2023新課標版英語高考第二輪復(fù)習(xí)-專題十一　推理判斷

2023新課標版英語高考第二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題十一推理判斷Passage1TheHearClearGoRechargeableDigitalHearingAidisapopularmemberofourrechargeablehearingaidfamilyforagoodreason:Itcombinesgreatperformancewithincrediblevalue!Thishearingaidfeaturesadvancedthird-generationdigitaltechnologyatanunbelievablyaffordableprice.TheGoispackedwiththesamekeytechnologiesthatallhigh-enddigitalhearingaidssharewhileleavingouttheextrafancybellsandwhistlesthatincreasecostsandrequireexpensiveadjustments.WiththeGo,you'llhearclearlywhilesavingalotofmoney.WiththeGo'sincludedchargingstation,youwon'thavetokeepbuyingandreplacingtinyhearingaidbatteries!You'lllovethelightweightdesign.TheGoispre-programmedformostmoderatetosignificanthearinglosses—nocostlyprofessionaladjustmentsneeded.Theyareshippeddirectlytoyouandwillhelpyouhearbetterrightoutofthebox!Youcanspendthousandsonanexpensivehearingaid,oryoucanspendjust$239onahearingaidthatisgreatformosthearinglosses(only$199eachwhenyoubuyapair-hearupto3timesbetterthanwearingjustone).Wearesosureyouwillloveyourhearingaids.Weoffera100%MoneyBackGuarantee—Risk-freeifyouarenotsatisfiedforanyreason.Nocostlyprofessionalappointmentsneeded!Withourfreetelecare,youcancallourfriendlyandcaringstafffromthecomfortandsafetyofyourhometodiscussyourhearingaidcare..WhatdoweknowabouttheGo?A.Itspriceisunbelievablylow.B.Itfeaturesfancybellsandwhistles.C.Itincludesachargingstation.D.Itneedsexpensiveprofessionaladjustments..Howmuchshouldyoupaytobuyapair?A.$239. B.$478. C.$199. D.$398..Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Amagazine.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Ascientificjournal.答案［語篇解讀］語篇類型:應(yīng)用文。主題語境:人與社會。主旨：一款數(shù)碼助聽器的特點、價格和售后服務(wù)。.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“WiththeGo'sincludedchargingstation,youwon'thavetokeepbuyingandreplacingtinyhearingaidbatteries!”可知,theGo包含充電站。.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“only$199eachwhenyoubuyapair一hearupto3timesbetterthanwearingjustone”可知，買一對助聽器時，一只僅需要支付199美元，兩只就是398美元。.A推理判斷題。本文是一篇廣告，可能出自雜志。Passage2Iwasalwaysareader.Asakid,Iwalkedtothelibraryseveraltimesaweekandstayeduplatereadingwithatorch.IdidmyundergraduatedegreeinEnglishandwentontogetamaster'sinliterature.WhenIcreatedmyonlineprofile,Imademyscreenname“missbibliophile”.Fillingoutthet4favoritebooks^^section,Iletmytasteinliteraturespeakforme:OneHundredYearsofSolitude,AMoveableFeast,WhiteTeeth,TheNamesake,TheKnownWorld.ButIrealizedithadbeenmorethantwoyearssinceIhadreadmostofthosetitles.Ihadstoppedreadinggradually,thewayonehealsordies.Davidwasmyonlinefriend.Hisprofilesaidhelikedtoread,soIaskedhimabouthislastbook.Hisfacelitupandhisfingersdanced.ItoldhimIonlyreadonebookthatyear."Butit'sJune.Readabook!^^hesaid.Iwaspainfullyawareoftheglaringhypocrisy（虛偽）inmylife.Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowearbooksthewayonewearsclothes.Hissuggestionof"readingabook“echoedinmyhead.Oneafternoon,IpickeduponeI'dboughtonlyforitspoetictitle.1hadahardtimegettingintoit.WheneverIwastemptedtogiveuponit,IthoughtofDavid.IpushedthroughthefirsttwochaptersanddiscoveredanewnarratorandIlovedthealternatingpointsofview.Ireadatlunchandonmywalkhome,occasionallyliftingmyeyestoavoidstrangersandtheunevenroadsurface.Istayeduplateandfinishedthebook.Ifeltgreatandproudofmyself.ThelasttimeI'dpulledanall-nightertoread,Iwas12.1felthewaspushingmetobemoreofthepersonIusedtobe..Whydidtheauthorpurposelylistmanyclassicsinherprofile?A.Toshowhertaste.B.Tolistthebooksshehadread.C.Tofillouttheform.D.Toindicateherability..HowmuchdoweknowaboutDavid?A.Heisinterestedindancing.B.Heisexcitedaboutbooks.C.HeiscuriousabouttheInternet.D.Heispatientwithstrangers..Howdidtheauthortrytoappearfondofreading?A.Byrefusingonlinebooks.B.Bydecoratingherhousewithbooks.C.Bywanderingaboutbookstores.D.Byconstantlybuyingdifferentbooks..Whydidtheauthorfeelproudofherself?A.Shestayedupallnight.B.Shefinishedreadingabook.C.Sheregainedpassionforbooks.D.Davidpushedhertoread.答案［語篇解讀］語篇類型:記敘文。主題語境:人與自我。主旨:作者重獲對閱讀的熱愛。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Iletmytasteinliteraturespeakfbrme”可推知，作者羅列很多名著的目的是顯示自己對文學(xué)的品味。.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hisprofilesaidhelikedtoread,soIaskedhimabouthislastbook.Hisfacelitupandhisfingersdanced.”可知,David是個熱愛讀書的人。.D細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中"Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowearbooksthewayonewearsclothes.”可知，作者通過買不同的書回家以顯示自己似乎喜歡閱讀。.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“IfelthewaspushingmetobemoreofthepersonIusedtobe.“可知，作者感到自豪,是因為重拾對讀書的熱愛。長難句Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouse叩pearedtowearbooksthewayonewearsclothes.在網(wǎng)上零售的時代,我為書店的優(yōu)點辯白并買書，它們占據(jù)了每個表面，直到我的房子看起來像一個人穿著衣服一樣到處擺滿了書。本句為并列復(fù)合句。句中第二個and連接并列分句，在第二個分句中until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,在時間狀語從句中theway引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。Passage3Theotherday,Iwaspurchasingsomegiftsinastore.Standingatthecounterwasanelderlyladywhoimmediatelydrewmyattention.Shelookedtobeatmymother'sage.Ismiledatherwhilenoticinghershockofwhitehair,clearblueeyesbehindherglassesandthegentlesmile.Shesmiledbackandasked,"What'syourname?”Ireplied,t4Seena.What'syours?^^Heranswerwas“Whatalovelyname.MynameisRose.^^Afterputtingawayherwallet,Rosesearchedthroughherbagandwasn'thavinganeasytime.Sheaskedme,“Wouldyoumindhelpingmelookforsomethinginmybag?It*ssoheavy,andIcanneverfindanything.MRosewasmeltingmyheart.“Sure.Whatareyoulookingfbr?"Iasked.Shereplied,4tIneedtofindmytelephonebooksoIcancallataxi."Iaskedherwhereshewasgoing,andRoserespondedwith“SimpsonHouse”.Ifeltawarmconnectionwithmynewacquaintanceandsaid,“IpassrightbySimpsonHouse.I'dbehappytodriveyouhome.^^Roserespondedjokingly,"AreyousureI'magoodperson?^^Ireplied,amassureasIcanbe.Let*sgo.”WewalkedouttomycarandIopenedthedoorforher.Shesaid,'TmOKgettinginbutIneedsomehelpwiththeseatbelt.^^Itremindedmeofallthetimesmymomwaitedformyassistancetogetintomycar.WhenIwasdriving,Rosesaid,“Inallmyyears,nobodyeverofferedtogivemearide.Ifeelblessedtoknowyou.^^Rosedidmostofthetalking,andwelaughedalot.Wearrivedatherplace.Igotoutofthecartomeetheronthepassengerssideandtoopenherdoor.Shesaid,“Icangetout."Rose*spartingwordswere“IhopeIseeyouagain,“andminewere“Iwouldlikethat.