2021高考英語全國1卷試題解析

絕密★啟用前2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）

英語注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom. B.Inahospital. C.Inamuseum..WhatdoesJackwanttodo?Takefitnessclasses.Buyapairofgymshoes.Changehisworkschedule..Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattodrink. B.Wheretomeet. C.Whentoleave..Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleges. B.Classmates. C.Strangers..WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?Shemightwantaticket.Sheislookingfortheman.Shehasanextraticket.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?A.10years.B.13years.A.10years.B.13years. C.15years..HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames'situation？A.Embarrassed. B.Concerned. C.Disappointed.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。.WhathasKate’smotherdecidedtodo?A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork..WhatdidKate’smotherstudyatcollege?A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory. C.Businessadministration.A.Oilpainting..WhatisKate’sattitudetowardhermother’sdecision?C.Understanding.A.Disapproving. B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。.Whatisthemandoing？Chairingameeting.Hostingaradioprogram.Conductingajobinterview..WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders’guidance.C.Herfriends’help.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A.Herteacher.B.HerfatherC.Hermother.A.Herteacher.B.HerfatherC.Hermother.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?Helacksmotivation.Hehasaheartproblem..WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?A.He’sanathlete.B.He’saresearcher.C.He’sajournalist..Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?Toencouragetheman.Torecommendanexercise.Tosupportherfindings.A.300minutes.B.150minutes.C.75minutes.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.Theyblockedit.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?A.It’swarm.B.It’sbrown.C.It’ssmooth..Whatisthepurposeofthescientists’experiment?Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合條件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社區(qū)）.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.SummerEmploymentOpportunities（機(jī)會）ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.【語篇概要】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了許多項目，來幫助學(xué)生在暑期找到工作?！敬鸢附馕觥緿 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句Whoiseligible:...Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.可知，SummerEmploymentOpportunities有些職位是給殘疾人的。分析選項可知，D項符合題意，故選D。BForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould.should.”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“.Votefor...me…"Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”WhatmadeChrisnervous？A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inParagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto .A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpoliticsWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.【語篇概要】本文是記敘文。文章講述ThomasWhaley為了幫助學(xué)生學(xué)英語以及樹立信心，專門開展了一個演講課程?！敬鸢附馕觥緽細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段todayisspeechday和本段最后一句withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.以及第二段第一句Buthe'snervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那種喜歡公共演講的孩子，但是他卻很緊張，故可知Chris是因為做演講緊張，故選B。A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...Christripsonthe“-ld”,apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.以及后文exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.可知，Chris發(fā)-ld這個音比較困難，這對于英語不是母語的學(xué)習(xí)者來說都是一個困難，總體來說Chris做得出奇得好。根據(jù)前文可知，-ld發(fā)音不準(zhǔn)，因此有些結(jié)巴，停頓得不準(zhǔn)，故選A。A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.以及最后一段“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”可知，這個課程不僅僅教孩子閱讀以及公共演講，還要讓孩子學(xué)會夸耀自己，而夸耀自己對于那些進(jìn)入教室沒有信心的學(xué)生來說很困難，故可知，Whaley老師這么做是為了幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識自己的優(yōu)勢增加信心，故選A。C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.”和最后一句“Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.”可知，當(dāng)他有一天讓認(rèn)為他們自己當(dāng)不了總統(tǒng)的學(xué)生舉手的時候，他想到了一個主意，這個課程就是幫助學(xué)生樹立自己的信心，故可以看出這位老師很關(guān)心學(xué)生的成長。humorous幽默的；ambitious有雄心壯志的；caring關(guān)心的；demanding要求高的。故選C。CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物測量）technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It’llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It’llreachconsumerssoon.C.It’llbemadeofplastics. D.It’llhelpspeeduptyping.