動詞不定式、閱讀理解題、完形填空題訓(xùn)練范文

動詞不定式在句中可充當主語、表語、賓語、賓補、定語和狀語等。一、作主語動詞不定式作主語可位于句首。例如：Tolearnaskillisveryimportantforeveryoneinsociety.也可使用it作形式主語，而將其置于旬末。例如：Itisnecessaryforyoungstudentstolearnaforeignlanguage.動詞不定式作主語的常用句型有：Itis+adj./n.( +forsb./sth.)+todosth.用于止匕句型的形容詞有： easy,hard,difficult,possible,important,impossible,necessary,good,bad,exciting,interesting,surprising 等。例如：Itisinterestingtoplaythisgame.Itisnecessaryforyoutochangeyourjob.Itwasimpossibleforthemtocompletethetaskinsuchashorttime.考例1:Ispossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?(88MET)A.nowB.manC.thatD.it用于止匕句型的名詞有： pity,shame,pleasure,one'sduty,one'sjob,fun,joy,goodmanners,badmanners等。例如：Whatapityitisforyoutohavemissedsuchawonderfulfilm.Itisgoodmannersfortheyoungtogivetheirseatstotheold.Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.該句型中只能使用描述某人的品彳惠、 特征的形容詞，如：kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,clever 等。例如：Howrudeitwasoftheboytojumpthequeue!Itisfriendlyofthefamilytotrytomakemefeelathomeintheirhouse.Howsillyitwasofyoutogiveupsuchagoodchance !3.It+be+名詞+todoIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.4.It+be+形容詞+ofsb+todoItisstupidofyoutowritedowneverythingtheteachersays.5.Itseems(appears)+形容詞+todo6.Ittakessb.+sometime+todosth.該句型意為“做某事花費某人多長時間”。例如：Ittookushalfanhourtoridetothetownbybike.二、作表語動詞不定式作表語常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)： Mywish/job/aim/goalis…及Thenextstep/measureis…等。例如：Yourjobistotypethepapersintheoffice.Thenextmeasureistostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.三、作賓語常見的只能使用動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有： agree,choose,decide,hope,fail,wish,refuse,expect,manage,plan,intend,pretend,promise,offer,afford,demand,arrange等。例如：Theydecidedtobuildahighwaybetweenthesetwocities.SheofferedtohelpmewhenIwasintrouble.believe,think,consider,feel,make等動詞可用于“動詞+it+adj./n+todosth.”句型，其中使用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語動詞不定式置于旬末。例如：Ithinkitnecessaryforustohaveagoodrestafterthelongwork.Shefeltitherdutytohelptheoldwoman.四、作賓補可后接動詞不定式作賓補的動詞有：allowask,advise,beg,cause,drive強迫),encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike(love,hate),order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wis籌等。例如：Thedoctoradvisedhernotoeattoomuchsugar.Iwishyoutogotothemeetingwithme.believe,consider,count,declare,deny,feel,find,guess,imagine,judge,know,prove,realize,suppose,thin符動詞后可接tobe型不定式作賓補。例如：Hedeclaredhimselftobeacollegestudent他自稱是名大學生。Thepoliceprovedhimtobeathief.警察局證實他是小偷。hope,demand,sugge咻動詞不能后接動詞不定式作賓補。例如：【誤】Ihopemysontobebacksoon.【正】Ihopemysonwillbebacksoon.【誤】Shesuggestsustohaveadiscussionaboutit.【正】Sheadvisesustohaveadiscussionaboutit.【正】Shesuggeststhatwe(should)haveadiscussionaboutit.在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中，下列動詞后作賓補的動詞不定式應(yīng)省略 to:“五看”(see,watch,notice,observe,lookat)“三使”(make,let,have)“兩聽”(hear,listento)“一感覺”(feel)。例如：Whomadehimworkallnightlong?但是，改為被動結(jié)構(gòu)后，應(yīng)補出省略的to。例如：Hewasseentobreakthewindow.五、作定語動詞不定式作定語，應(yīng)位于所修飾詞語之后，即：作后置定語。例如：Haveyougotanythingtoeat?(toeat修飾anything,位于其后)下列名詞后常接動詞不定式作定語： ability,attempt,chance,courage,decision,effort,failure,promise,way,wish 等。例如：Butshegaveupthechancetogoabroad.由only,first,last,next以及序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞后，也常接不定式作定語。例如：Whowasthelastonetoleavetheclassroomlastnight?六、作狀語動詞不定式作狀語，可表示目的、原因、結(jié)果或條件。例如：Wewenttheretoseeourgrandparents.