考研考博-英語-吉林司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-吉林司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Agoodrefereehastobe（）__intheoutcomeofafootballgame,orelsehemaytrytomakecallsthatfavoroneteamoveranother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contemporary

B.comely

C.disinterested

D.notorious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)contemporary“當(dāng)代的；同時(shí)代的”；B選項(xiàng)comely“清秀的，標(biāo)致的”；C選項(xiàng)disinterested“無私的；公正的；冷漠的；廉潔的”；D選項(xiàng)notorious“聲名狼藉的，臭名昭著的”。句意：一位好的裁判在足球比賽結(jié)果上必須是公正的，否則他可能試圖去做出有利于一支球隊(duì)的裁定。結(jié)合句意，故C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Careshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneis（）loudcontinuousnoise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attachedto

B.subjectedto

C.filledwith

D.associatedwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組搭配辨析。A選項(xiàng)(be)attachedto“附屬于；系于”；B選項(xiàng)(be)subjectedto“遭受；承受”；C選項(xiàng)(be)filledwith“充滿”；D選項(xiàng)(be)associatedwith“與……有關(guān)”。句意：應(yīng)注意縮短人們……連續(xù)噪音的時(shí)間。從句中的主語是one“人”，賓語是loudcontinuousnoise“響亮不間斷的噪音”。人對噪音是難以忍受的，所以需要縮短人們承受噪音的時(shí)間。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Theactual（

）ofWilson'spositionwasalways（

）byhisrefusaltocompromiseafterhavinginitiallyagreedtonegotiateasettlement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outcome;foreshadowed

B.logic;enhanced

C.rigidity;betrayed

D.uncertainty;alleviated

【答案】C

【解析】第一個(gè)空是考查名稱的辨析，outcome“結(jié)果，效果”；logic“原理,邏輯性”；rigidity“嚴(yán)格，刻板”；uncertainty“不確定性”；根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思可以推斷出第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該填rigidity,表示立場的固執(zhí)僵化；第二個(gè)空是考查動(dòng)詞的辨析，foreshadow“成為前兆，暗示”;enhance“提高，增加（價(jià)值，品質(zhì)，吸引力等）”；betray“泄露，出賣，背叛（原則或信仰）”，根據(jù)句意‘由于威爾遜在最初同意談判以達(dá)成協(xié)議之后又拒絕讓步妥協(xié)，因此，其立場實(shí)際的固執(zhí)僵化總是得以暴露無遺’可知第二個(gè)空應(yīng)該填betrayed，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Knowingthathewaspromoted,Jasoncouldhardlybe（）onthephone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adherent

B.adhesive

C.coherent

D.inherent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)adherent“附著的；黏著的”；B選項(xiàng)adhesive“黏著的；帶黏性的”；C選項(xiàng)coherent“連貫的；清晰的；條理清楚的”；D選項(xiàng)inherent“固有的；內(nèi)在的；與生俱來的，遺傳的”。句意：在得知自己升職后，杰森在電話里幾乎不能條理清楚地講話。根據(jù)句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Fromtheearlydaysofbroadband,advocatesforconsumersandweb-basedcompaniesworriedthatthecableandphonecompaniessellingbroadbandconnectionshadthepowerandincentivetofavoraffiliatedwebsitesovertheirrivals'.That'swhytherehasbeensuchastrongdemandforrulesthatwouldpreventbroadbandprovidersfrompickingwinnersandlosersonline,preservingthefreedomandinnovationthathavebeenthelifebloodoftheInternet.

Yetthatdemandhasbeenalmostimpossibletofill—inpartbecauseofpushbackfrombroadbandproviders,anti-regulatoryconservativesandthecourts.AfederalappealscourtweighedinagainTuesday,butinsteadofprovidingabadlyneededresolution,itonlyprolongedthefight.

AtissuebeforetheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuitwasthelatesttakeoftheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC)onnetneutrality,adoptedonaparty-linevotein2017.TheRepublican-pennedordernotonlyeliminatedthestrictnetneutralityrulestheFCChadadoptedwhenithadaDemocraticmajorityin2015,butrejectedthecommission'sauthoritytorequirebroadbandproviderstodomuchofanything.Theorderalsodeclaredthatstateandlocalgovernmentscouldn'tregulatebroadbandproviderseither.

