考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東外國(guó)語(yǔ)職業(yè)技術(shù)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東外國(guó)語(yǔ)職業(yè)技術(shù)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Oneoftheattractivefeaturesofthecoursewasthewaythepracticalworkhadbeen____withthetheoreticalaspectsofthesubject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.embedded

B.embraced

C.integrated

D.synthesized

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.embedded把……牢牢地嵌入（或插入、埋入）B.embraced抱；擁抱

C.integrated（使）合并，成為一體D.synthesized（通過(guò)化學(xué)手段或生物過(guò)程）合成

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：這門(mén)課程的一個(gè)吸引人的特點(diǎn)是，實(shí)踐工作與該學(xué)科的理論方面……。根據(jù)句意，這門(mén)課的特點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合。因此選C選項(xiàng)integrated“（使）合并；成為一體”，表示兩者結(jié)合在一起。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】這門(mén)課程的一個(gè)吸引人的特點(diǎn)是，實(shí)踐工作與該學(xué)科的理論方面相結(jié)合。

2.單選題

Viruses,infectiousparticlesconsistingofnucleicacidpackagedinaproteincoat(thecapsid),aredifficulttoresist.Unabletoreproduceoutsidealivingcell,virusesreproduceonlybysubvertingthegeneticmechanismsofahostcell.Inonekindofvirallifecycle,thevirusfirstbindstothecell’ssurface,thenpenetratesthecellandshedsitscapsid.Theexposedviralnucleicacidproducesnewvirusesfromthecontentsofthecell.Finally,thecellreleasestheviralprogeny,andanewcellcycleofinfectionbegins.

Thehumanbodyrespondstoaviralinfectionbyproducingantibodies:complex,highlyspecificproteinsthatselectivelybindtoforeignmoleculessuchasviruses.Anantibodycaneitherinterferewithavirus’sabilitybindtoacell,orcanpreventitfromreleasingitsnucleicacid.

Unfortunately,thecommoncold,producedmostoftenbyrhinoviruses,isintractabletoantiviraldefense.Humanshavedifficultyresistingcoldsbecauserhinovirusesaresodiverse,includingatleast100strains.Thestrainsdiffermostinthemolecularstructureoftheproteinsintheircapsids.Sincedisease-fightingantibodiesbindtothecapsid,anantibodydevelopedtoprotectagainst-onerhinovirusstrainisuselessagainstotherstrains.Differentantibodiesmustbeproducedforeachstrain.

Adefenseagainstrhinovirusesmightnonethelesssucceedbyexploitinghiddensimilaritiesamongtherhinovirusstrains.Forexample,mostrhinovirusstrainsbindtothesamekindofmolecule(delta-receptors)onacell’ssurfacewhentheyattackhumancells.Colonno,takingadvantageofthesecommonreceptors,devisedastrategyforblockingtheattachmentofrhinovirusestotheirappropriatereceptors.Ratherthanfruitlesslysearchingforanantibodythatwouldbindtoallrhinoviruses,Colonnorealizedthatanantibodybindingtothecommonreceptorsofahumancellwouldpreventrhinovirusesfrominitiatinganinfection.Becausehumancellsnormallydonotdevelopantibodiestocomponentsoftheirowncells,Colonnoinjectedhumancellsintomice,whichdidproduceanantibodytothecommonreceptor.Inisolatedhumancells,thisantibodyprovedtobeextraordinarilyeffectiveatthwartingtherhinovirus.Moreover,whentheantibodywasgiventochimpanzees,itinhibitedrhinoviralgrowth,andinhumansitlessenedboththeseverityanddurationofcoldsymptoms.

AnotherpossibledefenseagainstrhinoviruseswasproposedbyRossman,whodescribedrhinoviruses’detailedmolecularStructure.Rossmanshowedthatproteinsequencescommontoallrhinovirusstrainslieatthebaseofadeep“canyon”scoringeachfaceoftheCapsid.Thenarrowopeningofthiscanyorpossiblypreventstherelativelylargeantibodymoleculesfrombindingtothecommonsequence,butsmallermoleculesmightreachit.Amongthesesmaller,nonantibodymolecules,somemightbindtothecommonsequence,lockthenucleicacidinitscoat,andtherebypreventthevirusfromreproducing.