(目的)Iamverysorrytohearthat. (原因)Shehurriedhomeonlytofindherfatherdead. (結(jié)果)Tolookatthepicture,youwouldlikeit. (條件)作目的狀語，還可以使用inorderto或soasto。例如：Theboyworkedsohardinordertomakeupforthelosttime.結(jié)果狀語還可以使用enoughto,too…to…，so…asto,such…asto等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Hegotuptoolatetomisstheearlybus.Shewasinsuchahurryasnottonoticeme. 她如止匕匆忙,以致沒有注意到我。.作目的狀語①Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.②Henryhasdecidedtogotothehospitaltobeexaminedbythedoctor.⑵有時為了強調(diào)，不定式前可加inorder或soas如：Bobtookdownmytelephonenumbersoas(inorder)nottoforgetit.有時為強調(diào)目的狀語可把inorderto或不定式置于句首，但soasto不能這樣用。在這種句式中不定式部分可轉(zhuǎn)換為sothat,inorderthat,成為目的狀語從句，如：Istayedtheresothat(inorderthat)Icouldseewhatwouldhappen.(3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容詞、過去分詞或動詞之后可接不定式，如：astonished,glad,happy,laugh,pleased,sad,smile,sorry,surprised。Wearegladtohearthenews.Iwassurprisedtoseethatathree-year-oldbabycouldwritesowell.在部分形容詞后接不定式，用主動形式表示被動意義，這種句型中的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語。如： Thequestionraisedbythestudentisdifficulttoanswer.Theroomisreallycomfortabletolivein.常這樣用的形容詞有：comfortable,easy,dangerous,difficult,expensive,fit,impossibl巡。.選擇填空。( )1.Itisnoteasy maths.A.learnsB.learnC.tolearnD.learned( )2.Itisverynice youto meaboutit.A.for,tellB.of,sayC.to,speakD.of,tell( )3.It’stoolatei.mItpossib’le_s therebynine.A.ofhimtogetB.forhimtogetC.himtogetD.forhimgetting)4.Johnknows acomputer.A.howtouseB.howuseC.howusesD.howtousing)5.Ourteachertoldus .A.carefulB.becarefulC.tobecarefulD.tobecarefully( )6.Heaskedme leavehimalonehere.A.don’tB.nottoC.notD.doesn’t)7.Ihavealotofthings thisweekend.A.doB.didC.doingD.todo)8.Thereisachair .A.tositB.sittingonC.tositonD.sitin)9.Thequestioniseasy .A.answeringB.answerC.toanswerD.answered( )10.Mybrotherisnotstrongenough thebigtree.A.carriesB.carriedC.tocarryD.going(A)用括號中的動詞適當形式填空.Wearesoglad (hear)thenews.2.Isawhim (cross)theroadsafelyand (run)away.3.Youcan’tmakehim (do)whatyouwant.4.Idon’tknowwhere (meet)him.5.Whatmakesyou (think)I’mafarmer?6.Didyouseehim (go)upstairs?7.Itisbetter (put)yourmoneyinabank.8.Itisdifficultfortheboy (swim)acrosstheriver.9.Ilethim (go)earlyashewanted (meet)hisuncleatthestation.10.Willyouhelpme (move)thebed?11.Ifhedoesn’tknow,how (use)therecorder,you ’dbetter (show)him.12.Heisthelastone (leave)theofficeeveryday.13.It’sbadmanners (shout)inpublic.14.Theboyisoldenough (dress)himself.15.Sheistooill (go)toschool.B.WhytolearnEnglishPeopleinmanycountriesarelearningEnglish.Somelearnatschool,othersstudyby_1_.A_2_learnEnglish_3_theradio.WhydoallthesepeoplewanttolearnEnglish?It ’sdifficult_4_thatquestion.Many_5_learnEnglishatschoolbecauseitisoneoftheirsubjects._6_peoplelearnEnglishbecause_7_usefulfortheirwork.ManystudentsoftenlearnEnglishfortheir_8_studiesbecause_9_thecollegesomeoftheirbooks_10__11_English.Itisnot_12_tolearnaforeignlanguage.Butthereis_13_difficult_14_theworldifyou_15_yourheartintoit.1.A.himselfB.oneselfB.littleC.themselvesC.fewofD.ourselvesD.littleof2.A.few3.A.ofB.withC.onD.in4.A.answerB.answeringC.answeredD.toanswer5.A.workersB.boysandgirlsC.doctorsD.scientists6.A.SomeB.MuchC.AlotD.Alittle7.A.it’sB.itsC.they’reD.their8.A.lowerB.longerC.shorterD.higher9.A.nearB.atC.onD.infrontof10.A.writeB.wroteC.arewrittenD.iswritten

