高二英語暑假作業(yè)

高二英語暑假作業(yè)（1）第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A

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GalleryAttendant

YourcommitmenttovolunteeringattheMuseumishighlyvaluedbyArmyMuseumNorthQueensland,theAustralianArmyHistoryUnitandtheAustralianDefenceForce.TheroleofvolunteersisimportantinenhancingMuseumactivitiesandprovidingprogramsandservicesthatwouldnototherwisebeavailable.

RedCrossShopSummerSeasonVolunteer

MultiplevolunteerpositionsavailableatRedCrossShopsacrossMetroMelbourne.MondaytoSunday(minimumoftwofour-hourshiftsperweek)fromthestartofDecembertoFebruary29th.Byjoiningtheteamyou'llgettheopportunitytoprovidecustomerservice,createwindowandvisualmerchandisingdisplays,sortdonations,andhelpraisemoneyforthoseinneed.1.Whowillmostprobablygetthejobasnon-executivedirector?

A.Anagriculturalexpertinhisfifties. B.AretiredeconomistfromWhitsunday.

C.Aseniorcollegestudentmajoringinfinance. D.Anaccountantexpectingahandsomeincome.

2.HowmanyhoursatleastwillavolunteerworkintheRedCrossShopfortheseason?

A.48. B.52. C.104. D.144.

3.Whichonemightinterestamilitaryfanmost?

A.RedCrossShopSummerSeasonVolunteer. B.CommunityVisitorsPlan.

C.VolunteerNon-ExecutiveDirector. D.GalleryAttendant.B

WhenIwatchedChineseathletesattheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsandParalympicswhomIonceinterviewedreceivethehighesthonorfromthecentralgovernmentattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijingonFriday,thevividmemoriesofthemputtingforththeirbesteffortscamerushingback.

Butathletesaren'ttheonlyonesthattriedtheirbestattheGames.Alltheorganizers,volunteersandhealthcareworkersworkedtirelesslyduringCOVID-19-relatedchallenges.TogethertheyhelpedChinatohonoritspromisetohoststreamlined,safeandsplendidGames.

AsathletesoftheChineseWinterOlympicsandParalympicsdelegationsenteredthehallonFridayforthegatheringtohonorthosewhomadeoutstandingcontributionstotheGames,representativesoftheorganizersandvolunteersapplaudedloudly.Infact,theythemselvesal-sodeservearoundofapplausebecausewithouttheireffortsandsacrifices,thesmoothrunningofcompetitionsundersuchdifficultcircumstanceswouldhavebeenamissionimpossible.

ChinapreparedfortheGamesforsevenyears.ForChinatohavehostedtheWinterGamesonschedulewasconsideredahugesuccess,butthefactthatvenue(場館)conditionsmetsuchexactingstandardsgreatlyexceededmanypeople'sexpectations.

SomeathletestoldmethattheyharboredsomereservationsabouttheWinterGames'closed-loopmanagementpolicybeforearrivinginChinabecausetheyfearedthatitmightaffecttheirfreedomofmovement.Theythensoonfoundoutthatsuchconcernswereunnecessaryastheycouldtravelanywhereandanytimetheywishedwithintheclosedloop,whichisonlymeanttokeepthemsafesotheycanfullyconcentrateoncompetitions.Thentheybecameevenmoreexcitedtocompeteafterconductingtrainingsessionsatvenuesdescribedas“thebestthattheyhaveeverbeen”.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsandParalympicshaveleftmanymemories.Formany,thebeautifulmemoriesofpeace,friendshipandunityaresurelyamongthem.Ithinkit'sthebestrewardfortheorganizersandvolunteers.1.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.Heisanathlete. B.Heisajournalist.

C.Heisanofficial. D.Heisavolunteer.

2.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Theadmirableathletes.

B.Theselflessvolunteers.

C.Thosehardworkingorganizers.

D.ThejointeffortofallinvolvedintheGames.

3.Whatwasbeyondmanypeople'sexpectation?

A.Strictlystandardplayingfields.

B.HostingtheGameonschedule.

C.Athletes'freedomofmovement.

D.Chinawinningsomanymedals.

4.Theauthor'smoodinwritingthetextis____.

