河南專升本（英語）模擬試卷7

河南專升本（英語）模擬試卷7（總分：202.00,做題時間：90分鐘）一、VocabularyandStructure（總題數(shù)：40,分數(shù)：80.00）Universitiesgenerallytheirstudentsfromamongthehighschoolgraduates.（分數(shù)：2.00）providechooseselectJreceive解析：解析：provide：提供；choose：選擇（指一般的選擇）；select：挑選（指精選，即有所淘汰）：receive：接受。根據(jù)句意可知，選C。DoyoutoknowMr.Cooper,stelephonenumberandmai1address?（分數(shù)：2.00）offerhappenVseemfeel解析：解析：happentodosth.是固定搭配，意為“碰巧做某事”，用于本句中表示言語的委婉。故選BoWewantthecommitteetothedetailsoftheplan.（分數(shù)：2.00）lookforgiveupC.breakdownD.workoutJ解析：Withoutyourinstruction,Isuchgreatprogress.（分數(shù)：2.00）wouldnothavemadeJcannotmakewillnotmakeD.hadnotmade解析：Wecouldseethestarswellfromthetopofthemountain.（分數(shù)：2.00）clearlygenerallyfairlyVclosely解析：Whenwehavedinnerverylatewedon'twashupthenextmorning.（分數(shù)：2.00）beforeinattillV解析：解析：not…till（until）是固定搭配，意為“直到 才"。故選D。Thenationasawholecannotbecomerichthepeasantsarerelativelywelloff.（分數(shù)：2.00）ifbeforethoughunlessV解析：解析sif：如果，即使；before：在 之前：though：雖然：unless：除非，如果不，相當于if…not。根據(jù)句意可知，選D。Mr.SmithtoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.couldn*thavegoneVmustn*thavegoneC.shouldn*thavegoneD.needn*thavegone解析：解析：根據(jù)句意可知，本句表示的是對過去情況的否定推測，所以應用couldn'thavegone,意為“不可能去了 ”。沒有mustn'thavegone這種用法；shouldn,thavegone意為“本不應該去“：needn,thavegone意為"沒必要去"。故選A。Threeofuswillgothere,andtheresttostayhere.（分數(shù)：2.00）isareJwaswere解析：解析：根據(jù)句意可知，therest在此處表示的是“其余的人”，其后應用復數(shù)形式，所以排除A、C項。另外，由前面分句中的willgo可知，此處應用aretodo形式，表示一般將來。故選B。10.hecametohavesuchavaluablepaintingisamystery.（分數(shù)：2.00）HowVThatWhatWhich解析：解析：本題考查主語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構，并結合句意可知，此處應用how引導，表示方式，意為“怎樣，如何"，在從句中作狀語，符合題意。故選A。amsorrythatIamnotinatohelpyourightnow.（分數(shù)：2.00）responsibilitypositionJpowerskill解析：解析：beinapositiontodosth.是固定搭配，意為“有能力做某事”。故選B。Ournewhouseisvery,forIcangettomyofficeinfiveminutes.（分數(shù)：2.00）comfortablepleasantC.convenientJD.available解析：解析：comfortable：舒服的；pleasant：高興的；convenient：方便的：available：可得到的。根據(jù)句意可知，選C。Theaudiencestoodandattheendoftheperformance.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.welcomedB.clappedJwavedcelebrated解析：14.isknowntoall,theearthmovesaroundthesunonceayear.（分數(shù)：2.00）ThatAsVWhatIt解析：Hehadtwodaughters,AliceandSarah,theofwhommarriedanarchaeologist.（分數(shù)：2.00）youngformerVelderlyD.old解析：解析：young：年輕的；former：前者的；elderly：上了年紀的，稍老的；old：老的。根據(jù)句意可知，選B。Tommightnothavemadesuchaseriousmistakeifheyouradvice.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.followedB.followsC.hadfollowedJD.hasfollowed解析：解析：本題是與過去事實相反的虛擬假設，主句謂語動詞用might（not）havedone,if引導的條件句的謂語應用haddone的形式。故選C。WhenIgotmyfirstjob,Iearly.ButnowadaysIusuallystayinbeduntillatemorning.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.couldgetupB.usedtogettingupC.wasusedtogetupD.usedtogetupV解析：解析：usedto有兩個意思，當表示“習慣于”時，其前應有be動詞，其后接動名詞形式；當表示“過去常?！睍r，其后應接動詞原形。根據(jù)句意可知，此處屬于第二種情況，故選D。Mymotheraskedmewherethekey.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.didIleaveIhaveleftIhadleftVhadIleft解析：解析：雙賓語結構asksb.sth.表示“向某人詢問某事”。