高三英語語法綜合復習課件7

Polar-icemeltdownSomescientistswarnthaticeneartheEarth'sPolesmayindeedbemelting.This“polarmeltdown”maybethefirstsignthattheEarthisheatingup.Wecouldbeinveryserioustroubleifthistrendcontinues.①Itisestimatedthatameltdownofaslittleas10percentofModule1DeepSouthPolar-icemeltdownModule11Antarctica‘sicewouldraisesealevelsaroundtheglobeby4to9meters.Floodswouldcoverlow-lyingregionsandturncoastalcitieslikeNewYorkandNewOrleansintoreallifeunderwaterworld.Scientistsfirstpredictedinthe1970sthatheattrappedintheEarth'satmospherecouldcauseapolarmeltdown.Manypeoplenowbelievethathumanactivitiesareturninguptheheat.Whenweburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoil，weaddcarbondioxide(CO2)gastotheEarth'satmosphere.CuttingdowntreesalsomakesCO2levelsriseAntarctica‘sicewouldrais2becausetreesnormallysoakupCO2tomakefood.ScientistssayhigherCO2levelsstrengthenthe“greenhouseeffect”andcouldincreasetheEarth'stemperature.②Infact，CO2levelshaverisenby30percentsincetheIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thand19thcenturies.Overthepastthreeyears，satellitemeasurementshaveshownasealevelriseofaboutaquarterinchworldwide.③“Ifnothingisdonetoreducefossil-fuelpollutionandglobalwarming，sealevelswillriseevenmore.”saysgeologistRichardAlley.becausetreesnormallysoakup3ButevenAlleyadmitsthatapolarmeltdownwouldtaketime.TheiceinAntarcticaandArcticlocksupnearlyninetimesthevolumeofwatercontainedinalltheworld'sriversandlakes.Thesearesuchbig“icecubes”anditwouldprobablytakethousandsofyearstomeltthem.AnotherscientistCharlesBentleydoesn'tthinkameltdownwillhappenatall.“Evenifwarmertemperaturesbegintomeltpolar-ice，”hesays，“theexcessmoisturewouldmostlikelyberedepositedassnow.”Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.ButevenAlleyadmits4①這次會議預計要開4天。Itisestimatedthatthemeetingwilllastfourdays.②產(chǎn)量比去年至少提高了20%。Theoutputhasrisenbynolessthan20percentoverthelastyear.③如果明天天好，我們將外出。Ifitisfinetomorrow，wewillgoouting.1．佳句仿寫一二三1．佳句仿寫一二三5Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.換句話說，融化的冰將會蒸發(fā)到大氣中，再凝固，然后以雨或雪降落到極地。

2．翻譯佳句，放眼高考2．翻譯佳句，放眼高考6Ⅰ.單詞識記1．________n．a(chǎn)personwhotravelstounknownplacesinordertofindoutmoreaboutthem2．________n．thetotalamountofrainthatfallsinaparticularareainaparticularamountoftime3．________adj.difficulttostayorlivein，especiallybecausethereisnoshelterfromtheweatherPeriodOneIntroduction,ReadingandVocabularyⅠ.單詞識記PeriodOneIntroduct74．________v．tomakesomebody/somethingunsteadyandindangeroffalling5．________v．tohelpsomethingtohappenordevelop6．________adj.happeningordoneonceeveryyear7．________n．thedistancefromthetoporsurfacetothebottomofsomething8．________n．a(chǎn)formalagreementbetweentwoormorecountries9．________adj.connectedwiththebuyingandsellingofgoodsandservices4．________v．tomakesomebody/s810．________adj.(ofpeople，politicalorganizations，opinions，etc.)farfromwhatmostpeopleconsidertobenormal，reasonableoracceptable答案1.mercial10．extreme10．________adj.(ofpeople，poli9Ⅱ.短語天地1．________________幾乎為零2．________________處于一種冰凍狀態(tài)3．________________平均4．________________使適應5．________________顯眼，出色6．intheformof________________7．setfooton________________8．inparticular________________9．reachadepthof________________10．bemadeupof________________Ⅱ.短語天地10答案1.closetozero2.inafrozenstate3.onaverage4．a(chǎn)daptto5.standout6.以……形式7.踏上，進入8．尤其9.深度達到……10.由……組成答案1.closetozero2.inafroz11Ⅲ.語境助記Antarcticaisaninhospitableplace，withannualrainfallclosetozero.Itiscoveredwithiceinafrozenstatealltheyearround.Onaverage，thedepthoftheiceistwokilometers.Insomeplaces，itreachesthedepthoffivekilometers.Itattractsmanyexplorerstosetfootontheland.Butrecently，atreatyissignedtopreventthecommercialuseofthecontinent，in