A.indifferent B.anxious C.thrilled D.calmC

Ittakescertainquicknesstopickastrawberryorasalad.Whilecropslikewheatandpotatoeshavebeenharvestedmechanicallyfordecades,manyfruitsandvegetableshaveprovedresistanttoautomation.Theyaretooeasilydamaged,ortoohardforheavyfarmingmachinestolocate.

Butrecently,technologicaldevelopmentsandadvancesinmachinelearninghaveledtosuccessfultrialsofmoresensitiveandskillfulrobots,whichusecamerasandartificialintelligencetolocateripefruitsandhandlethemwithcareandprecision.

DevelopedbyengineersattheUniversityofCambridge,theVegebotisthefirstrobotthatcanidentifyandharvesticeberglettuce(avegetablewithpalegreenleavesthatformatightball)—bringinghopetofarmersthatoneofthemostdemandingcropsforhumanpickerscouldfinallybeautomated.

First,acamerascansthelettuceand,withthehelpofamachinelearningalgorithm(算法)trainedonmorethanathousandlettuceimages,decidesifitisreadyforharvest.Thenasecondcameraguidesthepickingcageontopoftheplantwithoutcrushingit.Sensorsfeelwhenitisintherightposition,andpressedairwilldriveabladethroughthestalk(莖)atahighforcetogetacleancut.

Itssuccessrateishigh,with91%ofthecropaccuratelyclassified,accordingtoastudypublishedinJuly.Buttherobotisstillmuchslowerthanhumans,taking31secondsonaveragetopickonelettuce.Researcherssaythiscouldeasilybespedupbyusinglightermaterials.

Suchadjustmentshavetobemadeiftherobotisusedcommercially."Ourgoalwastoprovewecandoit,andwe'vedoneitnow,"SimonBirrell,co-authorofthestudy,said,"Nowitdependsonsomebodytakingtheba-ton(接力棒)andrunningforward.”1.What'sthepurposeofmentioningpickingstrawberriesinParagraph1?

A.Tofuelreaders'interest

B.Toshowthehighspeedofpickingfruits

C.Toindicatecropscanbeeasilydamaged

D.Toimplymachinescan'thandlesoftfruits

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Itisimpossibletoenabletherobottorunforward.

B.HumanpickerswillbereplacedbytheVegebotsoon.

C.Apioneerisneededtopromotethedevelopmentoftherobot.

D.TheVegebotwillbemarketedaroundtheglobesoon.

3.FromthepassageweknowtheVegebot______.

A.usesamachinelearningalgorithmtoharvest

B.isdevelopedbyhumanpickers

C.performsfasterthanhumanpickers

D.canbeacceleratedbyusingartificialmaterials

4.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Theresultofsensors'cuttingthestalk.

B.TheprocessoftheVegebot'sharvestingthelettuce.

C.Theworkingofthecamera'sscanningthelettuce.

D.Theresultforthecamera'sguidingthepickingcage.D

TheacceleratingmeltingoftheHimalayanglaciersthreatensthewatersupplyofmillionsofpeopleinAsia,newresearchwarns.Thestudy,ledbytheUniversityofLeeds,concludesthatoverrecentdecadestheHimalayanglaciershavelosticetentimesmorequicklyoverthelastfewdecadesthanthatonaveragesincethelastmajorglacierexpansion400-700yearsago,aperiodknownastheLittleIceAge.

ThestudyalsorevealsthattheHimalavanglaciersareshrinkingfarmorerapidlythanglaciersinotherpartsoftheworld—arateoflosstheresearchersdescribeas"exceptional".Thepaper,publishedinScientificReports,madeareconstructionofthesizeandicesurfacesof14,798HimalayanglaciersduringtheLittleIceAge.Theresearcherscalculatethattheglaciershavelostaround40percentoftheirarea—shrinkingfromapeakof28,000km2toaround19,600km2today.

TheHimalayanmountainrangeishometotheworld'sthird-largestamountofglacierice,afterAntarcticaandtheArcticandisoftenreferredtoas"theThirdPole".TheaccelerationofmeltingoftheHimalayanglaciershassignificantimpactsonhundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhodependonAsia'smajorriversystemsforfoodandenergy.

TheHimalayanglaciersaregenerallylosingicemuchfasterintheeasternregions.Thestudysuggeststhisvariationisprobablyduetodifferencesingeographicalfeaturesonthetwosidesofthemountainrangeandtheirinteractionwiththeatmosphere.