54.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

55.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheproteinsequencesofthecapsidthatvarymostamongstrainsofrhinovirusarethose______.

56.Whichofthefollowingresearchstrategiesfordevelopingadefenseagainstthecommoncoldwouldtheauthorbelikelytofindmostpromising?

57.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepurposeofColonno’sexperimentswastodeterminewhether______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discussviralmechanismsandpossiblewaysofcircumventingcertainkindsofthosemechanisms

B.challengerecentresearchonhowrhinovirusesbindtoreceptorsonthesurfacesofcells

C.suggestfutureresearchonrhinoviralgrowthinchimpanzees

D.defendacontroversialresearchprogramwhosepurposeistodiscoverthemolecularstructureofrhinoviruscapsids

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.atthebaseofthe“canyon”

B.outsideofthe“canyon”

C.responsibleforproducingnucleicacid

D.responsibleforpreventingtheformationofdelta-receptors

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Continuingtolookforageneralantirhinoviralantibody.

B.Searchingforcommoncell-surfacereceptorsinhumansandmice.

C.Continuingtolookforsimilaritiesamongthevariousstrainsofrhinovirus.

D.Discoveringhowthehumanbodyproducesantibodiesinresponsetoarhinoviralinfection.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.chimpanzeesandhumanscanbothbeinfectedbyrhinoviruses

B.chimpanzeescanproduceantibodiestohumancell-surfacereceptors

C.arhinovirus’nucleicacidmightbelockedinitsproteincoat

D.bindingantibodiestocommonreceptorscouldproduceapossibledefenseagainstrhinoviruses

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】54.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題干意思是“文章的主要目的是……”。文章開(kāi)始先闡述的病毒的繁殖和人體的抗體反映，接著引用了鼻病毒來(lái)討論病毒的攻擊機(jī)制以及抵御這種機(jī)制的辦法，故A項(xiàng)“討論病毒機(jī)制和規(guī)避某些機(jī)制的可能方法”符合題意；B項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)最近關(guān)于鼻病毒如何與細(xì)胞表面受體結(jié)合的研究”、C項(xiàng)“建議對(duì)黑猩猩鼻病毒生長(zhǎng)的未來(lái)研究”和D項(xiàng)“為一個(gè)旨在發(fā)現(xiàn)鼻病毒衣殼分子結(jié)構(gòu)的有爭(zhēng)議的研究項(xiàng)目辯護(hù)”都不夠全面。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出，鼻病毒株衣殼蛋白序列差異最大的是……的那些”。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Rossmanshowedthatproteinsequencescommontoallrhinovirusstrainslieatthebaseofadeep“canyon”scoringeachfaceoftheCapsid.（羅斯曼指出，所有鼻病毒株共有的蛋白質(zhì)序列位于衣殼表面的一個(gè)深“峽谷”的底部。）可知，擁有共同的蛋白質(zhì)序列的鼻病毒株都是位于衣殼表面的一個(gè)深“峽谷”的底部里，那么“峽谷”外的那些鼻病毒株則是沒(méi)有共同的蛋白質(zhì)序列，所以“峽谷”外的鼻病毒株的衣殼蛋白序列差異最大，故B項(xiàng)“‘峽谷’外”正確；A項(xiàng)“在‘峽谷’的底部”錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“負(fù)責(zé)生產(chǎn)核酸”和D項(xiàng)“負(fù)責(zé)阻止受體的形成”并不符合題干。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于對(duì)普通感冒的防御，以下哪一種是作者認(rèn)為可能是最有希望的方法？”。由第四段第一句Adefenseagainstrhinovirusesmightnonethelesssucceedbyexploitinghiddensimilaritiesamongtherhinovirusstrains.（盡管如此，通過(guò)利用鼻病毒株之間隱藏的相似性，對(duì)鼻病毒的防御可能會(huì)成功。）可知，C項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)尋找各種鼻病毒株之間的相似性”正確；根據(jù)第三段中的Humanshavedifficultyresistingcoldsbecauserhinovirusesaresodiverse,includingatleast100strains…Sincedisease-fightingantibodiesbindtothecapsid,anantibodydevelopedtoprotectagainst-onerhinovirusstrainisuselessagainstotherstrains.Differentantibodiesmustbeproducedforeachstrain.（人類很難抵抗感冒，因?yàn)楸遣《痉N類繁多，至少有100種……由于抗病抗體與衣殼結(jié)合，一種用于對(duì)抗一種鼻病毒株的抗體對(duì)其他病毒株無(wú)效。每個(gè)毒株必須產(chǎn)生不同的抗體。）可知，鼻病毒種類很多，只尋找一般的抗鼻病毒抗體是難以對(duì)抗感冒的，A項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)尋找一般的抗鼻病毒抗體”錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“尋找人類和小鼠中常見(jiàn)的細(xì)胞表面受體”，只是Colonno設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)防止鼻病毒引發(fā)感染的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程，該項(xiàng)不選；D項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)人體如何產(chǎn)生抗體以應(yīng)對(duì)鼻病毒感染”文中沒(méi)有提及。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