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.【語篇概要】本文是說明文。數(shù)據(jù)和身份盜竊變得越來越普遍，目前，像指紋掃描等這些技術(shù)仍然是昂貴的。本文介紹了一種新的科技一智能鍵盤，它能給e-space用戶帶來安全，而且這項技術(shù)也不貴?！敬鸢附馕觥緿 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.和第二段的ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.可知，研究者們開發(fā)智能鍵盤是為了降低e-space保護(hù)的成本。故選D。B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.可知，研究者們希望智能鍵盤能早日面世。故選B。D推理判斷題。本文介紹了一種新的科技一智能鍵盤，它能給e-space用戶帶來安全，由此可知，本文是關(guān)于科技的，結(jié)合所給選項可知，本文可能來自于一本雜志。故選D。DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學(xué)），Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-others qualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage（從事）indangerousandriskybehavior.”Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate—sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.WhatdidDr.Prinstein’sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive. B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus. D.Theyperformedwellacademically.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness【語篇概要】本文是說明文。文章主要講到研究表明，對別人好，討人喜歡，會對人們生活的各個方面產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的有益影響?！敬鸢附馕觥緾推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocial$128$可知，在美好的小學(xué)時光里，我喜歡分享我的洋娃娃和笑話，這讓我保持了高高的社會地位。由此推斷出，作者在小學(xué)早期時，是一個慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的；lonely寂寞的；generous慷慨的；cool冷靜的；酷的。故選C。A主旨大意題。第二段“MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.”可知，臨床心理學(xué)教授MitchPrinstein將受歡迎的人分為兩類：討人喜歡的人和追求地位的人。該句是段落主題句，本段內(nèi)容分別對thelikable和thestatusseekers做了解釋，所以本段主要介紹了受歡迎的人的分類，故選A。B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment，由healthyadjustment推斷出，心理學(xué)教授MitchPrinstein的研究表明，被人喜歡的孩子適應(yīng)性更強(qiáng)，故選B。A主旨大意題。通過閱讀全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段，可知這篇文章主要講了受歡迎，討人喜歡對人生活的各個方面有深遠(yuǎn)的有益影響。與選項A“對別人好，——最終，你的收獲無窮無盡”一致，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES，iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood. 37 Iftheairyou,rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou,reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors，yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）andyourbrain.Recently，peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing（治愈）. 38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen，growingthingscanreducestress，lowerbloodpressure，andputpeopleintoabettermood（情緒）.Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead. 39 Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.Freshaircleansourlungs.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Beinginnaturerefreshesus.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I'm44abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53 gothroughfiveecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55 -lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland 57:gravel（礫石），stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59 snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace？Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.41.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring42.A.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reporters43.A.positionB.ageC.faceD.name44.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy45.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate46.A.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stones47.A.remoteB.quietC.allD.clean48.A.newB.specialC.significantD.necessary49.A.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingaway50.A.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sight51.A.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regarded52.A.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purpose53.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials54.A.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livinguptoD.givingwayto55.A.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permits56.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add57.A.villageB.desertC.roadD.lake58.A.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.Finally59.A.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificial60.A.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire【語篇概要】本文是記敘文。每年有4萬名登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃圾，破壞了這里的環(huán)境，再加上冰川的消失，改變著它的地貌。