選修七模塊三單詞解釋

Module3--vocabulary1.scenen.scenicadj.onthescene

在現(xiàn)場

behindthescene

在幕后,秘密的,暗中(1)場景;場面

Thefilmcontainsviolentscenes.(2)事發(fā)地點

Thepolicesoonarrivedatthesceneofthecrime.Journalistswereonthescenewithin.(3)景色、景象、景致

Hephotographedawiderangeofstreetscenes.Theboatsintheharbourmakeabeautifulscene.adelightfulruralscene

賞心悅目的鄉(xiāng)村景色2．feedv．喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，提供

①Thedataisthenfedintoacomputer.數(shù)據(jù)隨后被輸入電腦。②Whatdoyoufeedyourdogon?你用什么喂你的狗？③I'mfed_up_withthisdulllife!我受夠了這種枯燥的生活！3.servedthesoupfromthispotatmealtimesserve的主要用法如下：1)為……效勞vt.Childrenmustbeeducatedtoservetheircountrywhentheygrowup.我們應(yīng)該教育孩子長大后要為他們的國家效勞。2)招待(顧客等)vt.Therewasnooneintheshoptoserveus.商店里沒人招待我們。3)供給(飯菜);端上vt.Lunchisserved.午飯已經(jīng)端上來了。Sheservedmeacupofcoffee.她給我端來一杯咖啡。4)服役vi.MyfatherservedinthenavyduringtheSecondWorldWar.我爸爸在二戰(zhàn)期間在海軍服兵役。常用短語：

serveas擔(dān)任;作……用

Mr.Whitewillserveasmayor.懷特先生將擔(dān)任市長。

Thewoodenboxservedasaseat.這個木箱子用作椅子。總結(jié)：4.whispervi.低聲說，耳語(tosb.)Hewhisperedtohersothatnooneelsewouldhear.〔風(fēng)等〕發(fā)出沙沙聲Theleaveswhisperedinthebreeze.樹葉在微風(fēng)中颯颯作響。

vt.低聲說出，耳語到whisperawordinmyear

傳播，謠傳+that從句/about…

Itiswhisperedthathehascancer.Unpleasantthingsarebeingwhisperedabouthiselection.一些有關(guān)他競選的不利傳言正在流傳。n.耳語,低語

speakinawhisper/whispers

謠傳,傳聞that+從句/about…I’veheardwhispersabouthisbankruptcy.5.desperateadj.(1)絕望的,不惜冒險的,不顧一切的,拼命的Timewasrunningoutandweweregettingdesperate.隨著時間一分一秒的溜走，我們很絕望。

Shewasdesperatewithfear.

她絕望中帶著恐懼。(2)desperatefor/todosth.極需要

Hewasdesperatetogetajob.他極需要得到一份工作。

We’reindesperateneedofhelp.我們非常需要幫助。(3)孤注一擲的,成功希望渺茫的

Shemadeadesperate

attempttoescape.

她拼命要逃出去。6.nosooner(+過去完成時)than(+一般過去時):剛……就……(位于句首時，使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))eg.Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthan

thewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.Nosoonerhadhegonetosleepthanthetelephonerangoncemore.他剛一要去睡覺,就又一次的響了。Wehadnosoonerreachedthedoorthanhecameback.我們剛到家門口他就回來了。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有：Hardly/barely/scarcely(+過去完成時)when/before(+一般過去時):剛……就……Wehadhardlygotinwhenitbegantorain.我們剛一進(jìn)來就開始下雨了。Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.他剛一進(jìn)來就開始抱怨。同樣的“否認(rèn)詞〞提前—局部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。not…until結(jié)構(gòu)主要有兩個用法,以下面的句子為例：

Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed(,)wasthemanabletospeak.Hedidn’treturnuntiltwohourslater.知道兩個小時候他才返回來。Notuntiltwohourslaterdidhereturn另外“強調(diào)句中〞

Itwasnotuntiltwohourslaterthathereturned.7.hang的主要用法如下：vi.

懸掛;垂下,披下(hang–hung–hung)Whosejacketisthathangingbehindthedoor?在門后掛的那件夾克式誰的？Herhairhungdownonhershoulders.