particulartheuseofmilitary.Ⅲ.語境助記12Withannualrainfallclosetozero，Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.[信息提取]with復合結構作狀語，表示原因。[例句仿寫]由于很多學生的發(fā)音很差，他們從頭開始。Withsomanystudents__________________theirpronunciation，theystartedfrombeginning.1．Ⅳ.句型搜索1．Ⅳ.句型搜索13Ahighmountainrange，theTrans-Antarcticarange，runsfromeasttowest，cuttingthecontinentintwo.[信息提取]cuttingthecontinentintwo是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。[例句仿寫]她丈夫去世了，給她留下了三個孩子和許多債務。Herhusbanddied，________herthreechildrenandalotofdebts.2．Ahighmountainrange，theTran14Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle，butheneversawland.[信息提取]Notuntil放在句首要用倒裝語序。[例句仿寫]直到他告訴我，我才意識到這件事多么嚴重。Notuntilhetoldmeaboutit，__________thethingwassoserious.答案1.weakin2.leaving3.didIrealize3．Notuntilthelate18thcentur15ChoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetextWhichofthefollowingsentencesisWRONGaboutAntarctica?A．Antarcticaisnotonlythecoldestplacebutalsothedriestplaceonearth.B．Antarcticaisthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld.C．Ahighmountainrange，theTrans-Antarcticarange，cutsthecontinentintwo.D．Antarcticaholds70%oftheworld'siceand90%oftheworld'sfreshwater.1．A．Ⅴ.預讀理解1．A．Ⅴ.預讀理解16WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisRIGHTaboutthewildlifeinAntarctica?A．Thereareflyingbirds，seals，whalesandonetypeofplants.B．ThelongAntarcticawinternight，theextremecoldandlackofrainfallmakefewtypesofplants.C．Therearesometreesonthelargecontinent.D．Onlytwotypesoffloweringplantsarefoundandnoformsofalgaecangrowonice.2．Whichofthefollowingdescrip17Antarcticarocksareveryimportantforresearchbecause________．A．therockhasbecomeawindowonthepastB．gasesandmineralstrappedintherockscantellusalotabouttheweatherinthepastC．mostoftherocksaremeteoritesfromouterspaceD．mostAntarcticarocksaredarkincolor3．Antarcticarocksareveryimpo18________crossedtheAntarcticaCircleinthelate18thcentury.A．TheBritishexplorerJamesCookB．TheexplorercalledNorwegianC．TheexplorercalledCarstensD．TheexplorercalledBorchgrevink4．________crossedtheAntarctica19B．FillintheblanksaccordingtothepassageHeadingmainideaPart1ThelandAntarcticaisaninhospitableplacetoliveinbecauseitisthe1.________andthedriestcontinentonearthandis2.________coveredwithice.Part2PlantsandanimalsAsaresultofits3.________conditionsonlyfewtypesofplantscansurvivethere，butitisfullof4.________.B．Fillintheblanksaccording20Part3Agreatplacefor5.________Antarcticiceandrockscangiveresearcherslotsofusefulinformation.Part4ThediscoveryofAntarcticaAntarcticawasthe6.________continenttobediscoveredandCarstensBorchgrevinkwasthefirstmanto7.________theAntarcticmainland.Part3Agreatplacefor5.____21Part5TheAntarcticTreatyTheaimofthetreatysignedby12countriesisto8.________AntarcticaandAntarcticahasbecomethemostsuccessful9.______ofman'seffortstoworktogetherfor10.________andpeace.答案A1.D2.B3.C4.AB1.coldest2.permanently3.extreme4.wildlife5．researchers6.last7.setfoottect9.symbol10．progressPart5TheAntarcticTheaimof22promotevt.支持，鼓勵；提倡；升職，提升，晉升(通常用被動語態(tài))；促進，促銷Theorganizationaimstopromotecooperationbetweenthetwonations.該組織旨在促進兩國之間的合作。Throughouthistory，advertisinghasbeenaneffectivewaytopromotethetradingandsellingofgoods.縱觀歷史，廣告是促進商品銷售的一種有效辦法。1．promotevt.支持，鼓勵；提倡；升職，提升，晉升(通23(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth把某人(從某職位)提升到某職位bepromotedto...被升為……promotedevelopment/understanding促進發(fā)展/加深了解(2)promotionn．提升，晉級；鼓勵；提倡get/win/gainpromotion得到/爭取晉升She'sjustbeenpromotedtochiefeditor.她剛剛被提升為總編輯。(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth24【完成句子】①他努力工作，想得到晉升。Heworkedhardto________________．②由于出色的工作，他被提升為總經(jīng)理。Hehas________generalmanagerbecauseofhisexcellentworkinthecompany.答案①get/win/gainpromotion②beenpromotedto【完成句子】25trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危險之地)；使無力改變；使落網(wǎng)；誘騙；儲存，留存；n.陷阱；困境；圈套Thetwomendiedwhentheyweretrappedinaburningbuilding.這兩名男子因被困在燃燒著的大樓里而喪生。IwastrappedintoadmittingthatIhadlied.我中了圈套，承認自己撒謊了。(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人上當，使中計trapwater儲水betrappedin被困在……(2)set/layatrapfor布好陷阱/設下圈套becaughtinatrapof...陷入……的困境2．trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危險之地)；使無力改變26【完成句子】①由于困于無愛的婚姻，許多婦女覺得生活單調(diào)。________lovelessmarriages，manywomenfeelthatlifeiscolorless.②我上當了，相信了他的謊言。He________me________believinghislies.答案

