2006年考研英語真題解析-d2019中快樂人獲取及時(shí)

SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica’spopulation.1,homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalernmentscan’tpossibly2.Tohelphomelesspeople3independence,thefederal mustsupportjobtrainingprograms,4theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.5everyoneagreesonthenumberofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates6anywherefrom600,000to3million.7thefiguremayvary, ystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis8.Oneofthefederalernment’sstudies9thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.Findingwaysto10thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhas eincreasinglydifficult.11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda12thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday13thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneededtoturntheirlives16.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare17programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.18EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,19it,“Therehastobe20ofprograms.What’sneededisapackagedeal.”1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A][B][C][D]7.[A]Now[B][C][D]Except8.[A][B][C][D]9.[A][B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A][B][C][D]12.[A][B][C][D]13.[A][B][C][D]14.[A][B][C][D]15.[A][B][C][D]16.[A][B][C][D]17.[A] [B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]18.[A][B][C][D]19.[A][B][C][D]20.[A][B][D]SectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshopintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday’simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofthepopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation—language,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish‘well’or‘verywell’aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S.-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica’sturbulentpast,today’ssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.Theword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobably [B][C] [D]Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19th playedaroleinthespreadofpopular [B]becameintimateshopsforcommon[C]satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeable [D]oweditsemergencetothecultureofThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowinthe areresistantto [B]exertagreatinfluenceonAmerican[C]arehardlyathreattothecommon [D]constitutethemajorityoftheWhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraphToprovetheirpopularityaroundthe [B]Torevealthepublic’sfearof[C]Togiveexamplesofsuccessful [D]ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanIntheauthor’sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansociety [B][C] [D]TextStratford-on-Avon,asweallknow,hasonlyoneindustry—WilliamShakespeare—buttherearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostilebranches.ThereistheRoyalShakespeareCompany(RSC),whichpresentssuperbproductionsoftheplaysattheShakespeareMemorialTheatreontheAvon.Andtherearethetownsfolkwholargelyliveoffthetouristswhocome,nottoseetheplays,buttolookatAnneHathaway’sCottage,Shakespeare’sbirthplaceandtheothersights.TheworthyresidentsofStratforddoubtthatthetheatreaddsapennytotheirrevenue.TheyfranklydisliketheRSC’sactors,themwiththeirlonghairandbeardsandsandalsandnoisiness.It’salldeliciouslyironicwhenyouconsiderthatShakespeare,whoearnstheirliving,washimselfanactor(withabeard)anddidhisshareofnoise-making.Thetouriststreamsarenotentirelyseparate.Thesightseerswhocomebybus—andoftentakeinWarwickCastleandBlenheimPalaceontheside—don’tusuallyseetheplays,andsomeofthemareevensurprisedtofindatheatreinStratford.However,theplaygoersdomanagealittlesight-seeingalongwiththeirplaygoing.Itistheplaygoers,theRSCcontends,whobringinmuchofthetown’srevenuebecausetheyspendthenight(someofthemfourorfivenights)pouringcashintotheho sandrestaurants.Thesightseerscantakeineverythingandgetoutoftownbynightfall.Thetownsfolkdon’tseeitthiswayandthelocalcouncildoesnotcontributedirectlytothesubsidyoftheRoyalShakespeareCompany.Stratfordcriespoortraditionally.Neverthelesseveryhointownseemstobeaddinganewwingorcocktaillounge.Hiltonisbuildingitsownhothere,whichyoumaybesurewillbedecoratedwithHamletHamburgerBars,theLearLounge,theBanquoBanquetingRoom,andsoforth,andwillbeveryexpensive.Anyway,thetownsfolkcan’tunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.(Thetheatrehasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.Lastyearits1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyearthey’lldobetter.)Thereason,ofcourse,isthatcostshaverocketedandticketpriceshavestayedlow.ItwouldbeashametoraisepricestoomuchbecauseitwoulddriveawaytheyoungpeoplewhoareStratford’smostattractivecliene.Theycomeentirelyfortheplays,notthesights.Theyallseemtolookalike(thoughtheycomefromallover)—lean,pointed,dedicatedfaces,wearingjeansandsandals,eatingtheirbunsandbeddingdownforthenightontheflagstonesoutsidethetheatretobuythe20seatsand80standing-roomticketsheldforthesleepersandsoldtothemwhentheboxofficeopensat10:30a.m.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,welearn thetownsfolkdenytheRSC’scontributiontothetown’stheactorsoftheRSCimitateShakespeareonandoffthetwobranchesoftheRSCarenotongoodthetownsfolkearnlittlefromItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3 thesightseerscannotvisittheCastleandthePalaceseparatheplaygoersspendmoremoneythanthethesightseersdomoreshopthanthetheplaygoersgotonootherplacesintownthantheBysaying“Stratfordcriespoortraditionally”(Line2,Paragraph4),theauthorimplies Stratfordcannotaffordtheexpansion [B]Stratfordhaslongbeeninfinancial[C]thetownisnotreallyshortof [D]thetownsfolkusedtobepoorlyAccordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsidy ticketpricescanberaisedtocoverthe [B]thecompanyisfinanciallyill-[C]thebehavioroftheactorsisnotsocially [D]thetheatreattendanceisontheFromthetextwecanconcludethatthe issupportiveofboth [B]favorsthetownsfolk’s[C]takesadetached [D]issympathetictotheWhenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals:theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen.Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Today’svesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsalitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearlydaysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundDr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingbaseline”.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthe umsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodoTheextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggest largeanimalswerevulnerabletothechangingsmallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalslargeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreatslow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingWecaninferfromDr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaper thestockoflargepredatorsinsomeoldfisherieshasreducedbythereareonlyhalfasmanyfisheriesastherewere15yearsthecatchsizesinnewfisheriesareonly20%oftheoriginalthenumberoflargepredatorsdroppedfasterinnewfisheriesthanintheBysaying“thesefiguresareconservative”(Line1,paragraph3),Dr.Wormmeans fishingtechnologyhasimproved [B]thencatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthan[C]themarinebiomasshassufferedagreater [D]thedatacollectedsofarareoutofDr.Myersandotherresearchershold peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcanworkforalongerfisheriesshouldkeeptheiryieldsbelow50%ofthetheoceanbiomassshouldberestoredtoitsoriginalpeopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetothechangingTheauthorseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmost management [B]biomass[C]catch-size [D]technologicalManythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweird.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.Thiswasn’talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswewentfromWordsworth’sdaffodilstoBaudelaire’sflowersofevil.Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensomuchmisery.Butit’snotasifearliertimesdidn’tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofexpressionalmostcompleydedicatedtodepictingAdvertising.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Butwhatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonusforgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedarttolus,asreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends,andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.BycitingtheexamplesofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshow poetryisnotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingorartgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativepoetstodayarelessskepticalofartistshavechangedtheirfocusofTheword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeans [B] [C] [D]Intheauthor’sopinion, emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyisacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralreplacethechurchasamajorsourceofcreatesanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthor happinessmoreoftenthannotendsintheanti-happyartisdistastefulbutmiseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthantheanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomyWhichofthefollowingistrueoftheReligiononcefunctionedasareminderofArtprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandPeoplefeeldisappointedattherealitiesofmodernMassmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersandPartBInthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofnumberedgaps.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)OnthenorthbankoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximay$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,a“FunCard”,whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,theseactivities ewhathecalls“electronic .In1997helost$21,000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthe“medical/psychological”natureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-being..TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefun...andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromthe naDepartmentofMentalHealth.Nevertheless,Williams’ssuitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling,”intentionallyworkedto“l(fā)ure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill.”Well..ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthethrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall..Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsas alitydisordersakintophysicaldisabilities..Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton—youmightsayaddictedto—revenuesfromwagering.AndsincethefirstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers’dollarshas eintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassed ographyastheWeb’smostprofitablebusiness.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.AndinwhatsensewashiswillBythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthe$5,500,buthedidnotGamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaistheDavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonItisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.Butevenifthe ernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsforngso?PartCReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)IsittruethattheAmericaninlectualisrejectedandconsideredofnoaccountinhissociety?Iamgoingtosuggestthatitisnottrue.FatherBruckbergertoldpartofthestorywhenheobservedthatitistheinlectualswhohaverejectedAmerica.Buttheyhavedonemorethanthat.Theyhavegrowndissatisfiedwiththeroleoftheinlectual.Itisthey,notAmerica,whohave eanti-inlectual.First,theobjectofourstudypleadsfordefinition.Whatisaninlectual?(46)IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginaSocratic()wayaboutmoralproblems.Heexploressuchproblemsconsciously,articulay,andfrankly,firstbyaskingfactualquestions,thenbyaskingmoralquestions,finallybysuggestingactionwhichseemsappropriateinthelightofthefactualandmoralinformationwhichhehasobtained.(47)Hisfunctionis ogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamatteraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.Thisdefinitionexcludesmanyindividualsusuallyreferredtoasin lectuals—theaveragescientist,forone.(48)Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehis plishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems.Likeotherhumanbeings,heencountersmoralissuesevenintheeverydayperformanceofhisroutineduties—heisnotsupposedtocookhisexperiments,manufactureevidence,ordoctorhisreports.(49)Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcode ernshisactivity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness.Duringmostofhiswakinglifehewilltakehiscodeforgranted,asthebusinessmantakeshisethics.Thedefinitionalsoexcludesthemajorityofteachers,despitethefactthatteachinghastraditionallybeenthemethodwherebymanyin lectualsearntheirliving.(50)Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.Thisdescriptionevenfitsthemajorityofeminentscholars.Beinglearnedinsomebranchofhumanknowledgeisonething;livingin“publicandillustriousthoughts,”asEmersonwouldsay,issomethingelse.SectionIIIPartYouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan.Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEETDonotsignyournameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”Donotwritetheaddress.(10PartStudythefollowingphotoscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoudescribethephotosinterpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythem,giveyourpointofYoushouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(202006年招生考試英語（一）答案詳SectionIUseof一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文介紹了無家可歸者日益增多這個(gè)社會(huì)問題。第一、二段分析問題的嚴(yán)重性，在無家可歸者的數(shù)量不斷增長(zhǎng)，已經(jīng)到了必須采取措施給他們提供幫助的地步。第三段幫助無家可歸者的任務(wù)相當(dāng)艱二、試題具體解析【答案】【考點(diǎn)】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】stand，經(jīng)【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】【解析】空所在的句意為：無家可歸問題已經(jīng)達(dá)到了如此的規(guī)模，以至于地方都不能。