57.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出，Colonno實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是確定是否……”。根據(jù)第四段中的Ratherthanfruitlesslysearchingforanantibodythatwouldbindtoallrhinoviruses,Colonnorealizedthatanantibodybindingtothecommonreceptorsofahumancellwouldpreventrhinovirusesfrominitiatinganinfection.（科洛諾不是徒勞地尋找一種能與所有鼻病毒結(jié)合的抗體，而是意識(shí)到一種與人類細(xì)胞的普通受體結(jié)合的抗體可以防止鼻病毒引發(fā)感染。）可推斷，Colonno實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是確定與人類細(xì)胞的普通受體結(jié)合的抗體是否可以防止鼻病毒引發(fā)感染，D項(xiàng)“與普通受體結(jié)合的抗體可能產(chǎn)生一種對(duì)抗鼻病毒的防御”正確；A項(xiàng)“黑猩猩和人類都可以被鼻病毒感染”只是實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程，并不是目的；B項(xiàng)“黑猩猩能產(chǎn)生對(duì)人類細(xì)胞表面受體的抗體”，根據(jù)第四段對(duì)該實(shí)驗(yàn)的描述Becausehumancellsnormallydonotdevelopantibodiestocomponentsoftheirowncells,Colonnoinjectedhumancellsintomice,whichdidproduceanantibodytothecommonreceptor.（由于人類細(xì)胞通常不會(huì)產(chǎn)生針對(duì)自身細(xì)胞成分的抗體，Colonno將人類細(xì)胞注射到小鼠體內(nèi)，小鼠確實(shí)產(chǎn)生了針對(duì)共同受體的抗體。），可知產(chǎn)生對(duì)人類細(xì)胞表面受體的抗體是小老鼠，而黑猩猩只是被注射了小鼠產(chǎn)生的抗體，該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“鼻病毒的核酸可能被鎖在它的蛋白質(zhì)外殼中”并不是Colonno的實(shí)驗(yàn)。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

TheroleofthepartysysteminAmericanpoliticshasalwaysbeen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aunityinsteadofdividing

B.unifyinginsteadofadivision

C.nottodividebuttounite

D.notdividingbutaunion

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。根據(jù)固定句型not…but…“不是……而是…..”，可排除A和B選項(xiàng)。且前后結(jié)構(gòu)需要保持一致，句意：政黨制度在美國(guó)政治中所起的作用一直是團(tuán)結(jié)而不是分裂。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.翻譯題

