2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題答案(第二套)

2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題答案(第二套)PartI Writing (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavisittoalocalfarmorganizedbyyourStudentUnion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.【參考范文】AnImpressiveActivities-VisitingInordertohelpusstudentstoenrichlifeandbroadenhorizon,theStudentUnionorganizedameaningfulactivityonlastweekend--visiting thelocalfarm,bywhichwegraspedmuchusefulknowledgeaboutagriculture.ThefarmwevisitedislocatedinthesuburbofBeijingandfarawayfromourschool,whichcoversanareaof1000squarefeet.Alongwithnativefoodslikericeandpotatoes,thefarmersonthefarmgrowmanyorganicvegetables,including corn,cucumbers,tomatoesandsoforth.Besides,thefarmbreedsahostoflocalspeciessuchasdairycattle, geese,chickenbymodernscientifictechnique.Oneofthemostimpressivethingsforusisthatbymeansofgreenfarmingmethods,theproblemofenvironmentalpollutionhasbeeneffectivelyalleviated.Thisoutdoorsactivityhasareallydeepimpressionforus.Notonlydiditgetusclosertothenatureandrelievepressurefromus,italsoenhanceourprofessionalknowledgeabouthusbandrytechnology.【參考范文譯文】一次難忘的參觀活動為了幫助我們學(xué)生豐富生活，拓寬眼界，學(xué)生會在上周組織了一次有意義的活動——參觀當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)場。通過這次活動，我們學(xué)習(xí)到很多關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)的有用知識。我們參觀的農(nóng)場位于北京郊區(qū)，離學(xué)校比較遠。它占地面積 1000平方英尺。除了象一些常規(guī)的水稻和土豆之外，農(nóng)場的農(nóng)民還栽種了許多有機蔬菜，其中包括玉米，黃瓜，西紅柿等等。除此之外，農(nóng)場還通過科學(xué)養(yǎng)殖的方法飼養(yǎng)了很多當(dāng)?shù)氐那蓊?，象奶牛，鵝類，雞類。這次給我印象最為深刻的是農(nóng)場通過使用綠色農(nóng)業(yè)耕作技術(shù)，環(huán)境污染的問題已經(jīng)得到了有效的緩解。這次戶外活動給我們留下了非常深刻的印象。我們不僅可以親近大自然有效的緩解壓力，而且也讓我們對畜牧業(yè)的知識有一個提升。PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarke)dA,B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Heavyfloods.Safetyconcerns.Badeconomy.D)Workers’strikes..A)Itiscompetitivewithitsnumeroustouristdestinations.ItprovidesmanyjobopportunitiesforFrenchpeople.ItisthebiggestconcernoftheFrenchgovernment.Itplaysanimportantroleinthenation ’seconomy.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard..A)Tocarryoutascientificsurvey.Toestablishanewresearchstation.TorescuetwosickAmericanworkers.Todeliverurgentmedicalsupplies..A)Thedarknessandcold.Theheavysnowandfog.Thebitingwinds.Theiceallaround.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard..A)Bytyingittoadoorhandle.Byshakingitbackandforth.Witharemotecontrolcraft.D)Withafull-sizedhelicopter..A)HehaslotsoffansonFacebook.Hehasrichexperienceinflying.Heoftensuffersfromtoothaches.D)Hehaslearnedtopullteethfromavideo..A)Spendmoretimetogether.)Tellthemadventurestories.)Dosomethingfunandcreative.D)Playwiththeminasafeplace.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarke)d，AB)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard..A)Toconfirmanurgentappointment.Tocollectapackagefromthewoman.Toaskthewomantosignadocument.Toarrangethedeliveryofapackage..A)Sheisdoingshopping.Sheisvisitingafriend.Sheisnotathome.Sheisnotfeelingwell..A)Hewillbeoffdutythewholeday.Hewillbeworkingsomewhereelse.Hewillhavetohavehiscarrepaired.D)Hewillbetoobusytospareandtime.11.A)Signhername.Confirmonline.Payasmallfee.Showupinperson.Questions12to15arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.12.A)VacationinItaly.Studyabroad.Throwafarewellparty.D)GotoafashionshowinMilan.13.A)Quitesleepy.Veryexcited.Ratherdepressed.Nearlyexhausted..A)Hehastoattendaparty.Hehastomeetafriend.Hehastomakeapresentation.D)Hehastofinishanassignment..A)Saygoodbyetothewomanattheairport.MeetthewomanattheBlackCatCafe.DrivetheWomantotheairport.D)Havelunchwiththewoman.