2014新人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)u(píng)nit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)

Unit1What'sthematter?知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)What'sthematter(withyou)?怎么了？出什么事了？What'sthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havethefluhaveafeverhaveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼身體部位+ache(疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛muchtoo+，意為，toomuch+，意為。enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足夠好，enoughmoney=moneymoneyliedown躺下，lie躺，躺著，過去式lay；lie說謊，過去式liedmaybe“或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能,也許"，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：Itsoundslikeyoudon'tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像"，Themusicsoundsnice.need需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主語通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.getoff(thebus)下(公交車)geton上車agree同意，贊同；同意做某事，同意某人的看法、TOC\o"1-5"\h\z觀點(diǎn)。trouble問題，麻煩；beintrouble，maketrouble，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth。rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為?！緩?fù)習(xí)】advice［不可數(shù)名詞］勸告，建議，向…征求意見，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事給某人建議；advise［動(dòng)詞］advisesb.todosth.advisesb.doingsth.［復(fù)習(xí)】exercise動(dòng)詞意為，可數(shù)時(shí)意為，不可數(shù)時(shí)意為。hurt及物動(dòng)詞，使疼痛，受傷，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物動(dòng)詞，(部位)疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean［動(dòng)詞】，cleantheclassroom，［形容詞】，cleaner意為。18.hit(用手或器具)打；擊打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位；heface/eye/stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。beusedtosth./doingsth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了、做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“變得習(xí)慣，逐漸適應(yīng)”強(qiáng)調(diào)過程、動(dòng)作:It'sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry'shabit.【復(fù)習(xí)】free［形容詞］空閑的freetime；免費(fèi)的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【動(dòng)詞】使解脫，得到自由Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完，用盡Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.tunout.某物用盡了。人sb.runoutof物sth..人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.risk(sb.)todosth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒險(xiǎn)theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要(性)，importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.decision【名詞】決定；抉擇；makeadecisionmakeadecisiontodosth.=。beinthecontrolof...掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol無法控制，無法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中【復(fù)習(xí)】mind意為，minddoingsth.,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?giveup(doing)sth.放棄(做)某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing形式，也可不接，如Nevergiveupeasily.二、重要短語haveacoldhaveastomachacheseesb.dosth.shoutforhelpexpect(sb.)todosth.toone'ssurprisethanksto.thinkabout.beinterestedinsth.loseone'slifesaveone'slifetakearisk=takeriskscutoffkeepondoingsth.三、重點(diǎn)語法【反身代詞】英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。女口：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisn'tquiteherselftoday.可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。女口：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顧自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自學(xué)enjoyoneself玩得高興，過得愉快helponeselftosth請(qǐng)自用（隨便吃/喝些）.hurtoneself摔傷自己saytooneself自言自語leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨(dú)留下buyoneselfsth.給自己買東西introduceoneself介紹……自己【提醒】反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。（誤）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.（正）Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時(shí)，須要用one'sown.女口：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I'mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.（正）I'mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.【練習(xí)】Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardforjustnow.Badluck!Icutwithaknifeyesterday.Theytellustheycanlookafterverywell.Mycatcanfind