①Trappedin②trapped；into【完成句子】27adaptvt.(1)adaptoneselftosth使自己適應……Headaptedhimselftothenewenvironment/climate.他自己適應了新環(huán)境/氣候。(2)adaptsthforsth(fromsth)(為電視、舞臺等)改編或改寫ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.這部小說已由俄文原著改編成無線電廣播節(jié)目。3．a(chǎn)daptvt.3．28(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物適合新的用途、情況等而修改某事物Thismachinehasbeenspeciallyadaptedforusingunderwater.這機器是為水下使用而特別改裝的。adaptfrom根據(jù)……改寫/改編adoptvt.收養(yǎng)；采取，采納，采用；正式通過(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物適合新的用途29【完成句子】①他花了很長時間來適應北方寒冷的天氣。Ittookhimalongtimeto________himself________thecoldweatherinthenorth.②據(jù)說這部新電影是根據(jù)簡·奧斯汀的一本小說改編的。It'ssaidthatthenewfilmis______________anovelbyJaneAusten.答案

①adapt；to②adaptedfrom【完成句子】30state(1)n.狀態(tài)，狀況Thevicepresidentisinastateofpoorhealth.副總統(tǒng)健康狀況不佳。(2)vt.陳述，說明，聲明IthasbeenstatedthatTaiwanisonlypartofChina.臺灣是中國的一部分是早已聲明的事實。inthestateof在……情況下inagood/badstate情況好/糟糕normalstate正常情況agoodstateofhealth良好的健康狀態(tài)4．state4．31【辨析】state/condition/situationstate常用詞，指“人或事物所處的狀態(tài)”Thecountryisinastateofwar.這個國家處于戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)。condition指由于一定的原因、條件或環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的特定情況Hisconditionwillnotpermithimtotravel.他的身體狀況不允許他出游。situation指多種具體情況造成的綜合狀態(tài)，著重這種狀態(tài)的影響和處于該狀態(tài)事物的關系Weareindifficultsituation.我們處境艱難?！颈嫖觥?2用state/condition/situation適當形式填空。①那所房子很臟。Thehousewasinadirty________．②他是否參加會議要看他的健康狀況。Whetherhewillattendthemeetingdependsonthe________ofhishealth.③眾所周知，美國目前經(jīng)濟狀況艱難。Asweallknow，Americaisinadifficult________ineconomyatpresent.答案

