【KS5U解析】廣東省廣州市2020屆高三第一次調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題 Word版含解析

2020屆廣州市高三年級(jí)調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，卷面滿(mǎn)分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的名和考生號(hào)、試室號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并用鉛筆在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置填涂考生號(hào)。因聽(tīng)力另考，試卷從第二部分的“閱讀理解”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.回答非選擇題時(shí)，必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)鬩讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。astagecoachbuses—popularticketsdayridertravelasmuchasyoulikeinoneday.withstagecoachdayriderbusticketsyoucanmakeasmanyjourneysasyoulikeforoneday.theyoffermorevalueformoneythanbuyingasingleorreturn,asyoucantravelonallstagecoachbuseswithinyourchosenticketzone.buyticketsusingthestagecoachbusapporbuyonthebus.withcontactlesspaymentsnowavailableonallourbuses,youdon'tneedtoworryaboutfindingthecorrectchangebusandboatunlimitedbustravelforonecarintheselectedzone,plusaboatrideexplorethecountrysideonbusandthenenjoythefinemountainviewsfromthecomfortofaboatdeck.youcanboardoneofourmanyboatsorsteamerslocatedatfourofthedistrictsmostoutstandinglakes.stagecoachhavecombinedbusboatticketswhichareavailableforconiston,detwentwater,ullswaterandwindermeresightseeingticketsnevergetlostanddon'tmissathing.hop-onandhop-offalldayasmuchasyoulikeatanyofthebusstopsontherouteandseeallthebestsightsandattractionsyourchosentownorcityhastooffer.you'llalsoleamlotsofhistoryalongthewayfromoneofourexpertguidesstudentticketsflexiblestudentbusticketsareyouastudentandgettingreadyforthenewterm?youcantravelforalotlesswithstagecoach'sstudentbustickets.you'llneedacurrentstudentidcardwithaphototobuyastagecoachstudentticket.thenameonyouridcardwillneedtomatchthenameonyourticket.1.whatistrueaboutthe“dayrider”ticket?a.youneedthecorrectchangetobuyit.b.youcanuseittotravelanywhereinthecity.c.itcanbepurchasedwithyourmobilephone.d.itcanbeusedwithanybuscompany.2.ifyouwanttogosightseeingaroundofthelakeareas,whichticketisthemostsuitable?a.dayrider. b.busandboat.c.sightseeing. d.studenttickets.3.whatisneededifyouwanttobuyastudentticket?a.aphotoofyourself. b.yourname.c.thebusapp. d.validstudentid.【答案】1.c2.b3.d【解析】【分析】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了旅行出售的幾種不同的票。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)dayrider中buyticketsusingthestagecoachbusapporbuyonthebus.(使用stagecoach巴士應(yīng)用程序購(gòu)買(mǎi)車(chē)票或在巴士上購(gòu)買(mǎi)。)可知，可以用手機(jī)購(gòu)買(mǎi)the“dayrider”ticket。故選c項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)busandboat中youcanboardoneofourmanyboatsorsteamerslocatedatfourofthedistrictsmostoutstandinglakes.(您可以登上我們眾多船只中的一艘，或是位于四個(gè)地區(qū)中最杰出的湖泊的輪船。)可知，如果想環(huán)湖觀光，公共汽車(chē)和船票最合適。故選b項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)flexiblestudentbustickets中you'llneedacurrentstudentidcardwithaphototobuyastagecoachstudentticket.thenameonyouridcardwillneedtomatchthenameonyourticket.(你需要一張有照片的學(xué)生證才能買(mǎi)一張公共馬車(chē)學(xué)生票。你的身份證上的名字需要和你的車(chē)票上的名字相匹配。)可知，如果你想買(mǎi)學(xué)生票，需要有效的學(xué)生證。故選d項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)文章中某一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要實(shí)事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語(yǔ)義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。以本文第1小題為例，本題運(yùn)用定位法：根據(jù)dayrider中buyticketsusingthestagecoachbusapporbuyonthebus.可知，使用stagecoach巴士應(yīng)用程序購(gòu)買(mǎi)車(chē)票或在巴士上購(gòu)買(mǎi)。因此可以用手機(jī)購(gòu)買(mǎi)the“dayrider”ticket。故選c項(xiàng)。