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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)燕山學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,()themselves.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。expand“擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)展”;stretch“延伸”;prolong“延長,拖延”;extend“延伸,擴(kuò)大”。stretchoneself為固定用法,意為“伸懶腰;伸展身體”。句意:完成了上午的工作后,職員們站到自己辦公桌的后面伸展身體。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

2.單選題

A(n)()entrepreneurwillseeksuccessfartherafieldandwillriskmoreintheresearchthanhismoretimidcompetitors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adventurous

B.progressive

C.aggressive

D.impulsive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。adventurous“愛冒險(xiǎn)的;大膽的”;progressive“進(jìn)步的;先進(jìn)的”;aggressive“有進(jìn)取心的;好斗的”;impulsive“沖動(dòng)的;任性的”。句意:那些膽大的企業(yè)家將在更遠(yuǎn)的地方尋求成功,并將比那些膽小的競爭對手在研究上冒更大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

SomescientistshavesuggestedthatEarthisakindof,zooorwildlife()forintelligentspacebeings,likethewildernessareaswehavesetuponearthtoallowanimalstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conservation

B.maintenance

C.storage

D.reserve

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。conservation“保存;保護(hù)”;maintenance“維護(hù);維修”;storage“存儲(chǔ);倉庫”;reserve“存儲(chǔ);自然保護(hù)區(qū)”,根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處的名詞與wildlife一起同zoo構(gòu)成并列成分,根據(jù)后句中的allowanimalstodevelopnaturally“允許動(dòng)物自然生長”,可知此處應(yīng)該選擇名詞reserve,wildlifereserve是“野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)”的意思。句意:一些科學(xué)家表示地球就像宇宙智能生物的動(dòng)物園或者野生動(dòng)物……,正如我們在地球上設(shè)立荒野地帶,允許在我們的觀察下讓動(dòng)物自然生長。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

4.單選題

Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.frombeingbeaten

B.beingbeaten

C.beating

D.tobebeaten

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞搭配辨析。句意:在國際比賽中,聲望是如此重要,唯一重要的就是避免被擊敗。avoid后面接動(dòng)名詞,avoiddoing,避免做某事,排除A,D;被擊敗應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語態(tài),beating是動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式,排除C。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Therefusalofsomecountriestoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofterroristactshasfocusedattentionontheproblemscausedbythepoliticaloffenseexceptiontoextradition.Extraditionistheprocessbywhichonecountryreturnsanaccusedorconvictedpersonfoundwithinitsborderstoanothercountryfortrialorpunishment.Underthepoliticaloffenseexception,therequestedstatemay,ifitconsidersthecrimetobea“politicaloffense,”denyextraditiontotherequestingstate.

Protectionofpoliticaloffensesisarecentadditiontotheancientpracticeofextradition.ItistheresultoftwofundamentalchangesthatoccurredasEuropeanmonarchieswerereplacedbyrepresentativegovernments.First,thesegovernmentsbegantorejectwhathadbeenaprimaryintentofextradition,toexpeditethereturnofpoliticaloffenders,andinsteadsoughttoprotectdissidentsfleetingdespoticregimes,second,countriesbegantocontendthattheyhadnolegalormoraldutytoextraditeoffenderswithoutspecificagreementscreatingsuchobligations.Asextraditionlawssubsequentlydevelopedthroughinternationaltreaties,thepoliticaloffenseexceptiongraduallybecameanacceptedprincipleamongWesternnations.

Thereisnointernationalconsensus,however,astowhatconstitutesapoliticaloffense.Foranalyticalpurposesillegalpoliticalconducthastraditionallybeendividedintotwocategories.“Pure”politicaloffensesareactsperpetrateddirectlyagainstthegovernment,suchastreasonandespionage.Thesecrimesaregenerallyrecognizedasnonextraditable,evenifnotexpresslyexcludedfromextraditionbytheapplicabletreaty.Incontrast,commoncrimes,suchasmurder,assault,androbbery,aregenerallyextraditable.However,therearesomecommoncrimesthataresoinseparablefromapoliticalactthattheentireoffenseisregardedaspolitical.Thesecrimes,whicharecalled“relative”politicaloffenses,aregenerallynonextraditable.