她的頭發(fā)垂在肩上。2)vt.掛起；絞死(hang-hanged- hanged)Themanwashangedformurder. 那個男人因為謀殺被吊死。[關(guān)鍵一點]hang作為不同的意義時，其過去式和過去分詞不相同。①Hangoutwithpeoplethatmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.應(yīng)和使你感覺良好的人在一起。②Aphotographofahandsomesoldierhungonthewall.墻上掛著一個英俊軍人的一幅照片。③Themurdererwas

hanged

lastweek.那個殺人犯上周被絞死了。8．rewardn.酬謝；獎賞；賞金v.酬謝；獎勵

①Shegotnorewardforallthehardworkshedid.她并沒有因為她所做的一切艱辛的工作而得到酬謝。②Hewillsoonerorlaterberewardedforhiswickedconduct.他的惡行遲早會受到報應(yīng)。③Hereceivedamedalin_rewardforhisbravery.他因表現(xiàn)勇敢而獲得了一枚獎?wù)??？偨Y(jié)：9.astarvingconvict饑餓的囚徒anescapedconvict已逃跑的v.convict判……有……罪

aconvictedmurderer已定罪的謀殺犯囚徒Shewasconvictedfraud/ofshoplifting.被判詐騙罪n.conviction

Send打算;預(yù)想；想要1)intendtodo/doing打算做某事intendthat(should)打算intendsb.todo打算某人做某事

2)beintendedforsth./sb.目的為…

為……打算,專門為…Thebookisintendedforchildrenaged5-7.這本書是專門為5-7歲的兒童準(zhǔn)備的。

3)intendtohavedone本打算=hadintendtodo/that+賓從4)intendsth.assth.本來要用作……Thiswordwasintendedasajoke.5)

intensionn.意圖、目的、打算11.Hehasbeendoingthisinordertorepaytheboy’skindness.1)歸還;還錢I’llrepayyouallthemoneyyoulentmenextweek.2)報答;報復(fù)(+for/with/by)Icanneverrepayyouforyourkindness.

我永遠(yuǎn)無法報答你的恩情。

Herepaidherkindnesswithblows(byhittingher).12.choke1)窒息(onsth.)Shechokedtodeathonafishbone.她被一個魚刺卡的窒息了。

2)難得呼吸、嗆

Thefumesalmostchokedme.

這煙幾乎把我嗆死。3)說不出話來Hewaschokingwithrage.Iwastoochokedwithemotiontospeak.沖動地說不出話來4)阻塞,充滿,填滿sth.chokesth.(up)withsth.Thegardenischokedwithweeds.

花園雜草叢生。Thedrainswerechoked(up)withdeadleaves.

下水道被枯葉堵住。5)克制；抑制

chokebackone’sangerHechokedbacktearsashedescribedwhathadhappened.

他強忍住眼淚講述著發(fā)生的一切。1)Heswallowedthelastofhiscoffeeandaskedthebill.咽2)做如同吞咽的動作〔如恐懼時〕Heswallowedhardandwalkedintotheroom.Sheswallowednervouslybeforebeginning.13.swallow3)輕信

Ifoundhisstoryabithardtoswallow.4)不流露感情

Sheswallowedherangerandturnedtofaceher.

她掩飾了情緒，轉(zhuǎn)向面對她。5)swallowup吞沒或掩蓋，用盡Janewassoonswallowedupinthecrowd.簡很快被淹沒在人群中。

Little/smallfirmshavebeenswallowedupbythelargecompanies.

小公司被大公司吞并。

Thecostofthetrialswallowedupalltheirsavings.這個試驗的花費耗盡了他們所有的積蓄。6)n.takeaswallowofbeer喝一口啤酒14.concernn.關(guān)心；擔(dān)憂v.關(guān)系到；使關(guān)心，使擔(dān)憂1)concernoneselfwith/in/aboutsth.忙于某事/關(guān)心某事/參與某事as/sofarassb./sth.beconcerned就某人/某事而言2)beconcernedin/withsth.就某人/某事有牽連beconcernedtodosth.把做某事視為自己的事

beconcernedabout…/that+賓從對……關(guān)心/擔(dān)憂(3)show/expressconcernabout/for對……表示關(guān)心/擔(dān)憂haveaconcernin/with…與……有利害關(guān)系(4)concernedadj.有關(guān)的，擔(dān)憂的concerningprep.有關(guān)，關(guān)于Thenewsisconcernedwithyourbrother.使擔(dān)憂;使關(guān)心Theboy’spoorhealthconcernedhisparents.Heisconcernedforhersafety.Hewasveryconcernedabouther.用于短語so(as)faras…isconcerned“就……來說〞AsfarasIamconcerned,Idislikeyoursuggestion.作名詞(有關(guān))……的事cn.That’smyconcern,soI’lldoitasIlike.That’snoconcernofmine.掛念;關(guān)心(+about/for)un.Andrewexpressedhisconcernaboutyou.Shelookedatmewithconcern.15.ahugeamountof大量的