分析句意及句子結構可知，后面是一個由where引導的賓語從句，所以從句中應用陳述語序：又因為主句謂語asked用的是過去式，而從句動作發(fā)生在ask之前，因此從句應用過去完成時，表示事情發(fā)生在“過去的過去"。故選C。feltsoembarrassedthatIcouldn*tdoanythingbuttherewhenIfirstmetmypresentboss.（分數(shù)：2.00）tositsittingsatsitV解析：解析：couldn*tdoanythingbut其后應接不帶to的動詞不定式。故選D。Thescientistswantedtokeeppeopleaboutthebreakthroughintheirexperiment.（分數(shù)：2.00）informinforminginformedVtoinform解析：解析：固定搭配keepsb.doingsth.意為“使某人一直做某事"，keepsb.done意為“使某人被……”。inform意為“通知，告訴"，與people之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，因此要用過去分詞形式informed,表示被動。1amveryfamiliarthiscityasIhavebeenlivinghereformorethan10years.（分數(shù)：2.00）towithJinfor解析：Manypeoplebelievethatonehas,oneis,butactuallyitisnottrue.（分數(shù)：2.00）themoremoney:thehappierVthemoremoney:themorehappythelessmoney:thehappierthelessmoney:themorehappy解析：Myfatherisverybusy,andSundayistheonlydayhecanrelax.（分數(shù)：2.00）wherethatwhichwhenJ解析：解析：分析句子結構可知，本題考查定語從句。先行詞是表示時間的名詞day,并且定語從句是一個完整的句子，因此應該用關系副詞when引導定語從句，在從句中作狀語。1wouldliketostayinthesmal1townduetoitsweather.（分數(shù)：2.00）generalsoftmiIdVgentle解析：解析：general：一般的，大體的：soft：柔軟的，溫柔的：mild：溫暖的，（天氣）溫和的：gentle：親切的，優(yōu)雅的。根據(jù)句意，選C。Itisreportedthataplanehasinthemountainousareaneartheborderlineofthatcountry.（分數(shù)：2.00）crashedVcrushedC.flashedD.clashed解析：解析：crash：墜毀，撞碎；crush：壓碎，弄皺：flash：使閃光，反射；clash：沖突，撞擊。根據(jù)句意可知，選A。1thinkweshouldstoparguingandworktogether,ifwewanttogetnearasolutiontotheproblem.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.anywhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.somewhereV解析：解析：getsomewhere：有些進展，為固定搭配。故選D。Thegardenertheboynottosteponthegrass.（分數(shù)：2.00）suggestedchargedwarnedVinsisted解析：解析：suggest：建議，常用于suggeststh./doingsth.結構：charge：控告，收（費），常用于"charsesb.+金錢"或"chargesb.withsth.“結構；warn：告誡，提醒，警告，常用于"warnsb.（not）todosth.”結構；insist：堅持，強調(diào)，后面常接賓語從句。根據(jù)句意可知，選C。-I*mafraidwemustgonowifwedon'twanttogetcaughtinthetrafficjam.—OK.（分數(shù)：2.00）Itdoesn*tmatterYou'rewelcomeTakecareVD.Nevermind解析：解析：itdoesn*tmatter：沒關系；you'rewelcome：不客氣，不用謝：takecare：小心，當心；nevermind：沒關系，別提了。根據(jù)語境可知，選C。Youmightnot1ikethewaySambehaves,butpleasebekindtohim.,heisyourgrandfather.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.Afteral1JAboveallInallAtall解析：Tomsroomisinaterriblemess,everythingseemsinit.（分數(shù)：2.00）outofcontroloutofdateoutoforderVD.outofservice解析：Atthe60thanniversary,theguestssittinginthefrontarethosegraduatesfromtheuniversity.（分數(shù)：2.00）faithfulB.distinguishedJimpressiveinteresting解析：解析：faithful：忠實的，忠誠的；distinguished：著名的，卓越的，受人尊敬的，顯得重要的，常用來修飾人；impressive：給人印象深刻的，引人注目的；interesting：有趣的，有意思的，常用來形容物。根據(jù)句意，此處應該指“那些優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生”，所以選B。Wewerecaughtinatrafficjam.Bythetimewearrivedattheairporttheplane.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.willtakeoffB.wouldtakeoffC.hastakenoffD.hadtakenoffJ解析：解析：“bythetime+過去某個時間”作時間狀語時，主句用過去完成時，表示從句所表示的動作在過去某個時間之前已經(jīng)完成，即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。本句表示“在我們到達之前飛機就已經(jīng)起飛了”，所以選D。33.isnotknownyet.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.AlthoughheisseriousaboutitNomatterhowwewilldothetaskWhetherwewillgooutingornotVUnlesstheycometoseeus解析：解析：本題考查的是主語從句的用法。