①state②condition③situation用state/condition/situation適當形式33Anyonewhowantstomakeprogressshouldbefreefromarroganceandrashness.凡是想進步的人都應該戒驕戒躁。Hecan'twriteasinglesentencefreefrommistakes.他寫不出一個沒有錯誤的句子來。1．freefrom不受……影響的；沒有……的1．freefrom不受……影響的；沒有……的34【完成句子】①我過去住在一個遠離污染的村莊。Iusedtoliveinasmallvillage____________pollution.②周末，由于沒有了無休無止的家庭作業(yè)，學生們一起騎車去看日出。__________________endlesshomeworkonweekends，thestudentstakearidetogethertowatchthesunrise.答案

①freefrom②Beingfreefrom【完成句子】35WhodoyouthinkwasthefirstpersontosetfootonAustralia？你認為誰是第一個到達澳大利亞的人？Afterthe10-hourflight，theyfinallysetfootonChinesesoil.經(jīng)過10個小時的飛行，他們終于踏上了中國的國土。setaboutdoingsth開始，著手做某事setouttodosth著手做某事setaside/apart存儲，留出，放在一邊setback使倒退；使受挫折；撥回(表針)setaside存儲；留出；放在一邊setdown寫下，記下；放下2．setfooton/in進入；到達2．setfooton/in進入；到達36【單項填空】①第一個踏上月球的是一個叫阿姆斯特朗的美國人。AnAmericancalledArmstrongbecamethefirstmanto________themoon.②你最好把你的想法寫下來，以免忘記。You'dbetter________yourideasbeforeyouforgetit.答案

①setfooton②setdown【單項填空】37standout(from/againststh)(1)突出，顯眼

Redstandsoutagainstawhitebackground.白底襯著紅色，特別醒目。(2)卓越；杰出；遠遠地超過(standoutfromsb/sth)Theywereallattractive，butshestoodoutfromtheothers.她們都很迷人，但她比其他人更有魅力。3．standfor代表；象征；為……的縮略形式standby袖手旁觀standbysb支持；幫助；擁護(某人)standagainst靠在……；依……站立；反對……；抵抗……standout(from/againststh)3．38【完成句子】①在白雪的映襯下，這些紅花格外醒目。Theredflowers________againstthewhitesnow.②他們都很出色，但班長比其他人更優(yōu)秀。Theyareallexcellent，butourmonitor______theothers.答案

①standout②standsoutfrom【完成句子】39intheformof“以……形式”或“呈……形狀”Themainstaircasewasintheformofabig“S”．主樓梯呈S形。PeoplearebombardedwithinformationintheformofmagazinesandTVadvertising.信息以雜志和電視廣告的形式向人們連續(xù)轟炸。4．intheformof“以……形式”或“呈……形狀40【翻譯句子】①以錢的形式支助是再好不過的。__________________________________________________②教堂常常建成十字形。__________________________________________________答案

①Helpintheformofmoneywillbemostwelcome.②Churchesareoftenbuiltintheformofcrosses.【翻譯句子】41Withannualrainfallclosetozero，Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.南極洲年降雨量幾乎為零，嚴格來說，該區(qū)域就是一片荒漠。withannualrainfallclosetozero為介詞短語，表示原因，由介詞＋名詞＋形容詞(詞組)組成，即“with＋賓語＋形容詞短語”構成的復合結構。1．Withannualrainfallcloseto42用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空①Hesattherewithhiseyes________(fix)onthesky.②Hesattherewithhishand________(point)atme.③Withsomanyessays________(write)，hewon'thavetimetogoshoppingthisafternoon.答案