Despitethewidespreadacceptanceoftheseanalyticconstructs,thedistinctionsaremoreacademicthanmeaningful.Whenitcomestorealcase,thereisnoagreementaboutwhattransformsacommoncrimeintoapoliticaloffenseandaboutwhetherterroristactsfallwithintheprotectionoftheexception.Mostterroristsclaimthattheiractsdofallunderthisprotection.

Nationsoftheworldmustnowbalancethecompetingneedsofpoliticalfreedomandinternationalpublicorder.Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.Theonlyrationalandattainableobjectiveoftheexceptionistoprotecttherequestedpersonagainstunfairtreatmentbytherequestingcountry.Theinternationalcommunityneedstofindanalternativetothepoliticaloffenseexceptionthatwouldprotecttherightsofrequestedpersonsandyetnotofferterroristsimmunityfromcriminalliability.

61.Inthepassage,theauthorprimarilyseeksto______.

62.Accordingtothepassage,whendidcountriesbegintoexceptpoliticaloffendersfromextradition?

63.Accordingtotheauthor,theprimarypurposeofthepoliticaloffenseexceptionshouldbeto______.

64.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldagreewithwhichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutthepoliticalexception?

65.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethatthepoliticaloffenseexception______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defineasetofterms

B.outlineanewapproach

C.describeacurrentproblem

D.exposeanillegalpractice

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Whentheprincipleofextraditingaccusedorconvictedpersonsoriginated.

B.Whensomenationsbeganrefusingtoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofterroristacts.

C.WhenrepresentativegovernmentbegantoreplaceEuropeanmonarchies.

D.Whencountriesbegantorefusetoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofcommoncrimes.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ensurethatterroristsaretriedfortheiracts

B.ensurethatindividualsaccusedofpoliticalcrimesarenottreatedunfairly

C.distinguishbetweenpoliticalandnonpoliticaloffenses

D.limitextraditiontothoseaccusedof“pure”politicaloffenses

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theexceptionisveryunproven.

B.Theexceptionisprobablyillegal.

C.Theexceptionisusedtoolittle.

D.Theexceptionneedsrethinking.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hasinsomecases,beenstretchedbeyonditsintendeduse

B.hasbeenusedtooinfrequentlytobeevaluated

C.hasbeenamodestlyusefulweaponagainstterrorism

D.hasnevermettheobjectiveforwhichitwasoriginallyestablished

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“在文章中,作者主要尋求……”。文章第一段最后一句提到了Underthepoliticaloffenseexception,therequestedstatemay,ifitconsidersthecrimetobea“politicaloffense,”denyextraditiontotherequestingstate.(根據(jù)政治罪例外,如果被請求國認(rèn)為罪行為“政治罪”,可以拒絕向請求國引渡),可知文章首先講述了某些國家拒絕引渡大部分原因是政治庇護(hù),然后作者在第二段解釋了什么是引渡和什么是因?yàn)檎卧蚓芙^引渡,這是對當(dāng)今社會(huì)中出現(xiàn)問題的總體描述而展開整篇文章的論述,故C項(xiàng)“描述當(dāng)前的問題”正確。A項(xiàng)“定義一組術(shù)語”完全不是作者想要描述的內(nèi)容;B項(xiàng)“概述一種新方法”文章沒有提到什么新方法,B項(xiàng)不選;D項(xiàng)“揭露違法行為”,文章主要是第三段有描述,其他段落都沒有提及,所以D項(xiàng)也不選。因此該題選C。

