第四部分PETS四級(jí)閱讀理解及翻譯專項(xiàng)模擬試題

第四部分PETS四級(jí)閱讀理解及翻譯專項(xiàng)模擬試題Unit1PartAReadthefollowingfourtextscarefully.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Text1Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryear,theyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clotheswhichhavebeenwornonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangesoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomaniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethantheinternationalcreationofwaste.Manywomenspendvastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Womenwhocannotaffordtothrowawayclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Skirtsarelengthenedorshortened;neck-linesareloweredorraised,andsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,aslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshakinginathindressonawinterday,ordelicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowinhighheeledshoes.Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashion,theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen'sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofinconstancyandinstability?Menaretooclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability?Thatisforyoutodecide.Designersandbigstoresalwaysmakemoney .bymercilesslyexploitingwomenworkersintheclothingindustrybecausetheyarecapableofpredictingnewfashionsbyconstantlychangingthefashionsinwomen'sclothingbecausetheyattachgreaterimportancetoqualityinwomen'sclothing.Tothewriter,thefactthatwomenaltertheirold-fashioneddressesisseenas .A.awasteofmoneyB.awasteoftimeC.anexpressionoftasteD.anexpressionofcreativityThewriterwouldbelesscriticaliffashiondesignersplacedmorestressonthe ofclothing.A.costB.appearanceC.comfortD.suitabilityBysayingtheconclusionstobedrawnareobvious"(Paragraph4,Line1—2),thewritermeansthat .women'sinconstancyintheirchoiceofclothingisoftenlaughedatwomenarebetterabletoputupwithdiscomfortmenarealsoexploitedgreatlybyfashiondesignersmenaremorereasonableinthematteroffashion.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?Newfashionsinclothingarecreatedforthecommercialexploitationofwomen.Theconstantchangesinwomen'sclothingreflecttheirstrengthofcharacter.Thefashionindustrymakesanimportantcontributiontosociety.Fashiondesignsshouldnotbeencouragedsincetheyareonlywelcomedbywomen.Text2Crimeisasubjectonwhichpeoplehavestrongopinions.Somebelievesocietycreatescriminals;othersthinktheprisonsystemisatfault.Othersstillsayitisindividualswhoaretoblame.Thetruthisthatwedon'treallyknowwhatmakespeopleturntocrime,butitseemslikelythatitisacombinationoftheabovefactors,ratherthanasinglecause.Thereis,however,onethingwecanbesureof:whencrimefalls—somethingwhichadmittedlydoesn'thappenveryoften—everypoliticianaroundwillclaimcreditforit.PresidentClintonwasthefirsttodoso.DuringtheAmericanPresidentialcampaignin1996,heclaimedhisgovernmentwasresponsibleforfallingcrimeratesintheU.S.whichhadbeendroppingforfiveyearsinarow."Wearemakingadifference,"hedeclared"ourneighborhoodsaresafer,andwearebringingbacktheAmericanPeople'sconfidencethatcrimecanbereduced."Atfirstsight,onemightbetemptedtobelievehim,particularlyifonelooksatthesituationinNewYork.Here,manyneighborhoodswhichusedtobecrime-riddenarecertainlysafer.Lastyear,fewerthan1000peoplewerekilledintheBigApple.Thisisthelowestrecordednumbersince1968,andlessthanhalfthenumberrecordedin1990,when2245diedasaresultofcrime.ButwhilePresidentClintonwasbusyclaimingcreditforreducingcrimeacrossthecountry,NewYork'sRepublicanmayor,RudolphGiulianiwasquicktopointoutthathis"zero-tolerance"policywasthereasoncrimeratesinNewYorkwerefalling."Zero-tolerance"worksontheprinciplethatsmallercrimesleadtobiggeroffences.Thispolicyhas,accordingtoMayorGiuliani,sentamessagetomoreseriouscriminals.Theword"credit"(Para.2)means .A.responsibilitiesB.condemnC.beliefD.criticismAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Somebelievetheprisonsystemshouldbeabolished.B.Themajorreasonforcriminalsissociety.Peopledon'tshowmuchconcernaboutcrime.Peopledisagreewitheachotheraboutwhatcreatescriminals.8.Whatdoes"theBigApple"(Para.3)referto?A.AtowninNewYork.B.AsupermarketinNewYork.C.NewYorkitself.D.AtheatreinUSA.Whatdoesthe"zero-tolerance"holderbelieve?Thesmallercrimescanleadtobiggerones.Peoplewhocommitminorcrimeswillgetmoreseriouspunishmentthanbefore.PeopleinNewYorkcomplainaboutit.Policeareallowedtoshowtheirsympathytowardsthecriminals.Whichofthefollowingcanyousafelyinferfromthepassage?A.NewYorkismoredangerousnowthanitusedtobe.ItwasPresidentClintonwhoputforwardthe"zero-tolerance"policy.ThepriorityforpresidentClintonwastoreducethecrimesacrossthewholenationafterhewonthepresidentialcampaignin1996.BothPresidentClintonandNewYork'smayor,RudolphGiulianiaregoodexamplesofclaimingcredits.Text3Testinghasreplacedteachinginmostpublicschools.Myownchildren'sschoolweekisframedbypretests,drills,tests,andretests.Theyknowthatthebestwaytoreadatextbookistolookatthequestionsattheendofthechapterandthenskimthetextfortheanswers.IbelievethatmydaughterErica,whogetsexcellentmarks,hasneverreadachapterofanyofherschooltextbooksallthewaythrough.Andteachersareoftenheardtostateproudlyandopenlythattheyteachtothemandatedstatetest.Teachingtothetestisacuriousphenomenon.Insteadofdecidingwhatskillsstudentsoughttolearn,helpingstudentslearnthem,andthenusingsomesensiblemethodsofassessmenttodiscoverwhetherstudentshavemasteredtheskills,teachersareencouragedtoreversetheprocess.Firstonelooksatacommerciallyavailabletest.Thenonedistillstheskillsneedednottomasterreading,say,ormath,buttodowellonthetest.Finally,thetestskillsaretaught.Theabilitytoreadorwriteorcalculatemightimplytheabilitytodoreasonablywellonstandardizedtests.However,neitherreadingnorwritingdevelopssimplythroughbeingtaughttotaketests.Wemustbecarefultoavoidmistakingpreparationforatestofaskillwiththeacquisitionofthatskill.Toomanydiscussionsofbasicskillsmakethisfundamentalconfusionbecausepeoplearetestobsessedratherthanconcernedwiththenatureandqualityofwhatistaught.Recentlymanyschoolshavefacedwhatcouldbecalledthecrisisofcomprehensionor,insimpleterms,thephenomenonofstudentswithphonicandgrammarskillsstillbeingunabletounderstandwhattheyread.Thesestudentsarecompetentattesttakingandfillinginworkbooksanddittomasters.However,theyhavelittleornoexperiencereadingorthinking,andtalkingaboutwhattheyread.Theyknowthedetailsbutcan'tseeorunderstandthewhole.Theyaretaughttobesoconcernedwithgradethattheyhavenotimeoreaseofmindtothinkaboutmeaning,andrereadthingsifnecessary.TheauthorgivesanaccountofErica'sperformanceinherstudyinorderto .illustrateherclevernessintest-takingrevealtheincompetenceofteachersshowthereissomethingwrongwithcurrentpracticeinteachingdemonstratethebestwaytoreadtextbooksWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Thephenomenonofteachingtothetesthasarousedcuriosityinmanyeducators.Skillsingeneralarenotonlyuselessbutoftenleadstudentsastray.Abilitytoreadandwriteisonething,andabilitytodowellonstandardizedtestsisquiteanother.Preparationforatestofaskilldoesnotnecessarilymeantheacquisitionofthatskill.Theauthorinsiststhat .mandatedstatetestsbereplacedbysomemoresensiblemethodsofassessmentteacherspaymoreattentiontothenatureandqualityofwhatistaughtstudentsnotbeconcernedwithgradesbutdomorereadingandthinkingradicalchangesbebroughtaboutinthegeneralapproachtoteachingWecansafelyconcludethat maycauseeducationalproblems.testobsessionstandardizedteststest-takingpreparationformandatedstatetestsBy"crisisofcomprehension"theauthormeansmanystudents aretoomuchconcernedwithgradesfailtounderstandtherealgoalofeducationlackproperpracticeinphonicandgrammardrillsareunabletounderstandwhattheyread,thoughtheydoreasonablywellonstandardizedtestsText4RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.Thesearesimilarities,ofcourse,butthecopsdon'tthinkmuchofthem.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman'srealliferevolvesroundthelaw.Mostofhistrainingisincriminallaw,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownanalleyaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistimeisspentinchattingtoascantily-cladorindramaticconfrontationwithdesperatecriminals.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguilty —ornot—ofstupid,pettycrimes.Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminalsassoonashe'sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblemexceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattacks—whosefailuretoproduceresultsreflectsonthestandingofthepolice.Thepolicehaveanelaboratemachinerywhicheventuallyshowsupmostwantedmen.Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.Muchofthishastobegivenbypeoplewhodon'twanttogetinvolvedinacourtcase.So,aswellasbeingoverworked,adetectivehastobeoutatallhoursofthedayandnightinterviewinghiswitnessesandpersuadingthem,usuallyagainsttheirownbestinterests,tohelphim.Athirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantmoraltwilightinwhichtherealonelives.Detectivesaresubjecttotwoopposingpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetogetresults.Second,theyhavetoobservetherules.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.Itisessentialforapolicemantobetrainedincriminallaw.sothathecancatchcriminalsinthestreetsbecausemanyofthecriminalshehastocatcharedangeroussothathecanjustifyhisarrestsincourtbecausehehastoknownearlyasmuchaboutasaprofessionallawyerTheeverydaylifeofapolicemanordetectiveis.A.excitingandglamorousB.fullofdangerC.devotedmostlytoroutinemattersD.wastedonunimportantmattersWhenmurdersandterroristattacksoccurthepolice.prefertowaitforthecriminaltogivehimselfawayspendalotofeffortontryingtotrackdowntheirmantrytomakeaquickarrestinordertokeepuptheirreputationusuallyfailtoproduceresultsTherealdetectivelivesinanunpleasantmoraltwilight...Theunderlinedpartimplies.heisanexpensivepublicservanthemustalwaysbehavewithabsolutelegalityheisobligedtobreakthelawinordertopreserveithefeelshimselftobecutofffromtherestoftheworldWhatistheseconddifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealone?Itisnotdifficulttomakeanarrestforarealdetective.Hehastodomuchworkafterfinishingarresting.Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.BothAandB.PartBReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(21)Dostudentslearnfromprogrammedinstruction?Thesearchleavesusinnodoubtofthis.Theydo,indeed,learn.Theylearnfromlinearprograms,frombranchingprogramsbuiltontheSkinnerianmodel,fromscrambledbooksoftheCrowdertype,frompressurereviewtestswithimmediateknowledgeofresults,fromprogramsonmachinesorprogramsintexts.Manykindsofstudentslearn,college,highschool,secondary,primary,preschool,adult,professional,skilledlabor,clericalemployees,military,deaf,retarded,imprisoned,everykindofstudentthatprogramshavebeentriedon.Usingprogramsthesestudentsareabletolearnmathematicsandscienceatdifferentlevels,foreignlanguages,Englishlanguagecorrectness,thedetailsoftheU.S.Constitution,spelling,electronics,computerscience,psychology,statistics,businessskills,readingskills,flyingrules,andmanyothersubjects.Thelimitsofthetopicswhichcanbestudiedefficientlybymeansofprogramsarenotyetknown.(22)Foreachofthekindsofsubjectmattersandthekindsofstudentsmentionedabove,experimentshaveratedthataconsiderableamountoflearningcanbederivedfromprograms;thislearninghasbeenmeasuredeitherbycomparingpre-andpost-testorthetimeandtrialsneededtoreachasetcriterionofperformance. Butthequestion,howwelldostudentslearnfromprogramsascompetedtohowwelltheylearnfromotherkindsofinstruction,wecannotanswerquitesoconfidently.(23)Experimentalpsychologiststypicallydonottakeseriouslytheevaluativeexperimentsinwhichlearningfromprogramsiscomparedwithlearningfromconventionalteaching.Suchexperimentsaredoubtlessuseful,theysay,forschooladministratorsorteacherstoprovetothemselves(ortheirboardsofeducation)thatprogramswork.(24)Butonecandescribefairlywellthecharacteristicsofaprogram,canonedescribethecharacteristicsofaclassroomteachingsituationsothattheresultofthecomparisonwillhaveany generality?Whatkindofteacherisbeingcomparedtowhatkindofprogram?Furthermore,theseearlyevaluativeexperimentswithprogramsarelikelytosufferfromtheHawthorneeffect:thatistosay,studentsareinthespotlightwhentestingsomethingnew,andarechallengedtodowell.Itisveryhardtomakeallowanceforthiseffect.Therefore,theevaluativetestsmaybeusefuladministratively,saymanyoftheexperimenters,butdonotcontributemuchtoscience,andshouldproperlybekeptforprivateuse.Theseobjectionsarewelltaken.Andyet,dotheyjustifyusinignoringtheevaluativestudies?(25)Thegreatstrengthofaprogramisthatitpermitsthestudenttolearnefficientlybyhimself.Is讓notthereforeimportanttoknowhowmuchandwhatkindofskills,concepts,insightsorattitudeshecanlearnbyhimselffromprogramscomparedtowhathecanlearnfromteacher?Admittedly,thisisaverydifficultandcomplexresearchproblem,butthatshouldnotkeepusfromtryingtosolveit.Unit2PartAReadthefollowingfourtextscarefully.