①fixed②pointing③towrite用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空43Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle，butheneversawland.直到18世紀末，英國探險家詹姆斯·庫克才穿越了南極圈，但他卻始終未發(fā)現(xiàn)任何陸地。當notuntil位于句首時，句子要倒裝。其結構為：Notuntil＋從句/表時間的詞＋助動詞＋(主句)主語＋謂語＋……Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.直到老師進來學生們才停止講話。2．Notuntilthelate18thcentur44(1)當notuntil引導的狀語或狀語從句用于強調(diào)句型時，句子的主謂語不倒裝。Itwasnotuntil1998thathereturnedtohishometown.(2)not...until/till...直到……才……該句型通常與非延續(xù)性動詞(如：come，go，leave，reach，get，meet，realize，understand，arriveat等)連用，強調(diào)主句所表示的動作或情景一直到until/till所表示的時間才發(fā)生，主句必須是否定句。Theywon'tcomehomeuntilitisdark.直到天黑他們才回家。(1)當notuntil引導的狀語或狀語從句用于強調(diào)句45(3)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞(如：study，stay，sleep，work等),表示這一動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到until/till所表示的時間為止。HewatchedTVuntil/tillmidnightlastnight.昨晚他看電視一直到半夜。(3)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的謂語動詞必須46【單項填空】①NotuntilIcamehomelastnight________tobed.A．Mumdidgo B．didMumgoC．wentMum D．Mumwent②Itwas________backhomeaftertheexperiment.A．notuntilmidnightdidhegoB．untilmidnightthathedidn'tgoC．untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgoD．notuntilmidnightthathewent答案

①B②D【單項填空】47Polar-icemeltdownSomescientistswarnthaticeneartheEarth'sPolesmayindeedbemelting.This“polarmeltdown”maybethefirstsignthattheEarthisheatingup.Wecouldbeinveryserioustroubleifthistrendcontinues.①Itisestimatedthatameltdownofaslittleas10percentofModule1DeepSouthPolar-icemeltdownModule148Antarctica‘sicewouldraisesealevelsaroundtheglobeby4to9meters.Floodswouldcoverlow-lyingregionsandturncoastalcitieslikeNewYorkandNewOrleansintoreallifeunderwaterworld.Scientistsfirstpredictedinthe1970sthatheattrappedintheEarth'satmospherecouldcauseapolarmeltdown.Manypeoplenowbelievethathumanactivitiesareturninguptheheat.Whenweburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoil，weaddcarbondioxide(CO2)gastotheEarth'satmosphere.CuttingdowntreesalsomakesCO2levelsriseAntarctica‘sicewouldrais49becausetreesnormallysoakupCO2tomakefood.ScientistssayhigherCO2levelsstrengthenthe“greenhouseeffect”andcouldincreasetheEarth'stemperature.②Infact，CO2levelshaverisenby30percentsincetheIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thand19thcenturies.Overthepastthreeyears，satellitemeasurementshaveshownasealevelriseofaboutaquarterinchworldwide.③“Ifnothingisdonetoreducefossil-fuelpollutionandglobalwarming，sealevelswillriseevenmore.”saysgeologistRichardAlley.becausetreesnormallysoakup50ButevenAlleyadmitsthatapolarmeltdownwouldtaketime.TheiceinAntarcticaandArcticlocksupnearlyninetimesthevolumeofwatercontainedinalltheworld'sriversandlakes.Thesearesuchbig“icecubes”anditwouldprobablytakethousandsofyearstomeltthem.AnotherscientistCharlesBentleydoesn'tthinkameltdownwillhappenatall.“Evenifwarmertemperaturesbegintomeltpolar-ice，”hesays，“theexcessmoisturewouldmostlikelyberedepositedassnow.”Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.ButevenAlleyadmits51①這次會議預計要開4天。Itisestimatedthatthemeetingwilllastfourdays.②產(chǎn)量比去年至少提高了20%。Theoutputhasrisenbynolessthan20percentoverthelastyear.③如果明天天好，我們將外出。Ifitisfinetomorrow，wewillgoouting.1．佳句仿寫一二三1．佳句仿寫一二三52Inotherwords，themeltedicewouldevaporateintotheatmosphere，refreeze，andfallasrainandsnowoverthePoles.換句話說，融化的冰將會蒸發(fā)到大氣中，再凝固，然后以雨或雪降落到極地。

