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Unit3Artforart’ssake12ThemysteryofGirlswithaPearlEarringHowwelistenText
AboutthepaintingGotothetextLookatthepaintingandanswerthequestions.Text1Howolddoyouthinkthegirlis?2Whatisshewearing?3Isshebeautiful?4Howwouldyoudescribeherexpression?5Whatisthefocusofthepainting?1Howolddoyouthinkthegirlis?
It’shardtosay,butshelooksbetween14and16.2Whatisshewearing?Shehasaheavycoatandshe’swearingascarfwrappedaroundherheadlikeaturban.She’salsogotalargepearlearringonherleftear.3Isshebeautiful?
I
wouldsaythatsheisprettybutnotbeautiful.
However,thereissomethingaboutherlooksand
expressionwhichisattractive.Maybeshehasastrong,interestingcharacterbutwecan’tbesure.Text4Howwouldyoudescribeherexpression?
She’slookingatuswithlargeeyesinanopenanddirectway,andhermouthisslightlyopen.Shelooksabitinnocent,nervousandsurprised,asifsheisabouttosaysomething.Herexpressioncouldbeinterpretedaslongingorinquiring;probablyshewantssomethingverymuchbutwedon’tknowwhatitis.Text5Whatisthefocusofthepainting?
Oureyesaredrawntotheearring.It’snotinthe
centreofthepaintinganditshinesabitinthedark.
But
itisinsideaframeoflightcoloursmadebythediagonallinesofhereyes,hernose,hermouthand
the
verticalyellowscarfandnearlyhorizontalwhitecollar.
TextText1
hepaintingGirlwithaPearlEarringisoneofthegreatestworksbytheDutchpainter
JohannesVermeer,andoneofthebestlovedpaintingsintheworld.Itshowsastrikingyoungwomanwearinganexoticcostumeanda
turban,peeringoverhershoulderstraightoutattheviewer.Setagainstadarkandunspecifiedbackground,oureyesaredrawntoherpearlearring,thefocalpointofthepainting.
ThemysteryofGirlwithaPearlEarringT
Butaftermorethanacenturyofstudy,theworkposessomefascinatingquestions.Whoistheyoungwoman?Isthepaintingaportraitofarealperson,orasitterrepresentingmoregeneralattributesofwomanhood?Howoldisshemeanttobe?Isthepearlreal?What'sthesignificanceoftheturban?Whatisshethinkingasshestaresoutatus?TextText2Ingeneral,verylittleisknownaboutVermeer.Weknowhewasbornin1632,spenthisentirelifeinDelft,anddiedin1675.Weknowhisworkincludespaintingsofreligiousandmythologicalthemes,domesticinteriorsandlandscapes.Heneverseemstohavebeenwealthy,perhapsbecauseheproducedrelativelyfewpaintings.
Hisotherwell-knownworksincludeGirlReadingaLetteratanOpenWindow,andWomanwithWaterJug.Text
3
WealsoknowthatalthoughhecamefromaProtestantfamily,hemarriedaCatholicgirlCatharina,whoinsistedthatheconverttoCatholicismbeforetheymarriedandhad14children.4
AsfarastheGirlwithaPearlEarringisconcerned,itseemsthatitwasn'tmeanttobeaportrait,butastudyofexpressions,facialcharacteristicsorotherinterestingfeatures.It'struethatthegirl'sfacewouldprobablynotbeconsideredbeautifulinaconventionalsense.Ifithadbeenaportrait,apainterwouldhaveworkedhardertoconveythesitter'sbeauty,evenifitmeantslightlydistortingthetruth!ThiskindofstudywaspopularinHollandatthetime,andwouldhavebeeneasytosell.Text
Wedon'tknow,however,ifthispaintingwaseversoldduringVermeer'slifetime.Wedon'tevenknowifitwascommissionedbyVermeer'spatron,vanRuijven.Ifso,themodelmighthavebeenoneofhisdaughterswhowasaboutthesameageasthesitter.WeknowlessabouttheGirlwiththePearlEarringthananyofVermeer'sworks.Indeed,theunexplainablelackofbackgroundinformationmayevencontributetotheworldwidepopularitythepaintingenjoys.Text
5
Withsomuchmystery,thepaintinghas
beenthethemeoffirst,anovelandlater,afilm,bothofwhichattempttoanswersomeofthequestionsaboutthepainting,aswellasone,whichisimmediatelymoreappropriate
tothemediumofthe
novelorthe
film:Areherwideeyesandenigmatichalf-smileinnocentorseductive?Text
6
TracyChevalier'snovel,publishedin1999,tellsusthestoryofGriet,a16-year-oldDutchgirlwhoneedstostartworkinordertosupportherfamily.ShebecomesamaidinVermeer'shousehold,withitsfivechildren,grandmother,along-timeservant,andCatharina,Vermeer'svolatilewife.WhileGrietgoesaboutherduties,sheattractstheattentionnotonlyofabutcher'sboy,Pieter,butalsoofthepainterhimself.
