現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法

現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法1分詞在句子中作狀語，可以表示時間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞做狀語時，它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Usingwhatyouknowofwordstemsandwordformations,youcanmakeaguessatthemeaningofanewword.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,laughingandtalking.Accompaniedbyhisfriend,hewenttotherailwaystation.Givenbetterattention,theplantscouldgrowbetter.Helookedtiredanddepressed,visiblydisturbedbythenewsofhismother'sillness.分詞在句子中作狀語，使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動賓或被動關(guān)系用過去分詞。Nothavingenoughhands,weturnedtothemforhelp.(wedon'thaveenoughhands).Taughtbymistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandledouraffairsbetter.(Wearetaught/teachus).InspiredbytheInternational,theworkingpeopleofallcountrieshavebeenfightingfortheirfinalliberation.(Theworkingpeoplewereinspired/inspiretheworkingpeople)theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedge.A)HavingbelievedB)BelievingC)BelievedD)Beingbelieved意為：相信地球是平的，許多人擔(dān)心哥倫布會從邊上掉下去。許多人與相信之間是主謂關(guān)系，及分詞與主語之間為主謂關(guān)系，因此，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。Nomatterhowfrequently__,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.A)performingB)performedC)tobeperformedD)beingperformed句中貝多芬的作品被反復(fù)表演，可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞。asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.A)BeingpublishedB)PublishedC)PublishingD)Tobepublished句中as引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，意為：他的作品盡管在被這樣的時候出版，還是引起了關(guān)注，可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞。2“while(when,once,until,if,though等連詞)+分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時，有時可以在分詞前加while，when,once,although,until,if等連詞。Whenleavingtheairport,shewavedagainandagaintous.Whilewaitingforthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithmysisteraboutherwork.Oncerecovered,hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.Althoughworkingveryhard,hefailedtopassthefinalexam.Iftranslatedwordbyword,thepassagewillbedifficulttounderstand.3分詞作定語分詞作定語時，單個的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面?，F(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系)，過去分詞修飾承受該動作的名詞(即與名詞是動賓關(guān)系)。Wewillgoonwithourexperimentassoonaswegettheaddedfund.Thisisreallyanexhaustingdaytoallofus!Wecanseethepartofthemoonlightedbysunlight.Afteranightspentinexcitementandsleeplessness,Iforcedmyselftotakealongwalkalongthebeachthenextday.Moreandmoredevelopingcountriesestablishedstrategicpartnershipwithdevelopedcountries.TheyoungsittingbetweenmysisterandmybrotherismycousinJack.Asearlyas1649Ohiomadeadecisionthatfree,tax-supportedschoolsmustbeestablishedineverytown50householdsormore.(98,1)A)havingB)tohaveC)tohavehadD)havinghadTown后面由分詞做定語，而且town本身有50或以上人家，故town與分詞間為主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞。4分詞作賓語補足語現(xiàn)在分詞在see,watch,hear,observe,notice,feel,find,glimpse,glance等感官動詞和lookat,listento等短語動詞，以及have,keep,get,catch,leave,set,start,send等使役動詞后面與名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，作賓語補卜語的成分。Onthetopofthehill,wecouldseesmokerisingfromthechimneysinthevillage.Thelittleboysatbesidetherailwaylineandwatchedthetrainsroaringby.Weshouldnotleavehimwonderingwhatheshoulddo.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.Icaughthimdozingoffinclass.過去分詞可以在allow,ask,consider,desire,expect,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,like,make,observe,order,permit,prefer,remember,request,require,see,urge動詞等后面作賓語補足語。Aftermyencounterwithher,Ifoundmyselfgreatlyshaken.Youshouldkeepherinformedofwhatisgoingonhere.Theteacherexpectedthestudentswellpreparedfortheexamination.在動詞see,hear,feel,watch,notice，perceive，observe,listento,lookat后既可用現(xiàn)在分詞做補語，也可用不定式做補語。用現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進行用不定式表示的動作的全過程已經(jīng)完成。IsawMr.Whitegetoffabus.IsawMr.Whitelookingintoashopwindow.Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?Yes,Idid.Iheardhimknockthreetimes.5分詞作表語分詞作表語通常看作形容詞來用?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)，而且主語多為物；過去分詞表示主語的感受或狀態(tài)，主語多為人。Thefilm“PearlHarbor”isreallyexciting.Iamexcitedaboutit.Hisresponsetothequestionwasquitedisappointing.Ifeltdisappointedathisresponse.分詞練習(xí)AftertheArabstateswonindependence,greatemphasiswaslaidonexpandingeducation,withgirlsaswellboystogotoschool.