2．翻譯佳句，放眼高考2．翻譯佳句，放眼高考53Ⅰ.單詞識記1．________n．a(chǎn)personwhotravelstounknownplacesinordertofindoutmoreaboutthem2．________n．thetotalamountofrainthatfallsinaparticularareainaparticularamountoftime3．________adj.difficulttostayorlivein，especiallybecausethereisnoshelterfromtheweatherPeriodOneIntroduction,ReadingandVocabularyⅠ.單詞識記PeriodOneIntroduct544．________v．tomakesomebody/somethingunsteadyandindangeroffalling5．________v．tohelpsomethingtohappenordevelop6．________adj.happeningordoneonceeveryyear7．________n．thedistancefromthetoporsurfacetothebottomofsomething8．________n．a(chǎn)formalagreementbetweentwoormorecountries9．________adj.connectedwiththebuyingandsellingofgoodsandservices4．________v．tomakesomebody/s5510．________adj.(ofpeople，politicalorganizations，opinions，etc.)farfromwhatmostpeopleconsidertobenormal，reasonableoracceptable答案1.mercial10．extreme10．________adj.(ofpeople，poli56Ⅱ.短語天地1．________________幾乎為零2．________________處于一種冰凍狀態(tài)3．________________平均4．________________使適應5．________________顯眼，出色6．intheformof________________7．setfooton________________8．inparticular________________9．reachadepthof________________10．bemadeupof________________Ⅱ.短語天地57答案1.closetozero2.inafrozenstate3.onaverage4．a(chǎn)daptto5.standout6.以……形式7.踏上，進入8．尤其9.深度達到……10.由……組成答案1.closetozero2.inafroz58Ⅲ.語境助記Antarcticaisaninhospitableplace，withannualrainfallclosetozero.Itiscoveredwithiceinafrozenstatealltheyearround.Onaverage，thedepthoftheiceistwokilometers.Insomeplaces，itreachesthedepthoffivekilometers.Itattractsmanyexplorerstosetfootontheland.Butrecently，atreatyissignedtopreventthecommercialuseofthecontinent，in