Thecommissionarguedthatotheragencieswouldprotectagainstanti-competitivebehavior,suchasabroadband-providingconglomeratelikeAT&Tfavoringitsownvideo-streamingserviceattheexpenseofNetflixandAppleTV.YettheFCCalsoendedtheinvestigationsofbroadbandprovidersthatimposeddatacapsontheirrivals'streamingservicesbutnottheirown.

OnTuesday,theappealscourtunanimouslyupheldthe2017orderderegulatingbroadbandproviders,citingaSupremeCourtrulingfrom2005thatupheldasimilarlyderegulatorymove.ButJudgePatriciaMillettrightlyarguedinaconcurringopinionthat“theresultisunhingedfromtherealitiesofmodernbroadbandservice,”andsaidCongressortheSupremeCourtcouldinterveneto“avoidtrappingInternetregulationintechnologicalanachronism.”

Inthemeantime,thecourtthrewouttheFCC'sattempttoblockallstaterulesonnetneutrality,whilepreservingthecommission'spowertopreemptindividualstatelawsthatundermineitsorder.ThatmeansmorebattlesliketheonenowgoingonbetweentheJusticeDepartmentandCalifornia,whichenactedatoughnetneutralitylawinthewakeoftheFCC'sabdication.

Theendlesslegalbattlesandback-and-forthattheFCCcryoutforCongresstoact.Itneedstogivethecommissionexplicitauthorityonceandforalltobarbroadbandprovidersfrommeddlinginthetrafficontheirnetworkandtocreateclearrulesprotectingopennessandinnovationonline.

1.Therehaslongbeenconcernthatbroadbandprovideswould（

）.

2.Facedwiththedemandfornetneutralityrules,theFCC（

）.

3.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAT&TfromParagraph3?

4.JudgePatriciaMillettarguesthattheappealscourt'sdecision

（

）.

5.Whatdoestheauthorargueinthelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bringweb-basedfirmsundercontrol

B.slowdownthetrafficontheirnetwork

C.showpartialityintreatingclients

D.intensifycompetitionwiththeirrivals

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.stickstoanout-of-dateorder

B.takesananti-regulatorystance

C.hasissuedaspecialresolution

D.hasallowedthestatestointervene

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itprotectsagainstunfaircompetition.

B.Itengagesinanti-competitivepractices.

C.ItisundertheFCC'sinvestigation.

D.Itisinpursuitofqualityservice.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.focusesontrivialities

B.conveysanambiguousmessage

C.isatoddswithitsearlierrulings

D.isoutoftouchwithreality

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Congressneedstotakeactiontoensurenetneutrality.

B.TheFCCshouldbeputunderstrictsupervision.

C.Rulesneedtobesettodiversifyonlineservices.

D.Broadbandproviders'rightsshouldbeprotected.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

6.單選題

ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th（

）thebirthofJesusChrist.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaccordancewith

B.intermsof

C.infavorof

D.inhonorof

【答案】D

【解析】句意:圣誕節(jié)是基督教祌圣的日子，通常在12月25日舉行慶祝，以紀(jì)念耶穌基督的誕辰。

短語辨析。inaccordancewith依照,與…一致;intermsof就…而言,根據(jù)；infavorof贊成;inhonorof向…表示敬意,為慶?！?。故D符合句意。

7.單選題

Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded______27%.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.in

C.by

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)expandedto“增加到”；B選項(xiàng)expandin“在……中增加”；C選項(xiàng)expandby“增加了”；D選項(xiàng)expandfor非固定搭配。句意：在1974至1997年間，海外游客人數(shù)______27%。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是海外游客人數(shù)在這些年的對比，C選項(xiàng)expandby“增加了”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

“Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,”sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.“Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,”declaredsociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmonths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,“It’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.”Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.“WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem,”sheexplains.“HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses.”

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith“asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesforyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoing

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparents

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrownup.