62.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)短文,各國從什么時(shí)候開始把政治犯引渡除外了?”。根據(jù)文章第二段前兩句Protectionofpoliticaloffensesisarecentadditiontotheancientpracticeofextradition.ItistheresultoftwofundamentalchangesthatoccurredasEuropeanmonarchieswerereplacedbyrepresentativegovernments.(對政治犯罪的保護(hù)是對引渡的古老做法的新近補(bǔ)充。這是代議制政府取代歐洲君主制之后發(fā)生的兩大根本性變化的結(jié)果。)由此可知,代議制政府取代歐洲君主制之后政治犯引渡就受到了保護(hù),即政治犯引渡例外,所以C項(xiàng)“代議制政府開始取代歐洲的君主政體”正確。A項(xiàng)“當(dāng)引渡被指控者或被定罪者的原則起源的時(shí)候”,文中沒有相關(guān)信息提及此內(nèi)容,A項(xiàng)不選;B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)一些國家開始拒絕引渡被指控或判定犯有恐怖主義行為的人的時(shí)候”,第一段首句提到Therefusalofsomecountriestoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofterroristactshasfocusedattentionontheproblemscausedbythepoliticaloffenseexceptiontoextradition.(一些國家拒絕引渡被指控或被判定犯有恐怖主義行為的人,引起了人們對政治犯罪例外引渡所引起的問題的關(guān)注。),由此可知一些國家開始拒絕引渡被指控或判定犯有恐怖主義行為的人這一行為引起了人們對這一問題的關(guān)注,而不是引起各國開始把政治犯引渡除外的原因,因此B項(xiàng)不正確;D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)各國開始拒絕引渡被指控或被判犯有普通罪行的人的時(shí)候”,文章首句提到了是“一些”而不是所有國家,與原文不符,D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此該題選C。

63.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者認(rèn)為,政治犯罪例外的主要目的應(yīng)該是為了什么?”。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三句Theonlyrationalandattainableobjectiveoftheexceptionistoprotecttherequestedpersonagainstunfairtreatmentbytherequestingcountry.(政治犯罪例外的唯一合理和可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)是保護(hù)被請求人不受請求國的不公平待遇)可知,作者認(rèn)為政治犯罪例外的主要目的是保護(hù)政治犯不受請求國的不公平待遇,因此B項(xiàng)“確保被控犯有政治罪行的個(gè)人不受不公平對待”正確。A項(xiàng)“確保恐怖分子的行為受到審判”,根據(jù)文章最后一句Theinternationalcommunityneedstofindanalternativetothepoliticaloffenseexceptionthatwouldprotecttherightsofrequestedpersonsandyetnotofferterroristsimmunityfromcriminalliability.(國際社會(huì)需要找到政治犯罪例外之外的替代辦法,既保護(hù)被請求人的權(quán)利,又不給予恐怖分子刑事責(zé)任豁免。)可知確??植婪肿拥男袨槭艿綄徟惺亲髡咴谔岢鰢H社會(huì)需要找到政治犯罪例外之外的替代辦法時(shí)所論述的內(nèi)容,所以,該項(xiàng)不是政治犯罪例外的主要目的,A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“區(qū)分政治犯罪和非政治犯罪”,根據(jù)最后一段前兩句Nationsoftheworldmustnowbalancethecompetingneedsofpoliticalfreedomandinternationalpublicorder.Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.(世界各國現(xiàn)在必須在政治自由和國際公共秩序的相互競爭的需要之間取得平衡。是時(shí)候重新審視政治犯罪和非政治犯罪了。)可知,區(qū)分政治犯罪和非政治犯罪是為了讓各國在政治自由和國際公共秩序的相互競爭的需要之間取得平衡,所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“將引渡限制在那些被指控為‘純粹’政治罪行的人”,根據(jù)第三段最后兩句However,therearesomecommoncrimesthataresoinseparablefromapoliticalactthattheentireoffenseisregardedaspolitical.Thesecrimes,whicharecalled“relative”politicaloffenses,aregenerallynonextraditable.(然而,也有一些普通犯罪與政治行為是如此密不可分,以至于整個(gè)犯罪都被視為政治犯罪。這些犯罪被稱為“相對”政治犯罪,通常是不可引渡的。)可知,引渡不止是限制在“純粹”政治犯,也限制這些“相對”政治犯。因此該題選B。