bwhenalleninvitedmeonacampingtriptothemountains,iimaginedawoodencabinoverlookingalake,withawarmfireplace,hotcocoa,andsoftbeds.butmyhappyimagebecameanightmarewhenallenandhisolderbrother,leo,showedupwithatruckfilledwithcampingequipment—tents,sleepingbags,andwaterbottles,weweregoingonsurvivaltraining!theever-efficientleowaskeentoleavethecitybehindusandurgedustohurry.severalhourslater,aswedrovethroughtheforest,themountainsseemedbiggerthaniremembered;thetreeswerelarger,andtheenvironmentfeltmorethreatening.atthetrailhead,leotiedasleepingbagontomyalreadyheavypackandlecturedallenandmeabouthikingrules.then,withleointhelead,wesetoffalongthenarrowandsteepdirttrackthatwoundupthemountain.after6hoursofclimbing,wefinallyreachedthetop.mylegsaching,idroppedmypackandgroanedbuttherewasnotimetorest."weneedtosetupcampquickly,"saidleo."therearedarkcloudscomingin.astorm’sonitsway."ithoughthewaskidding,butleowasquiteserious.heandallenworkedexpertly,whileistoodaroundandpretendedtohelp,thunderrumblinginthedistance.wejustfinishedputtingupthetentswhenithit.thewind,thunder,andlightningwererelentless.leo,sensingthatiwasscared,startedtellingussomestoriesabouthiscampingadventures.buteachtimelightninglitupthetentandthethunderechoed,ijumped."don'tworry.summerstormspassquickly,"leosaidtryingtocomfortme."andatleasttherainwillkeepthebearsaway,"hesaidwithateasingsmile,whichwaslesscomforting.andjustasquicklyasthestormcamerushingin,itpassed,andweexitedthetent.theviewwasincredible—icouldseeformiles.asdarknesssetin,istaredinwonderatthemillionsofglowingstarsinthenightsky.iwon'tlie—iwasstillwishingforahotshowerandasoftbed,butasigazedupwardatthemilkyway,iknewthiswasanadventureiwouldneverforget.4.whywastheauthorsurprisedwhenallencametogethimatthebeginningofthestory?a.allenhadarrivedearlierthanarranged.b.hesawthatallenwasnotwellprepared.c.herealizedtheirtripwouldbechallenging.d.allen'sbrotherwasunexpectedlywithhim.5.whywasitnecessarytosetupcampimmediatelyafterreachingthemountaintop?a.itwasalmostnighttime. b.theweatherwaschanging.c.theyweretiredandneededtorest. d.theyneededprotectionsfromanimals.6.whatcanweguessaboutleo?a.hewasanexperiencedandcapablehiker.b.hewasinconsiderateofother'sfeelings.c.hehadknownthewriterforalongtime.d.hehadnotbeentothismountainbefore.7.howdidtheauthorfeelattheendofthestory?a.satisfied. b.optimistic. c.scared. d.disappointed.【答案】4.c5.b6.a7.b【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與allen和他的哥哥一起去爬山的經(jīng)歷，在經(jīng)歷過(guò)艱難險(xiǎn)阻之后，終于看到了令人難忘的美麗風(fēng)景?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“butmyhappyimagebecameanightmarewhenallenandhisolderbrother,leo,showedupwithatruckfilledwithcampingequipment—tents,sleepingbags,andwaterbottles.”可知，當(dāng)allen和他大哥開(kāi)著載滿(mǎn)野營(yíng)裝備——帳篷、睡袋和水壺的卡車(chē)出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，我的美好想象變成了噩夢(mèng)，作者意識(shí)到他的旅行會(huì)是充滿(mǎn)挑戰(zhàn)的，c項(xiàng)切合題意。故選c項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“‘weneedtosetupcampquickly,’saidleo.‘therearedarkcloudscomingin.astormsonitsway.’”可知，leo說(shuō)他們需要馬上把帳篷搭起來(lái)，烏云來(lái)了，風(fēng)暴快到了，意在表明天氣在發(fā)生變化，所以到達(dá)山頂后要立刻搭起帳篷，b項(xiàng)切合題意。故選b項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“atthetrailhead,leotiedasleepingbagontomyalreadyheavypackandlecturedallenandmeabouthikingrules.”可知，到了登山口，leo把睡袋綁到了我已經(jīng)很重的背包上面，然后給我和allen講解登山的規(guī)則，表明leo是一個(gè)很有能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的登山者，a項(xiàng)切合題意。故選a項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“iwasstillwishingforahotshowerandasoftbed,butasigazedupwardatthemilkyway,iknewthiswasanadventureiwouldneverforget.”可知，作者仍想要洗個(gè)熱水澡和一個(gè)柔軟的床，但當(dāng)他抬頭望著銀河時(shí)，他知道這是一次難忘的旅程。作者在這樣的環(huán)境下仍能關(guān)注到美好的風(fēng)景，說(shuō)明作者有著積極的心態(tài)，b項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選b項(xiàng)。