謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)專題1 學(xué)案-高考英語語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)

Whateverhappenedinthepastisgone,thebestisalwaysyettocome.無論過去發(fā)生什么，最好的永遠(yuǎn)尚未到來。專題一動(dòng)詞學(xué)案01：謂語動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：_______________________動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則：情形規(guī)則詞例一般情況加-swork-works,live-lives,take-takes,write-writes以字母ch,sh,s,x,o結(jié)尾加-eswatch-watches,wish-wishes,kiss-kisses,fix-fixes,go-goes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾但元音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i，再加-esstudy-studies,carry-carries,bury-buries,fly-flies直接加-sdestroy-destroys,employ-employs,obey-obeys注：be的變化：_________________have的變化_________________定義：★通常表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.她總是樂于助人。The

sky

is

blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。Theoldmangoestoparkeverymorning.這位老人每天早上都去公園?！锉硎居篮愕恼胬硪约翱陀^事實(shí)。Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。Thesuncomesoutfromtheeast.太陽從東邊升起。★表示按規(guī)定或計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Thetrainstartsatseveninthemorning.火車早上七點(diǎn)出發(fā)?！镌跅l件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。Ifyouleavetomorrow,I’llseeyouattheairport.如果你明天走，我到機(jī)場(chǎng)送你。常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never等表示頻度的副詞onSunday,onMondayafternoon,everyday,everymorning,everyyear等時(shí)間狀語onceayear,twiceamonth,threetimesaweek之類的表示頻率的詞組被動(dòng)形式：______________________一般過去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：________________________動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：情形規(guī)則詞例一般情況下詞尾加-edWait-waited,borrow-borrowed,need-needed以e結(jié)尾只加-dArrive-arrived,excite-excited,change-changed以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾元音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i，再加-edstudy-studied,carry-carried,burry-buried直接加-eddestroy-destroyed,obey-obeyed以輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫輔音字母再加-edrob-robbed,rub-rubbed,stop-stopped以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾直接加-dlike-liked,provide-provided注：was用于第___________人稱單數(shù)；were用于其他人稱定義：★一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。Imethimyesterday.昨天我遇見了他。Theybegantoworktwomonthsago.兩個(gè)月前他們開始工作。★表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She

went

to

the

cinema

once

a

month

when

she

was

at

school.

她上學(xué)時(shí)每個(gè)月去看一場(chǎng)電影。

When

I

was

in

the

countryside,

I

often

walked

by

the

riverside.

我在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)經(jīng)常在河邊散步?！锿ㄟ^語境、上下文或說話人的口氣來判斷。Hewroteanovel.他寫了一部小說。Ididn’texpectyouwerewaitingforus.我沒預(yù)料到你正在等我們。常用于一般過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞yesterday及相關(guān)短語：yesterday,

the

day

before

yesterday...“l(fā)ast+

時(shí)間狀語”構(gòu)成的短語：last

night/week/month/spring/year...“一段時(shí)間+ago”組成的短語：two

days/months/years

ago...“介詞+

過去時(shí)間”組成的短語：in

1999

；intheTangDynasty,on

the

morning

of

December

25thjustnow,ontheotherday,oneday,then,thismorning,attheageof...被動(dòng)形式：___________________________一般將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)助動(dòng)詞will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形am/is/are+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形定義：★表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，或是打算要做的事。Hewillnotgototheairporttomeetherthisafternoon.今天下午他不去機(jī)場(chǎng)接她。Ishallbeeighteenyearsoldnextyear.明年我就十八歲了。Iamgoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?★表示同意或答應(yīng)做某事。Thatbaglooksheavy.I'llhelpyouwithit.這個(gè)包看起來很重，我來幫你提。Iwon'ttellanyonewhathappened,Ipromise.我保證不告訴別人所發(fā)生的事。常用于一般將來時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,inthefuture,in+時(shí)間段...被動(dòng)形式：________________________________________現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+v-ing動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則：情形規(guī)則詞例大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞直接加-ingwork-working,rain-raining,run-ruining以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾去掉e加-ingwrite-writing,come-coming,make-making以輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫輔音字母再加-ingrob-robbing,rub-rubbing,shop-shopping定義：★現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Listen,someoneiscrying.聽，有人在哭。Whatareyoudoingthesedays?這些天你們?cè)诟墒裁?？★表?jì)劃要做的動(dòng)作或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。（常表位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞go,come,leave,arrive,start,begin等）TheyareleavingforShanghai.他們將動(dòng)身去上海?！铿F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也與always,allthetime,constantly等連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，用以表達(dá)說話人贊揚(yáng)、討厭等情緒。Heisalwaysaskingthesamequestion.他總是問同一個(gè)問題。（厭煩）常用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞now,atpresent,rightnow,look,listen...被動(dòng)形式：_____________________________過去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+v-ing定義：★表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。★表示過去一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)也正在進(jìn)行，常用when,while這樣的時(shí)間狀語引導(dǎo)詞。Iwaswashingmyhairwhenyouknockedatthedoor.你敲門的時(shí)候我正在洗頭發(fā)。Whileyouwerereadingthepaper,Iwasworking.你在看報(bào)紙的時(shí)候我正在工作。常用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞atthattime/moment,then等被動(dòng)形式：__________________________【Exercise】Look!Thesweat______________(pour)downyourface.Letmeturnontheairconditioner.China'sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalradioTelescope____________(remain)thegloballeaderforthenext10to20years.I_____________(eat)lunchwhenIlearnedthatformerBritishprimeministerMargaretThatcherhadpassedaway.She______________(phone)someone,so

I

noddedtoherandwentaway.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody____________(have)toworryaboutfashion(時(shí)尚).TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment______________(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.

Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand______________(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts______________(reward)withsuccessintheend.Weareconfidentthattheenvironment________________(improve)byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.Mygrandpaoftenlooksbackonthosedaysinthecountryside,wherehe

_____________(work)forages.The____________(excite)momentwehadlookedforwardto_____________(come)atlast.Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,__________________(interview)shortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.TheDragonBoatFestival___________(mark)thebeginningofthehottestseasonoftheyear.Duetothecountry’sgrowingrateofurbanization,China’smigrantpopulation________________(predict)tobeover200millionby2030.Oursocietywouldbebetteroffbutfort