64.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出,作者將會(huì)同意下列哪一種關(guān)于政治例外的陳述?”。根據(jù)文章最后一段中第二句Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.(是時(shí)候重新審視政治犯罪和非政治犯罪了)和最后一句Theinternationalcommunityneedstofindanalternativetothepoliticaloffenseexceptionthatwouldprotecttherightsofrequestedpersonsandyetnotofferterroristsimmunityfromcriminalliability.(國際社會(huì)需要找到政治犯罪例外之外的替代辦法,既保護(hù)被請求人的權(quán)利,又不給予恐怖分子刑事責(zé)任豁免)可知,作者認(rèn)為政治犯罪例外需要重新審視,其中reexamine與rethink為近義詞,所以D項(xiàng)“這個(gè)例外需要重新思考”正確。A項(xiàng)“這個(gè)例外是未經(jīng)證實(shí)的”,根據(jù)第二段最后一句Asextraditionlawssubsequentlydevelopedthroughinternationaltreaties,thepoliticaloffenseexceptiongraduallybecameanacceptedprincipleamongWesternnations.(隨著引渡法通過國際條約的發(fā)展,政治犯罪例外逐漸成為西方國家普遍接受的原則。)可知,A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;B項(xiàng)“這種例外可能是非法的”和C項(xiàng)“例外使用得太少”都沒有提到。因此該題選D。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者很可能同意政治犯罪例外……”。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句Whenitcomestorealcase,thereisnoagreementaboutwhattransformsacommoncrimeintoapoliticaloffenseandaboutwhetherterroristactsfallwithintheprotectionoftheexception.Mostterroristsclaimthattheiractsdofallunderthisprotection.(在實(shí)際案件中,對于如何將普通犯罪轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎畏缸铮约翱植乐髁x行為是否屬于例外的保護(hù)范圍,沒有達(dá)成一致意見。大多數(shù)恐怖分子聲稱他們的行為確實(shí)受到這種保護(hù)。)和最后一段第二句Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.(是時(shí)候重新審視政治犯罪和非政治犯罪了。)可推斷,政治犯罪例外在某些情況下保護(hù)了恐怖分子,所以這是超出了預(yù)期的用途,故A項(xiàng)“在某些情況下,已經(jīng)超出了預(yù)期用途”正確。B項(xiàng)“使用得太不頻繁而無法進(jìn)行評估”,根據(jù)第二段最后一句thepoliticaloffenseexceptiongraduallybecameanacceptedprincipleamongWesternnations.(政治犯罪例外逐漸成為西方國家普遍接受的原則。)可知,西方國家普遍使用政治犯罪例外,所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“是對付恐怖主義的適度有效的武器”,文章已經(jīng)提到對部分恐怖分子起了保護(hù)作用,所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“從未達(dá)到它最初設(shè)立的目標(biāo)”沒有提到。因此該題選A。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Ofallthepeopleonmyholidayshoppinglist,therewasonelittleboyforwhombuyingagifthadbecomeincreasinglydifficult.He'sawonderfulchild,adorableandloving,andhe'snotfussyorirritableorspoiled.Thoughhelivesacrossthecountryfromme,Ireceiveregularupdatesandphotos,andhelikesallthethingsthattheboyshisagewanttoplaywith.Shoppingforhimshouldbeeasy,butIfindithardtosummonupanyenthusiasm,becauseinalltheyearsI'vegivenhimpresents,heneveroncesentmeathank-younote.

“Sendingthank-younotesisbecomingalostart,”mournsMaryMitchell,asyndicatedcolumnistknownas“Ms.Demeanor”andauthorofsixetiquettebooks.Inherview,eachgeneration,comparedwiththeonebefore,islosingasenseofconsiderationforotherpeople.“Withoutrespect,”shesays,“youhaveconflict.”

Ms.Demeanorwouldbeproudofme:Ihavefiguredoutawaytoensurethatmychildrenalwayssendthank-younotes.Andsuchagestureisimportant,saysMs.Demeanor,because“agratefulattitudeisatremendouslifeskill,anefficientandinexpensivewaytosetourselvesapartintheworkforceandinouradultlives.Teachyourchildrenthatthehabitofmannerscomesfrominside—it'sanattitudebasedonrespectingotherpeople.”

Afewyearsago,asmychildrendescendedlikepiranhasontheirpresentsundertheChristmastree,theonlyattitudeIcouldseewasgreed.Wherewastheappreciationoftimeandeffort?

Athank-younoteshouldcontainthreethings:anacknowledgementofthegift(Lovethetiewiththepictureofahorseonit.);arecognitionofthetimeandeffortspenttoselectit(Youmusthaveshoppedalloverthestatetofindsuchauniqueitem!);apredictionofhowyouwilluseyourgiftorthewayithasenhancedyourlife(I'llbesuretowearittothenextMr.Edconvention!).