Despitetheirdifferentbackgroundsandclass,heinvitesherintohisstudioandengagesherinhisworld.Text
7AtfirstGrietmerelyrunserrandsandperformstasksforVermeer.Butgradually,hisrelationshipwithherchanges.VermeerrecognizesGrietashavingvisualtalentandartisticpromise,andtakesheronashisstudioassistant.GrietiswaryofherpositionintheVermeerhouseholdbutrevelsinbeingencouragedtodevelopherskills.
Text
HerroleistogrindpaintsanddevelopthecolourswhichVermeerwilluseforhispaintingsandwhenamodelfallsill,shetakesherplace.Catharinahaslongbeenforbiddentoenterthestudio,sotheapprenticeshiptakesplaceinsecret.GrietandVermeergrowcloser,althoughtheirfeelingsareneverstatedexplicitly.Text8ButthenVermeer'spatron,thewealthyvanRuijven,whoisattractedbyGriet,insiststhatthemaidandhebethesubjectsofVermeer'snextcommissionedwork.GrietandVermeerarereluctanttoagreebecauseofherstrictmodestyandthescandalcausedbythelastoccasionvanRuijvenwaspaintedwithayoungwoman.Eventually,VermeercompromisesandagreestopaintGrietonherown,wearingCatharina'spearlearrings.Butwhileheispaintingher,VermeerseesGriet'shair,whichtakessomeofhermodestyawayand,deeplyembarrassed,sherunstoPieterforcomfort.Text
9OnedayVermeer'sdaughterdiscoversthatGriethasbeenmodellingforherfather,andtellshermother.Filledwithjealousy,Catharinastormsintothestudioanddemandstoseethepainting.GrietisembarrassedwhenVermeeraccusesCatharinaofnotunderstandingart,anddecidestoleavetheVermeerhousehold.Text
10TenyearslaterweunderstandthatGriethasmarriedPieter,andhashadchildrenwithhim.Inthemeantime,Vermeerhasdiedandinhiswill,haslefttheearringstoGriet.ShesellsthemtosettlethedebtduetotheVermeersbythebutcher'sshopwhenGrietandPietergotmarried.Text
11TracyChevalier'stalentwastobringtolifeformodernreadersthestoryofayoungwomaninasmallcitymanycenturiesago,andaboveall,tospeculateontheanswerstosomeofthequestionswhichthepaintingprovokes.Text
12Thenovelwasabest-seller,andconsequentlywasmadeintoafilmofthesamenamein2003.VermeerwasplayedbyColinFirth,andGrietbyScarlettJohannson.ThefilmshowsveryeffectivelythetensionbetweenthetwowhenVermeerpiercesGriet'searlobessoshecanwearhiswife'spearlearringsfortheportraitcommissionedbyhispatron.Itendswithascenenotdescribedinthenovel,withthepearlearringsbeing
mysteriouslydeliveredtoGriet,andwe'releftwonderingifsheevermarriesPieter.Text
13ThepaintingcanbefoundintheMauritshuisMuseuminTheHague,Holland.Ithasbeendescribedasthe