DrCarrivick,theleaderofthestudy,said,"Whilewemustacturgentlytoreduceandrelievetheimpactofhuman-madeclimatechangeontheglaciersandmeltwater-fedrivers,themodellingofthatimpactonglaciersmustalsotakeaccountoftheroleoffactorssuchaslakesanddebris(雜物垃圾)."1.WhatmaybetheresultoftheacceleratingmeltingoftheHimalayanglaciers?

A.Himalayanisgettingwarmer.

B.ThewholeworldisgoingtowardsIceAge.

C.TheArcticglaciersexpandfrequently.

D.Asia'swater,foodandenergyareunderthreat.

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Climatechangeisthemaincauseofthemeltingofglaciers.

B.Thestudycametoitsconclusionaftersomeexperiments.

C.TheHimalayanglaciershavethelargestamountofice.

D.TheHimalayanglaciershavelosticesinceitexisted.

3.WhyaretheeasternregionsoftheHimalayanglacierslosingicemuchfaster?

A.Becauseoftheactivitiesofmountainclimbers.

B.Becauseofthetimeofsunlight.

C.Becauseoftheamountofglacierice.

D.Becauseofdifferentlandforms.

4.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Asianpeopleareindangerofwatersupply

B.TheeasternregionofHimalayameltsfaster

C.Himalayanglaciersaremeltingatanunusualrate

D.TheHimalayanmountainrangehasmoreglacierice第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asmanycountriesgoonnation-widelockdownstobattleCOVID-19,morepeoplearoundtheworldarestayingathome,leadingalifesimilartowhatmanyChinesebeganamonthago.①______.Workingathome.Inordertocreateacomfortableworkingenvironment,purchasingsomeofficegoodswillhelpyouconcentratemoreonyourwork.LiuJian,a28-year-oldITengineerinBeijing,toldtheGlobalTimesthatheusedremoteworkingsoftwaretocontrolthecomputerathisofficethroughhislaptopathome.②______"Itusedtotakeanhourandahalftoarriveatmyofficebysubway,butnowIcanspendmoretimeonmyworkandlife,whichmademefeelthingsaren'tthatbadformeduringtheepidemic."hesaid.Readingtime.ManyChinesediscoveredthattheydon'thavemuchtimetoreadbooksastheyhadwanted.③______Somereadingappshavealsoreleasedmanye-booksandaudioversionsofbooksforfreetoenrichpeople'slives.ChenRan,29,toldtheGlobalTimesthatsheiscurrentlyreadingthebookLittleWomen.plannedtowatchthefilmLittleWomen,butwaspostponedduetoCOVID-19,soIdecidedtoreadthebookfirstand1willbetterunderstandthefilmversion."saidChen.④______Sincegymshaveallshutdown,manyChinesehaveturnedtotrainingappsorwatchingonlineexerciseprogramsathome.GaoWen,a52-year-oldwomanlivinginTianjin,toldtheGlobalTimesthatsheusedtotakeyogaclassinanearbyfitnesscenterbuthasnowturnedtoonlineclasses.“⑤______ButthegoodthingisthatIcanchooseanyteacherIlikeonlinewithoutbeingboundbygeographicrestrictions.”Gaosaid,addingthattheteachershechoseisfarmoreprofessionalthanheroldcoachnearherhome.A．Self-improvement.B．Exercisingathome.C．Thedrawbackisthatouryogacoachcannotcorrectmymovements.D．HerearesometipsthatChinesearesharingfordealingbeingstuckathome.E．However,cookingmealstogetherwillhelpyoudevelopacloserrelationshipwithyourfamily.F．Healsoboughtadeskandacomfortableofficechairtocreateaworkingenvironmentathome.G．Manybookstoresande-commerceplatformsoffereddeliveryservicesforbooksduringtheepidemic.第二部分語言知識運用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

95-year-oldPaulineKanaandhergrandsonRossSmithhaveabondunlikeanyother.At95,Pauline“Granny”Kanaislivinga(n)

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thatismorecolorfulthanmostpeopleofherage.She'sacomedicsocialmedia

2

thatcanbefoundshootingguns,reviewingthecoo-lestproductsontheInternet,and

3

inmatchingoutfits(服裝)withhergrandsonRossSmithonhissocialmediapages.She's

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as“GangstarGranny”.KanaandSmithdojustabouteverythingandanythinginvideos.