So,fiveyearsago,inoneofmyrareflashesofparentalinsight,Idecidedthatthemostappropriatetimetoteachthisbasiccourtesyiswhilethetinselishot.Tothehorrorofmychildren,Iannouncedthathencefortheverygiftreceivedwillbeanoccasionforathank-younotewrittenimmediately,onthespot.IhaveexplainedtomykidshowIhavereactedtonothearingfromthelittleboy—howitmademefeelunappreciatedandunmotivatedtorepeattheprocessnextyear.

Ihavereluctantlygivenmykidsthegreenlighttosende-thank-younotes;thoughhand-letteredones(atleasttome)stillseemfriendlier.Butprettymuchanythank-youmakesthegiftgiverfeelspecial—justas,wehope,therecipientfeels.It'sagesturethatperfectlycapturesthespiritoftheholidays.

1.Theauthorfeltunmotivatedwhenbuyingagiftforthelittleboybecausehe().

2.AccordingtoMs.Demeanor,showingappreciationhasthebenefitof().

3.Inathank-younote,“ThebookwillbemygoodcompanionwhenIamalone.”servesas().

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“whilethetinselishot”(Line2,Para.6)?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.purposelyintendednottoshowgratitudeforherkindnessandconsideration

B.hadneverexpressedappreciationofthegiftshereceivedinpreviousyears

C.hadnoideahowthoughtfulshewasinchoosingagiftforhim

D.didn'tlikeanyofthegiftshehadgivenhim

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.formingthehabitofgoodmanners

B.regainingthelostartofexpressingthanks

C.motivatingthegiftgivertobuymoregifts

D.distinguishingoneselffromothersinworkandlife

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.arecognitionofthetimeandeffortspenttoselectit

B.anannouncementofhowithasenhancedyourlife

C.apredictionofhowyouwilluseyourgift

D.anacknowledgementofthegift

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Themomentherkidsreceiveagift.

B.Themomentshestartschoosinggiftsforeachkid.

C.Whentheartofsendingthank-younotesisn'tlostyet.

D.Whenherkidsstillrememberwhoboughtthegiftsforthem

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Theauthorfeltunmotivatedwhenbuyingagiftforthelittleboybecausehe______.1.作者在給小男孩買禮物時(shí)感到?jīng)]有動(dòng)力,因?yàn)樗鸰_____。

A.purposelyintendednottoshowgratitudeforherkindnessandconsiderationA.故意不表示對她的善良和體貼的感激

B.hadneverexpressedappreciationofthegiftshereceivedinpreviousyearsB.從未對前幾年收到的禮物表示過感謝

C.hadnoideahowthoughtfulshewasinchoosingagiftforhimC.不知道她在為他挑選禮物時(shí)考慮得有多周到

D.didn’tlikeanyofthegiftshehadgivenhimD.不喜歡她送給他的任何禮物

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段最后一句“為他買禮物應(yīng)該很容易,但我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難喚起任何熱情,因?yàn)樵谖宜退Y物的這些年里,他從來沒有給過我一封感謝信(becauseinalltheyearsI’vegivenhimpresents,heneveroncesentmeathank-younote)”,從中可知,作者在給小男孩買禮物時(shí)感到?jīng)]有動(dòng)力,因?yàn)樗麤]有為前面幾年的禮物寫過感謝信,B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“故意不表示對她的善良和體貼的感激”過度解讀,曲解原文;

C選項(xiàng)“不知道她在為他挑選禮物時(shí)考慮得有多周到”和D選項(xiàng)“不喜歡她送給他的任何禮物”沒有提到,無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.AccordingtoMs.Demeanor,showingappreciationhasthebenefitof______.2.據(jù)迪米娜稱,表達(dá)感激對______有好處。

A.formingthehabitofgoodmannersA.養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣

B.regainingthelostartofexpressingthanksB.重拾遺失的表達(dá)感謝的藝術(shù)

C.motivatingthegiftgivertobuymoregiftsC.激勵(lì)送禮物的人買更多的禮物

D.distinguishingoneselffromothersinworkandlifeD.在工作和生活中脫穎而出

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第二句“感恩的態(tài)度是一種非常重要的生活技能,是一種有效而廉價(jià)的方式,可以讓我們在職場和成人生活中脫穎而出(setourselvesapartintheworkforceandinouradultlives)”可知,迪米娜認(rèn)為表示感恩能夠讓我們在工作和生活中脫穎而出。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣”、B選項(xiàng)“重拾遺失的表達(dá)感謝的藝術(shù)”和C選項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)送禮物的人買更多的禮物”沒有提及,無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Inathank-younote,“ThebookwillbemygoodcompanionwhenIamalone.”servesas______.3.在一封感謝信中,“當(dāng)我孤獨(dú)的時(shí)候,這本書將是我的好伴侶?!笔莀_____。

