivatepracticesincludedtherichandfamousofmid-18th-centruyLondon.

2.Butweretheyalsoserialkillers?NewresearchpublishedintheJOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(JRSM)claimsthattheywere.Adetailedhistoricalstudyaccusesthedoctorsofarrangingforthekillingofdozensofwomen,manyinthelaterstagesofpregnancy,todissecttheircorpses.“SmellieandHunterwereresponsibleforaseriesof18th^-century‘burking’murdersofpregnantwomen,withadeathtotalgreaterthanthecombinedmurderscommittedbyBurkeandHareandJacktheRipper”writesShelton.(“Burking”involvedmurderingpeopletoorder,usuallyformedicalresearch;toavoidtroublewiththelaw,itwasimportanttokillthevictimsinsuchawaythattheyseemedtohavediedofnaturalcauses.Theverb“toburke”isderivedfromthenameofWilliamBurke,anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments.)

3.AccordingtoShelton,HunterandSmelliewerebetweenthemresponsibleforthemurdersof-40pregnantwomenandtheirunbornchildren.Actingseparately,andusinghenchmentodeliver.Theirsupply,theyorganizedakillingspreeinLondonbetween1749and1755and,afteraperiodofinactivityenforcedbymountingsuspicionaboutthesourceofheircorpses,resumedbetween1764and1774.Motivatedbyego,personalrivalryandashareddesiretobenefitfrombeingacclaimedastheforemostchildbirthdoctorsoftheirtime,HunterandSmelliesacrificedlifeafterlifeintheirqueststostudypregnancy’sphysicaleffectsandtodevelopnewtechniques,theauthorsays.“Althoughitsoundsabsolutelyincredible,thecircumstantialliteraryevidencesuggeststheyweremostlikelycompetingwitheachotherinexperimentingwithsecretcaesareansectionsonconscious,orfreshlymurdered,victims,withaviewtoextractingandrevivingthebabies,”SheltontoldtheObserver.”

4.Sheltonexaminedthemen’sanatomicalatlases,containingdetailedimagesof

pregnantwomenwhohadbeenopenedup,andmedicalliteratureandthecausesofdeathinLondonatthetime.Glasgow’sHunterianmuseumandgalleryisnamedafterScottish-bornHunter,whoin1762becamephysiciantoQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIII,HehelpedhertodeliverthefuturekingGeorgeIV,Smellie,afellowScot,isnolessdistinguished,FromWitchcrafttoWisdom,atextbookonthehistoryofobstetricandgynaecologicalmedicine,hailshimas“thegreatestobstetricianinthehistoryofBritishobstetrics”.Hehasalsobeencalled“thefatherofBritishmidwifery”.

5.Shelton,though,regardstheduoasonaparwithBurkeandHare,whomurdered17citizensofEdinburghin1827and1828,sellingtheirremainstoalocalanatomist,TheLondonofHunterandSmellie’stimewasunhealthyandsemi-anarchic,andearlydeathfromdiseasewaswidespread,aswasgraverobbing.InhisJRSMpaper,Sheltonclaimstoprovethattherivaldoctorscouldnothaveobtainedtheirsupplyofcorpsesbyanyothermeansthanmurder.ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren,Thusthegraverobbersofthetimecouldnothavefulfilledtheobstetricians’needforsuchaspecifictypeoffemale,ConcludesShelton.

6.Eachusedanassistanttocommissionkillers,hesays,namingDrColinMackenzieasSmellie’saccompliceandJohnHunter-William’sbrother,whowasacelebratedanatomist—ashishelper.Youngwomenfromthecountrysidewereapparentlyfavouritetargetsinacitywhereplentyofpeople“disappeared”.“Thereisgreatsuspicionabouttheabundanceofundeliveredninth—monthcorpsesprocured,dissectedanddepictedintheanatomicalatlasesofSmellieandHunter,”writesShelton.“Theimpossibilityofsupplyfromrandomresurrections,takenwithacarefulanalysisofevents,andof18dl-centurymedicalliterature,showscompellingevidenceforburking,”By1755rumourswerecirculatingthatthewomeninSmellie’sjournalhadbeenmurdered,andassociatesbeganpressinghimontheirorigins.“AsaresultSmellieandHunterbothhaltedtheirresearch,bothpresumablyfearingtrialandexecution,”althoughHunter—whousedhislinkstopowerfulfamiliestoensurenoinvestigationwaseverundertaken—resumedorderingmurders,aboutonceayear,in1764,Sheltonadds.

7.AnthonyKenny,agynaecologistinLondonfor40yearsuntilhisretirementin2007,said:“Thesetwoguysaremyheroes.Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering.”KennyisnowthecuratorofthemuseumoftheRoyalCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists.“Theywerethefirstproperobstetriciansinthecountrybecauseoftheirpioneeringworkpracticingwhatwasthenstillanewbranchofmedicine.”WhileKennydescribesShelton’spaperas“extremelyimpressive”initsresearch,hecannotbelievethathisheroeswereguiltyofsuchterriblecrimes.Thetradeincorpseswasverylucrativeandprobablyattractedunsavoury,unscrupulouscharacters,hepointedout.”Anditcouldbethattheydidn’tmakeproperinquiriesastotheoriginsofthebodies,andsomaynothaveknownthatthewomenweremurdered.

