被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881

被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：被動語態(tài)講解一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式1.被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式,被動語態(tài)由be＋過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：1)am/is/are+done(過去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時例Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2）has/havebeendone現(xiàn)在完成時例Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.3）am/is/arebeingdone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時例Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．4）was/weredone一般過去時例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.5）hadbeendone過去完成時例Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinBeijing.6）was/werebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時例AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.7）shall/willbedone一般將來時例Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）should/wouldbedone過去將來時例Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.9）shall/willhavebeendone將來完成時（少用）例TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2)有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。例Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改為Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.3)當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動。例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改為Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役動詞have,make,get以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加to。例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.3.非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)v.+ing形式及不定式todo也有被動語態(tài)(一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài))。例Idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.二、Itissaidthat+從句及其他類似句型Itissaidthat…據(jù)說,Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道，Itisbelievedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知，Itisthoughtthat…大家認(rèn)為，Itissuggestedthat…據(jù)建議。例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）三、謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義1.英語中有很多動詞如break，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特征時，常用其主動形式表達(dá)被動意義,主語通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主動語態(tài)表被動強調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較：Thedoorwon'tlock．（指門本身有毛病）Thedoorwon'tbelocked．（指不會有人來鎖門,指“門沒有鎖”是人的原因）2.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動詞和短語，如：happen,takeplace,comeout,cometrue,等以主動形式表示被動意義。例Howdothenewspaperscomeout這些報紙是如何印出來的呢3.系動詞沒有被動形式,但有些表示感受、感官的連系動詞feel,sound,taste,look,feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動形式表示被動意義。例Yourreasonsoundsreasonable四、非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義在某些句型中可用動名詞和不定式的主動形式表被動意義。1．在need，want，require,等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。例Thehouseneedsrepairing（toberepaired）．這房子需要修理。2．形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。例Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．（＝Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead．）3.動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。例Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon．(todo與things是動賓關(guān)系，與I是主謂關(guān)系。)試比較：I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobeposted(此處用不定式的被動語態(tài)作定語表明you不是post動作的執(zhí)行者。)被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)選擇題anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear？

A.Is;builtB.Was;built

C.Does;buildD.Did;build

accident____onthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappened

C.ishappenedD.happened

____inthesoutheastofChina.

A.isgrownB.aregrown

C.growsD.grow

far,themoon____bymanalready.

A.isvisitedB.willbevisited

C.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

talkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

lotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdone

C.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

doctor_____foryet.

A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensent

C.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent

___thiskindofcomputer______

--Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;used

C.is;usedD.are;used

_____thisbook_____

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenby

C.did;writtenD.was;written

____showmehernewdictionary.

A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedto

C.isaskedD.asksto

story_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtous

C.istoldusD.toldus

monkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

people____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafter

C.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

teacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelisten

C.belistenedD.islistened

15.Insomepartoftheworld,tea_______withmilkandsugar.

A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served

16.Itwasreportedthatthemurderer_______arrested.

A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.hasD.had

17.Doyouthinkthatthebridge______inayear？

A.wouldbecompletedB.willbecompleted

C.hadbeencompletedD.isbeingcompleted

18.Greatchanges_______inChinasincethePeople’sRepublicofChina_______in1949.

A.havetakenplace;wasfoundedB.hastakenplace;wasfounded

C.havebeentakenplace;foundedD.tookplace;founded

19.—WhydoesLingLinglooksounhappy？

—Shehas_______byherclassmates.

A.laughedB.laughedat

C.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedat

20.Doctors_______ineverypartoftheworld.

A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

21.Ipromisethatmatterwill_______.

A.betakencareB.betakencareof

C.takecareD.takecareof

22.Nopermissionhas________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.

A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiven

23.I___tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.

A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven

24.Cansuchathing_____happeningagain？

A.preventfromB.preventedfrom

C.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom

25.Anewhouse________atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuilt

C.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

26.Thisbike________lastyear.

A.boughtB.hasbeenboughtC.wasboughtD.hadbeenbought

27.Didyouseethehousethat_______byfirelastyear？

A.wasdestroyingB.destroyedC.woulddestroyD.wasdestroyed

28.It_______whethershewillgetherworkinthehospital.

A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.isn’tdeciding

C.doesn’tdecideD.hasn’tdecided

29.Thepen_______me.Itishers.

A.isn’tbelongtoB.wasn’tbelongto

C.doesn’tbelongtoD.didn’tbelongto

30.Ican’tusemybikebecauseit_______.

A.isrepairingB.isbeingrepaired

C.willrepairD.wasrepairing

31.Thechairmantoldthespeakerthatshe______tospeakalittleloudersoastomakeherself_____.

A.wasexpected;heardB.hadexpected;hear.

Chadhoped;hearD.washoped;heard

32．—Thewindowisdirty.

—Iknow.It_____forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tclean

C.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned

33.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_______in

Beijing.

A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompleted

C.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted

34.—Howlong_______atthisjob？

—Since1990.

A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployed

C.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed

35.—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart？

—_______.

A.Theyweredestroyedintheearthquake

B.Theearthquakewasdestroyingthem

C.Theydestroyedintheearthquake

D.Theearthquakedestroyedthem

36.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_______tryingtosaveachildinthe