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.______.1.作者認(rèn)為，在美國，______曾經(jīng)是一種趨勢。

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependentlyA.年輕人離開父母獨(dú)立生活

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparentsB.讓中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人和父母住在一起

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsenceC.已婚青年在長時(shí)間離家后搬回家住

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparentsD.年輕人為了和父母住在一起而在附近找工作

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的第一句“有一種毫無意義的觀念認(rèn)為孩子們長大后會(huì)在18歲時(shí)離開家（Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18）……”可推斷，美國以前的觀念認(rèn)為孩子們長大后，會(huì)在18歲時(shí)離開家，A項(xiàng)“年輕人離開父母獨(dú)立生活”符合這一分析。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“讓中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人和父母住在一起”和C項(xiàng)“已婚青年在長時(shí)間離家后搬回家住”是現(xiàn)在的趨勢，而不是過去的趨勢，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“年輕人為了和父母住在一起而在附近找工作”沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?2.以下哪項(xiàng)不能解釋年輕人返巢的情況？

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.A.年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)住房成本太高。

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.B.年輕人在心理和智力上都不成熟。

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.C.年輕人尋求父母的安慰和精神支持。

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.D.相當(dāng)多的年輕人在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段，該段講述了年輕人返巢的各種原因：結(jié)婚年齡在上升，這使得家庭及其溫馨對年輕人特別有吸引力。高離婚率和不斷下降的再婚率正把經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)、感情受到傷害的幸存者送回父母的避難所。對一些人來說，離家上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用太大了，以至于許多學(xué)生現(xiàn)在在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)。即使在畢業(yè)后，年輕人也發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的翅膀被飛漲的房價(jià)所束縛。理解可知，年輕人返巢的原因包括結(jié)婚年齡的上升、尋求父母的安慰、在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)以及住房成本高，只有B項(xiàng)“年輕人在心理和智力上都不成熟”在文中沒有提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)住房成本太高”、C項(xiàng)“年輕人尋求父母的安慰和精神支持”和D項(xiàng)“相當(dāng)多的年輕人在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)”根據(jù)解題思路可知，符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesforyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat______.3.對于回到父母家的年輕人來說，其中一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是______。

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylifeA.在日常生活中難免會(huì)有不便

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoingB.大多數(shù)父母發(fā)現(xiàn)維持一個(gè)大家庭很難

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparentsC.年輕人往往受到父母的過度保護(hù)

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparentsD.公眾輿論反對年輕人和父母住在一起

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第三和第四句“共享家庭需要所有人做出調(diào)整。還有關(guān)于浴室、電話和隱私的爭論?！?，從中可知，年輕人和父母住在一起，日常生活中難免會(huì)有不便之處，A項(xiàng)符合題意，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)父母發(fā)現(xiàn)維持一個(gè)大家庭很難”、C項(xiàng)“年輕人往往受到父母的過度保護(hù)”和D項(xiàng)“公眾輿論反對年輕人和父母住在一起”在原文中都沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?4.根據(jù)文章，什么對父母和孩子都最好？

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.A.他們應(yīng)該調(diào)整自己以分擔(dān)家庭開支。

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrownup.B.孩子們長大后應(yīng)該離開父母。

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.C.成年子女應(yīng)該時(shí)不時(shí)地去看望父母。

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.D.當(dāng)成年子女有困難時(shí)，父母應(yīng)該支持他們。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干可以定位至最后一段的內(nèi)容：大多數(shù)心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為長時(shí)間待在家里是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。努力獨(dú)立的孩子們，最終可能會(huì)有“一種不足感、挫敗感和失敗感”。年邁的父母本應(yīng)享受一些經(jīng)濟(jì)和個(gè)人自由，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被責(zé)任困住了。然而，許多人同意，短暫的拜訪可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生有益的效果（Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially）。從中我們可以知道，長時(shí)間待在家里對孩子和父母都有不利因素，短暫的拜訪反倒益處更多，所以C項(xiàng)“成年子女應(yīng)該時(shí)不時(shí)地去看望父母”是對父母和孩子都好的一種辦法。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“他們應(yīng)該調(diào)整自己以分擔(dān)家庭開支”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，孩子們即使幫父母分擔(dān)了家庭開支，父母還是失去了個(gè)人的自由，該項(xiàng)與原文不符，屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“孩子們長大后應(yīng)該離開父母”和D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)成年子女有困難時(shí)，父母應(yīng)該支持他們”沒有提到。

9.單選題

Somecultureshavecustomsthat（）theclothingfashionsofpeopleincertainsocialclasses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modify

B.alter

C.regulate

D.revise

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。modify"修改,更改;修飾";alter"改變,更改";regulate"控制,管理,調(diào)節(jié)";revise"修訂,修改"。modify是指略微的修改,alter范圍較廣,指任何的改變,revise通常指修訂課本,制度的管理和規(guī)定經(jīng)常用regulate。句意：某些文化有一些習(xí)俗,這些習(xí)俗規(guī)定了某些社會(huì)階層中人們的穿衣時(shí)尚。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

10.單選題

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ItisnowthebiggestandbusiestairportinEurope.

B.ItistheworstmanagedairportinGermanhistory.

C.IthasbecomeatypicalsymbolofGermanefficiency.

D.IthasbecomesomethingofajokeamongGermans.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thecitywantedtoattractmoretourists.

B.Thecitywantedtoboostitseconomy.

C.Thecityhadjustbeenreunified.

D.Thecity’sairportareoutdated.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Problemsofdifferentkindskeptpoppingup.

B.Shortageoffundingdelayeditsconstruction.

C.Theconstructionfirmbreachedthecontract.

D.Themunicipalgovernmentkeptchanginghands.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Complaintsbylocalresidentsincrease.

B.Hugemaintenancecostsaccumulate.

C.Allkindsofequipmentgetsrusted.

D.TourismindustryinBerlinsuffers.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’mgoingtotalkaboutGermany’sdreamairportinBerlin.TheairportlooksexactlylikeeveryothermajormodernairportinEurope,exceptforonebigproblem:morethansevenyearsafteritwasoriginallysupposedtoopen,itstillstandsempty.Germanyisknownforitsefficiencyandrefinedengineering,butwhenitcomestoitsnewghostairportthisreputationcouldnotbefurtherfromthetruth.Plaguedbylongdelays,perpetualmismanagementandever-soaringcosts,[22]theairporthasbecomesomethingofajokeamongGermans—andasourceoffrustrationforlocalpoliticians,businessleadersandresidentsalike.

Planningforthenewairportbeganin1989.Atthetime,itbecameclearthat[23]thenewly-reunifiedBerlinwouldneedamodernairportwithfargreatercapacitythanitsexistingairports.Thecitybrokegroundonthenewairportin2006.Thefirstmajorsignofproblemscameinsummer2010,whentheconstructioncorporationpushedtheopeningfromOctober2011toJune2012.In2012,thecityplannedanopeningceremonybutlessthanamonthbeforehand,inspectorsfoundsignificantproblemswiththefiresafetysystemandpushedtheopeningbackagainto2013.

Itwasn’tjustthesmokesystem:[24]manyothermajorproblemssubsequentlyemerged.Morethan90metresofcablewereincorrectlyinstalled;4,000doorswerewronglynumbered;escalatorsweretooshort,andtherewasashortageofcheck-indesks.

Sowhy,withsomanyproblemsdiscovered,didn’ttheairportcorporationdecidetogiveupontheprojectandstartover?Thereasonissimple:peopleareoftenhesitanttoterminateaprojectwhenthey’vealreadyinvestedtimeorresourcesintoit,evenifitmightmakelogicalsensetodoso.

Thelongerthedelayscontinued,themoreproblemsinspectorsfound.Leadershipoftheplanningcorporationhaschangedhandsnearlyasmanytimesastheopeningdatehasbeenpushedback.Initially,ratherthanappointingageneralcontractortoruntheproject,thecorporationdecidedtomanageitthemselvesdespitelackofexperiencewithanundertakingofthatscale.

Tocompoundthedelays,[25]theunusedairportisresultinginmassivecosts.Everymonthitremainsunopenedcostsbetween9and10millioneuros.

Assumingallgoeswell,theairportshouldopeninOctober2020.Butthestill-emptyairportstandsasthebiggestembarrassmenttoGermany’sreputationforefficiency—andacontinuingdrainoncityandstateresources.