雨落無(wú)聲，記憶擱淺。用心觸摸著那絲絲微雨的柔美，透過(guò)時(shí)空的壁壘，蒼老的故地，深沉的腳印，朦朧的身影，和那被歲月侵蝕的滿懷柔情，在腦海里徘徊得太過(guò)雜亂無(wú)章，每當(dāng)想要細(xì)細(xì)品味時(shí)，卻不知從何道來(lái)。于是只能介乎在半夢(mèng)半醒之間，任滄桑褪盡昔日芳華，孑然一身，譜寫(xiě)出風(fēng)花雪月的篇章。人生若只如初見(jiàn)，那冥冥中注定的驚鴻一瞥，定格一瞬間，卻又轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，帶走了無(wú)限的想象和無(wú)盡的回憶。

【答案】Rainfallssilently,andmemoryisstranded.Thesoftnessofthegentlerainistouchedbytheheartthroughthebarriersoftimeandspace,theoldhometown,thedeepfootprints,thehazyfigure,andthetenderfeelingsthathavebeenerodedbytheyears.Wanderinginthemessymind,wheneverIwanttoponderit,IdonotknowwhereIshouldstart.ThenIcanonlylettheyouthfadewithvicissitudesoflifebetweendreamsandawakenings.Withbeingallaloneintheworld,Iwritearomantictheme.Iflifeisonlyasitwasatthefirstsight,thedestinedglancebecomesafrozenmoment,andthenitpassesawayinaflash,takingawaytheinfiniteimaginationandendlessmemories.

5.單選題

Theboyseemedmore（）totheirpoverty,afterseeinghowhisgrandparentslived.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reconciled

B.consolidated

C.deteriorated

D.attributed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。reconciled“妥協(xié)的；將就的”；consolidated“鞏固的；統(tǒng)一的”；deteriorated“惡化的；變壞的”；attributed“歸于”，根據(jù)后半句“在得知他的祖母當(dāng)時(shí)的生活后”，可知男孩在得知祖母當(dāng)時(shí)更貧窮艱辛的生活后，會(huì)對(duì)自己的貧窮妥協(xié)，reconciledto表示“接受；甘心”。句意：在得知他的祖母當(dāng)時(shí)的生活后，這個(gè)男孩似乎……了自己家的貧窮。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

6.單選題

Somedonors,batteredbysomanyappealsforhelp,mayfindthemselvesbattlingcompassion

（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indolence

B.fatigue

C.vacuum

D.leave

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indolence“懶散，懶惰，無(wú)痛”；B選項(xiàng)fatigue“疲勞，疲乏，雜役”；C選項(xiàng)vacuum“真空，空缺，空白，真空吸塵器”；D選項(xiàng)leave“離開(kāi)，許可，同意，休假”。compassionfatigue“同情疲勞”。句意：一些捐助人，在如此多的求助面前不堪一擊，可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在與同情疲勞作斗爭(zhēng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Itmakesme（

）whenpeopledon’tlisten,andthenasksillyquestions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.furious

B.generous

C.mysterious

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)furious“生氣的，狂怒的”；B選項(xiàng)generous“慷慨的”；C選項(xiàng)mysterious“神秘的”；D選項(xiàng)suspicious“可疑的”。

句意：別人不聽(tīng)，然后問(wèn)些愚蠢的問(wèn)題，這讓我很生氣。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

Anexaminationofthestagesofhisrise,themethodsheemployedtostrengthenhimself,andtheinstitutionalreformsheeffectedinordertomaintainhispowerhelpsus（）thefactor’sanddynamicsofpowerwithinabureaucraticallydominatedsociety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thinkof

B.accountfor

C.consider

D.weigh

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)thinkof“想起”；B選項(xiàng)accountfor“解釋，說(shuō)明”；C選項(xiàng)consider“考慮”；D選項(xiàng)weigh“權(quán)衡”。根據(jù)前文通過(guò)利用某種方法，以及后文官僚統(tǒng)治的社會(huì)中權(quán)力的因素和動(dòng)態(tài)，可以推測(cè)方法解釋了這種因素，B選項(xiàng)正確。句意：通過(guò)對(duì)他成名階段的調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)他用來(lái)加強(qiáng)自身實(shí)力的方法和為了維護(hù)其權(quán)利的體制改革幫助我們……了官僚主義占主導(dǎo)的社會(huì)中的權(quán)利因素和權(quán)利力量。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

1.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns______.

2.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.

3.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

4.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.

5.Thecurriculumvitaehasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B.promisestoofferusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersofthepeopleavailableforwork

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytopleveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingthatwoulddistinguishonefromotherapplicants

B.hintedinformationaboutthepersonalityoftheapplicant

C.one’sadvantagesoverothersinapplyingforthejob

D.anoccasionaltrickwiththeaggressiveapproach

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段最后一句“Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.（它的作用是在求職時(shí)提供幫助。）”由此可知這種新型廣告主要是給那些找工作的人提供有用的信息，所以B選項(xiàng)“承諾給那些找工作的人提供有用的信息”說(shuō)法正確。A選項(xiàng)“給求職者提供工作機(jī)會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)“將現(xiàn)有的工作分為不同類型”；D選項(xiàng)“通知雇主可以工作的人”都與文章事實(shí)不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.當(dāng)然，這種專門(mén)服務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)和明顯的成功反映了目前的高失業(yè)率。這也表明了簡(jiǎn)歷（或工作經(jīng)歷）越來(lái)越重要，因?yàn)樗旧砭涂梢苑Q得上是一種藝術(shù)形式”。由此可知對(duì)這種特殊類型的服務(wù)需求增多是因?yàn)槭I(yè)人數(shù)的原因，所以C選項(xiàng)“有很多人失業(yè)”說(shuō)法正確。A選項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)工作者缺少工作機(jī)會(huì)”；B選項(xiàng)“頂級(jí)工作數(shù)量增多”與文章事實(shí)不符；D選項(xiàng)“工作經(jīng)歷被認(rèn)為是一件藝術(shù)品”文章雖然有提到，但不是這種特殊類型的服務(wù)需求增多的原因。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.‘Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams’,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.”（曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，求職者只寫(xiě)求職信?！罢?qǐng)寫(xiě)下您的姓名、地址、年齡和是否通過(guò)了考試”，這是我離開(kāi)學(xué)校時(shí)給申請(qǐng)第一份工作的年輕人提供的平均建議。他們解釋說(shuō)，這封信實(shí)際上只是開(kāi)個(gè)玩笑，其他一切都可以而且應(yīng)該留到面試時(shí)再寫(xiě)）。由此可知在過(guò)去求職者會(huì)在求職信上面寫(xiě)下詳細(xì)信息直到他們獲得面試，所以D選項(xiàng)“保留任何詳細(xì)的信息直到他們獲得面試”說(shuō)法正確。A選項(xiàng)“寫(xiě)一封說(shuō)明他們生活歷史的信件”文章沒(méi)有提到；B選項(xiàng)“在申請(qǐng)工作之前通過(guò)一些考試”文章只提到在求職信上寫(xiě)上自己是否通過(guò)了考試，并沒(méi)有提到求職者必須通過(guò)考試，故不選；C選項(xiàng)“除了能讀和寫(xiě)之外沒(méi)有別的資格”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，文章提到Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.在那些充分就業(yè)的日子里，這種方法是有效的。這封信證明你能寫(xiě)，也能去工作。你急切的表情和機(jī)智的回答將會(huì)完成面試的剩下部分。由此只會(huì)讀和寫(xiě)并不能幫助你獲得工作，面試中的表現(xiàn)也很重要。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.（之后，當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)更重要的工作時(shí)，就需要一些其他更稍微復(fù)雜些的能力。當(dāng)時(shí)的建議是在信中寫(xiě)些能使你和其他人區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)的東西。這可能是一種咄咄逼人的方式。）”由此可知A選項(xiàng)“能讓你從其他申請(qǐng)者中脫穎而出的東西”說(shuō)法正確。B選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于申請(qǐng)人性格的暗示信息”文章沒(méi)有提到；C選項(xiàng)“在申請(qǐng)這項(xiàng)工作方面比別人有優(yōu)勢(shì)”為本題干擾項(xiàng)，文中只提到建議在簡(jiǎn)歷中寫(xiě)一些和別人不一樣的地方，可以是很多方面，而不僅僅局限于工作方面，所以本題不選C選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)“用侵略性方法偶爾?；ㄕ小保恼轮惶岬皆谛胖袑?xiě)些能使你和其他人區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)的東西這一舉措可能是一種咄咄逼人的方式，并不是建議求職者在求職過(guò)程中用侵略性方法偶爾耍花招。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.（但是，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，在申請(qǐng)工作的過(guò)程中具有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人數(shù)增加，使得簡(jiǎn)歷更加重要。）”由此可知簡(jiǎn)歷變得越來(lái)越重要的原因是因?yàn)楦邔W(xué)歷申請(qǐng)人數(shù)量的增加，所以B選項(xiàng)“有學(xué)位的申請(qǐng)人數(shù)量有所增加”說(shuō)法正確。A選項(xiàng)“招聘廣告的數(shù)量有所增加”；C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在的工作變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜”；D選項(xiàng)“其他的申請(qǐng)工作的過(guò)程更加復(fù)雜”都與文章事實(shí)不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.填空題

Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashion,theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Menareveryclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofclothesreflectbasicqualitiesof

A

B

C

D

stabilityandreliability?

【答案】Cveryclever改為tooclever

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定句型。

【解題思路】too...to是固定句型，意思為“太……而不能”，指的是男性非常聰明，不會(huì)讓自己被服裝設(shè)計(jì)師欺騙，因此C部分應(yīng)為tooclever。

【句意】如果對(duì)比男性和女性對(duì)于時(shí)尚的看法，得出的結(jié)論顯而易見(jiàn)。男性很聰明，不會(huì)讓自己被時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師欺騙。他們不變的服裝款式是否反映了穩(wěn)定可靠的基本品質(zhì)呢？

11.單選題

Thegovernment’s（）istomakeupchieflyofthemoneywepayintaxes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tariff

B.duty

C.revenue

D.tax

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。tariff“關(guān)稅”；duty“稅收”；revenue“稅收收入”；tax“稅金”。句意：政府的財(cái)政收入主要來(lái)源于我們的稅收。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Thewell-maintainedfacilityinSanFrancisco()leaguesinvirtuallyeverysport.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.werehometo

B.wasthehomeof

C.washometo

D.washomeof

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。本句主語(yǔ)facility“設(shè)施”是單數(shù)，因此排除A選項(xiàng)。句意：舊金山的設(shè)施很好，是幾乎所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)聯(lián)盟之家。表示“……之家”使用“thehomeof”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhistculturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,howeverwasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.

KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNationalProduct(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).

GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.

NowthereissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Twenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.

Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.

BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.

1.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?

2.ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhutan?

3.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPby（

）.

4.AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifthey（

）.

5.Today,manycountriesare（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Apresident.

B.ABuddhistpriest.

C.Ageneral

D.Aking

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tomakeitspopulationgrow.

B.Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.

C.Toencourageitspeopletogetrich.

D.Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sellingmoreproducts

B.spendingmoremoney

C.spendinglessmoney

D.providingmorejobs

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havenewtechnology

B.canchangetheirreligion

C.haveagood,stablegovernment

D.havemoremoney

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress

B.workingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH

C.talkingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress

D.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘吉格梅?辛格?旺楚克是誰(shuí)?’。根據(jù)文章第一段中最后一句“anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutan—位名叫JigmeSingyeWangchuck國(guó)王的新的統(tǒng)治者決定幫助不丹王國(guó)”，所以D選項(xiàng)‘國(guó)王’正確

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，旺楚克還想為不丹做些什么?’。根據(jù)文章第一段中最后一句“anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.一位名叫吉格梅?辛格?旺楚克的新統(tǒng)治者決定幫助不丹成為現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家，但同時(shí)又不喪失其傳統(tǒng)。”確定D選項(xiàng)‘保持其傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘一個(gè)國(guó)家通過(guò)國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值來(lái)顯示它的進(jìn)步通過(guò)……’。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.當(dāng)產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)量增加時(shí)，人們說(shuō)這個(gè)國(guó)家正在取得進(jìn)步?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘銷(xiāo)售更多的產(chǎn)品’正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘根據(jù)GNH，如果人們……，他們會(huì)更快樂(lè)’。在文章第三段，列舉了衡量GNH的多個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。只有C選項(xiàng)‘擁有一個(gè)良好、穩(wěn)定的政府’符合該段中的最后一句“peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.當(dāng)人們擁有一個(gè)良好、穩(wěn)定的政府時(shí)，他們會(huì)更快樂(lè)?！彼訡選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘如今，許多國(guó)家都…’。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的第二句和第三句“ManycountriesarcnowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.許多國(guó)家現(xiàn)在對(duì)不丹的GNH感興趣。這些國(guó)家正在研究自己衡量幸福的方法?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)‘試圖找到自己衡量幸福的方法’正確。

14.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywereproudoftheircuisine.

B.Theywereparticularaboutfood.

C.Theywereallgoodatcooking.

D.Theywerefondofbaconandeggs.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hisparents.

B.Hisparents’friends.

C.Hisfriends.

D.Hisschoolmates.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneofthegroupateit.

B.Itwasalittleovercooked.

C.Noteawasservedwiththemeal.

D.ItwastherealEnglishbreakfast.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasfullofexcitement.

B.Itwasratherdisappointing.

C.Itwasariskyexperience.

D.Itwasreallyextraordinary.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Guesswhat?TheworstfoodIeverhadwasinFrance.

W:Really?That’sodd.[1]IthoughttheFrenchwereallgoodcooks.

M:Yes,that’sright.Isupposeit’sreallylikeanywhereelsethough.Youknow,someplacesaregood,somebad.Butit’sreallyallourownfault.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Well,itwasthefirsttimeI’dbeentoFrance.ThiswasyearsagowhenIwasatschool.[2]Iwenttherewithmyparents’friendsfrommyfather’sschool.TheyhiredacoachtotakethemtoSwitzerland.

W:Aschooltrip?

M:Right.Mostofthemhadneverbeenabroadbefore.We’dcrossedtheEnglishChannelatnightandwesetoffthroughFranceandbreakfasttimearrived,andthecoachdriverhadarrangedforustostopatthislittlecafe.Thereweallweretiredandhungryandthenwemadeagreatdiscovery.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:Baconandeggs.

W:Fantastic!TherealEnglishbreakfast.

M:Yes,anywaywedidn’tknowanybetter—sowehadit,andugh…!

W:Whatwasitlike?Disgusting?

M:Ah,itwasincredible.Theyjustgotabowlandputsomefatinit.Andthentheyputsomebaconinthefat,brokeaneggoverthetopandputthewholelotintheovenforabouttenminutes.

W:Intheoven?You’rejoking.Youcan’tcookbaconandeggsintheoven!

M:Well,theymusthavedoneitthatway.Itwashot,butitwasn’tcooked.Therewasjustthiseggfloatingaboutingallonsoffatandrawbacon.

W:[3]Didyouactuallyeatit?

M:[3]No,nobodydid.Theyallwantedtoturnroundandgohome.Youknow,backtoteabagsandfishandchips.Youcan’tblamethemreally.Anyway,thenextnightwewereallgivenanotherforeignspeciality.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:[4]Snails——thatreallyfinishedthemoff.Lovelyholidaythatwas!

1.WhatdidthewomanthinkoftheFrench?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士認(rèn)為法國(guó)人怎么樣？錄音開(kāi)頭，男士對(duì)女士說(shuō)他吃過(guò)最糟糕的食物是在法國(guó)，女士聽(tīng)后表示驚訝，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為法國(guó)人都是很好的廚師。C選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)人都很擅長(zhǎng)烹飪食物”是對(duì)錄音原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)自家的烹飪感到自豪”；B選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)食物很講究”和D選項(xiàng)“他們喜歡培根和雞蛋”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此可排除。