11.A.inB.withC.onD.from12.A.freeB.difficultC.busyD.easy13.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.some14.A.inB.onC.overD.of15.A.keepB.putC.takeD.bringB.OnedayEinstein_1_inthestreetinNewYork.Hisfriend_2_himandsaystohim,“Einstein,youshouldbuyanewcoat.Look,how_3_yourcoatis”!ButEinsteinanswers,“Itdoesn’t_4_.Nobody_5_mehere”.Aftera_6_yearsEinsteinbecomesafamousscientist.Buthestill_7_theoldcoat.Hisfriendmeetshimagainandaskshimtobuya_8_one.ButEnsteinssays,“Ineedn’tbuyanewone._9_knows_10_here”.1.A.iswalkingB.walkC.isreadingD.read2.A.ismeetingB.meetsC.seeD.looksat3.A.cleanB.longC.newD.old4.A.thingB.meetC.matterD.well5.A.knowB.knowsC.askD.asks6.A.lotB.litterC.fewD.many7.A.putonB.wearC,wearsD.putson8.A.goodB.newC.bigD.old9.A.EveryB.EverybodyC.NobodyD.Somebody10.A.youB.IC.meD.usB.Afrogisborn_1_asmallriver.Whenheisyoung,theriverishis_2_.Hedoes’nt_3_hisparents,buthehasmanybrothersandsisters.Heswimshereandthereandplays_4_themallday.Atthattime,hedoes’ntlook_5_hisparents.Hehas_6_legs,buthehasalongtail.Sohelookslikea_7_.Thenhistailgetsshorterand_8_.Andhehas_9_legsandaveryshorttail.Nowhelookslikehisparents.Thenheisgoingto10alotofinsects—alotofbadinsects.1.A.inB.onC.nearD.over2.A.houseB.homeC.familyD.school3.A.knowsB.knowC.seeD.like4.A.inB.beforeC.withD.behind5.A.likesB.asC.forDlike6.A.noB.notC.notsomeD.noany7.A.fishB.frogC.insectD.baby8.A.shortB.shorterC.shortestD.theshortest9.A.twoB.fourC.sixD.eight10.A.eatingB.haveC.drinkD.eatA.InBritain,cars,busesandbikesmustkeeptotheleftsideofthestreet.Ifapersonwantstocrossastreet,hemustbeverycareful.Beforehecressesastreet,hehastostopandlooktotherightfirstandthentheleft.WhileinChina,welooktotheleftinstead.WhenvisitorsareinLondon,theyshouldlearnhowtotakebusesandundergroundtrains.Themostimportantofall,theymustknowinwhichdirectiontheyaregoingandwhichbusandwhichunderstandtraintheyshouldtake.Atthebusstoptheyshouldwaitfortheirbusestocome.Assoonastheygetonabus,theymustpayfortheirfares.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正(T)誤(F))1.InEngland,peoplegoalonetheleftsideofthestreetaswedoinChina.)2.Whentheywanttocrossastreet,peopleinEnglanddonotlooktotheleftfirst.)3.VisitorsinLondonshouldlearntodrivebuses.)4.WhentheytakeabusinEngland,visitorsmustmakesureinwhichdirectionitisgoing.)5.Aftertheygetonabus,visitorsdon ’thavetopayfortheirticketsatonce.A.MostAmericanschoolstudentshavealongsummerholiday.ItisusuallyfromJunetoSeptember.Duringthisholiday,studentsoftentravelorhavesummerwork.Somestudentstakecoursesinsummerschools.Maryspentherlastsummerinasummerschool.Shestudiedtwocoursesandshetraveledwithherfamily.TheysawinterestingplacesneartheirhomeinSeattle.Mary ’sfriend,Peter,workedatagasolinestationduringthesummer.Hesoldgasolineandmendedcars.Hemadealotofmoneyandsavednearlyallofit.Peterisgoingtotheuniversitynextyear.Heneedsmoneyfortheuniversitytuition.InAmerica,fromJunetoSeptember .mostschoolstudentstakecoursesinuniversitiesallschoolstudentsarestillatschoolmoreschoolstudentsstayathometherearestilllessonsinsummerschoolsPeter,oneofMary’sfriends,willbea nextyear.A.gasolineworkerB.carmenderC.schoolstudentsD.universitystudentSeattleisthenameof .A.asummerschool B.Mary’sfriendC.agasolinestation D.anAmericancityWhatdidPeterdolastsummer?HeworkedatagasolinestationHetraveledwithhisfamilyHestudiedinasummerschoolHevisitedsomeinterestingplacesPetersavednearlyallofhismoneybecause .hedidn’tneedtopayforanythinghisparentsaskedhimtodosoheneededmoneyforhissummerworkheneededmoneyfortheuniversitytuitionA.InEnglishpeoplecanexperiencefourseasonsinoneday.Sotheyoftentalkabouttheweather.Inthemorningtheweatheriswarmlikeinspring.Afteranhourblackcloudscomeandthenitrainsheavily.Theweathergetsali