^^Withawave,webothleft..WhywasRosemeltingSeena*sheart?A.Roselookedelegantandpowerful.B.Seenafelttrustedbyastranger.C.RosepraisedSeenaforthelovelyname.D.SeenawashappytobeyoungerthanRose..WhatwasRosetryingtofindinherbag?A.Herwallet. B.Hercellphone.C.Herglasses.D.Hertelephonebook..WhydidSeenamentionherownmother?A.TostressRose'spositivelife.B.Toshowherloveforhermother.C.ToimplyRosewasingreatneedofhelp.D.Toremindherselftocaremoreabouthermother..WhatkindofpersonisRose?A.Helpfulandserious.B.Honestandoptimistic.C.Considerateandambitious.D.Humorousandindependent.答案［語篇解讀］ 語篇類型:記敘文。主題語境:人與社會。主旨:Seena在商店里遇到并結(jié)識了Rose,她雖然年事已高，但有著非常積極的人生態(tài)度。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,Rose融化了Seena的心是因為Rose請求Seena幫忙在包里找東西,Seena覺得自己被一個陌生人信任了。.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“IneedtofindmytelephonebooksoIcancallataxi.”可知,Rose在找她的電話本。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Shelookedtobeatmymother'sage.Ismiledatherwhilenoticinghershockofwhitehair,clearblueeyesbehindherglassesandthegentlesmile.”以及第五段中'TmOKgettinginbutIneedsomehelpwiththeseatbelt."和"Itremindedmeofallthetimesmymomwaitedfbrmyassistancetogetintomycar.”可推知,Seena提到和Rose年齡相仿的母親是為了凸顯Rose在這個年紀，人生態(tài)度很積極。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Roserespondedjokingly,4AreyousureI'magoodperson?’”以及最后一段中“Shesaid,4Icangetout」”可推知,Rose幽默且獨立。Passage4Likemanyparentsworkingfromhomewhiletheirkidsarelearningremotely,we*vebeenlookingforcreativewaystoconnectwithourchildren——andnowherehasthisbeentruerthaninthekitchen.Kitchenscience,asLizHeinecke,authorofKitchenScienceLabforKidscallsit,doesn'trequireanyfancyequipmentoringredients（原料）一and,bestofall,intheeraofremoteeducation,wecancombinesciencelessonswitheverydaymealpreparations.Byhelpingwithcooking,kidscanengageinlively,project-basedlessons.Actually,eventheeasiestrecipesincludebothsimpleandcomplexscientificconcepts.Kitchenscienceisn'tjustaboutwhatwe'recooking.It'salsoaboutunderstandingwhyit'sworthtakingthetimetofigureouthowingredientsandtemperatureinteractandwhysubstancesbehavethewaytheydo.Everyoneinvolvedwilllearnsomething.Forexample,weallknowoilandwaterdon'tmixeasily,butwecanchangethisbyaddingmustard（芥末醬）totheoilandwatertomakeasaladdressing.Thisisanopportunitytoteachkidsaboutthescienceofemulsions（孚L劑）.Addinglemonjuicetoavegetablestopsthatvegetablefromturningbrown;cabbagechangescolorwhenyouaddvinegartoit.Bothofthosephenomenaaretheresultofchemicalreactions.Intheclassroom,itcanbehardtoseehowscientificconceptswillbeappliedoutsidethelab.Butwhenkidsseetheseconceptsworkintherealworld,thatsparkscuriosityandlearning.“Everytimeyoustepintoyourkitchentocook,youputsciencetowork.Infact,physicsandchemistrycomeintoplaywheneveryousteam,bake,freezeorboil.Thus,everytimeyoustepintothekitchen,it'sanopportunityfbreveryonetolearnmoreaboutscience,LizHeineckesaid..Whatareparentsexpectedtodointhekitchen?A.Askkidstocookamealontheirown.B.Doscientificexperimentsinthekitchen.C.Payattentiontocookingingredients.D.Combinescientificconceptswithrecipes..Whatdoesthefourthparagraphindicate?A.Rawmaterialsareimportantinthekitchen.B.Procedurestocookdinnermustbefollowed.C.Cookingcaninspirekids*interestinstudyingscience.D.Familyeducationismoreimportantthanschooleducation..WhatcanwelearnfromLizHeinecke*swords?A.Cookingcanbenefitbothkidsandparents.B.Parentsneedtomasterdifferentcookingskills.C.Labexperimentscanberepeatedathome.D.Schoolsshouldoffercookingcourses..Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthetext?A.Topracticehealthyeatinghabits.B.Tolearnfoodscienceoutofthelab.C.Toturnmealpreparationsintofamilylearning.D.Toteachkidssomerecipesforcookinginthekitchen.答案［語篇解讀］ 語篇類型:說明文。主題語境:人與自我。主旨:讓廚房成為孩子和父母學(xué)習(xí)更多科學(xué)知識的地方。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“wecancombinesciencelessonswitheverydaymealpreparations...eventheeasiestrecipesincludebothsimpleandcomplexscientificcone叩ts”可推知，家長在廚房里可以將科學(xué)課程中的科學(xué)概念與日常做飯的食譜結(jié)合起來。.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Butwhenkidsseetheseconceptsworkintherealworld,thatsparkscuriosityandlearning”可推知，第四段通過舉例表明科學(xué)概念與烹飪結(jié)合可以激發(fā)孩子們學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)的興趣。.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thus,everytimeyoustepintothekitchen,ifsanopportunityfbreveryonetolearnmoreaboutscience”可推知，烹飪對孩子和父母來說都是學(xué)習(xí)更多科學(xué)知識的機會，孩子和父母都能獲益。.C推理判斷題。通讀全文并結(jié)合最后一段可推知，作者想要告訴我們廚房可以成為學(xué)習(xí)更多科學(xué)知識的地方，應(yīng)該把做飯變成家庭學(xué)習(xí)的機會。Passage5Whereverontheglobeshemaybe,humanitarianNyamayarokeepsclosetohernativeAfricabycarryingayellowdress."Itremindsmeofthebright,beautifulAfricanskyIusedtoseeinmysmallvillage,“shetellsPeople.Nyamayaro'slifepathwasn'talwayssohigh-profile.Growingup,sheassumedshe'dspendherlifecontributingtohervillage,andfarminginthefieldsliketheotherwomenaroundher.ButachanceencounterwithaUnitedNationsworkerthatcameamidaseveredroughtalteredthatpathforever.“Iwillneverforgetthatday,“Nyamayarosays."Achilddiedfromhungereveryfiveseconds,andIalmostbecameoneofthosechildren.AseveredroughthadhitourvillagewhenIturned8yearsoldandsuddenly,myparadisechangedovernightandtherewasnothingtoeatordrink.IthoughtIwasgoingtodie.Itfeltliketherewasnowayofgettingoutofthis.Butthenthisincrediblethinghappened.AnAfrican,whowasaUnitedNationshumanitarian,foundme,andgavemeabowlofporridgethatsavedmylifb."Thechanceencounterprovidedmorethanjustlifesavingnourishment-itopenedthedoorsastowhatcouldbepossibleforher,whoimmediatelysethersightsonworkingfbrtheUnitedNationsjustlikehersavior.“IthoughtIwantedtobelikeher,sothatonedayIcouldchangethelivesofothers.Tmsogratefulfbrthatmomentwhichwasverydevastating,becauseitgavemylifesomuchmeaningandpurpose.Thewomanshowedmewhatwaspossible.SometimesonemomentcanreallychangeyourentireJustastheUnitedNationsworkeropenedhereyestoopportunitiespreviouslyunknown,NyamayarohopesgirlsfromAfricacandothesameforchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher,assheknowsherstoryisnotunique..Whyisayellowdressmentionedinparagraph1?A.Itstandsforherbrightfuture.B.Ithighlightsherpersonalpreference.C.Itisrelatedtothesceneryofherhometown.D.Itistheluckycolorofherhometown..WhydidNyamayarowanttobeahumanitarian?A.Togetridofthepovertyassoonaspossible.B.Toshouldertheresponsibilityofhelpingothers.C.Toseekforchancestobroadenhermind.D.Tosetanexampletothewholecountry..WhatdoesNyamayaro*scareerstorytellus?A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung..Successmeansgettingaperson'sdesiressatisfied.C.