分析句子結構可以看出本句缺少主語，只能選擇可以作主語的句子或成分。四個逸項中只有C項可以充當主語從句。although和nomatterhow常引導讓步狀語從句unless常引導條件狀語從句。Youcan'trelyonJaneassheischanginghermindandyouwillneverknowwhatsheisgoingtodonext.（分數(shù)：2.00）occasionallyrarelyscarcelyconstantlyJ解析：解析：occasionally：偶爾，間或；rarely；罕見地，很少；scarcely:幾乎不，絕不；constantly：時刻，不斷，時常。根據(jù)句意“簡不可靠”是因為“她時常改變主意”可知，應選D。Kidswillsoongettiredoflearningmorethantheycan.（分數(shù)：2.00）iftheyexpecttolearniftheyareexpectedtolearnViftheylearntoexpectiftheyarelearnedtoexpect解析：解析：本句為if引導的條件狀語從句，主句是將來時，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，且they與expect之間是動賓關系，所以要用被動語態(tài)theyareexpectedto。故選B。Manypeoplepreferthebowlsmadeofsteeltothemadeofplastic.（分數(shù)：2.00）itoneonesVthem解析：解析：本題考查代詞的用法。根據(jù)句意及句子結構可知，空處指代的是前面的thebowlso用于指代前面提到的可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)時，為了避免重復，可用theones來替代。fromfaraway,the600-metertowerisstretchingintothesky.（分數(shù)：2.00）SeeSeeingToseeSeenJ解析：38.Thetribehadbeenlivinginthatpartoftheareaforgenerationsuntilthecivi1war.（分數(shù):2.00）A.brokedownB.brokeoffC.brokeoutJD.brokeup解析：解析：根據(jù)句意可知，C項最合適.39.,Martincanreachthebranchofthattai1treeatthegate.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.AsashortmanB.BeingshortC.AsheisshortD.ShortasheisJ解析：解析：as意為“盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句時，應用倒裝語序，即將表語、狀語或動詞原形提至as前面，用來表示強調(diào)。本題應將作表語的short提至句首，所以選D。40.Thetemperatureislikelytogodownnextweek.,wewillhavetocanceltheoutdooractivities.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.InthatcaseJIncaseInnocaseInanycase解析：解析：inthatcase：如果那樣的話，既然是那樣。incase作“免得，以防”講時，引導目的狀語從句；作“假使”講時，引導條件狀語從句。innocase：絕不，在任何情形下都不，若置于句首，句子要用倒裝語序。inanycase：在任何情況下，不管怎樣，相當于anyhow。根據(jù)句意可知，選A。二、ReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：4,分數(shù)：40.00）Whenthinkingaboutquittingsmoking,youshouldlistallthereasonswhyyouwanttoquit.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatoneofthereasons10times.Decidepositivelythatyouwanttoquit.Trytoavoidnegativethoughtsabouthowdifficultitmightbe.Developstrongpersonalreasonsaswellasyourhealthandresponsibi1itytoothers.Forexample,thinkofallthetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks,rushingouttobuyapack,huntingforalight,etc.Setadateforquitting-perhapsaspecialdaylikeyourbirthdayoraholiday.Ifyousmokeheavilyatwork,quitduringyourvacation.Makethedatesacredseriously,anddon,tletanythingchangeit.Begintoconditionyourselfphysically:startamodestexercise:drinkmorewater:getplentyofrest.Thefirstfewdaysafteryouquit,spendasmuchfreetimeaspossibleinplaceswheresmokingisprohibitedlikelibraries,museums,theatres,departmentstores,etc.Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice.Trytoavoidwine,coffee,andotherdrinkswhichremindyouofcigarettesmoking.Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette.Ifyoumissthesensationofhavingacigaretteinyourhand,playwithsomethingelse-apencil,apenoraruler.Ifyoumisshavingsomethinginyourmouth,tryatoothpickorafakecigarette.（分數(shù)：10.00）（1）.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheauthor?（分數(shù)：2.00）Wheneveryoufeellikeacigarette,trytoforgetitbystartingaconversationwithsomeone.VTrytobeanice-breakerbeforeaskingforalight.Ifyoumissthesensationofhavingacigaretteinyourmouth,playwithapen.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatthereasons10times.解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette."可知，想抽煙時，可以和別人聊聊天，所以選項A正確。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句可知，選項D應為"repeatoneofthereasons0。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知，選項C中的moulh應改為hand。選項B內(nèi)容文章未提及。（2）.Fromthepassage,weknowsmokers.（分數(shù)：2.00）wastealotoftimesmokingVhavetoquitsmokingfromtimetotimecanonlyquitsmokingduringtheirholidaystartamodestandeasyexercise解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“…thinkofal1thetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks,rushingouttobuyapack?huntingforalight…”可知，抽煙很浪費時間，所以選A。（3）.Theauthorsuggested.（分數(shù)：2.00）allkindsofdrinksbeavoidedimmediatelyafterquittingdrinkingwaterandfruitjuiceinsteadofwine,coffeeandotherdrinksVtryinglow-tarcigarettesinunediatelyafterquittingD.spendingasmuchtimeaspossibleinpublicplaces解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段“Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice.Trytoavoidwine,coffee,andotherdrinkswhichremindyouofcigarettesmoking.“可知，戒煙時應喝大量的水和果汁，所以選項B符合題意，選項A說法不正確：文章并未提到選項C,所以不正確：根據(jù)第三段“Thefirstfewdaysafteryouquit*spendasmuchfreetimeaspossibleinplaceswheresmokingisprohibitedIike1ibraries,museums***n可知,作者建議戒煙者盡可能多地待在禁止抽煙的地方，而不是publicplaces（公共場合），因為并非所有公共場合都禁煙，所以選項D不正確。（4）.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.SmokingIsHarmfulB.DoNotSmokeSmokingIsDifficulttoQuitHowtoQuitSmokingV解析：解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一些戒煙的好方法，所以最佳的題目是“HowtoQuitSmoking（如何戒煙）”。其他三個選項均不能全面正確地概括文章大意。（5）.Ifthearticleisinanewspaper,whichsectionisitin?（分數(shù)：2.00）Sports.News.Health.JCulture.解析：解析：推理判斷題。本文主要講了戒煙的方法，根據(jù)常識可知，戒煙是為了健康，所以這篇文章最可能出現(xiàn)在報紙中“健康”這一部分。故選C。Byadoptingafewsimpletechniques,parentswhoreadtotheirchildrencangreatlyincreasetheirchildren，s1anguagedevelopment.Itissurprisingbuttrue.Howparentstalktotheirchildrenmakesabigdifferenceinthechildren*slanguagedevelopment.Ifaparentencouragesthechildtoactivelyrespondtowhattheparentisreading,thechildfslanguageskillsincrease.Astudywasdonewith30three-year-oldchildrenandtheirparents.HalfofthechiIdrenparticipatedintheexperimentalstudy:theotherhalfactedasthecontrolgroup.Intheexperimentalgroup,theparentsweregivenatwo-hourtrainingsessioninwhichtheyweretaughttoaskopen-endedquestionsratherthanyes-or-noquestions.Forexample,theparentshouldask,“Whatisthedoggiedoing?*ratherthan*Isthedoggierunningaway?*TheparentsintheexperimentalgroupwerealsoinstructedinhowtohelpchiIdrenfindanswers,howtosuggestalternativepossibilitiesandhowtopraisecorrectanswers.Atthebeginningofthestudy,thechiIdrendidnotdifferinmeasuresoflanguagedevelopment,butattheendofonemonth,thechildrenintheexperimentalgroupshowed5.5monthsaheadofthecontrolgrouponatestofverbalexpressionandvocabulary.Ninemonthslater,thechildrenintheexperimentalgroupstillshowedanadvanceof6monthsoverthechildreninthecontrolgroup.（分數(shù)：10.00）.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?（分數(shù)：2.00）ChiIdrenwhotalkalotaremoreintel1igent.ParentswholistentotheirchiIdrencanteachthemmore.Activechildrenshouldreadmoreandbegivenmoreattention.Verbalabilitycaneasilybedevelopedwithpropermethods.V解析：解析：推理判斷題。.Whatdoes"It"inLine2canmostprobablybereplacedby?（分數(shù):2.00）ParentstincreasingchiIdren*slanguagedevelopment.VB.Readingtechniquesbeingsimple.Parents*readingtochildren.Children'sintelligencedevelopment.解析：解析：詞語理解題。.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingquestionsisthebesttypetoaskchildrenabout?（分數(shù)：2.00）A.Doyouseetheelephant?B.Istheelephantinthecage?C.Whatanimalsdoyoulike?VD.Shal1wegotothezoo?解析：解析：推理判斷題。.Thedifferencebetweenthecontrolgroupandtheexperimentalgroupwas.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.thetrainingthatparentsreceivedVB.theageofthechildrenC.thebooksthatwerereadD.thenumberofthechildren解析：解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句可知，兩組的區(qū)別在于實驗組里的家長接受了培訓。.Thebestconclusionwecandrawfromthepassageisthat.（分數(shù)：2.00）parentsshouldbetrainedtoreadtotheirchildrenthemorechildrenread,themoreintelligenttheywillbecomechiIdren*slanguageski11sincreasewhentheyarerequiredtorespondactivelyJD.childrenwhoreadactivelyseemsixmonthsold解析：解析：主旨大意題。全文都在講父母可以采取一些方法來提高孩子的語言能力，即通過鼓勵孩子積極回答，從而提高孩子的語言能力。故選C。Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon*persuasivesalesmanship*tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirstendeavor（努力）tofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolent（慈善的）orthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction-thefirmandthecustomer-andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers,Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtotheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid-1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestoration（恢復）oftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenew.KingCustomerruled!（分數(shù)：10.00）.Themarketingconceptdiscussedinthepassageis,inessence,.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.thepracticeofturninggoodsintomoneyB.makinggoodsavailableforpurchaseC.thecustomer-centeredapproachJD.aformofpersuasivesalesmanship解析：解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句"Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers."和第三句"Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept…”可推知，本文討論的市場營銷觀念本質(zhì)上是以顧客為中心的方式。故選C。.Whatwasthemainconcernofindustrialistsbeforethemarketingconceptwaswidelyaccepted?（分數(shù)：2.00）A.Theneedsofthemarket.B.Theefficiencyofproduction.VC.Thesatisfactionoftheuser.D.Thepreferencesofthedealer.解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第?段第二句"Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon'persuasivesalesmanship*tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.”可知，在市場營銷觀念被廣泛接受之前，實業(yè)家們最關心的是生產(chǎn)效率。故選B。.Accordingtothepassage,*tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible*（Para.1）means—.