particulartheuseofmilitary.Ⅲ.語境助記59Withannualrainfallclosetozero，Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.[信息提取]with復合結構作狀語，表示原因。[例句仿寫]由于很多學生的發(fā)音很差，他們從頭開始。Withsomanystudents__________________theirpronunciation，theystartedfrombeginning.1．Ⅳ.句型搜索1．Ⅳ.句型搜索60Ahighmountainrange，theTrans-Antarcticarange，runsfromeasttowest，cuttingthecontinentintwo.[信息提取]cuttingthecontinentintwo是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。[例句仿寫]她丈夫去世了，給她留下了三個孩子和許多債務。Herhusbanddied，________herthreechildrenandalotofdebts.2．Ahighmountainrange，theTran61Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle，butheneversawland.[信息提取]Notuntil放在句首要用倒裝語序。[例句仿寫]直到他告訴我，我才意識到這件事多么嚴重。Notuntilhetoldmeaboutit，__________thethingwassoserious.答案1.weakin2.leaving3.didIrealize3．Notuntilthelate18thcentur62ChoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetextWhichofthefollowingsentencesisWRONGaboutAntarctica?A．Antarcticaisnotonlythecoldestplacebutalsothedriestplaceonearth.B．Antarcticaisthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld.C．Ahighmountainrange，theTrans-Antarcticarange，cutsthecontinentintwo.D．Antarcticaholds70%oftheworld'siceand90%oftheworld'sfreshwater.1．A．Ⅴ.預讀理解1．A．Ⅴ.預讀理解63WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisRIGHTaboutthewildlifeinAntarctica?A．Thereareflyingbirds，seals，whalesandonetypeofplants.B．ThelongAntarcticawinternight，theextremecoldandlackofrainfallmakefewtypesofplants.C．Therearesometreesonthelargecontinent.D．Onlytwotypesoffloweringplantsarefoundandnoformsofalgaecangrowonice.2．Whichofthefollowingdescrip64Antarcticarocksareveryimportantforresearchbecause________．A．therockhasbecomeawindowonthepastB．gasesandmineralstrappedintherockscantellusalotabouttheweatherinthepastC．mostoftherocksaremeteoritesfromouterspaceD．mostAntarcticarocksaredarkincolor3．Antarcticarocksareveryimpo65________crossedtheAntarcticaCircleinthelate18thcentury.A．TheBritishexplorerJamesCookB．TheexplorercalledNorwegianC．TheexplorercalledCarstensD．TheexplorercalledBorchgrevink4．________crossedtheAntarctica66B．FillintheblanksaccordingtothepassageHeadingmainideaPart1ThelandAntarcticaisaninhospitableplacetoliveinbecauseitisthe1.________andthedriestcontinentonearthandis2.________coveredwithice.Part2PlantsandanimalsAsaresultofits3.________conditionsonlyfewtypesofplantscansurvivethere，butitisfullof4.________.B．Fillintheblanksaccording67Part3Agreatplacefor5.________Antarcticiceandrockscangiveresearcherslotsofusefulinformation.Part4ThediscoveryofAntarcticaAntarcticawasthe6.________continenttobediscoveredandCarstensBorchgrevinkwasthefirstmanto7.________theAntarcticmainland.Part3Agreatplacefor5.____68Part5TheAntarcticTreatyTheaimofthetreatysignedby12countriesisto8.________AntarcticaandAntarcticahasbecomethemostsuccessful9.______ofman'seffortstoworktogetherfor10.________andpeace.答案A1.D2.B3.C4.AB1.coldest2.permanently3.extreme4.wildlife5．researchers6.last7.setfoottect9.symbol10．progressPart5TheAntarcticTheaimof69promotevt.支持，鼓勵；提倡；升職，提升，晉升(通常用被動語態(tài))；促進，促銷Theorganizationaimstopromotecooperationbetweenthetwonations.該組織旨在促進兩國之間的合作。Throughouthistory，advertisinghasbeenaneffectivewaytopromotethetradingandsellingofgoods.縱觀歷史，廣告是促進商品銷售的一種有效辦法。1．promotevt.支持，鼓勵；提倡；升職，提升，晉升(通70(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth把某人(從某職位)提升到某職位bepromotedto...被升為……promotedevelopment/understanding促進發(fā)展/加深了解(2)promotionn．提升，晉級；鼓勵；提倡get/win/gainpromotion得到/爭取晉升She'sjustbeenpromotedtochiefeditor.她剛剛被提升為總編輯。(1)promotesb(fromsth)tosth71【完成句子】①他努力工作，想得到晉升。Heworkedhardto________________．②由于出色的工作，他被提升為總經(jīng)理。Hehas________generalmanagerbecauseofhisexcellentworkinthecompany.答案①get/win/gainpromotion②beenpromotedto【完成句子】72trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危險之地)；使無力改變；使落網(wǎng)；誘騙；儲存，留存；n.陷阱；困境；圈套Thetwomendiedwhentheyweretrappedinaburningbuilding.這兩名男子因被困在燃燒著的大樓里而喪生。IwastrappedintoadmittingthatIhadlied.我中了圈套，承認自己撒謊了。(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人上當，使中計trapwater儲水betrappedin被困在……(2)set/layatrapfor布好陷阱/設下圈套becaughtinatrapof...陷入……的困境2．trapv．把……困在，使陷于(尤指危險之地)；使無力改變73【完成句子】①由于困于無愛的婚姻，許多婦女覺得生活單調(diào)。________lovelessmarriages，manywomenfeelthatlifeiscolorless.②我上當了，相信了他的謊言。He________me________believinghislies.答案