Itall

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aboutfiveyearsago,whenSmithwasacollege

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attheUniversityofDayton.Onedayhe

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avideoaskinghisgrandmatoblockoneofhisbasketballshotsanditwentviral.Theirhumoris

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.EveryoneknowsGrannyisfunny.

Thegrandmotherandgrandson'svideosweren't

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atfirst.So,Smithwentonto

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anMBAandplayprofessionalfootballinEurope.

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,hefoundthathe'dmuchrather

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withhisgrandmaandmakesillyvideos.Hebelievedhewas

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tomakeitpayoffforhimandhisgrandmother.Grandmadidn't

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participating-shethoughtshewasjustposingfor

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forthefirstthreeyears-anddidn'treallyhaveany

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howbigtheirreachwasuntilSmithboughtheraniPadforChristmaswhereshewasabletoseethevideosontheInternetandseehowmanypeopletheywerereaching.

ThegrandmotherandgrandsonhaveaTVshowintheworksandarehopingtoraisemoneyforAlzheimer’s(老年癡呆癥)

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.RossSmithtriestogivehisgrandmothermoneybutshewon't

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it.Shegrewuppoorand

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tolethimbuyheranewhouse.Shelikestheoneshelivesin.Butheiscomingupwithaplansothathecandumpfundsintoher

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account.1.A.lie

B.life

C.dream

D.little

2.A.fan

B.maker

C.star

D.founder

3.A.joining

B.competing

C.designing

D.posing

4.A.known

B.elected

C.treated

D.appointed

5.A.faded

B.started

C.finished

D.changed

6.A.teacher

B.student

C.professor

D.worker

7.A.posted

B.watched

C.heard

D.imagined

8.A.mobile

B.logical

C.universal

D.electronic

9.A.profitable

B.powerful

C.accessible

D.classical

10.A.draw

B.list

C.hunt

D.pursue

11.A.Exactly

B.Frequently

C.Eventually

D.Absolutely

12.A.makeup

B.hangout

C.comeup

D.breakup

13.A.able

B.easy

C.ready

D.willing

14.A.forget

B.regret

C.ignore

D.mind

15.A.reputation

B.programs

C.photos

D.money

16.A.fact

B.vision

C.truth

D.idea

17.A.story

B.discovery

C.research

D.safety

18.A.permit

B.take

C.bring

D.admit

19.A.refuses

B.decides

C.hopes

D.promises

20.A.social

B.email

C.public

D.bank第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。?

Morethan2,000yearsago,Chengduwasthreatenedbyfrequentfloods.LiBing,togetherwithhisson,decidedtoconstructanirrigationsystemontheMinjiangRiver①______(prevent)flooding.Afterhavingalongstudyandmuchhardwork,thegreatDujiangyanIrrigationSystemwascompleted.Sincethen,theChengduPlain

②______freeoffloodingandthepeopletherehavebeenlivingpeacefullyandwealthily.

Itis③______(old)andonlysurvivingno-damirrigationsystemintheworld.Itisalso

④______wonderinthedevelopmentofChinesescience.Theproject⑤______(consist)ofthreeimportantparts,namelyYuzui,FeishayanandBaopingkou,whichweredesignedtocontrolthewaterflowoftherivers.

ThereisagloriousbridgecalledtheAnlanCableBridgecrossingtheMinjiangRiveraboveYuzui,

⑥______youcanclearlyseetheentiresystem.Thegreatconstruction⑦______(original)startedbeforetheSongDynasty.Atthattime,thebodyofthebridgewasconstructed

⑧______woodenblocksandthehandrails(扶手)weremadeofbamboo.Recentlythewoodandbamboohavebeenreplacedwithsteelandconcretetoguaranteethesecurityof⑨______(visit)fromhomeandabroad.Seenfromafar,thebridgelookslikearainbow⑩______(hang)overtheriver.第三部分寫作第一節(jié)短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意:

1每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

2只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

WhenIwenttoNewYorkCitytovisitmyauntandcousin,itisaveryhotJuly,soshewastryingtofindaplaceforustoswim.FindapoolinNewYorkCitywasnoteasy.Manypoolscostalot,andshedidn'tearnmanyasawaitress.ShecalledupherfriendCharlie,becausehealwayshadsomebrilliantidea.Hewassuggestedthatwegotohisboss'spoolparty.

Theyworkedinthetelevisionindustryoralwaysthrewpartieswithmanyactors.Charliesaidthatwewouldbeassumedtobeactresses.Whenwearrivedthepool,noonepaidusanyspecialattention.Therefore,atacertainpoint,myfourteen-year-oldcousinsawamanandbegantoyell,"It'sWillSmith!"Finally,shegotuskickoutoftheparty,Later,welearnedthatthemanwasn'tWillSmith.ItwasactualCharlie'sboss.第二節(jié)書面表達假定你是李華。你剛從英國回國,結(jié)束了為期五天的旅游,感謝好友Rick的款待。得知他對中國文化非常感興趣,特別是端午節(jié),請你寫一封信介紹中國的端午節(jié)。內(nèi)容包括:1.感謝他的招待;2.介紹中國的端午節(jié)(時間,意義,風俗等);3.歡迎他明年來中國過端午。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.開頭和結(jié)尾已寫好,不計入總字數(shù)。DearRick,

Howiseverythinggoing?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bestwishes.?Yourssincerely,LiHua

答案以及解析第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：1-3BCD

解析：1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"GreaterWhitsundayAlliance(GW3)islookingforawillingandexperiencedindustryorcommunityleaderfromtheWhitsundayregionwhoispassionateabouttheeconomicdevelopmentofthegreaterWhitsundayregiontojointheGW3boardasvolunteer,non-executivedirector."GreaterWhitsunday聯(lián)盟正在尋找一位愿意和有經(jīng)驗的行業(yè)或社區(qū)領(lǐng)袖,來自惠特森德地區(qū),對GreaterWhitsunday地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展充滿熱情,以志愿者、非執(zhí)行董事的身份加入GW3董事會,在結(jié)合選項可知GreaterWhitsunday的退休經(jīng)濟學家更適合這個職位。故選B。

2.數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)最后一段"MultiplevolunteerpositionsavailableatRedCrossShopsacrossMetroMelbourne.MondaytoSunday(minimumoftwofour-hourshiftsperweek)fromthestartofDecembertoFebruary29th."墨爾本地鐵站的紅十字會商店,有多個志愿者職位空缺,從12月初到2月29日,星期一到星期日(每周至少兩班,每班4小時),可知每周要工作8小時,而從12月初到2月29日是三個月,大約是13周,所以總共工作13×8=104小時。故選C。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"YourcommitmenttovolunteeringattheMuseumishighlyvaluedbyArmyMuseumNorthQueensland,theAustralianArmyHistoryUnitandtheAustralianDefenceForce.TheroleofvolunteersisimportantinenhancingMuseumactivitiesandprovidingprogramsandservicesthatwouldnototherwisebeavailable."北昆士蘭陸軍博物館、澳大利亞陸軍歷史部門和澳大利亞國防軍高度重視你在博物館志愿服務(wù)的承諾。志愿者在加強博物館活動和提供其他情況下無法提供的項目和服務(wù)方面發(fā)揮著重要作用?？芍狦alleryAttendant有關(guān)于軍事方面的博物館,所以軍事迷最感興趣的是GalleryAttendant,故選D。B答案：1.B;2.D;3.A;4.C

解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知,作者是一名新聞工作者。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知,運動員并不是唯一在奧運會上竭盡全力的人。組織者、志愿者和醫(yī)護人員在抗擊疫情的過程中不辭辛勞。他們共同幫助中國履行了舉辦一場精簡、安全,精彩的奧運會的承諾。這是大家共同努力的結(jié)果。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知,中國如期舉辦了冬季奧運會被認為是一個巨大的成功,而完全符合標準的場地大大超過了許多人的預期。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容一作者見證了北京冬奧會、冬殘奧會的成功舉辦,又看到運動員獲得中央政府授予的最高榮譽可知,作者寫這篇文章時的心情很激動。C答案：1.D;2.C;3.A;4.B

解析：1.推理判斷題。由第一段中“manyfruitsandvegetableshaveprovedresistanttoautomation”一句可知,許多水果和蔬菜難以被機器人采滴。所以此處提到摘草莓是為了表明機器人無法采滴草莓這類的水果。