(97,1)A)tobeencouragedB)beenencouragedC)beingencouragedD)beencouraged2,,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.(97,6)A)OtherthingsbeingequalB)WereotherthingsequalC)TobeequaltootherthingsD)OtherthingstobeequalAllthings,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.(98,6)A)consideredB)beconsideredC)consideringD)havingconsideredThehousewasveryquiet,asitwasonthesideofamountain.(99,6)A)isolatedB)isolatingC)beingisolatedD)havingbeenisolatedThiscrophassimilarqualitiestothepreviousone,bothwind-resistantandadaptedtothesametypeofsoil.(99,6)A)beingB)beenC)tobeD)havingbeenCornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfounditinCuba.(00,1)A)beingcultivatedB)beencultivatedC)havingcultivatedD)cultivating7,inthisway,thesituationdoesn'tseemsodisappointing.(00,1)A)TolookB)LookingatC)LookedatD)TobelookedatYouwillseethisproductwhereveryougo.(00,6)A)tobeadvertisedB)advertisedC)advertiseD)advertisinginarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshiptotaling21,000dollars.(00,12)A)TobejudgedthebestB)havingjudgedthebestC)JudgedthebestD)JudgingthebestFromthedatesontheplates,wedecidedthattheyweremadeinSongDynasty.A)markingB)havingbeenmarkedC)markedD)tobemarkedShestoodbythewindow,.A)thinkingB)thinkC)thoughtD)thinkstomeetanybody,hewentinfromthebackdoor.A)NotwishingB)WishingC)NotwishedD)NowishingTheeditorialnowwillappearintomorrow'snewspaper.A)writingB)towriteC)beingwrittenD)writeItnowprettylate,wetookourthingsandretiredtoourroom.A)isB)beingC)turnedD)gotwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A)WhencomparedB)WhilecomparingC)CompareD)ComparingTheoldmancameupstairswithgreatstrength,hisrighthandastickforsupport.A)heldB)holdingC)beingholdingD)washoldingthreetimesinarow,theboxerdecidetogiveupfighting.A)havingdefeatedB)TohavedefeatedC)havingbeendefeatedD)Tohavebeendefeatedneglectingoureducation,myfathersentmetoschool.A)AccusedofB)AccusingofC)TobeaccusedofD)Thathewasaccusedofmainlyfortheinventionofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBelldevotedhislifetohelpingthedeaf.A)HeisrememberedB)WhilebeingrememberedC)ToberememberedD)Thoughrememberedthattheyarefreshfromuniversity,theyoungpeoplehavedoneagoodjob.A)GivenB)BecauseC)GivingD)Asonaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgivehimasenseofinfinitepeace.A,IfwalkingB)WhilewalkingC)WalkingD)WhenoneiswalkingIunderstoodyouwerethird-yearstudentsinEnglish.A)whomajorsB)whomajorisC)havemajoredD)majoringAcoolrainwasfalling,withsnow.A)mixedB)mixingC)tomixD)havingmixedbythepolice,thekidnappershadnochoicebuttosurrender.A)SurroundedB)SurroundingC)havingsurroundedD)Tobesurroundedequaleducationalopportunities,AmericanIndiansinthereservationsremainedbackwardandilliterateforalongtime.A)DeprivedoffB)DeprivingoffC)DeprivedofD)DeprivingofAlltheexampapers,theteachersenttheclasshome.A)havingbeenhandedinB)havinghandsinC)handinginD)beinghandedinin1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A)FoundingB)ItwasfoundedC)BeingfoundedD)FoundedTherenofreshdrinkingwaterandnogoodfarmland,itwasnotacomfortableplaceinwhichtolive.A)beB)wasC)wereD)being29,inBeijingforquiteafewyears,Mr.ParkhadlittledifficultyunderstandingChinese.A)havinglivedB)LivedC)LivingD)ToliveAnypacketproperlywillnotbeacceptedbythepostoffice.A)nottobewrappedB)notbeingwrappedC)notwrappedD)nothavingbeenwrappedThelabnextyearwillbemoreadvancedthantheoldone.A)builtB)tobebuiltC)beingbuiltD)tobuildAnnawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completelytotheoutsideworld.A)beinglostB)losingC)havinglostD)lostHewassittinginthechair,abook.A)readB)wasreadingC)readingD)withreadingSuchthecase,therewerenogroundstojustifyyourcomplaints.A)isB)wasC)beD)beingPeterisagoodstudent,hisbestsubject.A)asEnglishB)EnglishasC)beingEnglishD)Englishbeing答案:1.C2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.C8B9.C10.C11.A12.A13.C14.B15.A16.B17.C18.A19.D21.D22.D23.A24.A25.C26.A27.D28.D29.A31.B32.D33.C34.D35D20.A30.C