①Trappedin②trapped；into【完成句子】74adaptvt.(1)adaptoneselftosth使自己適應……Headaptedhimselftothenewenvironment/climate.他自己適應了新環(huán)境/氣候。(2)adaptsthforsth(fromsth)(為電視、舞臺等)改編或改寫ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.這部小說已由俄文原著改編成無線電廣播節(jié)目。3．a(chǎn)daptvt.3．75(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物適合新的用途、情況等而修改某事物Thismachinehasbeenspeciallyadaptedforusingunderwater.這機器是為水下使用而特別改裝的。adaptfrom根據(jù)……改寫/改編adoptvt.收養(yǎng)；采取，采納，采用；正式通過(3)adaptsthforsth使某事物適合新的用途76【完成句子】①他花了很長時間來適應北方寒冷的天氣。Ittookhimalongtimeto________himself________thecoldweatherinthenorth.②據(jù)說這部新電影是根據(jù)簡·奧斯汀的一本小說改編的。It'ssaidthatthenewfilmis______________anovelbyJaneAusten.答案

①adapt；to②adaptedfrom【完成句子】77state(1)n.狀態(tài)，狀況Thevicepresidentisinastateofpoorhealth.副總統(tǒng)健康狀況不佳。(2)vt.陳述，說明，聲明IthasbeenstatedthatTaiwanisonlypartofChina.臺灣是中國的一部分是早已聲明的事實。inthestateof在……情況下inagood/badstate情況好/糟糕normalstate正常情況agoodstateofhealth良好的健康狀態(tài)4．state4．78【辨析】state/condition/situationstate常用詞，指“人或事物所處的狀態(tài)”Thecountryisinastateofwar.這個國家處于戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)。condition指由于一定的原因、條件或環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的特定情況Hisconditionwillnotpermithimtotravel.他的身體狀況不允許他出游。situation指多種具體情況造成的綜合狀態(tài)，著重這種狀態(tài)的影響和處于該狀態(tài)事物的關系Weareindifficultsituation.我們處境艱難?！颈嫖觥?9用state/condition/situation適當形式填空。①那所房子很臟。Thehousewasinadirty________．②他是否參加會議要看他的健康狀況。Whetherhewillattendthemeetingdependsonthe________ofhishealth.③眾所周知，美國目前經(jīng)濟狀況艱難。Asweallknow，Americaisinadifficult________ineconomyatpresent.答案

①state②condition③situation用state/condition/situation適當形式80Anyonewhowantstomakeprogressshouldbefreefromarroganceandrashness.凡是想進步的人都應該戒驕戒躁。Hecan'twriteasinglesentencefreefrommistakes.他寫不出一個沒有錯誤的句子來。1．freefrom不受……影響的；沒有……的1．freefrom不受……影響的；沒有……的81【完成句子】①我過去住在一個遠離污染的村莊。Iusedtoliveinasmallvillage____________pollution.②周末，由于沒有了無休無止的家庭作業(yè)，學生們一起騎車去看日出。__________________endlesshomeworkonweekends，thestudentstakearidetogethertowatchthesunrise.答案

①freefrom②Beingfreefrom【完成句子】82WhodoyouthinkwasthefirstpersontosetfootonAustralia？你認為誰是第一個到達澳大利亞的人？Afterthe10-hourflight，theyfinallysetfootonChinesesoil.經(jīng)過10個小時的飛行，他們終于踏上了中國的國土。setaboutdoingsth開始，著手做某事setouttodosth著手做某事setaside/apart存儲，留出，放在一邊setback使倒退；使受挫折；撥回(表針)setaside存儲；留出；放在一邊setdown寫下，記下；放下2．setfooton/in進入；到達2