2.句意推斷題。畫線部分的字面意思是:現(xiàn)在需要一個拿著接力棒向前跑的人。由此可以推斷,目前,由于這種采摘機器人在技術(shù)上還有很多缺點,需要一個開拓者繼續(xù)推動研發(fā)工作。因此選C。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“theVegebotisthefirstrobotthatcanidentifyandharvesticeberglettuce”和第四段首句可知,采灣機器人是利用機器學習算法來工作的。故選A。

4.主旨大意題。由第四段可知,本段講的是采摘機器人收割卷心萵苣的過程。因此選B。D答案：1.D;2.A;3.D;4.C

解析：1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"TheacceleratingmeltingoftheHimalayanglaciersthreatensthewatersupplyofmillionsofpeopleinAsia,newresearchwarns.(一項新的研究警告說,喜馬拉雅冰川的加速融化威脅著亞洲數(shù)百萬人的水源供應(yīng)。)"和第三段最后一句"TheaccelerationofmeltingoftheHimalayanglaciershassignificantimpactsonhundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhodependonAsia'smajorriversystemsforfoodandenergy.(喜馬拉雅冰川的加速融化對依賴亞洲州主要河流系統(tǒng)提供食物和能源的數(shù)億人產(chǎn)生了重大影響。)"可知,喜馬拉雅冰川加速融化的結(jié)果可能是亞洲的水、糧食和能源受到威脅。故選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Whilewemustacturgentlytoreduceandrelievetheimpactofhuman-madeclimatechangeontheglaciersandmeltwater-fedrivers,themodellingofthatimpactonglaciersmustalsotakeaccountoftheroleoffactorssuchaslakesanddebris（雜物垃圾)。(雖然我們必須緊急采取行動,減少和減輕人為氣候變化對冰川和融水河流的影響,但在模擬這種對冰川的影響時,還必須考慮到湖泊和巖屑等因素的作用。)"可知,冰川加速融化的主因還是氣候變化。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的"Thestudysuggeststhisvariationisprobablyduetodifferencesingeographicalfeaturesonthetwosidesofthemountainrangeandtheirinteractionwiththeatmosphere—resultingindifferentweatherpatterns.(該研究表明,這種變化可能是由于山脈兩側(cè)的地理特征的差異以及它們與大氣的相互作用—導致了不同的天氣模式。)"可知,喜馬拉雅山脈東部地區(qū)的冰川融化速度更快是因為地形不同。故選D。

4.主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段的"TheacceleratingmeltingoftheHimalayanglaciersthreatensthewatersupplyofmillionsofpeopleinAsia,newresearchwarns.(一項新的研究警告說,喜馬拉雅冰川的加速融化威脅著亞洲州數(shù)百萬人的水源供應(yīng)。)"可知,本文主要講的是喜馬拉雅冰川正在以異常的速度融化,因此最恰當?shù)念}目是C選項"Himalayanglaciersaremeltingatanunusualrate(喜馬拉雅冰川正在以不尋常的速度融化)",故選C。第二節(jié)答案：DFGBC解析：①根據(jù)上文“Asmanycountriesgoonnation-widelockdownstobattleCOVID-19,morepeoplearoundtheworldarestayingathome,leadingalifesimilartowhatmanyChinesebeganamonthago.(隨著許多國家為抗擊新冠肺炎疫情而在全國范圍內(nèi)實施封鎖，世界各地越來越多的人呆在家里，過著與一個月前許多中國人開始的生活類似的生活。)”和下文中的小標題可知，空處承上啟下，說明要提出一些中國人封鎖在家里的活動。D項：HerearesometipsthatChinesearesharingfordealingbeingstuckathome.(這里有一些中國人分享的應(yīng)對困在家的建議。)符合語境。故選D。②根據(jù)段落小標題“Workingathome.(在家工作)”可知，本段主要講述的問題的在家辦公，F(xiàn)項中的“officechair”和“workingenvironmentathome”與標題對應(yīng)。F項：Healsoboughtadeskandacomfortableofficechairtocreateaworkingenvironmentathome.(他還買了一張桌子和一把舒適的辦公椅，以便在家里創(chuàng)造一個工作環(huán)境。)符合語境。故選F。③根據(jù)段落小標題“Readingtime.(閱讀時間)”可知，本段內(nèi)容和閱讀有關(guān)，G項中的“bookstores”和“e-commerceplatforms”與標題對應(yīng)。G項：Manybookstoresande-commerceplatformsoffereddeliveryservicesforbooksduringtheepidemic.(疫情期間，多家書店和電商平臺提供圖書配送服務(wù)。)符合語境。故選G。④空處為段落小標題。根據(jù)下文“Sincegymshaveallshutdown,manyChinesehaveturnedtotrainingappsorwatchingonlineexerciseprogramsathome.(由于健身房全部關(guān)閉，許多中國人轉(zhuǎn)向了訓練應(yīng)用程序或在家觀看在線健身節(jié)目。)”可知，本段內(nèi)容和鍛煉有關(guān)。B項：Exercisingathome.(在家鍛煉。)符合語境。故選B。⑤根據(jù)下文“ButthegoodthingisthatIcanchooseanyteacherIlikeonlinewithoutbeingboundbygeographicrestrictions.(但好處是，我可以選擇任何我喜歡的老師在線，而不受地域限制。)”可知，空處和下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明在線學習瑜伽的缺點。C項：Thedrawbackisthatouryogacoachcannotcorrectmymovements.(缺點是我們的瑜伽教練不能糾正我的動作。)符合語境。故選C。第二部分語言知識運用第一節(jié)答案：1.B;2.C;3.D;4.A;5.B;6.B;7.A;8.C;9.A;10.D;11.C;12.B;13.A;14.D;15.C;16.D;17.C;18.B;19.A;20.D