（分數(shù)：2.00）tosei1thelargestpossibleamountofgoodsJtotransportgoodsasefficientlyaspossibleC.todisposeofthesegoodsinlargequantitiesD.toredesignthesegoodsforlarge-scaleproduction解析：解析：詞語理解題。本題關鍵在于對move一詞的理解。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“…mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedonipersuasivesalesmanship,tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.“可知，廠家強調(diào)生產(chǎn)效率，并依賴“有說服力的銷售技巧”來盡可能地move更多產(chǎn)品。由此可推知，move在此作“銷售”講，所以選項A為正確答案。.WhatdoestherestorationoftheClassicCokebestillustrate?（分數(shù)：2.00）Traditionalgoodshaveastrongerappealtothemajorityofpeople.Ittakestimeforanewproducttobeacceptedbythepublic.Consumerswithconservativetastesareoftendifficulttoplease.Productsmustbedesignedtosuitthetasteoftheconsumer.V解析：解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三句“…thesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.”可知，后面列舉可口可樂的例子是為了證明生產(chǎn)者以消費者為中心的重要性。其中，caterto意為“迎合（ 的需要）"，與D項的suitthetasteof同義.故D項為正確答案。.Indiscussingthemarketingconcept,theauthorfocuseson.（分數(shù)：2.00）itsmaincharacteristicVitssocialimpactitspossibleconsequenceitstheoreticalbasis解析：解析：推理判斷題。文章第一段介紹了“市場營銷”概念普及之前的情況，即生產(chǎn)廠商只關心生產(chǎn)效率和產(chǎn)品銷售：第二段介紹了市場營銷的概念及其特點；第三段進一步分析了營銷概念的特征并舉例說明。由此可推知，文章主要是圍繞“市場營銷的特征”來展開的。Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintel1igentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoas*nature/nurture*.Thosewhosupportthe"nature"sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.Proponentsofthe“nurture"theory,orastheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists,viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic.Theymaintainthat,1ikemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.（分數(shù)：10.00）.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbesupportersofthe*nature*theoryagreewith?（分數(shù)：2.00）Aperson*sinstinctshave1ittleeffectonhisactions.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson*sbehaviorandpersonality.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.JThebehaviorists,viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題。.Whichofthefollowingstatementswou1dbeproponentsofthe"nurture“theoryagreewith?（分數(shù)：2.00）Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior.Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect.Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.Aperson*scharacterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment.解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題..B.F.Skinner.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.supportsthenaturetheorythinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantroleindeterminingcharacterJC.believesinstinctsgovernbehaviorD.believesintheimportanceofgenesindeterminingpersonality解析：解析：推理判斷題。由文章第四段第二句"Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.“可知，B.F.Skinner認為人們的行為幾乎是由環(huán)境塑造的，所以B項正確。.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversy,thewriterofthisarticle.（分數(shù)：2.00）A.supportsthenaturetheoryB.supportsthenurturetheoryC.believesbotharecompletelywrongD.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboththeoriesV解析：解析：事實細節(jié)題。