8.LudmillaJordanova,aprofessorofmodemhistoryatKing’sCollegeLondonwhospecializesinthehistoryofmedicine,saysShelton’sassertionthatHunterandSmelliecouldnothavecomeacrosssomanydeadpregnantwomenfromanyothersourceas“astrikingclaim,importantresearch...isrevealingthecomplexitiesofanatomicalactivitiesin18th—centuryLondon.Thisisanexcitingandcontroversialareaofhistoricalinvestigation.”WhileSheltonacknowledgesthattheideaofpioneeringmedicalresearchersresortingtoburkingisshocking.HelikestoquoteSherlockHolmes,“Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossible,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,isthetruth.”

1.Accordingtotheinformationinparagraph2,WilliamBurke（

）

2.AccordingtoDonShelton,pregnantwomenin18thcenturyLondon（

）,

3.ThestrongestsupportforShelton’sthesiscomesfrom（

）.

4.Inparagraph6,thewordapparentlymeans（

）.

5.WhatSheltonwritesaboutthepioneeringgynecologistsHunterand

Smellie（

）.

問題1選項

A.wasahenchmanofHunterandSmellie

B.gavehisnametothepracticeofkillingpeoplewithoutleavinganysignsofmurder

C.isbelievedtohavekilledpeopleforhisownmedicalresearch

D.mademoneybykillingpeopletoprovidebodiesformedicalresearch

問題2選項

A.Generallywerenotverylikelytodieinthelastmonthofpregnancy

B.Seldomdiedsoonaftergivingbirth

C.wereaverysmallpartoftheoverallurbanpopulation

D.werequitenumerousinitsmanypoorhouses

問題3選項

A.thetestimonyofcontemporaryeyewitnesses

B.statisticsandprobability

C.policerecordsofthetime

D.literaryreportsoftheabundantviolenceandcrimein18thcenturyLondon

問題4選項

A.itisobviousthat

B.thereisnodoubtthat

C.itappearsthat

D.somepeopleassertthat

問題5選項

A.seemsquitepersuasivetoAnthonyKenny

B.appallsandhorrifiesAnthonyKenny

C.clearsthem,inAnthonyKenny’sopinion,ofanyguiltorblame.

D.SeemscompletelygroundlesstoAnthonyKenny

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第二段對WilliamBurke進行了解釋:anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments(愛爾蘭人,1829年在恩丁堡被判殺人罪--出售尸體進行醫(yī)學實驗)。故選D。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第五段指出:ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren(這位歷史學家說，母親在臨產(chǎn)前不久死亡或被謀殺是很罕見的，來自貧民區(qū)的人通常都是老人、不舒服或孩子)。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。文章多出提到Shelton’s的理論來源。第二段提到JOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(皇家醫(yī)學會雜志),后面又提到medicalliterature(醫(yī)學文獻)。故選D:18世紀倫敦大量暴力和犯罪的文學報道。

4.詞義題。此處句意為:在一個很多人都“消失”了的城市里，來自農(nóng)村的年輕婦女顯然是最受歡迎的目標。

5.推理判斷題。第七段:Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering(他們可能參與了謀殺目標的說法絕對令人震驚),后面也表達了他們難以置信的態(tài)度。故選B。

13.單選題

Thechildrenhaveamore（

）view,onlytakinginconsiderationwhatwillwork.

問題1選項

A.pragmatic

B.dreary

C.marital

D.dominant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項pragmatic“實用的，講求實效的”；B選項dreary“令人沮喪的，沉悶的”；C選項marital“婚姻的，夫妻關系的”；D選項dominant“首要的，占支配地位的，占優(yōu)勢的”。由后面的“onlytakinginconsiderationwhatwillwork（只有考慮到什么才能起作用）”可知A選項最符合邏輯搭配。句意：孩子們有一個更實用的觀點，只考慮什么會起作用。

14.單選題

Duringthe1992presidentialcampaignanewmediastaremerged-VirginiaKelley,themotherofcandidateClinton,whodiedofbreastcancerthispastJanuary.ItwasshewhocreatedtheClintonlore;throughoutthecampaignshetoldhow14-year-oldBillhadstooduptohisdrunken,abusivestepfatheronenighttoprotectVirginiaandhislittlebrother.ShealsotoldwithgreateffectivehowyoungClintonhadcomebackhomewithstarsinhiseyesaftermeetingJFKatBoysNationinWashington.Sheknewthen,shesaid,thathewouldgointopublicservice.Shealsocreatedherownlore-fourhusbands,anup-and-downnursingcareer,andherpassionformakeup(sheevenworeittobedincaseshegotacallfromthehospitalinthemiddleofthenight).Shesimplywonthepublicoverwithhercandorandlackofpretense.

Nowtheseoft-toldaretoldagaininLeadingWithMyHeart,byVirginiaKelleywithJamesMorgan...Notsurprisingly,thestoriesfeelfamiliarhere,especiallysincethebookarrivesjustafewmonthsafterabatterofobituariesofMrs.Kelley.Butthebookhasanotherproblem:asisoftenthecasewithco-writtenmemoirs,itfeelsinauthentic.Writteninaprosaic,colorlessstyle,thisdoesn’tsoundthewayweimagineMrs.Kelleytalked.TherearenoSouthernlocutions,andthegrammarisimpeccable.Wherearethespicystoriesortheoccasional“damn”or“hell”？

Coke-bottleglasses:Anyoneapproachingthiscelebritybookwithaneyeforgossipwillalsobedisappointed.Whatfeelsfresh,though,isMrs.Kelley’sdescriptionsofhershockatmeetingHillaryRodhamwhenBillbroughtherhomefromYaleLawSchool.TheyoungwomanworeCoke-bottleGlasses,nomakeupandhadperf