解析：1.考查名詞?，F(xiàn)年95歲的PaulineKana奶奶過著比同齡人更豐富多彩的生活。

2.考查名詞。她是一個喜劇社交媒體明星。

3.考查動詞。和她的孫子搭配好服裝,擺姿勢拍視頻發(fā)到社交媒體頁面。

4.考查動詞。她被稱為“黑幫明星奶奶”。

5.考查動詞。這一切都始于五年前。

6.考查名詞。當時RossSmith還是代頓大學的一名大學生。

7.考查動詞。有一天,他發(fā)布了一段視頻,要求他的奶奶阻止他的一次投籃,該視頻在網(wǎng)上被瘋傳。

8.考查形容詞。他們的幽默是大眾化的。每個人都知道奶奶很有趣。

9.考查形容詞。奶奶和孫子的視頻起初并不賺錢。

10.考查動詞。因此,RossSmith繼續(xù)攻讀MBA,并在歐洲踢職業(yè)足球。

11.考查副詞。最終,他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更愿意和奶奶在一起,拍一些“愚蠢”的視頻。

12.考查動詞短語。參見上一題解析。

13.考查形容詞。他相信他能夠讓他和他的奶奶都得到回報。

14.考查動詞。奶奶并不介意參與其中。

15.考查名詞。前三年她以為她只是擺姿勢照相。

16.考查名詞。她根本不知道他們的影響力有多大,直到RossSmith給她買了一個Pad作為圣誕節(jié)禮物,她能看到在網(wǎng)上的視頻。了解有多少人關(guān)注他們。

17.考查名詞。這對祖孫組合有一個電視節(jié)目作品,希望為老年癡呆癥研究籌集資金。

18.考查動詞。RossSmith試圖給他奶奶錢但是她不愿意接受

19.考查動詞。她出身貧寒,拒絕讓他給她買新房子。

20.考查名詞。但他正在想辦法把錢存入她的銀行賬戶。第二節(jié)答案：1.toprevent2.hasbeen3.theoldest4.a5.consists6.where7.originally8.with9.visitors10.hanging

解析：本文主要介紹了成都都江堰水利工程的建造過程、歷史作用以及該工程的現(xiàn)狀。1.toprevent【考查非謂語動詞。由語境可知,李冰父子在岷江設(shè)計灌溉系統(tǒng)的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛濫,故此處應(yīng)當用表示目的的動詞不定式。】2.hasbeen【考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:從那時起,成都平原不再受洪水侵擾,人們過著和平、富裕的生活。由句中的時間狀語Sincethen可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時。】3.theoldest【考查形容詞最高級的用法。根據(jù)句中表示范圍的地,點狀語intheworld可知,都江堰工程是世界上現(xiàn)存最古老的無壩水利工程,因此要用最高級.】4.a【考查冠詞用法。句意:它也是中國科學發(fā)展史上的一個奇跡。這里泛指“一個奇跡”,故用不定冠詞?！?.consists【考查動詞時態(tài)。這里表達的是一種客觀事實,故用