csleep,consideredaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity(beingveryoverweight),highbloodsugarlevels,andheartdisease.now,anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.jeffreygross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.whilegross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepastudentgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.evenmoreinteresting,itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.instead,it'sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.thetimestudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.thosewhowenttobedinearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigher-performingstudent."whenyougotobedmatters,"grosssays,"ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepforsevenhours,yourperformanceisthesame.butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.so,quantityisn'teverything."perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents'grades.theoverallcoursegradesforstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.similarly,studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtimes.whoknewgettinga'sjustrequiredsomeextrazzz's?8.basedonhisoriginalobjectives,whichbestdescribesprofessorgross'sresearchfindings?a.accidental. b.complete. c.convincing. d.doubtful.9.whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?a.middleschoolchemistrystudents. b.volunteersfromdifferentuniversities.c.professorgross'sownstudents. d.universitystudentathletes.10.howdidprofessorgross'steammeasureacademicperformance?a.makingthestudentswearaspecialwatch.b.usingstudents'universityentrancetestresults.c.givingthestudentsregularafterclassquizzes.d.usingthestudents'normaltestandquizgrades.11.basedonthestudy'sfindings,whoislikelytoperformbestacademically.a.apersonwhohasagoodnight'ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.b.apersonwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p.m.and12p.m.c.apersonwhosleepsfrom11p.m.to6a.m.eachday.d.apersonwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.【答案】8.a9.c10.d11.c【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，睡眠質(zhì)量不足除了對(duì)身體健康造成不良影響之外，也會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)產(chǎn)生影響，好的睡眠質(zhì)量是提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的關(guān)鍵。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“jeffreygross,…,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”和“instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.”可知，在給他化學(xué)課里的100個(gè)學(xué)生發(fā)放智能手環(huán)時(shí)，jeffreygross并沒(méi)有試圖去發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠和成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系，相反的，他最初目標(biāo)是想發(fā)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)與學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系，意在表明發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠與成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系是一個(gè)意外收獲，a項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選a項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“jeffreygross,…,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”可知在給他化學(xué)課里的100個(gè)學(xué)生發(fā)放智能手環(huán)時(shí)，jeffreygross并沒(méi)有試圖去發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠和成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系，因此參加研究的人是上他化學(xué)課的學(xué)生，c項(xiàng)切題。故選c項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepastudentgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.”可知在分析實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，他們注意到在平均睡眠時(shí)間和課程測(cè)驗(yàn)、三次期中考試和期末考試成績(jī)之間存在一個(gè)直接聯(lián)系，因此作者是通過(guò)學(xué)生正常測(cè)驗(yàn)和考試成績(jī)來(lái)衡量他們的學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)，d項(xiàng)切合題意。故選d項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepforsevenhours,yourperformanceisthesame.butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.”