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Text1Thehealingpowerofmaggotsisnotnew.Humanbeingshavediscovereditseveraltimes.TheMayaaresaidtohaveusedmaggotsfortherapeuticpurposesathousandyearsago.Asearlyasthesixteenthcentury,Europeandoctorsnoticedthatsoldierswithmaggot-infestedwoundshealedwell.Morerecently,doctorshaverealizedthatmaggotscanbecheaperandmoreeffectivethandrugsinsomerespects,andthesesquirminglarvaehave,attimes,enjoyedaquietmedicalrenaissance.Theproblemmayhavemoretodowiththeweakstomachsofthoseusingthemthanwithgoodscience.ThemodernheydayofmaggottherapybeganduringWorldWarI,whenanAmericandoctornamedWilliamBayerwasshockedtonoticethattwosoldierswhohadlainonabattlefieldforaweekwhiletheirabdominalwouldbecameinfestedwiththousandsofmaggots,hadrecoveredbetterthanwoundedmentreatedinthemilitaryhospital.Afterthewar,Bayerprovedtothemedicalestablishmentthatmaggotscouldcuresomeofthetoughestinfections.Inthe1930shundredsofhospitalsusedmaggottherapy.Maggottherapyrequirestherightkindoflarvae.Onlythemaggotsofblowflies(afamilythatincludescommonbluebottlesandgreenbottles)willdothejob;theydevourdeadtissue,whetherinanopenwoundorinacorpse.Someothermaggots,ontheotherhand,suchasthoseofthescrewwormeatlivetissue.Theymustbeavoided.Whenblowflyeggshatchinapatient'swound,themaggotseatthedeadfleshwheregangrene-causingbacteriathrive.Theyalsoexcretecompoundsthatarelethaltobacteriatheydon'thappentoswallow.Meanwhile,theyignoreliveflesh,andinfact,giveitagentlegrowth-stimulatingmassagesimplybycrawlingoverit.Whentheymetamorphoseintoflies,theyleavewithoutatrace —althoughintheprocess,theymightupsetthehospitalstaffastheysquirmaroundinalivepatient.Whensulfadrugs,thefirstantibiotics,emergedaroundthetimeofWorldWarH,maggottherapyquicklyfadedintoobscurity.Whydidtheauthorwritethepassage?Becauseoftheresistancetousingthebenefitsofmaggots.TodemonstratetheimportantcontributionofWilliamBayer.Tooutlinethehealingpowerofmaggots.Toexplaintreatmentusedbeforethefirstantibiotics.Accordingtothepassage,WilliamBayerwasshockedbecause .twosoldiershadlainonthebattlefieldforaweekthemedicalestablishmentrefusedtoaccepthisfindingsthesoldiers'abdominalwoundshadbecomeinfestedwithmaggotsthesoldiershadrecoveredbetterthanthoseinamilitaryhospitalWhichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?Sulfadrugshavebeendevelopedfrommaggots.Maggotsonlyeatdeadtissue.Bluebottlesandgreenbottlesproducemaggots.Blowflymaggotsonlyeatdeadtissue.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat maggotscomefromeggsmaggotseatbacteriamaggotsarelarvaeWilliamBayerdiscoveredanewtypeofmaggotWhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutmaggots?Modemsciencemightbeabletodevelopnewdrugsfrommaggotsthatwouldfightinfection.Maggottherapywouldhavebeenmorepopularifantibioticshadnotbeendiscovered.WilliamBayerlaterchangedhismindaboutthevalueofusingmaggottherapy.Sulfadrugsweredevelopedfrommaggots.Text2Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong"situationsvacant",althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong"situationsvacant",althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajobeither.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob."Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication,"or"Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory,"ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasartforminitsownright.Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication."Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams,"wasabouttheaverageleverofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach."Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor,"wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinview.Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitistheincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns .informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailablepromisesusefuladvicetothoselookingforemploymentdividesavailablejobsintovarioustypesinformsemployersthatpeopleareavailableforworkNowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause .thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeopletherearesomanytop-leverjobsavailabletherearesomanypeopleoutofworkthejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofartInthepastitwasexpectedthatfirst-jobhunterswould .writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistorypasssomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajobhavenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwritekeepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterviewLater,asonewenttoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter .somethingthatwouldattractattentiontoone'sapplicationapersonalopinionabouttheorganizationonewastryingtojoinsomethingthatwouldoffendthepersonreadingitalotthatonecouldeasilygetawaywithtellingThejobhistoryhasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause .therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertisedtherehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegreesjobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadaystheotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicatedText3NewresearchfromAustraliasupportsthebeliefthatmanypetownershave—itshowsthatpetsaregoodforyourhealth.Thefindingsofthisnewstudysuggestthatpeoplewhohavepetsareatlessriskfromheartdiseasethanthosewhodonot.Ironically,thislateststudyonpetswasintendedtoexplodethemyththatpetsaregoodforyourhealth.Earlierresearchonthebenefitsofowningpetsreceivedalotofpublicity,buttheresultswerenotgoodenoughtoconvincethemoreskepticaldoctors.Thenewresearchwascarriedoutoverthreeyearsandexamined6000people,thelargestgroupyetinvolvedinsuchastudy.Theytookteststhatmeasuredavarietyofdifferentfactorsknowntobeinvolvedinheartdisease—bloodpressure,andbloodlevelsofcholesterol（膽固醇）andtriglyceride（甘油三酯 ）.Also,peoplewereaskedabouttheirlifestyles.The800peoplewhoownedpetshadlowerlevelsoneachofthefactorsmeasuredthanthosewhodidnotownpets.Thedifferenceswereevengreaterthanthosefoundinsimilarstudiesonpeoplewhoswitchedtovegetariandietsortookupexercise.Thestudyalsoshowedthatitdidnotmatterwhatkindofpetwasowned —acatwasasgoodasadog—sothebenefitscouldnotbeattributedtotheexerciseinvolvedinwalkingadog.Thequestionis,justhowdopetsmanagetomaketheirownersmorehealthy?Theobviousansweristhattheymaketheirownersfeelmorerelaxedandhappy.Afterall,whatbetterwayofgettingridofallthattensionthanbywalkingthedogorstrokingthecat?However,itisnotthatsimple.Whilethereissomeevidencethatanunhappyevent,suchasthedeathofapartner,canbebadforaperson'shealth,atthemomentthereislittleevidencethathavinggoodrelationshipshasapositiveeffectonhealth.Aslongastheexactwaythatpetsmaketheirownershealthierisunknown,manydoctorswillbereluctanttoprescribeapetinsteadofapillfortheirpatients.Nevertheless,theAustralianscientistwhoorganizedthisstudycommentedthatifanewdrugwasavailablethatwasaseffectiveassimplyhavingapet,thenthisdrugwouldundoubtedlybeconsideredabreakthroughinthecontrolofheartdisease.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthenewresearch?Theresultscouldconvincethemoreskepticaldoctors.Itspurposewastoshowthatthebeliefthepetsaregoodforpeople'shealthisnotcorrect.Itspurposewastoconvinceskepticaldoctorsthatpetsaregoodforhealth.TheresearchreceivedsupportsfromAustraliandoctorsWhoaremostunlikelytosufferfromheartdisease?Thoselivingwithrelatives.Thoseswitchingtovegetariandiets.Thosetakingupexercise.Thoseowningpets.Howdoestheauthorthinkpetsmaketheirownersmorehealthy?A.Theymaketheirownersfeelmorerelaxedandhappy.Theyprovidetheirownerswithmoreexercises.Theyhavegoodrelationshipswiththeirowners.Wedon'tknowexactly.Askepticaldoctorismostprobablyonewhobelievesthat .petsarebetterforpeople'shealththandrugdrugisasgoodaspetsforpeople'shealthdrugisbetterforpeople'shealththanpetsneitherpetsnordrugisgoodforpeople'shealthWhatcanyouinferfromthepassage?Sofarpetsarethemosteffectivedrugforheartdiseasepatients.Manydoctorsprefertoprescribepetsfortheirheartdiseasepatients.Havinggoodrelationshipshasapositiveeffectonhealth.Walkingadogisabetterwayofgettingridoftensionthanstrokingacatis.Text4Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreesofhealthandwealthandtheothercomfortsoflife,onebecomeshappy,theotherbecomesmiserable.Thisarisesfromthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthings,persons,theevents,andtheresultingeffectsupontheirminds.Thepeoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentionontheconveniencesofthings,thepleasantpartsofconversation,thewell-prepareddishes,thegoodnessofthewines,andthefineweather.Theyenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonlyofthecontrarythings.Therefore,theyarecontinuallydiscontented.Bytheirremarks,theysourthepleasuresofsociety,offendmanypeople,andmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.Ifthisturnofmin