由文章最后一段第二句"Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.”可知，作者認為，人類行為的秘密可能會源于這兩個理論，而不是兩者中的某一個，所以D項表述正確。.IntheU.S.,blackpeopleoftenscorebelowwhitepeopleonintelligencetests.Withthisinmind,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?（分數(shù)：2.00）Natureproponentswou1dsaythatwhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoblack.Nurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatblacksarebiologicallyinferiortowhites.Supportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatwhitesscorewellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment.JBehavioristswouldsaythatblacksoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy.解析：解析：推理判斷題。由文章對先天理論和后天理論的描述可知，先天理論認為人們的個性和行為方式主要受生物和基因因素影響，而后天理論則認為影響行為方式的主要因素是環(huán)境。由此可知選項A、B、D均正確。C項中“先天理論的支持者會說白人得分高是因為他們有一個優(yōu)越的環(huán)境”的說法顯然是錯誤的。三、Cloze（總題數(shù)：1,分數(shù)：40.00）Manyoftheworld'spollutionproblemshavebeencausedbythecrowdingoflargegroupsofpeopleintothecities.Tosupplyfortheneedsofthepeople[Cl]furtherpollutionbyindustry.[C2]therapidincreaseinhumanpollutioncontinues[C3]thepresentrate,theremaybe[C4]greaterharm.Somescientistsspeakoftheincreaseinthenumberofpeople[C5]*populationpollution*,About2,000years（C6],theworldpopulationwasprobablyabout250mi11ion.It[C7]aboutonebillionin1850.By1930thepopulationwasabouttwobillion.Itis[C8]oversevenbillion.Anditis[C9]tobeover9billionbytheyear2050.Ifthepopulationcontinuestogrowat[CIO]samerate,therewouldbetwenty-fivebillionpeopleintheworldahundredyears[Cll]now!Manhasbeen[C12]theearth'sresourcesmoreandmorerapidlyovertheyears.Someofthemarealmostgone.Nowmanypeop1ebelievethatmantsgreatestproblemis[C13]tocontrolthe[C14] ofhisownpopulation.Thematerialsintheworldwillnotsupportthehuman[C15] ,intimestocome,ifthepresentrateofincrease[C16] .Alreadythereisovercrowdinginthecitiesand[C17]insomecountries.Canman,sincreaserate[C18] ?Manypeoplebelieve[C19]humansurvivalinthefuture（C20]ontheanswertothisquestion.（分數(shù)：40.00）（1）.[Cl]（分數(shù)：2.00）A.runsacrossleadstoJresultsfrombringsout解析：解析：詞義辨析題。runacross：偶然遇到，撞見；leadto：導致；resultfrom：由于；bringout：使顯現(xiàn)，生產(chǎn)，出版。根據(jù)上文可知，大量人口涌入城市使得產(chǎn)生了很多污染問題，所以空處應填leadstoo.[C2]（分數(shù)：2.00）WhetherIfVUnlessAnd解析：解析：語法結構題。根據(jù)語境可知，此處為條件狀語從句，所以應選if（如果）。whether：是否；unless：除非，如果不；and：并且，均不符合語境。.[C3]（分數(shù)：2.00）atVoninby解析：解析：詞語搭配題。at…rate為固定搭配，意為“以……速度”。.[C4]（分數(shù):2.00）manymuchVmoremost解析：解析：語法結構題。.[C5]（分數(shù)：2.00）liketoasVfor解析：解析：詞語搭配題。.[C6]（分數(shù)：2.00）A.earlierpastbeforeagoJ解析：解析：詞義辨析題。.[C7]（分數(shù)：2.00）reachedVgotC.arrivedD.went解析：解析：詞義辨析題。從上文的數(shù)字可知，世界人口一直在增長，所以此處表達的是“人口在1850年達到10億"。reach：達到，是及物動詞，其后可直接跟賓語；get和go作“達到”講時，是不及物動詞，不能直接跟賓語：arrive：到達，不及物動詞。故選A。.[C8]（分數(shù)：2.00）inthefutureinthepastnowJthen解析：解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，本段主要講述過去、現(xiàn)在以及將來的人口狀況。由句中的is可知，此處講述的是現(xiàn)在的人口狀況，所以選C。.[C9](分數(shù)：2.00)A.saidB.expectedVC.plannedD.arranged解析：解析：邏輯推理題。由上題的分析和句中的bytheyear2050可知，此處是對將來人口狀況的估計。Itisexpected意為"預計"，符合語境。.[C10](分數(shù)：2.00)aantheVD./解析：解析：詞語搭配題。