MonaLisaofthenorth,preciselybecause,likeLeonardodaVinci'spainting,nowinParis,itappearstobeasimplelikenessofawomanwithanenigmaticsmile,yetwhichcontainslevelsofmeaningsandquestions.Thefactthatasinglepaintingcangenerateathoroughlyrewardingnovelandawell-composedfilmdemonstratesourfascinationinthemysteryoftheGirlwitha
PearlEarring.Words&Phrasespearlexoticturbanviewer
focalportrait
sitterfeatureconvert
CatholicismCatholicProtestantjuginteriorwaryerrand
engagevolatileseductive
enigmaticunexplainablewomanhood
mythologicaldomesticpatron
commission
distortapprenticeshipgrindrevelWords&Phrasesexplicitlymodestyscandaljealousy
meantime
consequently
pierce
earlobe
mysteriouslythoroughlyWords&Phrasesasfarassth.isconcernedrunanerrandtake(sb.)onstorminto/outbringsth.tolife
Words&PhrasesJohannesVermeer
約翰尼斯·維梅爾Delft
代爾夫特(荷蘭城市)Catharina
凱瑟琳娜vanRuijven
范·魯文(人名)TracyChevalier
崔西·雪佛蘭Griet
格里特(人名)Pieter
彼得(人名)ColinFirth
科林·弗思ScarlettJohannson
斯嘉麗·約翰松MauritshuisMuseum莫瑞泰斯皇家美術(shù)館Words&PhrasesTheHague海牙MonaLisa《蒙娜·麗莎》
LeonardodaVinci列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇pearln.[C]
asmallroundjewelthatiswhiteandshinyandthatgrowsinsidetheshellofanoyster珍珠e.g.1.
Thepearlsparkledinthemoonlight.
那顆珍珠在月光下閃閃發(fā)光。
2.
SingaporeisdescribedasthepearloftheOrient.
新加坡被視為東方明珠。
Words&Phrasesexotica.1)interestingorexcitingbecauseofbeingunusualornotfamiliarorbecauseofbeinginorfromdistantforeigncountries
奇異的;別致的;異乎尋常的;異國(guó)情調(diào)的e.g.1.
Shelovesexoticclothesandtravellingtheexoticplaces.她喜歡穿奇裝異服,到充滿異國(guó)情調(diào)的地方去旅游。2)originatinginorcharacteristicofadistantforeigncountry
外(國(guó))來(lái)的e.g.TherearesomeexoticwordsinEnglishlanguage.
英語(yǔ)中有一些外來(lái)詞。Wordfamily:exotically
ad.Words&Phrasesturbann.[C]alongpieceofclothwrappedaroundthehead,wornespeciallybySikh,Hindu,andMuslimmen(尤指錫克教教徒、印度教教徒和穆斯林男子的)包頭巾,纏頭巾e.g.Alargehandkerchiefofbrightlycoloredsilkorcottonisoftenwornasaturban.一種顏色鮮艷的絲質(zhì)或棉布大手巾常當(dāng)作頭巾戴。
Words&Phrasesviewern.[C]1)
someonewholooksatapicture,photograph,or
pieceofart
(圖片、照片或藝術(shù)品的)觀賞者e.g.
TheAmericansceneawestheviewerwithbothitsvarietyandsize.
來(lái)美國(guó)觀光的人無(wú)不贊嘆這塊土地幅員廣闊、多姿多彩。2)someonewhowatchestelevision電視觀眾e.g.
Lettersfromviewersexpresstheirdissatisfactionwithcurrentprogrammes.電視觀眾來(lái)信表示對(duì)當(dāng)前節(jié)目不滿。Wordfamily:view
v.
Words&PhrasesChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.
Thedefenselawyerwasquestioningtheoldmanwhowasoneofthe______ofthemurdercommittedlastmonth.(CET4-2005-12-44)A)observersB)witnessesC)audiencesD)viewers
Words&PhrasesBfocal
a.
ofmajorimportance
最重要的;中心的;焦點(diǎn)的e.g.1.
Thefocalpointofourdiscussionwastheneedforaction.我們討論的中心是采取行動(dòng)的必要性。2.
Televisionhasnowbecomethefocalpointoffamilylifeinmanycountriesintheworld.現(xiàn)在世界上的許多國(guó)家看電視已經(jīng)成為人們家庭生活中的主要消遣。Wordfamily:focus
n.[C]&v.
Words&Phrasesportrait
n.[C]
1)
apainting,drawing,orphotographofsomeone,especiallyoftheirfaceonly(尤指面部的)畫像,照片,肖像e.g.
Theportraitshowsfineeffectsoflightandshade.
這幅肖像畫的濃淡色調(diào)表現(xiàn)得很好。2)adescriptionofsomeoneorsomething,forexampleinabook描述;描繪;描寫e.g.ThebookcontainsafascinatingportraitoflifeatthecourtofHenryVIII.該書生動(dòng)地描寫了亨利八世的宮廷生活。
Words&Phrasessittern.[C]1)
someonewhositsorstandsinaparticularpositionwhileanartistpaintsorphotographsthem(坐著或站著供人畫像或照相的)模特e.g.Thepaintingwasthoughttobenamedafterthesitter.這幅畫被認(rèn)為是以畫中人的名字命名的。2)(infml)ababysitter(代人照看小孩的)臨時(shí)保姆e.g.Iwasluckythatmyfamilyandmybabysittercouldalsorelievemesothatmysonwasneveralone.幸運(yùn)的是,我的家人和保姆也能減輕我的負(fù)擔(dān),所以兒子一直有人陪著。Words&Phraseswomanhood
n.[C]1)
(fml)allwomenconsideredasagroup(總稱)女性e.g.
GraceandcompassionhavecometorepresenttheidealofwomanhoodintheEast.優(yōu)雅和憐憫共同表現(xiàn)了完美的東方女人氣質(zhì)。2)thestateofbeingawoman,ortheperiodoftimewhensomeoneisawoman女子成年的狀態(tài);女子成年期e.g.ShewasalittlegirlwhenIlefthome;nowshebudsintowomanhood.我離開(kāi)家時(shí)她還是個(gè)小女孩,
現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是成年女子了。Words&Phrasesmythologicala.
of
mythology
神話的e.g.Thismasterisrememberedforhishistoricalandmythologicalworks.這位大師以其帶有歷史感和神話色彩的作品而著稱。Wordfamily:
mythology
n.acollectionofancientmyths,especiallythoseofaparticularcountryorreligione.g.
HestudiesGreekandRomanmythology.
他研究希臘和羅馬神話。
Words&Phrasesdomestica.
1)
relatingtothecountrybeingtalkedabout,andnotothercountries
本國(guó)的;國(guó)內(nèi)的e.g.
Thenewspaperprovidesmoreforeignnewsthandomesticnews.
這家報(bào)紙刊登的國(guó)外消息多于國(guó)內(nèi)消息。2)(usubeforenoun)
relatingtopeople’shomesandfamilylife家的;家庭的e.g.
MyhusbandlovesadventurouslifewhileIenjoyamorepeacefuldomesticlife.
我丈夫喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的生活,而我則喜歡寧?kù)o的家居生活。Words&Phrases3)adomesticanimalisonethatiskeptasapetoronafarm馴養(yǎng)的;家養(yǎng)的e.g.Dogs,catsandoxenarealldomesticanimals.
狗,貓和牛都是家禽。Words&Phrasesinteriorn.1)
[C](ususing)theinsidepartofsomething,especiallyabuildingorvehicle內(nèi)部;(尤指)屋內(nèi),車內(nèi)e.g.
1.Theinteriorofthehighbuildingismagnificentandluxurious.大樓內(nèi)部裝飾得富麗堂皇。2.Theinteriorofthecarwasveryspacious.這部車的內(nèi)部空間非常寬敞。
Words&Phrases2)(the~)theinnerpartofacountryorregionthatisfurthestawayfromitsbordersorcoasts內(nèi)地;腹地;內(nèi)陸e.g.ThepeopleoftheAfricaninteriorbegantooffergoldinexchangeforthegoodstheyneededfromabroad.從此后非洲內(nèi)地的各族人民開(kāi)始用黃金交換他們所需要的外國(guó)貨物。Antonym:exteriorn.
Words&Phrasesjugn.
[C](BrE)acontainerfromwhichyoupourliquidssuchaswaterormilk.TheusualAmericanwordispitcher罐;壺e.g.1.
Shefilledthejugwithfreshwater.她將水壺注滿了清水。2.Sheputmoreandmorestonesinuntilthewatercameuptothetopofthejug.Soshehadaverylong
drink.
她丟更多的石頭進(jìn)去直到水滿到瓶口。因此她可以喝一大口的水。
Words&PhrasesProtestant1)
a.
connectedwiththeProtestantChurch新教的e.g.IsheCatholicorProtestant?他是天主教徒還是新教徒?2)n.
[C]
amemberofagroupofChristianchurchesthatseparatedfromtheRomanCatholicChurchinthe
16thcentury
新教徒(16世紀(jì)脫離羅馬天主教的基督教教派成員)e.g.
1.AProtestantdeliveredaspeechtothecrowd.一名新教徒向人群發(fā)表了演說(shuō)。2.ThevastmajorityoftheworkershereareProtestants.這里的工人絕大多是新教徒。Words&PhrasesAProtestantisabelieverintheProtestantchurch,
whichdevelopedinthe16thcenturyinEurope.
ProtestantismisthebranchofChristianitywhich
believesintheauthorityoftheBible,andinthe
importanceoffaithinJesusChrist,thesonofGod.Words&PhrasesCatholic1)
a.
connectedwiththeRomanCatholicChurch
天主教的e.g.ThePopeisthesupremeleaderoftheRomanCatholicChurch.教皇是羅馬天主教的最高領(lǐng)袖。2)n.
[C]
amemberoftheRomanCatholicChurch
天主教徒e.g.Shewasadevoutcatholic.她曾是個(gè)虔誠(chéng)的天主教徒。ACatholicisabelieverintheRomanCatholicchurch,whoseleaderisthePope.CatholicismisthebranchofChristianitywhichmaintainsthatbelieversshouldshowtheirloveofGodbyfollowingtheexampleofJesusChrist.Italsoplacesimportanceonconfessingsinsandtheafterlife.Seealso:Catholicism.
Words&PhrasesCatholicismn.[U]thereligionoftheRomanCatholicChurch天主教CatholicismisabroadtermforthebodyoftheCatholicfaith,itstheologiesanddoctrines,itsliturgical,ethical,spiritual,andbehavioralcharacteristics,aswellasareligiouspeopleasawhole.e.g.
1.HehasconvertedfromCatholicismtoJudaism.他已從天主教改信猶太教。2.Catholicismismoreawayoflife.天主教更多只是一種生活方式。Seealso:Catholic.
Words&Phrasesconvertv.
1)
changeyourbeliefs,especiallyyourreligiousbeliefs,
orpersuadesomeonetodothis(使)改變信仰(尤指宗教信仰);(使)皈依e.g.Hewassentouttoconverttheheathens.他被派去教化那些異教徒。2)changefromonesystem,use,ormethodtoanother,ormakesomethingdothis
(使)轉(zhuǎn)換;(使)轉(zhuǎn)變;(使)轉(zhuǎn)化e.g.Thesolarcellcanconverttheenergyofsunlightintoelectricenergy.太陽(yáng)能電池能把陽(yáng)光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。
Words&Phrasesfeaturen.[C]
animportantpartoraspectofsomething特點(diǎn);特征;特色e.g.
1.Hereyesarehermoststrikingfeature.她面部最突出的部分是那雙眼睛。2.WetweatherisafeatureinScotland.潮濕的天氣是蘇格蘭的一個(gè)特色。Words&Phrasesdistortvt.
1)
changesth.suchasinformationsothatitisnolongertrueoraccurate歪曲;曲解e.g.Thebiasofareportercaneasilydistortthenews.記者的偏見(jiàn)很容易歪曲新聞的報(bào)導(dǎo)。2)changethewaythatsth.looks,sounds,orbehavessothatitbecomesstrangeordifficulttorecognize使變形;使扭曲e.g.Tallbuildingscandistortradiosignals.