對此作者對這個地方變成了那個樣子很是懷疑，想一探究竟。當(dāng)他來到這里時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保措施很到位，同時作者發(fā)現(xiàn)乞力馬扎羅山有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山不應(yīng)該被譽(yù)為一座擠滿破壞了寧靜氛圍的游客的山峰。【答案解析】D 考查動詞辨析。A.keep“保持”B.mix“混合”C.connect"聯(lián)系”D.bring”帶來”。由lotsofwaste可知，登山者帶來了很多的垃圾。故選D。C考查名詞辨析。A.stories“故事”;B.buildings“建筑物”;C.crowds“人群”;D.reporters“記者”。句意：人群可能會破壞這個地方的美。由“40,000”可知，這是一個龐大的群體。故選C。C考查名詞辨析。A.position“位置”B.age“年齡”C.face“外貌”D.name“名字”。冰川是乞力馬扎羅山地貌之一，所以冰川融化會改變它的地貌。故選C。B考查形容詞辨析。A.silent“沉默的”B.skeptical”懷疑的”C.serious“嚴(yán)肅的”D.crazy“瘋狂的”。句意：聽到這些故事，我對這個地方產(chǎn)生了懷疑一-其他旅游地被描述為“更純粹”的自然體驗。由下文可知，作者親自來到了乞力馬扎羅山，作者想解開這個懷疑。故beskepticalabout“對懷疑”符合句意。故選B。A考查動詞辨析。A.discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”B.argue“爭論”C.decide“決定”D.advocate“提倡”。句意：然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由muchhaschanged可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。故選A。C考查名詞辨析。A.equipment“裝備”；B.grass“草”C.camps“營地”；D.stone“石頭”。句意：我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由下文atcamps可知，本句屬于原詞再現(xiàn)。故選C。D考查形容詞辨析。A.remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的"；B.quiet“安靜的"；C.tall“高的”；D.clean“干凈的”。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座干凈的山，營地里和路邊都有廁所。由withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths可知，營地里和路邊都有廁所。所以這是一座干凈的山。故選D。C 考查形容詞辨析。A.new“新的"；B.special“特殊的"；C.significant“顯著的”；D.necessary必要的”。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是顯著的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。根據(jù)前文可知，很多的登山者來到乞力馬扎羅山以及冰川可能會消失。這對于環(huán)境來說是一個顯著的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。A考查動詞短語辨析。A.payingoff”使人得益；有報償”；B.spreadingout“伸展”；C.blowingup“爆炸”；D.fadingaway“逐漸消退”。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是顯著的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。由but可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。故選A。B考查名詞辨析。A.atmosphere“氛圍”；B.experience“經(jīng)歷”；C.experiment“實驗”；D.sight“視力”。句意：在我看來，登乞力馬扎羅山最好的經(jīng)歷并不是到達(dá)頂峰。登山就是人生的一種經(jīng)歷。故選B。D考查動詞辨析。A.studied“學(xué)習(xí)”;B.observed“觀察”;C.explored“探索”;D.regarded“認(rèn)為”。句意：山被許多文化視為精神場所。由spiritualspace,可知，山被許多文化視為精神場所。beregardedas”被視為……”符合句意。故選D。A考查名詞辨析。A.view“景色”；B.quality“質(zhì)量”；C.reason“原因”；D.purpose“目的”。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色差異尤為明顯。有五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，所以景色也是明顯的不同。故選A。B考查名詞辨析。A.scientists“科學(xué)家”；B.climbers“登山者”；C.locals“當(dāng)?shù)厝恕?；D.officials“官員”。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色差異尤為明顯。來到乞力馬扎羅都是為了登山，也只有登山者能體驗到五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B。D考查動詞短語辨析。A.holdingonto“抓住”；B.goingbackto”回至（原來的話題）”；C.livingupto“履行”；D.givingwayto“向讓路”。句意：熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，讓路于大片的低矮植物。這里指熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。givingwayto”向……讓路”符合句意。故選D。55.A考查動詞辨析。A.changes“改變”；B.clears“放晴”；C.improves“提高”；D.permits“允許”。句意：再往上走，天氣變了一一低云籠罩著被厚厚的草覆蓋的山腰。由lowclouds可知，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)不同，天氣也是不同的，是變化的。故選A。C考查動詞辨析。A.match“匹配”；B.imagine“想象”；C.count“數(shù)”D.add“增加”。句意：我從站的地方數(shù)出了十二種綠色。由twelveshadesofgreen可知，作者數(shù)出了十二種綠色。故選C。B考查名詞辨析。A.village“村莊”；B.desert“沙漠，荒地"；C.road“馬路”；D.lake“湖”。句意：海拔4000米以上是高原沙漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。由grave,stonesandrocks可知，海拔4000米以上是高山沙漠。故選B。D考查副詞辨析。A.Obviously“明顯地”；B.Easily“容易地”；C.Consequently“必然地”D.Finally“最后地”。句意：海拔4000米以上是高原沙漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最頂端也是最后一個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是冰川地區(qū)。故選D。A考查形容詞辨析。A.permanent“永久的”；B.little“小的”；C.fresh“新鮮的”；D.artificial"人造的”。句意：很明顯，你爬進(jìn)了一個類似北極的地帶，那里有著永久性的積雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由arctic-likezone可知，這是一個類似北極的地帶，所以有永久性的積雪。故選A。B 考查動詞辨析。A.enjoy“享受”；B.deserve“值得”；C.save“挽救”；D.acquire“獲得”。句意：乞力馬扎羅山是一座擁擠的山，擠滿了成群的游客，破壞了寧靜的氣氛，它值得這樣的名聲嗎？這里作者在質(zhì)疑乞力馬扎羅山是否值得這樣的名聲，解答前文的懷疑，最后得出自己的答案。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65（report）increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66（believe）thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（錯覺）thatpopulationsare68（high）thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70（be）stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfeeljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.Toeveryone'ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,sayth