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard..A)Ithaskeptgrowingoverthecenturies.Itstopishiddenincloudsofvolcanicsmoke.Itsheightchangeswitheachvolcaniceruption.Ithasarecordedhistoryof1500years..A)Theyarenowatouristdestination.Theyattractalotofmigratingbirds.Theyprovideshelterforthefarmers.Theymakegoodfieldsforfarming.18.A)Theynestonthevolcano’sslopes.Theyfeedoncertainsmallmammals.Theycompetewitheachotherforfood.Theymatchlargemammalsinstrength.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard..A)Heisself-employed.Heisacareeradvisor.Hestudiestalent.Heownsamagazine..A)Doingwhattheylikebest.Lovingtheworktheydo.Makingnoexcusesforfailures.Followingtheirnaturalinstinct..A)Itdoesnotcometoanythingwithouthardwork.Itmayprovetobequitedifferentfromhardwork.Itisanaturalgiftonlysomespecialpeoplecanpossess.Itdoesnotcometoyouuntilsomethingspecialhappens.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard..A)Itisabitdifficulttolearn.ItwaspopularinNewZealand.Itisatraditionaltypeofballet.Itevolvedinthemid-1970s..A)Shewantedhertobeaballetdancer.Sheusedtobeaballetdancerherself.Shehatedtoseeheridlingabout.Shewastoobusytolookafterher..A)AftershestartedteachingEnglish.BeforesheleftforNewZealand.WhenshemovedtoNewYorkcity.Onceshebegantoliveonherown..A)Ithasrenewedherpassionforlife.Ithasmadeherhappyandenergetic.Ithashelpedhermakenewfriends.Ithasenabledhertostartanewcareer.PartIII ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanon．ceShipsareoftensunkinordertocreateunderwaterreefs(暗礁)perfectforscubadiving(水肺式潛泳 )andpreservingmarine26Turkishauthoritieshavejustsunksomethingalittledifferentthanaship,anditwouldn’tnormallyeevrtouchwater,anAirbusA300.Thehollowed-outA300was27ofeverythingpotentiallyharmfultotheenvironmentandsunkofftheAegeancoasttoday.Notonlywillthesunkenplane28theperfectskeletonforartificialreefgrowth,tutauthoritieshopethisnewunderwaterattractionwillbringtouriststothearea.Theplane29atotallengthof54meters,whereexperiencedscubadiverswill30beabletoventurethroughthecabinandaroundtheplane31.’AysdinMunicipalityboughttheplanefromaprivatecompanyforjustunderUS$100,000,buttheyhopetoseeareturnonthat32throughthetourismindustry.TourismthroughoutTurkeyisexpectedtofallthisyearasthecountryhasbeenthe33ofseveraldeadlyterroristattacks.Asfarassunkenplanesgo,thisAirbusA300isthelargest34sunkaircraftever.Takingatripunderwaterand35theinsideofasunkenA300wouldbequiteanadventure,andthatisexactlywhatTurkishauthoritiesarehopingthisattractionwillmakepeoplethink.Drawinginadventureseekersandexperienceddivers,thisnewartificialAirbusreefwillbeascubadiverparadise(天堂 ).’sA)createB)depressedC)eventuallyD)experiencesE)exploringF)exteriorG)habitatsH)innovateI)intentionallyJ)investmentK)revealingL)stretchesM)strippedN)territoryO)victim26-30GMALC31-35FJOIESectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.MakeStuff,Fail,AndLearnWhileYou’reAtItWe’vealwaysbeenahan-dosn,do-it-yourselfkindofnation.BenFranklin,oneofAmericafathers,didn’tjustinventthelightningrod.Hiscreationsincludeglasses,innovativestovesandmore.Franklin,whowaslargelyself-taught,mayhavebeenagenius,buthewasn ’treallyanexcitcomestoAmericanmakingandcreativity.ThepersonalcomputingrevolutionandphilosophyofdisruptiveinnovationofSiliconValleygrew,inpart,outofthecreationsoftheHomebrewComputerClub,WhichwasfoundedinagarageinMenloPark,California,inthemid-1970s.Members— includingguysnamedJobsandWozniak— startedmakingandinventingthingstheycouldn ’tbuy.Soit’snosurprisethaMttahkeerMovementtodayisthrivingincommunitiesandsomeschoolsacrossAmerica.Makingisavailabletoordinarypeoplewhoaren ’ttiedtobigcompanies,bigdefensresearchuniversities.ThemakerphilosophyechoesoldideasadvocatedbyJohnDewey,Montessori,andevenancientGreekphilosophers,aswepointedoutrecently.Thesemakerspacesareoftenoutsideofclassrooms,andareservinganimportanteducationalfunction.TheMakerMovementisrediscoveringlearningbydoing,whichisDeweyphrasefrom1’00syearsago.