可知，如果在晚上10點(diǎn)、12點(diǎn)或者1點(diǎn)上床睡覺(jué)，睡7小時(shí)，你的學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)是一樣的，但如果在2點(diǎn)之后睡覺(jué)，哪怕睡了7個(gè)小時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)也會(huì)下降，說(shuō)明睡覺(jué)時(shí)間在晚上10點(diǎn)到1點(diǎn)之間，睡7個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)是最好的，c項(xiàng)睡覺(jué)時(shí)間11p.m.to6a.m.滿(mǎn)足7小時(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選c項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】判斷推理題解題時(shí)要求考生根據(jù)文章提供的事實(shí)或線(xiàn)索作判斷和推理，推測(cè)作者未提到的事實(shí)、某事發(fā)生的可能性或趨勢(shì)、某事未來(lái)的結(jié)果等。做這類(lèi)題時(shí)，關(guān)鍵要緊扣主題，立足已知事實(shí)或線(xiàn)索，捕捉關(guān)鍵信息，然后推斷其所隱含的深層含義。例如第二段中“jeffreygross,…,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”和“instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.”instead前后所連接兩個(gè)句子分別為“給他化學(xué)課里的100個(gè)學(xué)生發(fā)放智能手環(huán)時(shí)，jeffreygross并沒(méi)有試圖去發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠和成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系”和“他最初目標(biāo)是想用手環(huán)設(shè)備來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)與學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系”意在表明轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，即睡眠和成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系其實(shí)是進(jìn)行原本研究目標(biāo)時(shí)不經(jīng)意（偶然）之間發(fā)現(xiàn)的副產(chǎn)物。層層遞進(jìn)，絲絲入扣，體現(xiàn)出此篇閱讀語(yǔ)料的邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性，考生易于失分，因此值得仔細(xì)推敲。dhowaffordableishighculture?onegreatmythofourtimeisthatticketsforopera,theatre,balletandorchestral(管弦樂(lè))concertsaretooexpensive,especiallyfortheyoung.thisisinfuriatingas,inbritain,atleast,theclaimisridiculousandoffensive.thecheapticketstohearlondon'sorchestrasrangefrom￡7to￡9—sameasacinematicket,andlowerthantheentrypricetomanypopmusicandcomedyclubs.forcomparison,whenthelosangelesphilharmonicorchestraperformswithtopsoloistsandconductorsthecheapestseatis￡30;andattheberlinphilharmonic,it'sanexpensive￡46.findingcheapticketstotheoperaandballetisn'tsoeasy.true.britishcompaniesdon'tchargetheridiculoushighpricesfoundonthecontinent(￡2,000foragoodseatatapremiereoflascala'scarmenlastdecember),buttheticketsarestillprettysteep.largefeespaidtostarperformersmostlyaccountforthat.luckily,however,onespectaculartechnologicalinnovationhastransformedthescene.it'slive(orslightlydelayed)cinematransmissions.thenewyorkmetropolitanoperanowbeamsitsshowsto800cinemasroundtheworld,andbritishcompaniesaren'tfarbehind.cinematicoperaisexcellentvalue.forthecostofagoodbottleofwine(￡10or￡15fortheroyaloperahouse'sshows)youcansitinyourlocalmovie-houseandseeahigh-definitionrelayofwhat'soccurringontheworld'sgrandeststages.no,it'snotthesameasbeingthere,butit'salmostasgood.thesoundisincredible.theimages,particularlyofdancers,arefantastic.andyoucanreacttotheshowaspartofaliveaudience,ratherthansittingonyourownathome.tome,thismountainofevidence,togetherwithfreemuseumadmissions,indicatesthattheartsworldshouldstopworryingthatitsaudiencesarestillmostlymiddle-class.anyonewhocanaffordtovisitapubcanalsoaffordtoseetop-qualitydrama,musicanddance.therealbattlenowshouldbeensuringthatschoolchildrenaregivenenoughtastesofhighculturetomakethemwanttobuyallthosecheapticketswhentheygrowup.12.whatdoestheunderlinedword"infuriating"inparagraph1mean?a.quiteinteresting. b.veryannoying. c.notcertain. d.extremelyobvious.13.whatisthemainreasonforexpensiveoperatickets?a.theamountofmoneychargedbytopperformers.b.thecostlytechnologyrequiredforbroadcast.c.thedemandofcompaniesforbigprofits.d.thehighcostofrentingthestages.14.whichofthefollowingistrueaboutcinematicopera?a.peoplecandecidewheretowatchtheopera.b.audiencesarediscouragedfromrespondingtotheperformances.c.itprovidesaninexpensivewayofenjoyingaliveoperaperformance.d.thesoundandvisualqualityaresuperiortotheliveperformance.15.whichstatementwouldtheauthoragreewith?a.thequalityofoperaperformancesisimproving.b.highcultureisbecomingmoreaffordableineurope.c.thecostofaccesstohighcultureactivitiesshouldbelowered.d.childrenshouldbeencouragedtoparticipateinhighcultureevents.