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.D.Wherethere'sawillthere'saway..Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Amagazine.B.Anovel.C.Abrochure.D.Aguidebook.答案［語篇解讀］ 語篇類型:記敘文。主題語境:人與社會。主旨:人道主義者Nyamayar。小時候得到別人的幫助,這件事對她影響很大，讓她下定決心以后去幫助別人。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“humanitarianNyamayarokeepsclosetohernativeAfricabycarryingayellowdress.4Itremindsmeofthebright,beautifulAfricanskyIusedtoseeinmysmallvillage/shetellsPeople,,可推斷,Nyamayaro的黃色連衣裙能使她聯(lián)想到家鄉(xiāng)的景色。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，一個人道主義者幫助了Nyamayaro這件事讓她想要去幫助別人，所以Nyamayaro想成為人道主義者去幫助別人。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"JustastheUnitedNationsworkeropenedhereyestoopportunitiespreviouslyunknown,NyamayarohopesgirlsfromAfricacandothesamefbrchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher,assheknowsherstoryisnotunique.”和文章的描述可知Nyamayaro成為人道主義者幫助他人是因為受到幫助她的人的影響，下定決心要去做這件事，并且成功了，所以D項“有志者事竟成”是這個故事要告訴我們的道理。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章描述可知，本文主要講述人道主義者Nyamayaro小時候得到別人的幫助，這件事對她影響很大，讓她下定決心以后去幫助別人。這種勵志故事最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上，故選A項。長難句JustastheUnitedNationsworkeropenedhereyestoopportunitiespreviouslyunknown,NyamayarohopesgirlsfromAfricacandothesameforchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher,assheknowsherstoryisnotunique.正如這位聯(lián)合國工作人員打開了她的眼界，讓她看到了以前不知道的機會,Nyamayaro希望來自非洲的女孩也能為就像她一樣在農(nóng)村長大的孩子們做同樣的事情,因為她知道她的故事并非獨一無二。本句為主從復(fù)合句。句中第一個as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句,第二個as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,girlsfromAfricacandothesameforchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher作動詞hopes的賓語，其前省略了連詞that。Passage6Ifyouweretothrowabananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit*spartofafruit—right?Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobenaturallyprocessed,andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that'sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels.Anorangepeel,aswellasacigarettebutt,hasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabananapeel,buttincanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdoglassbottles.Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan'tmerelymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortlengthofbiodegradingtime,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitterisdiscardedintheUKeveryday.It'snotacheaphabiteither:TokeepthestreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers￡500million,andwhenyouincludethegreenspaces,thatgoesupto￡1billion.So,it*snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tippingyoucouldfacea￡20,000fineorevenjailtimeand,ifyoudisposedofsomethingdangerous,thecourtcouldgiveyoufiveyearstoserve.Regardlessofhowseverethesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werefoundguiltyoutof825,(X)(),sowestillhavealongwaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobeytherules..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded“inpara.1mean?A.Harmless.B.Processed.C.Thrown.D.Long-lasting..Whichofthefollowinghasthelongestbiodegradingterm?A.Glassbottles.B.Tincans.C.Cigarettebutts.D.Bananapeels.3.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Theseverityofrubbishcanbemeasuredbyitslifetime.B.Quiteafewpeoplewerefoundguiltyofillegallylittering.C.EveryyearUKtaxpayersspend500millionpoundskeepingstreetsfreeofdirt.D.Cigarette-relatedlitterandpeelscanbeignoredfortheirfairlyshortlifetime.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toinformreadersofdifferentbiodegradingterms.B.Tocallforpeoplenottolitterillegally.C.Toencouragepeopletousefewerplasticbags.D.Tostresstheimportanceofgoodbehavior.答案［語篇解讀］語篇類型:說明文。主題語境:人與自然。主旨:作者呼吁人們不要亂扔垃圾。.C推測詞義題。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouweretothrowabananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit'spartofafruit-right?”中的“throw”推斷出discarded表示thrown的意思。.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Anorangepeel,aswellasacigarettebutt,hasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabananapeel,buttincanslastupto10()years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdoglassbottles.”可知,glassbottles的生物降解時間最長。.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Toke印thestreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers￡500million^^可知每年英國納稅人需花費五億英鎊來保持街道干凈。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文所述，作者的寫作目的在于號召人們不要亂扔垃圾。Passage7We'veallbeenthere,whenareallyessentialitemthatyouhadtoorderonlinearrivesinsuchanunbelievableamountofpackagingthatitmakesyoufeellikeifsanunpreparedgameofpassingtheparcel.It*smadeevenworsebythefactthatsomeofthepackagingcan'tberecycled.Infact,10milliontonnesofpackagingwasteareproducedintheUKeveryyear.Alotofthisendsupinlandfill,two-thirdsofwhichcouldhaveinsteadbeenrecycled.Thegoodnews,however,isthathowpackagingwasteismanagedisinforaBIGshake-upinlinewiththe“polluterpaysprinciple”.Byplacingthemainpointofdutytopayonbrandowners,theywillbeencouragedtochoosemoresustainablepackagingoptionswhicharerecyclableandreusableasmuchaspossible.Otherwise,theywillhavetopayhigherfees.ThisisasystemknownasExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)—meaningthatthosewhohavecontroloverpackagingdesigndecisionswillbeencouragedtodotherightthingfortheplanetatthebeginningandconsiderwhathappensattheendofthepackaging'slifefromthestart.Whatthismeansisthatinsteadoflocalauthoritiespickingupthebillforhouseholdwastemanagement,companieswillhavetopayformanagingyourhouseholdpackagingwaste,andtheywillbemetwiththeassociatedlittlecoststoo.And,asanaddedbonus,thenewEPRlawsonpackagingwillalsomeanthatproducersarerequiredtoputclearmandatory（強制性的）labellingonpackaging.Forexample,thiscouldbe“RECYCLE"or“DONOTRECYCLE^^.Ofcourse,wehopethatthe“DONOTRECYCLEMcategorylabellingistheminority.Itisaimedthatby2030,78%ofpackagingwillberecycledintheUK..Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Two-thirdsofpackagingwasteisrecycled.B.Over-packagingisoftenthecaseinlife.C.Thequalityofgoodscannotbeguaranteed.D.Onlineshoppingisgettinglesspopular..Whowillberesponsibleforpayingpackagingwastecostsaccordingtothelaw?A.Designers. B.Producers.C.Customers.D.Localauthorities..WhatcantheEPRlawsleadthebrandownerstodo?A.Payhighertaxesandrecyclepackagingwaste.B.Putclearlabellingonpackagingandpromotesales.C.Cutpackagingwasteandimprovepackagingrecycling.D.Followthepackagingdesigntrendandtherightthings..Whatcanbelearnedabouttheitemsorderedonlineinthefuture?A.Theirlabellingonpackagingwillbesimpleandgenerous.B.Themajorityoftheirpackagingneedn'tberecycled.C.Theywillbeofhighqualityandinexpensive.D.They'llarriveintherightamountofrecyclablepackaging.答案［語篇解讀］ 語篇類型:說明文。主題語境:人與自然。主旨:為應(yīng)對過度包裝和包裝不能回收利用的問題而制定的環(huán)保政策EPR和它可能帶來的影響與作用。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“insuchanunbelievableamountofpackaging”和第二段中“10milliontonnesofpackagingwasteareproducedintheUKeveryyear”可推知，第一、二段告訴我們過度包裝在生活中是常有的事。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“inlinewiththe'polluterpaysprinciple'”和第五段中“companieswillhavetopayformanagingyourhouseholdpackagingwaste”可知,按照新的法律，污染者,即產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)者，將負責(zé)支付包裝垃圾處理費用。.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“theywillbeencouragedtochoosemoresustainablepackagingoptionswhicharerecyclableandreusable”和最后一段中“thenewEPRlawsonpackagingwillalsomeanthatproducersarerequiredtoputclearmandatory（強制性的）labellingonpackaging”可知，新的EPR法令會促使品牌所有者減少包裝浪費，改善包裝回收利用狀況。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“Ofcourse,wehopethatthe'DONOTRECYCLE9categorylabellingistheminority.Itisaimedthatby2030,78%ofpackagingwillberecycledintheUK.”可推知，未來網(wǎng)上訂購的商品將用合適數(shù)量的可回收包裝打包遞送。長難句Whatthismeansisthatinsteadoflocalauthoritiespickingupthebillforhouseholdwastemanagement,companieswillhavetopayformanagingyourhouseholdpackagingwaste,andtheywillbemetwiththeassociatedlittlecoststoo.這意味著，不是由地方政府來為家庭垃圾管理買單，而是公司必須為家庭包裝垃圾的管理買單，并承擔(dān)相關(guān)的少量費用。本句為并列復(fù)合句，句中what引導(dǎo)主語從句,that引導(dǎo)表語從句，在表語從句中連詞and連接并列分句。Passage8ChinesescientistshaveidentifiedanewproteinthatrestrictsHIVinfection,adiscoverythatcouldpavethewayfbrthedevelopmentofnewdrugsagainstthevirus.Theprotein,P-selectinglycoproteinligand1（PSGL-1）,whichexistsinhumancells,caninhibit（抑制）theprocessbywhichHIVreproduces,accordingtoresearchpublishedinthesciencejournalNatureMicrobiologythismonth.However,thestudyalsoshowedthatPSGL-1canbenegativelyaffectedbyVpu-anaccessory（附屬）proteinofHIV—whichcanneutralizetheabilityofPSGL-1toresistHIV.FurtherresearchisunderwaytodevelopadrugthatcaninhibittheHIVproteinsothatPSGL-1canrestrictHIV,accordingtoTanXu,aresearcheratTsinghuaUniversity'sSchoolofPharmaceuticalSciences,aleadingauthorofthestudy.SeveralotherproteinsinhumancellsthatcouldresistHIVhavebeendiscoveredoverthepast10years,buttheviruscanalsoevade（避開）them.PSGL-1showsparticularpromiseinthatitcaninhibitHIVinmultipleways-especiallybyblockingtheinfectiousnessofvirusoffspring,Tansaid.“Wearestartingtoresearchintosmallmolecule（分子）compoundsinthehopeoffindingonethatcanrestorePSGL-1'santi-HIVfunction.Inthisway,wecandevelopaveryeffectiveantiviraldrugfbrpeoplewithHIV/AIDSJhesaid.Tansaiditwillrequireatleastthreetofiveyearsfbrtheresearchtoreachthepreclinicalstage,andmoretimeafterthatbeforeaclinicaltrialispossible.TheresearchwasconductedbyresearchersatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,FudanUniversityinShanghaiandGeorgeMasonUniversityintheUnitedStates.ExistingtreatmentmethodsforpeoplewithHIV/AIDS,whichmostlyrelyonacombinationofdifferentdrugs,canpreventthediseasefromprogressingbutcannotcureit,andlong-termuseofdrugscanresultindrugresistance.Anestimated37millionpeopleintheworldlivewithHIV,accordingtotheJointUnitedNationsProgrammeonHIV/AIDS.Thestudyprovidesnewleadstodevelopingantiviraldrugs,TsinghuaUniversitysaidinastatement..WhatcanwelearnaboutPSGL-1fromthepassage?A.BoththeproteinPSGL-1andtheproteinVpuareHIVproteins.B.PSGL-1canrestrictthefunctionoftheproteinVpu.C.PSGL-Tsmoleculecompoundshavebeenidentified.D.TheproteinPSGL-1functionsbetterthanothersinresistingHIV..Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.TheexistingtreatmentforAIDSarefarfromperfect.B.Itwillbeadecadebeforetheantiviraldrugsisputonthemarket.C.Americanscientistsplayedaleadingroleintheresearch.D.HIV/AIDSwillnolongerbeadeadlyproblemowingtothenewdiscovery..Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThereisalongwaytogobeforecuringAIDS.B.MorepeoplearefacedwiththethreatofHIV.C.ChinesescientistsareleadingthewayincuringAIDS.D.AnewproteintoresistHIVwasconfirmedbyscientists..Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Afiction.C.Amagazine.D.Abrochure.答案［語篇解讀］語篇類型:說明文。主題語境:人與社會。主旨:中國科學(xué)家新發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以抑制艾滋病病毒感染的蛋白質(zhì),這可能為研發(fā)抗艾滋病病毒的新藥品開辟路徑。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“PSGL?1showsparticularpromiseinthatitcaninhibitHIVinmultipleways—especiallybyblockingtheinfectiousnessofvirusoffspring,Tansaid.”可知,PSGL-1具有多種抗艾滋病病毒功能，展現(xiàn)良好的前景——尤其能抑制新生病毒的傳染性。故PSGL-1蛋白在抵抗艾滋病病毒方面比其他蛋白功能更好。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“ExistingtreatmentmethodsforpeoplewithH1V/A1DS,whichmostlyrelyonacombinationofdifferentdrugs,canpreventthediseasefromprogressingbutcannotcureit,andlong-termuseofdrugscanresultindrugresistance.”可知，目前艾滋病的治療方式是多種藥物的結(jié)合，往往治標不治本，長期使用還會讓人產(chǎn)生抗藥性，遠遠稱不上完美。.D主旨要義題。根據(jù)文章第一句中“ChinesescientistshaveidentifiedanewproteinthatrestrictsHIVinfection”和下文內(nèi)容可知，文章大意為科學(xué)家證實了一種新的抗艾滋病病毒的蛋白質(zhì)。.C推理判斷題。本文主要講述中國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種新的抗艾滋病病毒的蛋白質(zhì)，以及其后續(xù)的研究和影響。所以本文最有可能來自雜志。Passage9InaclassicepisodeofTheSimpsons,Homer'sclassreunionendsinshamewhenoneofHomer'sguiltysecretsisexposed:henevergraduatedfromhighschool.Togethisdiploma,hemustpassasciencetest.Ashesitsdowntoretaketheexam,heholdsoneofhistrademarkdialogueswithhisbrain.UAI1right,brain.Youdon'tlikemeandIdon*tlikeyou.Butlet'sjustdothisandIcangetbacktokillingyouwithbeer.^^Manyatruewordisspokenasajoke.HomerSimpson'sEverymancharacterreallyisanEveryman.Formostpeople,engaginginthekindofeffortfulthinkingthatisrequiredtopassasciencetestfeelstoomuchlikehardwork.Itissomucheasiertoquitandletthebrain'sautopilottakeover.Andnowonder.Evolutionhasblessedthehumanbrainwithallkindsofmentalshortcutsthatmakelifem