A.arecognitionofthetimeandeffortspenttoselectitA.對花在選擇它上的時(shí)間和精力的認(rèn)可

B.anannouncementofhowithasenhancedyourlifeB.如何提升了你的生活的宣告

C.apredictionofhowyouwilluseyourgiftC.你將如何使用你的禮物的預(yù)測

D.anacknowledgementofthegiftD.對禮物的致謝

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知,感謝信應(yīng)該包含的三個(gè)部分是:對禮物的認(rèn)可,對選擇禮物所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間和精力的認(rèn)可,以及預(yù)測你將如何使用禮物或者它如何提高你的生活。所以從“當(dāng)我孤獨(dú)的時(shí)候,這本書將是我的好伴侶。”可以看出,這句話是強(qiáng)調(diào)禮物的用途,即原文所說的“將如何使用你的禮物”。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對花在選擇它上的時(shí)間和精力的認(rèn)可”并不是這句話的作用,張冠李戴;

B選項(xiàng)“如何提升了你的生活的宣告”文中沒有提到,無中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“對禮物的致謝”范圍太廣,不詳細(xì),張冠李戴。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“whilethetinselishot”(Para.6)?4.作者第6段所說的“whilethetinselishot”是什么意思?

A.Themomentherkidsreceiveagift.A.她的孩子收到禮物的那一刻。

B.Themomentshestartschoosinggiftsforeachkid.B.當(dāng)她開始為每個(gè)孩子挑選禮物的時(shí)候。

C.Whentheartofsendingthank-younotesisn’tlostyet.C.當(dāng)發(fā)送感謝信的藝術(shù)還沒有消失的時(shí)候。

D.Whenherkidsstillrememberwhoboughtthegiftsforthem.D.當(dāng)她的孩子還記得是誰給他們買的禮物時(shí)。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第六段第一句“所以,五年前,在我為數(shù)不多的一次作為父母的領(lǐng)悟中,我決定,教導(dǎo)這一基本禮貌的最合適時(shí)機(jī)是whilethetinselishot”,結(jié)合下一句“我宣布,從今以后,每收到一件禮物,都將成為立即當(dāng)場寫感謝信的機(jī)會(huì)”,綜合理解可知,whilethetinselishot指的是“在收到禮物的那一刻就寫感謝信”,A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)她開始為每個(gè)孩子挑選禮物的時(shí)候”、C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)發(fā)送感謝信的藝術(shù)還沒有消失的時(shí)候”和D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)她的孩子還記得是誰給他們買的禮物時(shí)”理解錯(cuò)誤,屬于曲解原文。

7.單選題

Theairportpolicewho______thegirlconcludedthatshewasinnocentandhadn’tknownaboutthedrugs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interrogated

B.shrouded

C.ratified

D.muffled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)interrogate“審問,質(zhì)問”,B項(xiàng)shroud“覆蓋,包以尸衣”,C項(xiàng)ratify“批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可”,D項(xiàng)muffle“蒙住,裹住,抑制”。由police“警察”可知,______thegirl表示“審問那個(gè)女孩”。句意:機(jī)場警察審問了這個(gè)女孩,得出的結(jié)論是她是無辜的,不知道毒品的事。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Itwouldtakethecitymanyyearsto______thenewcomersintothepatternsofastrangelife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absorb

B.assimilate

C.digest

D.associate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)absorb“吸收,吸引”,B項(xiàng)assimilate“吸收,使同化”,C項(xiàng)digest“消化”,D項(xiàng)associate“聯(lián)想”。根據(jù)空格后的句子thenewcomersintothepatternsofastrangelife(剛進(jìn)入陌生生活模式的人)可知,空白部分應(yīng)該表示為“把……融入環(huán)境”,C、D選項(xiàng)可排除;B選項(xiàng)把被吸收物變成吸收物的一部分,吸收過程較慢;A選項(xiàng)使用更廣泛,所以A項(xiàng)更符合。句意:這個(gè)城市要花很多年的時(shí)間才能讓新來者適應(yīng)陌生的生活模式。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