高大的建筑物會(huì)使無(wú)線電信號(hào)失真。Wordfamily:distortion
n.
Words&Phrasescommissionvt.
1)
officiallyaskforapieceofworktobedoneforyou
委托制作;委托創(chuàng)作e.g.Themusicianwascommissionedanewsymphonyforthefestival.那位音樂(lè)家受托為這個(gè)節(jié)慶寫一首新的交響樂(lè)曲。2)
(usupassive)makesomeoneanofficerinthearmedforces
委任;任命……為軍官e.g.IwascommissionedintotheRAF.
我被授予皇家空軍的軍官軍銜。3)orderorauthorize(apersonororganization)todoorproducesth.授權(quán)(或委托)(人,組織)做(或制造)某事物e.g.Myfathercommissionedarealestateagenttosellourhouse.我父親委托了一名房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人來(lái)賣我們的房子。Words&Phrasespatronn.[C]1)
someonewhosupportstheworkofwriters,artists,musiciansetc,especiallybygivingthemmoney(作家、藝術(shù)家、音樂(lè)家的)資助人,贊助者e.g.Modernartistshavedifficultyinfindingpatrons.現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)家們很難找到贊助人。
2)
(fml)someonewhousesaparticularrestaurant,hotel,orotherbusiness(餐館、酒店或其他生意的)主顧,顧客e.g.Thenewmanagementisassuringitspatronofitsbesteffortandhospitality.新的管理組織將保證為顧客提供最優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。Words&Phrasesunexplainablea.
unabletobeexplainedorunderstood不可解釋的;無(wú)法說(shuō)明的;費(fèi)解的e.g.Aphobiaisanirrationalandoftenunexplainablefearthatcausesanuncontrollablephysicalreaction.恐懼癥是一種不理性及通常很難解釋的恐懼,它會(huì)引起一種無(wú)法自我控制的生理反應(yīng)。Antonym:explainableWordfamily:explainv.explanationn.
Words&Phrasesenigmatica.
mysteriousanddifficulttounderstand謎一般的;神秘莫測(cè)的;難以捉摸的TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:Thefocusofthepaintingistheattractive,gentlebutenigmaticsmileonthefaceofMonaLisa.這幅畫的重點(diǎn)是蒙娜·麗莎臉上那迷人、溫柔而又神秘莫測(cè)的微笑。Wordfamily:enigmatically
ad.Words&Phrasesseductivea.
1)
sexuallyattractive
性感的;勾引人的e.g.Sheis
averyattractiveandseductivewoman.她是位非常有魅力的、性感的女人。2)attractiveandlikelytopersuadeyoutodosth.youwouldnotusuallydo誘人的;有誘惑力的e.g.Thisofferofahighsalaryandafreehouseisveryseductive.這種高薪加免費(fèi)住房的條件十分誘人。Wordfamily:seduce
vt.
Words&Phrasesvolatilea.
1)
someonewhoisvolatilecanquicklybecomeangryorviolent(人)暴躁的2)avolatilesituationcansuddenlychangeorbecomemoredangerous易變的;動(dòng)蕩不定的TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:1.Poetsarehighlynervousandvolatileintemperament.詩(shī)人生性神經(jīng)過(guò)敏,喜怒無(wú)常。2.Thepoliticalsituationisbecomingmorevolatile.政局變得更加動(dòng)蕩不定。Words&Phrasesengagevt.
1)
(fml)
starttoemploysomeoneorusetheirservices
雇用;聘用e.g.Herfatherengagedatutortoimprovehermaths.她爸爸請(qǐng)了一位家庭教師給她補(bǔ)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。2)attractandkeepsomeone’sinterestorattention吸引?。橙说呐d趣、注意力)e.g.1.
Thetoydidn’tengagehisinterestforlong.
這個(gè)玩具對(duì)他的吸引力沒(méi)有維持多久。2.Brightcolorsengageababy’sattention.