2.WhodidthemantravelwithonhisfirsttriptoSwitzerland?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士第一次去瑞士的時(shí)候是和誰(shuí)一起去的？錄音中提及男士第一次去法國(guó)是跟隨他父母的朋友一起去的。因此B選項(xiàng)“他父母的朋友”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他的父母”和C選項(xiàng)“他的明友”均是利用錄音中個(gè)別字詞斷章取義；D選項(xiàng)“他的同學(xué)”是利用錄音中的whenIwasatschool設(shè)置的干擾項(xiàng)，也可排除。

3.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebreakfastatthelittleFrenchcafe?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于法國(guó)小咖啡館的早餐，男士說(shuō)了些什么？男士描述了那家法國(guó)小咖啡館如何烹飪培根和雞蛋后，女士問(wèn)男士到底有沒(méi)有吃上這道菜，男士馬上說(shuō)沒(méi)有人愿意吃。因此A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有人吃它”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它煮得有點(diǎn)久”在錄音中并沒(méi)有提及；C選項(xiàng)“用餐時(shí)沒(méi)有配上茶水”只是利用錄音中的teabags作干擾，錄音中并沒(méi)有提及是否配有茶水，因此可排除；D選項(xiàng)“它是真正的英式早餐”，在錄音中確實(shí)有出現(xiàn)，但這是女士的觀點(diǎn)并不是男士提出來(lái)的，不符合題意，因此也可排除。

4.WhatdidthemanthinkofhisholidayinFrance?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士認(rèn)為他在法國(guó)的假期怎么樣？在錄音的最后，男士感嘆道：“真是個(gè)美好的假期啊！”但是根據(jù)前面錄音男士對(duì)那次法國(guó)之旅的一系列描述來(lái)看，那個(gè)假期給他留下的印象并不是很好。由此可知，他最后說(shuō)的那句實(shí)際上是反話。因此，B選項(xiàng)“它相當(dāng)令人失望”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它實(shí)在令人興奮”；C選項(xiàng)“它是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷”和D選項(xiàng)“它真的很特別”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

15.翻譯題

1.從科學(xué)和藝術(shù)的區(qū)別看,管理應(yīng)該更像藝術(shù)。管理心理學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn),一個(gè)人的管理能力同他年輕時(shí)負(fù)面的生活經(jīng)歷有正相關(guān)。正是根據(jù)上述對(duì)管理的認(rèn)識(shí),可以得出這樣的結(jié)論,MBA的文憑不是管理者的執(zhí)業(yè)證書(shū),拿到MBA證書(shū)的人必須與學(xué)工程、法律、電腦的人,以及第一線的工段長(zhǎng)們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)管理者的職位。

2.按時(shí)喝一杯香味濃郁的熱咖啡會(huì)幫助女性變得更勇敢,聰明,做出更自信的決定,重要的是會(huì)勝過(guò)男同事,來(lái)自英國(guó)的心理生理學(xué)家證實(shí),咖啡對(duì)女性和男性在壓力狀況下的作用是完全不同的。喝了咖啡的男人出汗,爭(zhēng)吵,把工作一個(gè)接一個(gè)搞砸。但是喝了咖啡的女人卻神采奕奕地從這些困境中解脫出來(lái)。

3.此時(shí)工作人員必須做好三件事情。首先,確認(rèn)反應(yīng)堆里的燃料依然處于冷卻狀態(tài),以防止燃料進(jìn)一步受損。保持燃料冷卻需要隨時(shí)將其置于水中。第二是反應(yīng)堆系統(tǒng)壓力要在警戒線以下。第三,由于反應(yīng)器內(nèi)部的蒸汽會(huì)和燃料包殼發(fā)生反應(yīng),產(chǎn)生氫氣,所以要確保疏通氫氣,以免氫氣聚集引發(fā)再發(fā)爆炸。

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【答案】1.Intermsofthedifferencesbetweenscienceandart,managementshouldbemorelikeanart.Themanagementpsychologistsdiscoverthataperson’smanagementcapacityhasapositiverelationshipwithhisnegativelifeexperienceofyouthtime.Accordingtotheacknowledgmentofmanagementabove,wecandrawaconclusionthatadiplomaofMBAis