TheindividualTVviewerinvariablysensesthatheorsheis()anonymous,statisticallyinsignificantpartofahugeanddiverseaudience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.everythingexcept

B.anythingbut

C.nolessthan

D.nothingmorethan

【答案】D

【解析】everythingexcept除了;anythingbut絕不;nolessthan不少于,正如;nothingmorethan不過是,無非是。句意:個(gè)體的電視觀眾總是覺得自己在眾多不同的觀眾中僅僅是無足輕重、微不足道的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Fool()Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.who

B.as

C.that

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞和代詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)who“誰;什么人”;B選項(xiàng)as“如同,像……一樣;雖然”;C選項(xiàng)that沒有實(shí)意;D選項(xiàng)like“像,如同”。由本句前后語義關(guān)系可知,前半句應(yīng)該是一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。句意:盡管吉英很蠢,她也不會(huì)做出這種事來。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth.Theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs(粘膜炎)andconsumptions(肺癌).Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy(中風(fēng)).Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculationpromotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetosixforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentruckssothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthenewmodeexceptspeed.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribethemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat(

).

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept(

).

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut(

).

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat(

5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether.

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D.railwayleadstheworldtopeace

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfast

B.therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C.therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D.therailwayleadstheworldtowar.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth.

B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snerves

C.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs.

D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Practical

B.Neutral

C.Humorous

D.Exaggerated

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat提到他們都沒有預(yù)見在一起的人越多,戰(zhàn)爭的可能性就越大。任何一個(gè)大家庭的男孩或者女孩都知道。選項(xiàng)C符合題意,“很多人在一起可能打架”。

2.文章第一段第一句thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace提到那些歡迎鐵路的人認(rèn)為鐵路不僅僅是一種快速且舒適的通行方式,實(shí)際上他們還認(rèn)為它(鐵路)是構(gòu)成世界和平的因素,由此可推斷選項(xiàng)D“鐵路引領(lǐng)世界走向戰(zhàn)爭”是錯(cuò)誤的。

3.文章第二段inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy提到對于那些有高血壓的人來說,火車的快速的移動(dòng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致中風(fēng),由此可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章第三段第一句theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable提到火車沒有一點(diǎn)舒適感,然后作者又強(qiáng)調(diào)了鐵路的不利因素,比如車?yán)锩娴目諝獠?,座位分一二三等,環(huán)境舒適度不一樣等。由此可知,作者是反對鐵路的群體。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段最后兩句話提到在開放的三等列車中,他們擁有一種特殊的資源,即可以在任何一個(gè)季度遇到雨水。作者將其描述為水平方向的淋雨,可知說辭是比較幽默的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Thisisadifficultjob,ifyoutryyourbest,youwilllearnhowtodoit().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ontime

B.behindtime

C.attimes

D.intime

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。ontime“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”;behindtime“遲到”;attimes“有時(shí)偶爾”;intime“及時(shí)”。本句意為“這是一份困難的工作,但只要你盡力,你就能很快學(xué)會(huì)的”,intime符合句意,表達(dá)“及時(shí)”的意思。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

13.單選題

Bulliedbytwoclassmates,theboybegantocryandtearslowly()downhisface.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oozed

B.trickled

C.dribbled

D.leaked

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ooze“滲出;泄漏”;B選項(xiàng)trickle“使……滴;一滴滴地流”;C選項(xiàng)dribble“連擊;使滴下;運(yùn)球”;D選項(xiàng)leak“使?jié)B漏,泄露”。句意:受到兩位同班同學(xué)的欺負(fù)后,這位男孩開始哭,然后眼淚順著他的臉頰一滴滴地流下。結(jié)合此處句意眼淚應(yīng)該是順著他的臉頰一滴滴地流,判斷出B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Itisanticipatedthatthiscontractwillsubstantiallyincreasesalesoverthenextthreeyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.apparently