鮮艷的顏色會(huì)引起嬰兒的注意。Wordfamily:engagement
n.
Words&Phraseserrandn.
[C]
asmalljobthatinvolvesgoingtocollectordeliversth.差使;跑腿e.g.1.
Yourerrandwastomailtheletter.你的差事是去寄這封信。2.Thefathersenthimoutonanerrandtothecity.
父親派他進(jìn)城去辦件事。Seealso:
runanerrand.
Words&Phraseswarya.
(~of)
carefulornervousaboutsomeoneorsomethingbecauseyouthinktheymightcauseaproblem謹(jǐn)慎的;小心翼翼的e.g.Keepawaryeyeontheweatherbeforeyousetsail.
出航前要密切注意天氣。TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:我們一定要教育孩子警惕陌生人。Wemustteachchildrentobewaryofstrangers.Wordfamily:warilyad.Antonym:unwaryWords&Phrasesrevelvi.1)
(~in)
enjoysth.verymuch
陶醉于;著迷于e.g.1.Sheseemstorevelinannoyingherparents.她似乎以惹父母生氣為樂(lè)。2.Aletawasblindfrombirth,soshelearnedtoadapttothedarknessandrevelinthesoundsandsmellsoftheforest.
艾麗塔出生時(shí)雙目失明,因而她學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)黑暗,并沉浸于森林的聲音與氣息。2)engageinlivelyandnoisyfestivities,especiallythosewhichinvolvedrinkinganddancing(尤指飲酒和跳舞)作樂(lè),狂歡e.g.Theyweredrinkingandrevelingallnight.他們整夜喝酒作樂(lè)。Words&Phrasesgrindv.
ground/ground1)
overysmallpiecesorpowder,byusingamachineorbycrushingitbetweentwohardsurfaces
磨碎;把……磨成粉狀e.g.1.
Wegrindupthewheattomakeflour.
我們把小麥磨成面粉。2.Wouldyoupleasegrindapoundofcoffeeforme?請(qǐng)給我磨一磅咖啡好嗎?2)
presssth.downontoasurfaceusingalotofforce用力壓e.g.
Hegroundouthiscigaretteonthewindowledge.
他在窗臺(tái)上把香煙按滅。
Words&Phrasesapprenticeshipn.
[C,U]
employmentasanapprentice;thepositionofapprentice
當(dāng)學(xué)徒;學(xué)徒的身份e.g.1.Heservedhisapprenticeshipwithatailor.
他曾跟一個(gè)裁縫當(dāng)過(guò)學(xué)徒。2.Apprenticeshipisthemosttraditionalwayofvocationaleducation.學(xué)徒制度是世界上最古老的職業(yè)教育形式。3.AfterhisapprenticeshipheworkedforJoeManton,thegreatestgunsmithinEnglandandalegendinhisownlifetime.學(xué)徒期滿后,詹姆士為英國(guó)最偉大的造槍巨子及其所在時(shí)代的一個(gè)傳奇人物喬曼頓工作。Wordfamily:apprenticen.[C]
學(xué)徒,徒弟Words&Phrasesexplicitlyad.
inanexplicitmanner
清楚地;明白地;無(wú)可懷疑地
Wordfamily:explicit
a.saidorexplainedinanextremelyclearway,sothatyoucannotdoubtwhatismeant清楚明確的;直截了當(dāng)?shù)膃.g.1.
Hegavemeexplicitdirectionsonhowtogetthere.他清清楚楚地告訴我怎樣到達(dá)那里。
2.
Heexplicitlysaidthathewouldn'tberetiringfromthematch.
他已明確表示不會(huì)退出比賽。Words&Phrasesmodestyn.[U]
1)unwillingnesstoshowyourbodyordoanythingthatmayattractsexualinterest羞怯;靦腆;端莊
2)
thetendencynottotalkaboutyourself,yourachievements,oryourabilitiesevenifyouaresuccessful
謙遜;謙虛Wordfamily:modest
a.Words&PhrasesFigureoutthemeaningsof“modesty”inthefollowingsentences.Matchitsusagewiththemeaning1羞怯;靦腆;端莊
or2謙遜;謙虛andtranslatethemintoChinese.1.