22.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthedreamairportinBerlin?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問說話者如何評(píng)價(jià)柏林的夢想機(jī)場？說話者提到該機(jī)場成了德國人的笑話，因此D選項(xiàng)“這在德國人中成了一個(gè)笑話”與錄音原文表述一致。A選項(xiàng)“它現(xiàn)在是歐洲最大最繁忙的機(jī)場”錄音中并沒有信息提及，并且這個(gè)機(jī)場尚未竣工，所以A選項(xiàng)可排除；B選項(xiàng)“它是德國歷史上管理最差的機(jī)場”利用錄音中perpetualmismanagement設(shè)干擾，錄音只是提到機(jī)場長期管理不善，但無法知道是不是德國歷史上最差的，因此排除B選項(xiàng)；C選項(xiàng)“它已經(jīng)成為德國效率的典型象征”，錄音提到德國因?yàn)樾识劽?，但現(xiàn)在這個(gè)機(jī)場錯(cuò)漏百出，竣工日期一拖再拖，因此C選項(xiàng)明顯錯(cuò)誤。

23.WhywasthereaneedforanewairportinBerlin?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問為何柏林需要一個(gè)新機(jī)場？錄音提到，重新統(tǒng)一后的柏林需要一個(gè)比現(xiàn)有機(jī)場容量大得多的現(xiàn)代機(jī)場，說明現(xiàn)有機(jī)場的容量對重新統(tǒng)一后的柏林來說是不夠的，無法匹配新時(shí)期的需求，也就是說“這個(gè)城市的機(jī)場已經(jīng)過時(shí)”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)城市想吸引更多游客”和B選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)城市想要發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)”在錄音中均未提及；C選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)城市剛剛重新統(tǒng)一”是對錄音中newly-reunified的斷章取義，“重新統(tǒng)一”只是當(dāng)時(shí)的時(shí)代背景，表明進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的時(shí)期，但并非計(jì)劃興建新機(jī)場的原因。

24.WhydidBerlinpostponetheopeningofitsdreamairportagainandagain?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問為什么柏林一再推遲其夢想機(jī)場的開放？錄音提到，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題第一次推遲之后，又發(fā)現(xiàn)消防安全系統(tǒng)存在重大問題，接著再推遲，隨后又出現(xiàn)了許多其他的主要問題，拖延的時(shí)間越長，檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題就越多。因此A選項(xiàng)“各種各樣的問題不斷涌現(xiàn)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“資金短缺延誤了工程建設(shè)”和C選項(xiàng)“建筑公司違反了合同”在錄音中沒有信息提及；D選項(xiàng)“市政府不斷更換”利用錄音中的changedhands設(shè)干擾，更換的是規(guī)劃公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層，并不是市政府，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

25.Whathappenswhiletheairportremainsunused?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問機(jī)場閑置時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么？錄音提到，閑置的機(jī)場造成了巨大的成本，因此B選項(xiàng)“巨大的維護(hù)成本會(huì)積累起來”正確。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦谋г乖黾印?，錄音中只是提到居民對于機(jī)場的態(tài)度是frustration“沮喪”，并沒有提到居民的抱怨在增加，因此排除A選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“所有設(shè)備都生銹”和D選項(xiàng)“柏林的旅游業(yè)受到影響”在錄音中均沒有信息提及。

11.單選題

Herdoctorisconcernedaboutthe______ofherbloodpressuresinceherlastvisit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intensity

B.elevation

C.boost

D.span

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度；強(qiáng)烈；亮度；緊張”；B選項(xiàng)elevation“高地；海拔；提高；崇高；正面圖”；C選項(xiàng)boost“推動(dòng)；幫助；宣揚(yáng)”；D選項(xiàng)span“跨度，跨距；范圍”。句意：自從她上次來看病以來，她的醫(yī)生很擔(dān)心她的血壓______。血壓一般用上升、下降或高、低來形容，句子的意思應(yīng)該是醫(yī)生擔(dān)心她的血壓升高，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.案例題

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey'rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants'impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation'sfearsandinsecurities.There'ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren'tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat'sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration'simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers-meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers'savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%between1980-2000.Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscal(財(cái)政的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants'accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected-say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents-theimpactisn'tallthatdramatic."Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,"saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon."Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone."Toobadmostpeopledon'trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit'sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudget.

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebateoverimmigration?

A.Eveneconomistscan'treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】1.D

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可以看出，美國民眾和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們對移民影響的看法不同。選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)給出了自己的看法，不存在困擾一說；選項(xiàng)B美國經(jīng)濟(jì)過去因移民而得以繁榮，在第一段并沒有提及；選項(xiàng)C經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)移民，在第一段中也沒有信息提及。

2.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.”可知，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermost...reducedthewages...by9%.”所以當(dāng)?shù)氐图寄芄と耸芤泼裼绊懽畲蟮脑蚴撬麄兒茈y找到一份收入體面的工作。

4.