B.slightly

C.considerably

D.steadily

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。substantially“實(shí)質(zhì)上;充分地;大幅地”;A選項(xiàng)apparently“顯然地;似乎,表面上”;B選項(xiàng)slightly“些微地,輕微地”;C選項(xiàng)considerably“相當(dāng)多地;非常地”;D選項(xiàng)steadily“穩(wěn)定地;穩(wěn)固地”。句意:預(yù)計(jì)該合同將在未來三年內(nèi)大幅增加銷售額。根據(jù)句中“increasesales增加銷售額”可知substantially在這里的意思為“大幅地”,因此C選項(xiàng)相當(dāng)多地正確。

15.單選題

TheFDAwascreatedto()thesafetyofproducts,reviewapplicationsandgrantapprovals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulate

B.adjust

C.regulate

D.manage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)manipulate“操縱,操作”,B項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”,C項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié),控制”,D項(xiàng)manage“管理,經(jīng)營”;根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞safetyofproduct(產(chǎn)品的安全性)和后面的review(檢查)以及grant(承認(rèn),允許)可推斷,空格部分表示“控制,規(guī)范”。句意:FDA的成立是為了監(jiān)管產(chǎn)品的安全性,審查申請和批準(zhǔn)。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

16.填空題

Solvingaproblemcanbebrokenintoseveralsteps.First,theproblemmustbeidentifiedcorrectly.Psychologistsrefer(1)thisstepasproblemrepresentation.Formanyproblems,figuring

(2)

whichinformationisrelevantandwhichisextraneouscanbedifficultandcaninterfere

(3)

arrivingatagoodsolution.Clearly,beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvious

(4)

theproblemis,however,thisisnotaseasy

(5)

itmightseem.Oneobstacletoefficientproblemrepresentationisfunctionalfixedness,whichis,allowingpreconceivednotionsandevenprejudicestocolorthefacts.Mostpeopletend

(6)

seeobjectsandeventsincertainfixedways,andbybeinginflexibleinviewingtheproblem,theymaybeunabletonoticethetools

(7)

thesolution.Oncetheproblemisidentifiedaccurately,

(8)

,thesecondstepconsists

(9)

consideringthealternativesforasolution.Acommonwaytoevaluatealternativesistowritethem

(10)

andthenmakealist

(11)

advantagesanddisadvantagesforeachsolution.Hereagain,peoplemaybelimitedbypriorexperiences.Oftenpeopleadoptmentalsets

(12)

leadthemtothesameproblem-solvingstrategiesthatweresuccessfulforproblems

(13)

thepast.Althoughthatcanbehelpfulmost

(14)thetime,sometimesanewsituationrequiresadifferentstrategy.

(15)

thatcase,thementalsetmustbeabandoned,andnewalternativesmustbeexplored.

【答案】(1)to

(2)out

(3)with

(4)what

(5)as

(6)to

(7)for

(8)however

(9)of

(10)down

(11)of

(12)that

(13)in

(14)of

(15)In

【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。referto“涉及;指的是”,固定搭配。

(2)考查固定搭配。figureout“弄清楚;想出;算出”。

(3)考查固定搭配。interferewith“干擾,干涉”。

(4)考查主語同位語從句。it是形式主語,whattheproblemis是真正的主語。

(5)考查固定搭配。as…as…“像……一樣”。

(6)考查固定搭配。tendtodosth.“傾向于做某事”。

(7)考查介詞的用法。thetoolsforthesolution“解決方案的工具”。

(8)考查邏輯關(guān)系。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以用however。

(9)考查固定搭配。consistof“構(gòu)成”。

(10)考查固定搭配。writesth.down“寫下……”。

(11)考查介詞的用法。alistofsth.“某物的清單”。

(12)考查定語從句。由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,先行詞是sets。

(13)考查固定搭配。inthepast“在過去”。

(14)考查固定搭配。mostofthetime“大部分時(shí)間”。

(15)考查固定搭配。inthatcase“既然那樣”。

17.單選題

Notalldecisionsarealike.(1)iseverydecisionmadeinthesamemanner.Althoughsomeactionsyouundertake(2)theirbasisfromnewlymadedecisions,thereareotherinstances(3)decision-makingdoesnotreallytakeplace.Thelatter,accordingtoDeaconandFirebaugh,mayinvolveroutine,programmed,impulsiveorintuitiveaction.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningandpreparetoattendclass,doyouconsciouslymakedecisionsabout(4)thingsaswhich,sideofyourhairtocomb

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