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表達的是“如果人口繼續(xù)以相同的速度增長”，特指上文所描述的速度，所以應用定冠詞the。.[C11](分數(shù)：2.00)A.untilfromVoutonto解析：解析：詞語搭配題。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是對將來人口的估計，所以應選from,ahundredyearsfromnow意為“一百年以后”。.[C12](分數(shù)：2.00)A.usingJB.destroyingC.discoveringD.digging解析：解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表達的是“人們一直在使用地球上的資源”。use：使用，符合語境；destroy：破壞，毀壞；discover：發(fā)現(xiàn)；dig：挖掘。.[C131(分數(shù)：2?00)whywhathowJthat解析：解析：語法結構題。分析句子成分可知，空處之后為表語從句，應用連接副詞how來引導，意為“如何”。.[C14](分數(shù)：2.00)existencestartgrowthVbirth解析：解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達的是“人類最大的問題是如何控制人口增長”。existence：存在；start：開始：growth：增長，符合語境；birth：出生。.[C15](分數(shù)：2.00)A.populationinterestssurvivalneedsJ解析：解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Tosupplyfortheneedsofthepeople-w可知，此處為原詞復現(xiàn)，空處應填needs,意為“需求”。.[C16]（分數(shù)：2.00）A.continuesJwillcontinueC.continuedD.continuing解析：解析：語法結構題。分析句子結構可知，本句為if引導的條件句，根據(jù)“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則可知，從句應用-一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。.[C17]（分數(shù)：2.00）A.coldnesshungerJC.thirstyD.drought解析：解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)上下文可知，世界資源匱乏，不能供給更多人去利用，所以人們會遭遇饑餓問題。故選B。.[C181（分數(shù)：2.00）raisecontinueJoverup解析：解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表達的是“人口的增長速度會繼續(xù)下去嗎？”因此應選continue,意為“繼續(xù)”。.[C19]（分數(shù)：2.00）whathowwhichthatV解析：解析：語法結構題。分析句子結構可知，本句為賓語從句，從句句子成分完整，所以應用連接代詞that來引導。.[C20]（分數(shù)：2.00）dependsJagreessavespasses解析：解析：詞義辨析題。dependon為固定搭配，意為“依靠，取決于”,符合語境。agreeon：達成一致；save不能與on搭配使用；passon:傳遞，繼續(xù)。四、{{B}}SectionBDirections:TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù):20,00）Hissuggestionthatweshouldrememberallthosewhohavegonebeforeusisfairlyreasonable.（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：他建議我們應該記住所有那些先驅(qū)者，這的確很有道理。）解析：Thankstosomenewinventions,doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：多虧了一些新發(fā)明，醫(yī)生才能成功地治療這種疾病。）解析：Unlesstheproblemoftalentsandfundsissolved,talkingaboutthetaskisuseless.（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：不解決人才和資金問題，談論這項任務是無濟于事的。）解析：Theexaminationleftnodoubtthatthepatienthaddiedofcancer.（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：調(diào)查結果清清楚楚地說明了病人死于癌癥。）解析：Hefavoredtheeffortstoimproverelationswithallpeace-lovingcountries.（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：他贊成為了同所有愛好和平的國家改善關系而進行努力。）解析：我剛上火車，車就開了。（分數(shù):2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：Hard1yhadIgotaboardwhenthetrainstarted.）解析：由于天氣很好，我們決定去爬山。（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：Astheweatherisfine,wedecidetoclimbthemountain.）解析：讓我們更加努力工作，以便能提前完成計劃。（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：Let,sworkhardersothatwemayfulfillourplanaheadofschedule.）解析：如果有機會，約翰也許就成為一位杰出的畫家了。（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：Givenachance,Johnmaybecomeanoutstandingpainter.）解析：就氣候而言，這個城市是理想的居住之地。（分數(shù)：2.00）正確答案：（正確答案：Asfarastheclimateisconcerned,thecityisanidealplacetolivein.）解析：五、Writing（總題數(shù):1,分數(shù)：2.00）Forthispart,youarerequi