Unit 3 Learning about language 語法課件【知識精講+備課精研+高效課堂】 高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

Unit3IhadfinishedmyworkbeforeIwentouttoplayfootball.HetoldmeastorythatIhadheardmanytimes.Iarrivedatthestationandfoundthatthetrainhadgone.Readthefollowingsentencesandpayattentiontothewordsinredandpink.presentfuturepastpastperfectpastperfecttense過去完成時結(jié)構(gòu)：had(not)+done意義：過去完成時：表示過去某一時間或某一動作之前發(fā)生且已經(jīng)完成的動作或狀態(tài)。主動語態(tài)構(gòu)成:被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成:haddonehadbeendoneActive主動Passive被動Theroomlookednice.Somebodyhadcleanedit.Theroomlookednice.It

hadbeencleaned.haddonehadbeendone1.基本構(gòu)成2.過去完成被動時基本用法表示過去某一時間或某一動作前已發(fā)生且已完成的動作或狀態(tài)。如：Theworkhadbeenfinishedbyusbynineo’clockyesterday.Gracerealizedamistakehadbeenmadebyher.Theprojecthadbeencompleted

bytheendof1999.1.Shereturnedhomeand________(find)allherfurniture______________

(ruin)by

theflood.2.ThisMondaymorningIwasinformedI________

(choose)asoneofthreeexchangestudentsfromourcollege.3.Arthurwassurprisedbecausethetornado_________(take)thefeathersoffhischickens.4.He________(try)todrivebacktohishomebeforethefloodpassedthroughthevillage.Practicefoundhadbeenruinedhadbeenchosenhadtakenhadtried

1)用于wish后的賓語從句中，表示對過去未做成的事情的某種感嘆或愿望。如：IwishI

(be)thereatthattime.那時候我要在那兒就好了。（事實上我不在那兒。）IwishI

(tell)himaboutit.我要是沒告訴他那事就好了。（事實上我告訴他了。）3.過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).hadbeenhadnottold

2)用于對過去事實進行虛擬的條件句中。如：IfIhadhurried,Iwouldn'thavemissedthetrain.如果我快點的話，我就不會誤了火車。Ifyouhadbeenattheparty,youwouldhavemethim.

如果你去了晚會，你就會見到他的。3.過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).

3)過去完成時常用在引述動詞一般過去時后的間接引語中。Theysaidthattheyhadplantedthetreesonthehillside.他們說他們把樹種在山坡上了。Jacktoldmehe

（read）thebookbefore.杰克告訴我他以前讀過那本書。Juliesaidshe

（go）toseehimthedaybefore.朱莉說她前一天已經(jīng)去看過他。過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).hadreadhadgone

4)

think，want，hope，plan，intend，mean和suppose等詞的過去完成時可以用來表示本來要做而沒做或無法做的事，或沒有實現(xiàn)的希望或意圖。EvehadhopedtoseemoreofChina.伊芙曾希望在中國多觀光一番。Ihadintendedtobethereontime.我本打算準時去的。Gretahadmeanttoseeheroffattheairport.格瑞塔本打算是要去機場送她的。過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).

5)用在“主語+hadhardly/scarcely(nosooner)+過去分詞+when(than)從句”句型中，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。ThepartyhadhardlystartedwhenJoeleft.Ihadnosoonergotbacktothekitchenthanthedoorbellrang.Ihad

nosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.當hardly/scarcely,nosooner位于句首時，主句要倒裝。Hardly

had

weleftthehousewhenitbegantorain.Hardly

Laurasatdownwhenthephonerang.Nosooner

Iwalkedinthedoorthanthey

（arrive）.過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).

had

had

arrived

(6)用于過去完成時的時間狀語：by+過去時間點；bytheendof+過去時間點；bythetime+過去時間點；before+過去時間點。I

(finish)readingthenovelby9o’clocklastnight.Bytheendofthatyear,Henry

(collect)morethanathousandpostcards.They

(plant)600treesbeforelastWednesday.Bythetimetheyarrived,we

(get)everythingready.過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).hadfinishedhadcollectedhadplantedhadgot

(7)用在“Itwasthe+序數(shù)詞+time(that)sbhaddone”或者“Itwasthe+形容詞最高級+名詞+(that)sbhaddone”句型中(從句用過去完成時)

Itwasthefirsttime(that)I

(be)toShanghai.ItwasthemostinspiringperformanceI

(watch).(8)用在“Itwas+一段時間+since

sbhaddone"句型中(從句用過去完成時)

ItwasatleastthreemonthssinceI

(leave)Beijing.過去完成時態(tài)常見的固定結(jié)構(gòu).hadwatchedhadbeenhadleft

句型轉(zhuǎn)換：A:Thechefhadsetupafarmtotablerestaurantbeforehisnewcookbookworkbookwaspublished.B:Anewfarmtotablerestaurant__________________bythechefbeforehisnewcookbookwaspublished.A:TheyhadfinishedtheirdinnerbythetimeSamjoinedthem.B:Theirdinner_______________bythetimeSamjoinedthem.鞏固提升hadbeensetuphadbeenfinished【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)Thetickets____________(sell)outbeforeIcametothecinema.2)Bytheendoflastyear,we_________________(produce)20,000cars.3)Thetrain_________(leave)beforewereachedthestation.4)100tractors__________________(produce)bytheendoflastyear.5)Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves________(run)away.6)Shetoldusthatthemeeting________________(cancel).

hadbeensoldhadproducedhadlefthadbeenproducedhadrunhadbeencanceledIt______________(know)foralongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that’swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.(2019江蘇)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018北京)3.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan_______________(carry)outinthepasttwoyears.(2018江蘇卷)

hadbeenknown

hadbeentrapped

hadbeencarried過去完成時與一般過去時1.過去完成時：在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，表示動作發(fā)生的時間是過去的過去。

一般過去時：過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.過去完成時：助動詞had+動詞的過去分詞，助動詞had沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

一般過去時：動詞的過去式did/were/was。①be動詞;③表示變化的詞：go,get,turn,become.GrammarRules時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)用法一般過去時主動:_________________動作發(fā)生在________________被動:__________________過去完成時主動:_________________動作發(fā)生在_____________________________________被動:__________________did/was/werewas/weredonehaddonehadbeendone過去的某個時間過去的某個時間/動作之前【即學即練】翻譯句子。1)到上個月底為止，我已經(jīng)學了四千個單詞。2)他做完作業(yè)后，出去踢足球了。3)我回到家時，她已經(jīng)鎖了門。4)Jim于2019年去世的。5)上周五他非常忙。

Ihadlearned4,000wordsbytheendoflastmonth.Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.Bythetime/WhenIgothome,shehadlockedthedoor.Jimdiedin2019.HewasverybusylastFriday.Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.Carol:_____youever________anyScottishfoodbeforeyourtriptoStAndrewslastyear?Paul:No,notreally?ButI________________abouthaggismanytimesbeforewewentthere.Carol:Oh...Didyoutryit?Paul:Oh,yes!Youknowwhat?We_______lateforsupperthatday,andsowejustatewhateverwasleftintheuniversitycanteen.We________________ourmealbeforewelearnt

we_______just______haggis!Carol:Mygoodness!Paul:Well,itwasnotbad.Ihavetosay...

HadPractice

arrive,cancel