【答案】12.b13.a14.c15.d【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了當(dāng)今時(shí)代存在高雅文化票價(jià)較高的現(xiàn)象，并分析了票價(jià)過(guò)高的原因，對(duì)未來(lái)高雅文化發(fā)展提出了解決辦法?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“onegreatmythofourtimeisthatticketsforopera,theatre,balletandorchestral(管弦樂(lè))concertsaretooexpensive,especiallyfortheyoung.”可知我們的時(shí)代最難以置信的就是歌劇、劇院、芭蕾和管弦樂(lè)音樂(lè)會(huì)的門(mén)票太貴，特別是對(duì)學(xué)生而言。根據(jù)分析第一段中“thisisinfuriatingas,inbritain,atleast,theclaimisridiculousandoffensive.”可知，this指代前句中門(mén)票昂貴的現(xiàn)象，infuriating是前句現(xiàn)象的影響和狀態(tài)，聯(lián)系劃線(xiàn)詞后文可了解到theclaimisridiculousandoffensive這樣的聲稱(chēng)很離譜也很令人不適，意為消極表述，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)翻譯b項(xiàng)annoying意為“使人惱怒的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選b項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“theticketsarestillprettysteep.largefeespaidtostarperformersmostlyaccountforthat.”可知that指代前句theticketsarestillprettysteep“門(mén)票特別貴”。accountfor意為“解釋”，表明門(mén)票價(jià)格高原因是因?yàn)橐Ц督o演員明星巨額費(fèi)用，a項(xiàng)切題。故選a項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“cinematicoperaisexcellentvalue.forthecostofagoodbottleofwine(￡10or￡15fortheroyaloperahouse'sshows)youcansitinyourlocalmovie-houseandseeahigh-definitionrelayofwhat'soccurringontheworld'sgrandeststages.”可知電影院歌劇物超所值。只需一瓶紅酒的價(jià)格（皇家劇院的表演票價(jià)要10-15歐元），你就可以坐在當(dāng)?shù)氐碾娪霸嚎匆粓?chǎng)世界最棒舞臺(tái)上表演的高品質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)播，說(shuō)明電影院歌劇為我們提供了一種便宜的方式欣賞歌劇現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，c項(xiàng)切題。故選c項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“therealbattlenowshouldbeensuringthatschoolchildrenaregivenenoughtastesofhighculturetomakethemwanttobuyallthosecheapticketswhentheygrowup.”可知，目前最大的挑戰(zhàn)是應(yīng)該確保上學(xué)的孩子能夠接觸到高雅文化，使得他們長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)買(mǎi)那些便宜票享受高雅文化，意在表明應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)孩子們參與到高雅文化活動(dòng)之中，d像切題。故選d項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】在詞義猜測(cè)題中暗含了考查代詞指代關(guān)系考點(diǎn)。解答代詞指代關(guān)系類(lèi)習(xí)題時(shí)，要求考生根據(jù)語(yǔ)境的邏輯關(guān)系、判斷相應(yīng)人稱(chēng)代詞或指示代詞在文章中指代的對(duì)象，包括考查it（指動(dòng)物，無(wú)生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的復(fù)數(shù)名詞)，he/she等人稱(chēng)代詞的指代意義，以及指示代詞this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意義，解答這類(lèi)題時(shí)，考生要認(rèn)真閱讀畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞所在句和前后臨近句的內(nèi)容，分析人稱(chēng)轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)作變換的詳細(xì)過(guò)程，理清來(lái)龍去脈和前后的因果關(guān)系，從而準(zhǔn)確推斷其指代的對(duì)象。例如第1小題中“thisisinfuriatingas,inbritain,atleast,theclaimisridiculousandoffensive.”infuriating起到了連接前后句語(yǔ)境的作用，考生要將前后兩句都讀完才能理清語(yǔ)境間內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，進(jìn)而推測(cè)出劃線(xiàn)詞的含義。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余。learningtounderstandspokenenglishcanbedifficult.learnersmustnotonlymasternewsounds,butalsolearnconversationalidioms.that'salettolearn!buttheymaysoonrealizethereissomethingelsegoingon.___16___thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled"registers".intheirwork,languageexpertsidentifythreemajorfactorsthataffecttheregisterofspokenenglish:theplaceoftheconversation,therelationshipofthespeakers,andthepurposeoftheconversation.___17___eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.athome,onemightsay,"c'mon,iwannaleave."thesamepersonatworkmightsay,"areyoureadytogonow?"therelationshipofthespeakersalsoaffectsthelanguagetheyusewitheachotherpeoplespeaklessformallytofriendsandmoreformallytostrangers.