①(2021年高考湖北卷)Evenifrecyclingtargetsaremet，therewillstillbealargeamountofrubbishtobeburntup.即便到達(dá)循環(huán)的目標(biāo)，還會有大量的垃圾要燃燒。②Manyastrongmanhasweakenedbeforesuchachallenge.很多堅強的人面對這種困難都動搖了。③Largequantitiesofwaterhavebeenpollutedwiththedevelopmentofindustry.隨著工業(yè)的開展，許多水被污染了。thenumberof雖與anumberof只有一詞之差，但它表示“……的數(shù)量〞，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。16.bringsth.totheattentionofsb.使某人關(guān)注某事Itbroughtchildpovertytotheattentionofthepublic.這件事使群眾關(guān)注兒童貧困。Thematterwasfirstbroughttomyattentionearlierthisyear.相關(guān)短語：payattentiontodraw/callattentiontosth.focusattentiononsth.divert/distract/etosb’sattentionescapesb’sattentionattract/catch/getsb’sattentiongetattentionShewavedtoattracttheattentionofthewaitress.她擺手以此來引起效勞員的注意。Childrenoftenmisbehaveinordertogetattention.小孩經(jīng)常用不禮貌的行為來引起注意。Thepurposeofthearticlewastodrawattentiontotheproblemsfacedbysingleparents.這個文章的目的引起大家注意擺在單親父母面前的問題。4)anattempttodrawattentionawayfromtheseriouseconomicproblemsthatfaceourcountry.試圖將大家的注意力從我們國家面臨的嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟問題轉(zhuǎn)移開.5)Thisfacthadnotescapedtheattentionoftheauthorities.這個事實并沒有逃脫掉權(quán)威人士的注意。17.

inastonishment驚訝地；吃驚地

①Shestaredathiminastonishment.她吃驚地盯著他。②Toourastonishment，theyarrivedontime.使我們驚訝的是，他們準(zhǔn)時到了。③Iwas_astonished_atthenewsofhisescape.聽到他逃之夭夭的消息，我感到驚訝。in＋n.作方式狀語，其含義相當(dāng)于in后面的名詞的副詞形式，修飾動詞或整個句子。18.

Hestaredincompleteastonishmentatthechildandheldonto

thepotforsupport.holdonto抓住(不放),抓牢;保持,不放棄

Holdontomyhandwhilecrossingthestreet.在過馬路的時候抓住我的手。

Pleaseholdontoyouroldhouse.請不要放棄你的那套老房子。[考例]Wethoughtofsellingthisoldfurniture,butwe’vedecidedto___it.Itmightbevaluable.〔NMET2002〕A.holdonto B.keepupwithC.turnto D.lookafter[點撥]選A。holdonto留住;不賣掉,符合句意“我們決定把它留住,因它可能還有價值〞。keepupwith跟上;turnto轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于;lookafter照料,照看,皆不合題意。19.

asaresultof由于①Iwaslate,withtheresultthatImissedmytrain.我遲到了，沒能趕上火車。②Theaccidentresulted_inthedeathoftwopassengers.這起事故導(dǎo)致兩名乘客喪生。

1.－Whydoyoulookpaletoday?－Iwasvery______mymother'sillness.Istayedawakelastnight.A．concernaboutB．concernedwithC．concernedaboutD．concerned解析：beconcernedabout...“關(guān)心……；擔(dān)憂……〞；beconcernedwithsth.“與某物有牽連〞。這兒應(yīng)該是“擔(dān)憂〞媽媽的疾病，所以C項正確。答案：C2.Themusic,______whichtheactiveelderlyweredancing，soundedabitfamiliar_____me.A．to；toB．from；withC．to；withD．a(chǎn)t；to解析：考查介詞的習(xí)慣搭配。第一個空要用to構(gòu)成dancetomusic短語，表示“跟著音樂跳舞〞。第二個空用to構(gòu)成familiartosb.短語，意為“為某人所熟悉〞。答案：A3._______hiscarelessness,hedidn'tpasstheexamination.A．AsaresultB．AsaresultofC．BecauseD．Since解析:“asaresultof“是短語介詞，后面必須接名詞，才能形成介詞短語?！癮saresult〞是短語副詞，在句中作狀語。because是連詞，后接從句；becauseof是介詞，后面可接名詞。選項C如為Becauseof亦可成為正確答案。since用作介詞時，意為“自從〞，其短語不是原因狀語。答案：B4．Dinneris______fromsixtonineinthatrestaurant.Fortwentyyearsthispracticehas______unchanged.A.eaten；lastedB.served；remainedC.given；keptD.ordered；developed解析：句意：那家飯店從六點到九點提供晚餐。長達(dá)二十年了，這種習(xí)慣一直沒有改變。第一個空用serve的被動語態(tài)形式，表示“(飯菜)被提供〞。第二個空用remained作系動詞用，表示“保持〞，unchanged作表語。答案：B5.Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto______.A．rewardsB．prizesC．a(chǎn)wardsD．results解析：句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為嬰兒學(xué)會做事情是因為某些行為有獎勵。此處reward表示“獎勵；回報〞。后三項分別表示“獎品〞、“獎賞〞、“結(jié)果〞。答案：A6.－Mum，whereismyraincoat?－Oh，Iforgottotellyou.It______behindthekitchendoor.A．wouldhangB．hashungC．ishangingD．hung解析：答語意為：我忘了告訴你，你的雨衣掛在廚房的門后邊。hang意為“懸掛〞，用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示“短時間的狀態(tài)〞。答案：C7．Beforetheboy'sdeadbodywasburied,thesoldiersstood_______silence.A．onB．inC．a(chǎn)tD．under解析：句意：在孩子的尸體被埋之前，戰(zhàn)士們靜靜地站在那里。介詞in＋名詞，表示狀態(tài)，表示“……地〞，insilence表示“安靜地〞，因此選B。答案：B8．Noneofthecriminalswouldescape______.A.tobepunishedB.beingpunishedC.punishingD.topunish解析：escape后面需接動名詞形式作賓語，而不接不定式。根據(jù)句意判斷此處應(yīng)用punish的被動式，表示“受到懲罰〞。答案：B9.Iwasnot______thatIhadcutmyselfuntilIsawthebloodallovermyhand.A.astonishedB.annoyedC.consciousD.afraid解析：句意：直到看到滿手的血，我才意識到我割傷自己了。astonished對……感到驚訝的；annoyed煩惱的；conscious有意識的；afraid害怕的，擔(dān)憂的。答案：C10.TopreventA/H1N1,_____moneyisneededtodoresearchworkandbuydrugsanddevices.A．a(chǎn)largeamountofB．a(chǎn)numberofC．a(chǎn)greatmanyD．thenumberof解析：B、C、D后面都接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，只有alargeamountof后接不可數(shù)名詞money，因此選A。答案：A11．Jackwouldlovetogotothecinemawithhisdad，butthefilmis_____foradultsonly.A.admittedB.intendedC.promisedD.permitted解析：句意：杰克想與他的父親一起去看電影，但是這部電影僅供成年人觀看。beintendedfor“專供某人使用〞。admit允許；promise許諾；permit允許。答案：B12.Doyouknowwhatsuchdeer______mainly______？A.feeds；onB.feed；onC.feeds；withD.feed；with解析：句意：你知道這樣的鹿主要以什么為食嗎？feedonsth.意為“以某物為主食〞，題中的what作介詞on的賓語。答案：B1.Thebowlsneverneededwashing，astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons，tryingtoeateverybitofsoup.粥碗從來用不著洗，孩子們非用湯匙把碗刮得明光锃亮了才住手，試圖吃掉每一點粥。needdoing＝needtobedone“某事需要被做〞。[句式仿寫]我五年前買的那輛車該修了。The_car(that/which)I_bought_5_years_ago_needs_repairing/to_be_repaired.2．Whentheyhadcleanedtheirbowlsinthisway，theywouldsitstaringatthepotwitheagereyes，asiftheywantedtoeatit.他們這樣把碗刮干凈以后，就坐在那兒，眼巴巴地瞅著湯鍋，似乎要把它吞進(jìn)肚子。[知識提煉]asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。[句式仿寫]他表現(xiàn)得假設(shè)無其事。He_behaved_as_if_nothing_had_happened.[句式仿寫]直到上周五，他才讀完這本書。3．ItwasOliverTwistwhowaschosen.選中的是奧利佛。[知識提煉]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)局部＋that/who＋...[句式仿寫]直到上周五，他才讀完這本書。It_was_not_until_last_Friday_that_he_finished_reading_the_book.4.Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed，wasthemanabletospeak.至少過了30秒他才說出話來。[知識提煉]Notuntil＋從句/表時間的詞＋助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞＋主語＋謂語＋...[句式仿寫]他直到16歲才開始上學(xué)。Hedidn’tgotoschooluntilhewassixteen.Notuntilhewassixteendidhegotoschool.5．Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwithsoupspoon.[知識提煉]Nosoonerhadsb.donesth.thansb.didsth.某人一做某事就……(hardly...when...)[句式仿寫]我剛做完那件事就知道是個錯誤。No_sooner_had_I_done_it_than_I_knew_it_was_a_mistake.1.Theroominwhichtheboyswerefedwasalargestonehall,withalargepotatoneend.孩子們進(jìn)餐的場所是一間寬敞的大石廳，一口大鍋放在大廳的一側(cè)。句子中含有with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即with＋賓語＋賓補(介詞短語)在句中用作狀語，介詞短語作賓補表示賓語所處的狀態(tài)。with＋名詞/代詞＋介詞短語/形容詞/副詞/不定式/分詞構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中一般用作狀語(有時可作定語)，表示謂語動詞發(fā)生的伴隨情況、時間、原因、方式和條件等。①Hefellasleepwiththemachineworking.機器還開著他就睡著了。②Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling.我在房間坐了一會兒，眼睛盯著天花板。③Withalotofworktodo,hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因為還有很多工作要做，他沒有被允許外出。2.OnlythendidOliverunderstandhissituation.只有在那時，奧利弗才明白自己的處境。only修飾狀語放在句首時，句子要倒裝。其中的狀語可以是副詞、介詞短語或從句。①OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.只是到了那時我才意識到是我錯了。②Onlyinthiswaycanyousucceed.只有用這種方式你才能成功。③

Onlywhenonelosesfreedomdoesoneknowitsvalue.一個人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可貴。當(dāng)only引導(dǎo)主語放句首時，句子不倒裝。Onlyyoucansolvetheproblem.只有你才能解決這個問題。1._______hadtheyleftthetrain________theyrealizedtheyhadlefttheirbaginthetrain.A.Hardly;whenB.Hardly；thanC.Nosooner；whenD．Nosooner；that解析：根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)hardly...when.../nosooner...than...得出答案。答案：A2．Helookedasifhe________theanswer，buthedidn't.A．knowsB．knewC．hadknownD．hasknown解析：由looked及buthedidn't可知，asif從句表示的與過去事實不符，從句用過去完成時，應(yīng)選C。答案：C3．Thepencilistoodull.Itneeds________.A.tosharpenB.beingsharpenedC.sharpeningD.sharpened解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：鉛筆用起來很鈍。它需要削尖。need表示“需要〞時，后面接動名詞，主動形式表被動意義或接tobedone的形式。答案：C4．Notuntilwehavehadachancetodiscussitthoroughly________perfectly.A．theproblemhasbeensettledB．hastheproblembeensettledC．willtheproblembesettledD．theproblemwassettled解析：句意：直到我們有時機充分討論這個問題，它才能被圓滿解決。notuntil置于句首，主句用局部倒裝：助動詞置于主語前；由until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(表即將完成的動作)可知，主句用一般將來時。答案：C5.Onlythosewhofollowtheirdreams________achievethefinalsuccess.A．dotheyB．cantheyC．theycanD．can解析：句意：只有那些追求夢想的人才能獲得最后的成功。此題中only修飾主語those，主句不需倒裝，應(yīng)選D。答案：D練一練I.根據(jù)以下各句句意及所給單詞的首字母提示,寫出該單詞的正確形式。1.Yououghttobestricterwithyourn______child,orhewillbecomeatrouble-maker.2.Thejudgec________himofrobberyandsentencedhimtothreeyears’imprisonment.naughtyconvicted3.Childreninw_____familiesknowlittleaboutthehardshipoflife.4.Heistoretireandi______hissontomanagethecompany.5.E_______inAmerica,heismoreopen-mindedthanthelocalpeople.6.Hewascaughttakingdrugsacrosstheborderi_______.wealthyintendsEducatedillegally7.Iamnotinterestedinyourpersonalaffairs.Theyarenoc______ofmine.8.C_____byheavysmoke,thechildcoughedandcoughed.concernChokedII.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1.Shethrewherarm________myneckandhuggedme.2.Shebeggedmetoletgo__him.3.Hewasseized___thecollarandthrownoutoftheroom.4.Helookedoutofthewindowtoseewhatwasgoing___.(a)roundofbyon5._____themoneyhesavedandearned,hecouldgoonwithhisstudy.6.Mysonwasbroughtupbyakindoldcoupleduringthewartime.HowcouldIrepaythem___theirkindness?forWithⅢ.根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成以下句子,每 空一詞。1.Thisseriousmatter___________(被看待成)ajokebysomepeople.2.After__________________(逃獄),hehidhimselfinthemountains.3.She_________(喜歡)musicandalwaystakesanMP3along.4.Let’saskherwhatshe____________