滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit-3-講解及練習(xí)

滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit_3_講解及練習(xí)滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit_3_講解及練習(xí)滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit_3_講解及練習(xí)xxx公司滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit_3_講解及練習(xí)文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit3講解及練習(xí)滬教牛津版八年級(jí)下Unit3講解及練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：短語kindof......一種cutting剪紙to到達(dá)（某數(shù)量、程度等）；至多有off出發(fā)、動(dòng)身....around拴....在...的周圍pieceof一片、一條anddown起伏、上下波動(dòng)thefrontof在...的前面...into把...扔進(jìn)dark天黑后、黃昏后more不再、再也不up抬頭看、查詢up撫養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)育、教養(yǎng)of數(shù)百萬...from...用....做成thetime一直...into把...變成on上演out剪成madeof由...做成theshapeof以......的形狀to靠近one’sattention得到某人的關(guān)注up張貼、掛句型todosth過去常常做某事sthtodosth用...去做某事goodatdoingsth擅長(zhǎng)做某事readyforsth為...做好準(zhǔn)備sb/sthadj使某人/某物....usedtodosth被用來做某事usedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事sb/sthadj使某人/某物....+adj原級(jí)+as和......一樣語法：被動(dòng)語態(tài)netsarerequiredforthistypeoffishing.這種捕魚方式不需要網(wǎng)。fishingwasoncepratisedinlotsofplacesinSouth-EastChina...曾經(jīng)中國(guó)東南部很多地方從事鸕鶿捕魚業(yè)......musicshowwillbeheldintheschoolhallat.onTuesday,4May.5月4日星期二下午4點(diǎn)，將在學(xué)校大廳舉行音樂表演。說明：句1是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句2是一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句3是一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。英語的語態(tài)有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。1.基本構(gòu)成be+過去分詞Footballisplayedallovertheworld.足球風(fēng)靡世界。Isitmadeofbamboo它是用竹子做的嗎2.基本變法主動(dòng)語態(tài)謂語其余部分被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語謂語賓語其余部分賓語提前做主語，主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，謂語變?yōu)閎e+過去分詞，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)主動(dòng)語態(tài)來確定。3.省去by的幾個(gè)條件(1)不知道、沒必要或不想說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。Riceisgrownwellthere.(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)說明動(dòng)作的承受者IwassenttoteachthemEnglish.(3)漢語中有“據(jù)說、大家說”等Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouse.4.各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)am/is/are+過去分詞IamoftengivengiftsbyTom.ThethingsonshowareallmadeinChina.Istheroomcleanedeveryday(2)一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/were+過去分詞Jimwasaskedtogothere.Thevisitorswerestoppedfromleavingthetopofthemountainbytheheavysnow.(3)一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)willbe+過去分詞或者am/is/are+過去分詞Lotsoftreeswillbeplantedonthehillnextyear.Thechildrenwon’tbeallowedtogooutatnight.Isthebridgegoingtobebuiltbytheworkersnextyear5.特殊情況：復(fù)合賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)句中，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加上to.主動(dòng)：Thebossmadeherworkfor10hoursaday.被動(dòng)：shewasmadetoworkfor10hoursaday.詞組：一，bemadeof用……制成（物理變化,看得出原材料）例如：bemadeofwood由……制成

bemadefrom由……制成（化學(xué)變化,看不出原材料）例如：Thewineismadefromgrapes.酒是用葡萄釀造的

bemadeby由（人）制成例如：Thetablewasmadebythecarpenter.這張桌子是木匠做的.

bemadeinto被制成例如：Thewoodwasmadeintodesks.木頭被制成了課桌.

bemadeupof由……組成例如：Ourclassismadeupof45students.我們班由45名學(xué)生組成.二，beusedtodo的意思是被用來做某事;beusedtodoing的意思是習(xí)慣于做某事.to是介詞,后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞.

usedto+do："過去常常"表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),但如今已不存在.

Apairofscissorisusedtocutpaper.Tomisusedtotakingawalk.(現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步)Motherusednottobesoforgetful.

Tomusedtotakeawalk.(過去常常散步)

練習(xí)：’tyouseethesigh“NoParking!”ontheright---Sorry,Ididn’t.ButnowIknowparking_______here.’tallowed’tallowed’tallow’tallow_____totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.invitedinvitedinvitednewpark_______inourhometownnextyear.----ReallyOurhometownmustbemorebeautiful.buildbebuiltbuiltme,I’mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.----Sorry.Thebookyouaskforis______out.sellingoutsoldsellingbesold5.Eachyearquitealotoffood______aroundtheworld.It’sreallytimeforustodosomething.wastedwastedbewasted_____alongtheroadlastyear.plantedplanted7.Itissaidanewmuseum_______inourcitynextyear.buildingbebuiltbuiltshelikesingingEnglishsongs---Yes,she_____tosingEnglishsongsinherroom.doesoftenheardhearsheard練習(xí)：一、根據(jù)提示完成單詞1.WhatdoesyourmotherlooklikeCanyoud_______her2.Tomoftentakesexercise,soheisveryf______.3.Youneedapairofs_______tomakepapercuttings.4.Theflightwillr_______Beijingat9:00.Let’spickherupattheairport.5.Mygrandfatherisaf_______.Hemakesalivingbyfishing.二、用所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空6.Tomoftenpractises_________(speak)Chinesewithhisfriend.7.Therearetwo__________(fisherman)ontheboat.8.Glassis_________(made)intobottles.9.Youngtreesrequire__________(plant)inSpring.10.Ilikethekiteverymuch.It’svery________(love).三、單選11.Halfanhour______,theyreturnedschool.,Moyan’snovel,please.---Sorry,it______justnow.Butitwillcomeoutagainsoon.beensoldoutsoldoutsoldoutsoldout13.Today,theforestshavealmostgone;wemuststoppeople_____downtoomanytrees.cutcuttingcut14.______peoplecometoJilintovisitMountChangbaieveryyear.A.MillionsofB.MillionofC.MillionsD.Million15.Iknow______aboutJapanese.Youmaygoandaskhim.fewlittleclassroomisreallybrightandclean.---It____afterschooleveryday.cleanedcleanedsoon______allthework_____----Inaweek.;finish;goingtofinish;befinished;goingtobefinishedbedlooksverynice.What’sitmade______----Wood,anditismade_____Shanghai.;in;in;