___18___peoplewhoknoweachotherwellmightusemoreidiomsandmoreslangintheirspeech.anangrywomanmighttellherdaughterto"hushyourmouth"andhersisterto"quietdown".finally,thepurposeoftheconversationaffectspeople'sspeech.apersonwhowanttoeasehurtfeelingsusesasoft,quiettone.___19___fewspeakersrealizethattheychangeregistersaccordingtothesefactors.___20___wearenotawarethatwemakethesechanges.weacceptthechangeabilityoftheweather,butweoftenrefusetoacceptthechangeabilityofspeech.a.infact,mostpeoplestronglydenyit.b.peoplegenerallyspeaklessatworkthantheydoathome.c.theverysamepersonspeaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations.d.therefore,weshouldbecarefulnottohurteachotherwithourspeech.e.ontheotherhand,apersonwhowantstopickafightspeaksrapidlyandloudly.f.theplacewheretheconversationtakesplacedirectlyaffectsthelanguageoftheconversationg.becausetheyalreadyshareinformationandexperiencewithfriends,theydonotneedtoexplainasmuch.【答案】16.c17.f18.g19.e20.a【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要從三個(gè)方面介紹了難以理解口語(yǔ)的三個(gè)因素，分析了各自的原因，并提出了學(xué)好口語(yǔ)理解的相關(guān)建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled‘registers’.”可知這些不同的說(shuō)話(huà)類(lèi)型叫做語(yǔ)域。c項(xiàng)theverysamepersonspeaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations.“同一個(gè)人在不同情況下說(shuō)的話(huà)不同”，呼應(yīng)上文different，切合句意。故選c項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本文按照總分總形式展開(kāi)行文?？偸鼍錇榈谝欢沃小癷ntheirwork,languageexpertsidentifythreemajorfactorsthataffecttheregisterofspokenenglish:theplaceoftheconversation,therelationshipofthespeakers,andthepurposeoftheconversation.”“語(yǔ)言專(zhuān)家在他們研究中證實(shí)了影響口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)域的三大主要因素：說(shuō)話(huà)地點(diǎn)，說(shuō)話(huà)者間關(guān)系和說(shuō)話(huà)目的，”，其中“theplaceoftheconversation,therelationshipofthespeakers,andthepurposeoftheconversation”分別為二、三、四段的分述點(diǎn)，因此第二段橫線(xiàn)處應(yīng)選擇承接上段尾句、總領(lǐng)本段的句子，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)翻譯可知，f項(xiàng)“說(shuō)話(huà)發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)會(huì)直接影響說(shuō)話(huà)的語(yǔ)言”切合題意。故選f項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】后句提到“peoplewhoknoweachotherwellmightusemoreidiomsandmoreslangintheirspeech.”“很了解彼此的人在說(shuō)話(huà)中會(huì)使用更多的慣用語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)”，g項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兒团笥压蚕砹撕芏嘟?jīng)歷和信息，所以不必過(guò)多解釋”呼應(yīng)后句中的knoweachotherwell“互相很了解彼此”，切合題意。故選g項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由前文“thepurposeoftheconversationaffectspeople'sspeech.apersonwhowanttoeasehurtfeelingsusesasoft,quiettone.”可知，意為“說(shuō)話(huà)的目的會(huì)影響人們說(shuō)話(huà)”總領(lǐng)本段，后文舉例支撐總領(lǐng)句，e項(xiàng)“ontheotherhand,apersonwhowantstopickafightspeaksrapidlyandloudly.”“另一方面，想大家的人說(shuō)得很快很大聲”與前文“想安慰別人情緒的人用輕柔舒緩的語(yǔ)調(diào)”形成對(duì)比關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境。故選e項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上一句提到“fewspeakersrealizethattheychangeregistersaccordingtothesefactors.”可知，很少有人能意識(shí)到他們要根據(jù)這些因素改變語(yǔ)域。a項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上很多人都強(qiáng)烈否認(rèn)這個(gè)”與前文形成平行結(jié)構(gòu)，該選項(xiàng)中deny“否認(rèn)”與下文refuse“拒絕”相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選a項(xiàng)。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，満分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，満分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的a、b、c和d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。.haveyoueverheardsomeonesaythathecan'tseetheforestforthetrees?ifso,youmayhave___21___whatthiscuriousphrasemeans.ifyoucanseethetrees,howistheforestnot___22___,too?thispopularphraseaccuratelydescribessituationsinwhichpeoplesometimesgetsocaughtupwiththe___23___thattheylosesightofthebigpicture.