從句意可以看出【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞法搭配【難度系數(shù)】【解析】從空所在的位置可以判斷出本題考查的是help后面的介詞搭配的用法。helpsb.inngsth.，表示“幫兩者代入文中，語意上講不通。for表示目的，幫助，前面不定式已經(jīng)表示了目的，“為了幫助無家可歸的人為了獨(dú)立”語意也不通。toward表示“趨向，接近”，后面常接抽象名詞，符合文意。故正確答案為D。raiseaddtakekeep【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】而這種措施必然是改進(jìn)措施，對(duì)于工資來說，改善的條件自然是提高工資，表示漲工資只有A項(xiàng)。not【答案】【考點(diǎn)】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】【解析】空所在的句子顯然是表達(dá)人們對(duì)無家可歸者的數(shù)量看法，后面談到人們的看法從600,000到3millioncoverrangediffer【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】【解析】從該句中“from600,000to3million”判斷出，這里應(yīng)該表示對(duì)數(shù)字的估計(jì)范圍。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，可以表示范圍的詞只有C，range常與from…to搭配表示“從……到……范圍”。故正確答案為C。NowthatExceptthat【答案】【考點(diǎn)】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】increasing【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】【解析】從文章前面的內(nèi)容可以看出，雖然人們?cè)跓o家可歸者的具體數(shù)量上有，但在增加的趨勢(shì)方面是一致的，因此空填入的詞應(yīng)該是表示無家可歸者數(shù)量的增加，而能表示數(shù)量的增加只有increasing，故答案為C。predictsprovesdiscovers【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】assisttracksustain【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】一含義的詞為A，故答案為A。HenceButEvenOnly【答案】【考點(diǎn)】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】的大部分人仍然在大街上流浪。這兩句顯然構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系，C符合語境，故答案為C。house【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】strolling【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】【解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B和Dstroll指很閑適的散步，顯然無家可歸者不可能還能很閑適地在大街上散步，而wandering表示一種漫無目的的游蕩，很適合形容這些無家可歸者，因此答案為D。oncewhereas【答案】【考點(diǎn)】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】歸者是由于精神方面的疾病，這里談到精神正常的人也有無家可歸者，兩者形成對(duì)比，故本空選擇C合適，表示對(duì)【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】們社會(huì)的最底層，所缺乏的當(dāng)然是謀求生存的技能，C符合這一狀況，故答案為C。(turn)on【答案】【考點(diǎn)習(xí)慣搭配【難度系數(shù)】【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】【解析】從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，填入的是修飾programprogram呢？后面的定語從句有program可以解決無家可歸者許多需求，那么四個(gè)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中能滿足這一要求的只有B項(xiàng)，故答案為SoAsThus【答案】【考點(diǎn)】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】【解析】comprehensiveprogramapackagedeal，assumesmakes【答案】【考點(diǎn)】習(xí)慣搭配【難度系數(shù)】manipulation【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】三、全文翻譯大家對(duì)于到底有多少無家可歸者的意見并不一致，估計(jì)數(shù)量在60萬到300萬之間。盡管人們估計(jì)的數(shù)字可在這個(gè)十年結(jié)束之前，無家可歸者的數(shù)量將接近1900萬。存技能。《波士頓日?qǐng)?bào)》克里斯·雷迪認(rèn)為只有通過全面規(guī)劃解決無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有SectionIIReadingPart一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)與內(nèi)容分析本文是一篇議。文章中心討論了的文化對(duì)的強(qiáng)大同化能力。第一段介紹了大眾文化的特點(diǎn)、和背后的推動(dòng)力；第二、三、四段采用事實(shí)論證了能快速融入社會(huì)，對(duì)大眾文化構(gòu)不成；第五段二、試題具體分析 【答案】【考點(diǎn)】詞義句意【難度系數(shù)】句和后句形成讓步關(guān)系，前句談到差別，作為讓步結(jié)構(gòu)，下句必然談到相似或一致的內(nèi)容，選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)assimilating符合題意，故答案為C。 【答案】【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)【難度系數(shù)】民族的融合是指文化的融合，而由這句可以判斷出文章的中心是關(guān)于文化融合方面的內(nèi)容，而百貨商店作這篇文章暗示了現(xiàn)在的【答案】【考點(diǎn)】推理判斷【難度系數(shù)】【解析】文章從第二段開始正式開始討論的文化問題，文章對(duì)的到來是這樣描述的“maynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous(可能沒有起到提升的作用，但也并非有害社會(huì))”，而且進(jìn)入“isneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation(速度并不是很快，同時(shí)他們也不排斥社會(huì)化的【補(bǔ)充】第二段首句含有特殊結(jié)構(gòu)not…but…，作者常強(qiáng)調(diào)but之后的部分，且含有hardly這樣的否定結(jié)構(gòu)，【答案】【考點(diǎn)】例證【難度系數(shù)】同化作用仍會(huì)置之不理’”。有這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系我們應(yīng)該可以判斷出兩者是用來例證文化的同化力量難以受到，也展現(xiàn)了文化的強(qiáng)大，因此選D。按照作者的觀點(diǎn)，社會(huì)對(duì)的吸收是【答案】【考點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度【難度系數(shù)】【解析】本文中心探討的是國外融入社會(huì)的問題。從文章作者對(duì)這一事件評(píng)論的語句“maynotbe討論的中心分析，在進(jìn)入后能很快的融入文化，說明融入是成功的，故答案為B。三、文章長(zhǎng)難句分析Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.absenceofdeference)，它們都是大眾文化的特征(characteristicofpopularculture)。注意：引號(hào)中的內(nèi)容是作者他【譯文 在，大眾文化的特點(diǎn)就是“在服飾和談吐方面大眾化的一致性、漫不經(jīng)心和不拘禮節(jié)”RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”主干是：childrenarefansof...，后面一句的主干是：“someAmericansfearthat…”，thatimmigrants...remainsomehowimmuneto...作fear的賓語。四、詞匯回homogenizevtdemocratizevt.使launchn..caterv.fitinintoindicesn.indexgraveyardn.pocketn..immuneadj.deterioratev.五、全文翻譯19世紀(jì)的百正在快速成為大眾文化的一部分，這種情況也許不能從總體上提升，但也幾乎沒有什么害處。在1890年前的10年中，這一數(shù)字為9.2?，F(xiàn)在，考慮一下三個(gè)同化的標(biāo)志——語言、所和異族通婚。失”。因此也被描述為語言的“墓地”。到了1996年，1970年之前到達(dá)的擁有的比例達(dá)到要高”。到了第三代，三分之一的西班牙裔婦女了非西班牙裔人，41%的亞裔婦女了非幾乎沒有出現(xiàn)社會(huì)環(huán)境和的跡象，尤其當(dāng)與的過去相比時(shí)更是如