根據(jù)第三段“Amonghigh-skilled...wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.”他們最擔(dān)心的是移民帶來的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.

根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.”具有諷刺意味的是，外界所有過度興奮的辯論，對移民的影響卻微乎其微。選項(xiàng)C人們對某些影響很小的事情其實(shí)有些小題大做了，符合原文。

13.單選題

Herpeerswereherworstcritics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.students

B.equals

C.teachers

D.subordinates

【答案】B

【解析】peer意為同等的人，同齡人。equal同輩，相等的事物；subordinate下屬，從屬。選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

14.填空題

TheUnitedStatesisanationofsuburbs.The1990census（人口普查）makesitofficial.Nearlyhalfthecountry’spopulationnowlivesinsuburbs,upfromaquarterin1950andathirdin1960.

ThethirdcenturyofAmericanhistoryisshapingupasthesuburbancentury.Until1920mostAmericanslivedinruralareas.By1960thecountrywasathirdurban,athirdrural,andathirdsuburban.Thatbalancedidn’tlastlong,however.By1990theurbanpopulationhadslippedto31percentandtheruralpopulationwasdowntolessthanaquarter.Wearenowasuburbannationwithanurbanfringeandaruralfringe.

ThefirstcenturyofAmericanlifewasdominatedbytheruralmyth:thesturdyandself-reliantJeffersonianfarmer.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,however,Americansweregettingoffthefarmsasfastastheycould,toescapethehardshipandbrutalityofrurallife.

Mostofthetwentiethcenturyhasbeendominatedbytheurbanmyth:themeltingpot;NewYork,NewYork;thecitiesasthenation’sgreatenginesofprosperityandculture.Allthewhile,however,Americanshavebeengettingoutofthecitiesassoonastheycanaffordtobuyahouseandacar.Theywanttoescapethecrowdinganddangersofurbanlife.Butthereismoretoitthanescape.AsKennethT.JacksonarguesinCrabgrassFrontier,ahistoryofsuburbanizationintheUnitedStates,thepullfactors(cheaphousingandtheidealofasuburban“dreamhouse”)havebeenasimportantasthepushfactorspopulationgrowthandracialprejudice).

The1990Censustellsthestoryoftheexplosivegrowthofsuburbs.Thatyearfourteenstateshadamajoritysuburbanpopulation,includingsixofthetenmostpopulousstates(California,Pennsylvania,Ohio,Michigan,Florida,andNewJersey).

Suburbangrowthisnotlikelytoendanytimesoon.Accordingtothepolls,43percentofBostonresidents,43percentofpeoplewholiveinLosAngeles,and60percentofthosewholiveinNewYorkCitysaytheywouldleavethecityiftheycould.WhentheGallupPollaskedAmericansin1989whatkindofplacetheywouldliketolivein,only19percentsaidacity.

Isthereasuburbanmyth?Surethereis.IthasbeenastapleofAmericanpopularculturesincethe1950s,fromtelevisionshowslikeTheAdventuresofOzzieandHarrietandLeaveIttoBeavertomovieslikeE.T.ThedebunkingofthesuburbanmythhasnowreachedAmericanpopularculture,wheretelevisioncomediesaboutlowermiddle-classfamilieslikeRoseanneandtheSimpsonsportraytheharshrealitiesofsuburbanlife-unemployment,troubledfamilies,and,aboveall,stress.

Write“A”forTrueor“F”forFalseinthebrackets:

_____61.ThegreaterpartoftheAmericanpopulationnowlivesinthesuburbs.

_____62.CheaphousingisoneofthereasonsforAmericanswantingtoliveinthesuburbs.

_____63.IntheU.S.ahouseinthesuburbsisasymbolofprosperityandculture.

_____64.In1989mostAmericansstillsaidtheypreferredlivinginurbanareas.

_____65.ThemainpartofAmericanpopularculturesincethe1950shasbeendominatedbythesuburbmyth.

【答案】F

T

F

F

F

【解析】1.定位到第一段Nearlyhalfthecountry’spopulationnowlivesinsuburbs,upfromaquarterin1950andathirdin1960.