___24___,you'repayingsomuchattentiontothetreesthatyouforgetthatthetreesarejustpartofa___25___forest.thisisaproblemweall___26___fromtimetotime.whenobservingourworld,it’seasytofocusontheinterestingdetailsand___27___largerconcepts.for___28___,though,it'simportanttobeabletofocusonboththeforestandthetrees.sincethe___29___ofscientificinquirythousandsofyearsago,observationshavebeen___30___.thefirstscientistsusedtheir___31___tosee,hear,smell,feel,andtastetheworldaroundthem.throughthese___32___,theylearnedabouttheirworldandbegantosearchforanswerstothequestionsthat___33___arose.todayscientists___34___relyupontheirfivesensestomakeobservations.however,theyalsotakeadvantagesofmodern___35___tomakeobservationswithawidevarietyoftools.theseenablethemto“see”theworldinwaysbeyondwhattheirfivesenses___36___.fromsatellitetelescopesatomicmicroscopes,___37___scientistsusethesetoolstoobservetheworldinwaysnever___38___byearlyscientists.someofthesetoolsallowthemto___39___smalldetailswhileothershelpthemtoseethebig___40___.21.a.wondered b.believed c.explained d.described22.a.acceptable b.accessible c.visible d.possible23.a.reasons b.problems c.effects d.details24.a.incontrast b.inreturn c.inotherwords d.inthemeantime25.a.better b.larger c.clearer d.greener26.a.seekout b.passby c.agreeon d.meetwith27.a.catch b.ignore c.comprehend d.misuse28.a.observers b.farmers c.scientists d.leaders29.a.beginning b.separation c.recovery d.removal30.a.forgotten b.welcomed c.impossible d.important31.a.senses b.feelings c.environments d.experiences32.a.errors b.gifts c.observations d.inventions33.a.luckily b.naturally c.exactly d.occasionally34.a.even b.yet c.never d.still35.a.technologies b.theories c.discoveries d.efforts36.a.release b.allow c.prefer d.enjoy37.a.famous b.young c.popular d.modern38.a.imagined b.suggested c.remembered d.convinced39.a.create b.study c.copy d.choose40.a.cause b.change c.picture d.achievement【答案】21.a22.c23.d24.c25.b26.d27.b28.c29.a30.d31.a32.c33.b34.d35.a36.b37.d38.a39.b40.c【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了“只顧細(xì)節(jié)不顧大局”這一表述的來(lái)源，從科學(xué)家做研究的角度綜合分析了細(xì)節(jié)與大局的利弊關(guān)系，告訴我們注重細(xì)節(jié)的同時(shí)也要顧全大局?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你聽(tīng)到有人說(shuō)他只見(jiàn)樹(shù)木不見(jiàn)森林，你可能很想知道這個(gè)令人好奇的句子意味著什么。a.wondered想知道；b.believed相信；c.explained解釋?zhuān)籨.described描述。結(jié)合橫線(xiàn)后“whatthiscuriousphrasemeans”分析語(yǔ)境可知，此處使用wondered意為“想知道”切合題意。故選a項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你能看見(jiàn)樹(shù)，怎么會(huì)看不見(jiàn)森林呢？a.acceptable可接受的；b.accessible可接近的；c.visible可看見(jiàn)的；d.possible可能的。根據(jù)前文“hecan'tseetheforestforthetrees”可知，作者意在表明看見(jiàn)和看不見(jiàn)之間的邏輯關(guān)系。c項(xiàng)visible“可看見(jiàn)的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選c項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)表述準(zhǔn)確地描述了一種情景，人們有時(shí)會(huì)很在意細(xì)節(jié)以至于會(huì)看不見(jiàn)整體大局。a.reasons原因；b.problems問(wèn)題；c.effects影響；d.details細(xì)節(jié)。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知，d項(xiàng)details意為“細(xì)節(jié)”切合題意。故選d項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：換句話(huà)說(shuō)，你太過(guò)于關(guān)注樹(shù)以至于忘記了樹(shù)就是森林的一部分。a.incontrast相反地；b.inreturn反過(guò)來(lái)；c.inotherwords換言之；d.inthemeantime同時(shí)。通過(guò)分析語(yǔ)境可知，此句是前句的進(jìn)一步解釋?zhuān)嬖谶f進(jìn)關(guān)系，因此inotherwords意為“換言之”切合題意。故選c項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你太過(guò)于關(guān)注樹(shù)以至于忘記了樹(shù)就是森林的一部分。a.better更好的；b.larger更大的；c.clearer更清晰的；d.greener更綠的。通過(guò)分析本段結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句與上句互為平行結(jié)構(gòu)，因此也是小細(xì)節(jié)與大局的關(guān)系，即小與大之間的邏輯關(guān)系。b項(xiàng)切題。故選b項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：這是我們反復(fù)會(huì)遇到的問(wèn)題。a.seekout尋求；b.passby路過(guò)；c.agreeon同意；d.meetwith遇到。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知，此處意為meetwith“遇到”，d項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選d項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們關(guān)注自己的世界時(shí)，很同意就關(guān)注到有趣的細(xì)節(jié)而忽視了更大的概念。a.catch抓??；b.ignore忽視；c.comprehend理解；d.misuse誤用。由空后的"it'simportanttobeabletofocusonboththeforestandthetrees."可知此處表明我們應(yīng)該細(xì)節(jié)與大局兼顧，然而我們很容易注重小細(xì)節(jié)而忽視整體大局，b項(xiàng)ignore“忽視”切合題意。故選b項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于科學(xué)家而言，a.observers觀察者；b.farmers農(nóng)民；c.scientists科學(xué)家；d.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。根據(jù)下段首句可知，接下來(lái)講述科學(xué)家的方面，c項(xiàng)scientists“科學(xué)家”符合語(yǔ)境。故選c項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從幾千年科學(xué)研究開(kāi)始，觀察力一直都很重要。a.beginning開(kāi)始，開(kāi)端；b.separation分離；c.recovery恢復(fù)；d.removal移除。聯(lián)系下文“thefirstscientistsusedtheirsensestosee,hear,smell,feel,andtastetheworldaroundthem.”可知科學(xué)家門(mén)用感官去看、去聽(tīng)、去聞、去感受、去品嘗他們周邊的世界，通過(guò)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知a項(xiàng)beginning“開(kāi)始，開(kāi)端”切合題意。故選a項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：自從幾千年科學(xué)研究開(kāi)始，觀察力一直都很重要。a.forgotten遺忘的；b.welcomed受歡迎的；c.impossible不可能的；d.important重要的。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知，d項(xiàng)important“重要的”切合題意。故選d項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：科學(xué)家門(mén)用感官去看、去聽(tīng)、去聞、去感受、去品嘗他們周邊的世界。a.senses感官；b.feelings感覺(jué)；c.environments環(huán)境；d.experiences經(jīng)歷。通過(guò)分析句子成分可知空后see,hear,smell,feel,andtaste均為感官，a項(xiàng)切題。故選a項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)觀察，他們了解了周邊的世界，并且開(kāi)始尋找自然而然出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題答案。a.errors錯(cuò)誤；b.gifts禮物；c.observations觀察；d.inventions發(fā)明。根據(jù)本段段首句“sincethebeginningofscientificinquirythousandsofyearsago,observationshavebeenimportant.”可知科學(xué)家們要做的事情是觀察，因此c項(xiàng)observations“觀察”符合語(yǔ)境。故選c項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)觀察，他們了解了周邊的世界，并且開(kāi)始尋找自然而然出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題答案。a.luckily幸運(yùn)地；b.naturally自然而然地；c.exactly格外地d.occasionally偶然地。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知,b項(xiàng)naturally“自然而然地”切合題意。故選b項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)今科學(xué)家們依賴(lài)于他們五官做觀察。a.even甚至；b.yet至今；c.never從不；d.still仍然。根據(jù)前段可知，現(xiàn)在的科學(xué)家依然還依賴(lài)五官進(jìn)行觀察，d項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選d項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：然而他們也充分利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)運(yùn)用廣泛的工具進(jìn)行觀察。a.technologies技術(shù)；b.theories理論；c.discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)；d.efforts努力。根據(jù)however前句可知科學(xué)家們除了用五官進(jìn)行觀察，也用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)手段，a項(xiàng)切題。故選a項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些使他們能夠超越五官所允許的層面觀察這個(gè)世界a.release釋放；b.allow允許；c.prefer更喜歡；d.enjoy喜歡。根據(jù)前文可知五官給了科學(xué)家們得以觀察世界的方式，通過(guò)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，他們可以超越五官所允許的層面觀察這個(gè)世界，b項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選b項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從衛(wèi)星望遠(yuǎn)鏡到原子顯微鏡，現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家使用這些工具以一種早期科學(xué)家無(wú)法想象的方式觀察著世界。a.famous著名的；b.young年輕的；c.popular流行的；d.modern現(xiàn)代的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知,d項(xiàng)modern“現(xiàn)代的”切合題意。故選d項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從衛(wèi)星望遠(yuǎn)鏡到原子顯微鏡，現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家使用這些工具以一種早期科學(xué)家無(wú)法想象的方式觀察著世界。a.imagined想象；b.suggested建議；c.remembered記??；d.convinced信服。根據(jù)上文可知