WearerediscoveringDeweyandMontessoriandalotofthepracticesthattheypioneeredthathavebeenforgottenoratleastputaside.Amakerspaceisaplacewhichcanbeinaschool,butitdoesnclassroom.Itcanbeinalibrary.Itcanbeoutinthecommunity.Ithastoolsandmaterials.Itwhereyougettomakethingsbasedonyourinterestandonwhatyou ’relearningtodo.Ideasaboutlearningbydoinghavestruggledtobecomemainstreameducationally,despitebeingoldconceptsfromDeweyandMontessori,PlatoandAristotle,andintheAmericanContcxt,RalphEmerson,onthevalueofexperienceandselfr-eliance.It’snotnecessarilyanefficientwaytolearn.Welearn,inasense,bytrialanderror.Learningfromexperienceissomethingthattakestimeandpatience.Itindividualized.Ifyourgoalistohavestandardizedapproachestolearning,whereeverybodylearnsthesamethingatthesametimeinthesameway,thenlearningbydoingoedsn’treallyfitthatmoldanymore.It’snottheworldoftextbooks.It ’snottheworldoftesting.G)Learningbydoingmaynotbeefficient,butitiseffective.Project-basedlearninghasgrowninpopularitywithteachersandadministrators.However,project-basedlearningisnotmaking.Althoughthereisaconnection,thereisalsoadistinction.ThedifferenceliesinwhethertheprojectisinasensedefinedandareallgoingtolearnaboutX,Y,andZ.Thattendstobeoneformofproject-basedlearning.developedbythestudentorwhetheritsassignedbyateacher.Webdevelopedbythestudentorwhetheritsassignedbyateacher.Web’uilldlaallsgmeatltlhbeokaitd.sWtoeH)Ireallybelievethecoreideaofmakingistohaveanideawithinyourhead—oryoujustborrowitfromsomeone—andbegintodevelopit,repeatitandimproveit.Then,realizethatideasomehow.Thatthingthatyoumakeisvaluabletoyouandyoucnashareitwithothers.I ’minterestedinhowthesethingsareexprofthatperson,theirideas,andtheirinteractionswiththeworld.Insomeways,alotofformsofmakinginschooltrivialize(使變得無足輕重) making.Thethingthatyoumakehasnovaluetoyou.Onceyouaredonedemonstratingwhateverconceptwasinthetextbook,youthrowawaythepipecleaners,thecardboardtubes.Makingshouldbestudent-directedandstudenlte-d,otherwiseit’sboring.Itdoesn’thavethemotithestuden.tI’mnotsayingthatstudentsshouldnotlearnconceptsornotlearnskills.Theydo.Buttoreallyharnesstheirmotivationistobuildupontheirinterest.It ’stoletthembeincontrolandtodriK)Teachersshouldaimtobuildasupportive,creativeenvironmentforstudentstodothiswork.Averysocialenvironment,wheretheyarelearningfromeachother.Whentheyhaveaproblem,itisn ’ttnecessarilycomingintosolveit.Theyareresponsibleforworkingthroughthatproblem.Itmightbetheyhavetotalktootherstudentsintheclasstohelpgetananswer.Theteacher’sroleismoreofacoachorobserver.Sometimes,topeople,itsoundslikethisisadiminishedroteforteachers.Ithinkit ’saheightenedtirnoglet.hYisoeunviron’mernet,elriekeaamakerspace.Youhave20kidsdoingdifferentthings.Youarewatchingthemandreallyit ’behaviorsyou’relookingat.Aretheyengaged?Atheydevelopingandrepeatingtheirproject?Aretheystumbling(受挫 )？ Dotheyneedsomethingthattheydon’thave?Canyouhelpthembeawawheretheyare?M)Mybeliefisthatthegoalofmakingisnottogeteverykidtobehands-on,butitenableustobegoodlearners.It’snottheknowledgethatisvaluable,Itacticeoflear’ninsgthneewprthingsandunderstandinghowthingswork.Theseareprocessesthatyouaredevelopingsothatyouareable,overtime,totacklemoreinterestingproblems,morechallengingproblem—sproblemsthatrequiremanypeopleinsteadofoneperson,andmanyskillsinsteadofone.N)Ifteacherskeepitform-freeandstudent-led,itcanstillbetiedtoacurriculumandaneducationalplan.Ithinkamakerspaceismorelikealikealibraryinthattherearemultiplesubjectsandmultiplethingsthatyoucanlearn.Whatseemstobemissinginschoolishowthesesubjectsintegrate,howtheyfittogetherinanymeaningfulway.Ratherthansaying, ‘Thisisscience,overhereishistory, ’Iseeschoolstprojectsandlookingat:Howdotheysupportchildreninhigherlevellearning?Ifeellikethisisashiftawayformasubjectmatter-basedcurriculumtoamoreexperientialcurriculumorlearning.It’sstillinitsearlystages,butIthinkit ’sshifrtningbuatrhoouwndthneoytwlehaarnt.kidslea.Amakerspaceiswherepeoplemakethingsaccordingtotheirpersonalinterests..Theteachers’roleisenhancedinamakerspaceastheyhavetomonitorandfadcuirlintagtetheprocess..Comingupwithanideaofoneo’rimsporwonvingonefromothersiskeytotheconceptofmaking..Contrarytostructuredlearning,learningbydoingishighlyindividualized..Americaisanationknownfortheideaofmakingthingsbyoneself..Makingwillbeboringunlessstudentsareabletotakecharge..Makingcanberelatedtoaproject,butitiscreatedandcarriedoutbystudentsthemselves..Theauthorsuggestsincorporatingtheideaofamakerspaceintoaschoolcurriculum..Themakerconceptisamodernversionofsomeancientphilosophicalideas..Makingisnottakenseriouslyinschoolwhenstudentsareaskedtomakesomethingmeaninglesstothembasedontextbooks.