Onelosesbyprideandgainsbymodesty.()滿招損,謙受益。2.Asconceitmakesonelagbehind,somodestyhelpsonemakeprogress.()
驕傲使人落后,謙虛使人進(jìn)步。
3.Hermodestypreventedherfrommakingherrealfeelingsknowntohim.()
她由于羞怯未曾向他吐露真情實(shí)意。Words&Phrases212scandaln.
[C,U]
asituationinwhichimportantpeoplebehaveinadishonestorimmoralwaythatshockspeople丑聞;丑行;丑事e.g.1.
Scandalandgossiparemeatanddrinktothem.各種丑聞和流言蜚語(yǔ)是他們最感興趣的事。2.Hesufferedalossofprestigewhenthescandalwaspublicized.這件丑事公開(kāi)后他便威信掃地。Words&Phrasesjealousyn.
[U]
anunhappyfeelingbecausesomeonehassth.thatyouwouldlikeorcandosth.thatyouwouldliketodo妒忌e.g.1.Amandrivenbyjealousyiscapableofanything.
嫉妒心可使人什么都做得出來(lái)。2.Unfortunately,hersuccessexcitedjealousyinherfriends.不幸的是,她的成功引起了朋友們的妒忌。Wordfamily:jealous
a.Words&Phrasesmeantimen.
[U]
duringthetimebetweentwoeventsorbetweenthepresenttimeandafutureevent在這期間;與此同時(shí)e.g.1.Ilikeskiingandinthemeantime,Iknowitisverydangerous.我喜歡滑雪,同時(shí)也知道這非常危險(xiǎn)。2.Inthemeantimeoftakingcareofhislife,youhavetoinsulateyourselffromhismoods.
在照顧他生活的同時(shí),你必須將你自己隔絕在他的情緒之外。Words&Phrasesconsequentlyad.
asaresult因此;結(jié)果e.g.1.
Thecompanywentbankrupt.Consequently,helosthisjob.公司破產(chǎn),因此他失業(yè)了。2.Somepeoplehavenorespectforthespeedlimitandconsequentlyarepunished.有些人全然不顧限速規(guī)定,結(jié)果受到處罰。Wordfamily:consequent
a.consequencen.Words&Phrasespiercev.
makeaholeinsomethingbypushingasharpobjectintoit(在身體某部位)扎眼,穿孔(以佩戴珠寶)e.g.Ihadmyearspiercedyearsago.多年前我在耳朵上穿了洞眼。TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:1.Thesoftdropsofrainpiercethehardmarble.水滴石穿。2.Awordisnoarrow,butitcanpiercetheheart.言語(yǔ)雖非箭,卻能刺人心。Words&PhrasesChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.Hishandshookalittleashe______thekeyinthelock.(CET4-2005-06-64)A)squeezedB)insertedC)stuffedD)pierced
Words&PhrasesBearloben.
[C]
thesoftpartatthebottomofyourear耳垂e.g.1.
ItisbelievedIfyouhaveabigthickearlobe,thatmeansyouhavealotofluck.人家通常相信如果你的耳垂又大又厚,那就代表你很有福份。2.Jewelrytoornamenttheearisusuallyclippedtotheearlobeorfastenedthroughaholeinthelobe.裝飾耳朵的珠寶通常是夾到耳垂上或是固定在耳洞上。Words&Phrasesmysteriously
ad.inamysteriousmanner難以解釋地;不可思議地;神秘地;保密地;(尤指)故弄玄虛地Wordfamily:mysterious
a.1)notexplainedorunderstood神秘的;難以解釋的2)keepingthingssecret,especiallyinawaythatmakesotherpeoplewanttodiscoverwhattheyare詭秘的,故弄玄虛的
Words&Phrasese.g.1.Thepoliceareinvestigatingthemysteriousdeathsofchildrenatthehospital.
警察正在調(diào)查醫(yī)院里兒童神秘死亡的原因。2.
Thesenseofhumourismysteriouslyboundupwithnationalcharacteristics.
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