過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞專項練習(xí)I.單項選擇（75%）thehouseonfire,hedialed119.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.BeingseenIfelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofixWe’retolistentohervoice.It'stohearhersing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasureC.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasureapostoffice,Istoppedsomestamps.A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuyC.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuywiththesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.HavingcomparedHerearesomenewcomputerprogramsforhomebuildings.A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesignalittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.A.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.HavingsavedTheteachercameintotheclassroombyhisstudents.A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowedWiththemoney,hecouldn'tbuyanyticket.A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslostTherewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimself.A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hearTheresultofthetestwasrather.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappointI'veneverheardthewordinspokenEnglish.

A.useA.useB.usedC.usingD.beingusedhowtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.A.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.NotknownDeeply__,Ithankedheragainandagain.A.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemovedWithwinteron,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.comingtheoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.A.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.HavingbeenshownHewentfromdoortodoor,wastepapersandmagazines.A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.beinggatheredThestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,theprofessor'ssuggestions.A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowedThepricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reducesPeopleinthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.livingTheforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn'tmakehispoint.A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understoodThescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem.A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settlingThelibrary'sstudyroomisfullofstudentsfortheexam.A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparingThegroundiswithleaves.A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC.covered,fallenD.covering,fallenLessonseasilyweresoonforgotten.Thewalletseveraldaysagowasfoundinthedustbinoutsidethebuilding。A.stolen,hiddenB.stealing,hidingC.stealing,hiddenD.stolen,hidingApersonaforeignlanguagemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguage,allabouthisown.A.tolearn,toforgetB.learning,toforgetC.tolearn,forgettingD.learning,forgettingdifferentkindsofpianos,theworkersfartherimprovedtheirquality.A.ToproduceB.BeingproducedC.ProducedD.HavingproducedThestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.A.comingtoB.Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.A.comingtoB.goingtoC.leadingtoManythingsimpossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.A.considerB.consideringC.consideredmanytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstand.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehavingbeentoldD.turningtoD.beconsideredD.TellingA.tosupportB.supportingC.supportedbyD.havingsupportedChinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,9.6millionsquarekilometres.A.tocoverB.coveredC.coversD.coveringandhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.ASurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.TobesurprisingThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added“Canyouread?”Marysaidtothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointingthecomposition,Johnhandedittotheteacherandwentoutoftheroom.A.WritingB.HavingwrittenC.WrittenD.BeingwrittenWereyouwhenyousawthatwildanimal?A.frightB.frighteningC.frightenedA.frightB.frighteningC.frightenedD.frighten39.Properlywithnumbers,thebookscanbeeasilyfound.A.markedB.markA.markedB.markC.tomarkD.markingThechildsatinthedentist’schairA.trembleB.tremblingC.trembledD.toA.trembleB.tremblingC.trembledD.totrembledAtthismomentthebellrang,theendofclass.A.announceannouncingC.A.announceannouncingC.announcedD.toannounceHewalkeddownthehills,softlytohimself.A.singB.singingC.sungD.A.singB.singingC.sungD.tosingIhadtoshouttomakemyselfabovethenoise.A.heardB.hearingA.heardB.hearingC.hearD.tohearThegraduatingstudentsarebusymaterialfortheirreports.A.collectB.toA.collectB.tocollectC.collectedD.collectingThecarsinBeijingareasgoodasthoseinShanghai.A.produce,produceproduced,producedproduced,producingproducing,producingA.produce