【參考答案】36-40ELHFA41-45JGNDISectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mostkidsgrowuplearningtheycannotdrawonthewalls.Butitmightbetimetounlearnthattraining—thissummer,groupofcultureaddicts,artistsandcommunityorganizersareinvitingNewYorkerstowritealloverthewallsofanoldhouseonGovernor’sIsland.TheprojectiscalledWritingOnItAll,andit ’saparticipatorywritingprojectandartisticexperimehappenedonGovernor’sIslandeverysummersince2013.“Mostofhteparticipantsarepeoplewhoarejustwalkingbyorareontheislandforotherreasons,ortheyjustkindofhappentobethere,”AlexandraChasin,artisticdirectorofWritingOnItAll,tellsS.The2016seasonrunsthroughJune26andfeaturessessionsfacilitatedbyeveryonefromdancerstodomesticworkers.Eachsessionhasatheme,andparticipantsaregivenavarietyofmaterialsandpromptsandaskedtocoversurfaceswiththeirthoughtsandart.Thisyear,theprogramsrangefromonethatturnsthehouseintoacollaborativeessaytoonethatexploresthemeaningofexile.Governor’sIslandisanationalhistoriclandmarkdistrictlongusedformilitarypurposes.NowknownasYork’ssharedspaceforartandplay,”theisland,whichliesbetweenManhattanandBrooklyninUpperNYorkBay,isclosedtocarsbutopentosummertouristswhoflckforfestivals,picnics,adventures,aswellasthese“l(fā)egraalffiti(涂鴉 )”Sessions.Thenotesandartscribbled(涂畫 )onthewallsareanexperimentinself-expression.Sofar,participantshaverangedinagefrom2to85.ThoughChasinsaysthefocusoftheworkisontheactivityofwriting,ratherthanthetextthatendsupgettingwritten,someoftheworkthatcomesoutofthesessionshasstuckwithher.“Oneofthesessionsthatmovedmethemostwasstateviolenceonblackwomenandblackgirls,explainingthatinoneroom,peoplewrotedownthenamesofthosekilledbecausefiot.“Peopledobeautifulworkandleavebeautifulmessages.”.WhatdoestheprojectWritingOnItAllinvitepeopletodo?Unlearntheirtrainingindrawing.Participateinastategraffitishow.Coverthewallsofanoldhousewithgraffiti.Exhibittheirartisticcreationsinanoldhouse.47.Whatdowelearnabouttheparticipantsintheproject?Theyarejustcultureaddicts.Theyaregraffitienthusiasts.Theyarewritersandartists.Theyaremostlypassers-by.48.Whatdidtheprojectparticipantsdoduringthe2016season?Theywerefreetoscribbleonthewallswhatevercametotheirmind.Theyexpressedtheirthoughtsingraffitionthethemeofeachsession.Theylearnedthetechniquesofcollaborativewriting.Theywererequiredtocooperatewithothercreators.49.WhatkindofplaceisGovernor’sIsland?Itisahistoricsitethatattractstouristsandartists.Itisanareanowaccessibleonlytotouristvehicles.ItisaplaceinUpperNewYorkBayformerlyusedforexiles.Itisanopenareafortouriststoenjoythemselvesyearround.50.WhatdoesChasinsayabouttheproject?Itjustfocusedonthesufferingsofblackfemales.Ithelpedexpandtheinfluenceofgraffitiart.Ithasstartedthecareerofmanycreativeartists.Ithascreatedsomemeaningfulartisticworks.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Onlineprogramstofightdepressionarealreadycommerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficientandcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.

Thestudylookedatcomputer-assistedcognitive(認知的 )behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkinordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(隨機的 )controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneoftwocomputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseaonfftage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseaonfftidepressants(抗抑郁藥 ).Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn ’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacocanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalcareattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpearedepressed.”Beingdepressedcanmeanfeeling“l(fā)ostinyourownsmall,negative,darkworld, ”Dowrickperson,insteadofacomputer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantincombatingthatsen